份聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)真題及答案

SectionIUseofDirections：Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblackandmarkA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)MillionsofAmericansandforeignersseeGI.Joeasamindlesswartoy,thesymbolofAmericanmilitaryadventurism,butthat’snothowitSectionIUseofDirections：Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblackandmarkA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)MillionsofAmericansandforeignersseeGI.Joeasamindlesswartoy,thesymbolofAmericanmilitaryadventurism,butthat’snothowitusedtobe.Tothemenandwomenwho1inWorldWarIIandthepeopletheyliberated,theGI.wasthe2mangrownintohero,thepoolfarmkidtornawayfromhishome,theguywho3alltheburdensofbattle,whosleptincoldfoxholes,whowentwithoutthe4offoodandshelter,whostuckitoutanddrovebacktheNazireignofmurder.Thiswasnotavolunteersoldier,notsomeonewellpaid,5anaverageguy,up6thebesttrained,bestequipped,fiercest,mostbrutalenemiesseeninHisnameisnotmuch.GI.isjustamilitaryabbreviation7GovernmentIssue,anditwasonallofthearticle8tosoldiers.AndJoe?Acommonnameforaguywhonever9ittothetop.JoeBlow,JoeMagrac…aworkingclassname.TheUnitedStateshas10hadapresidentorvice-presidentorsecretaryofstateJoe.GI.Joehada11careerfightingGerman,Japanese,andKoreantroops.Heappearsasacharacter,or12ofAmericanpersonalities,inthe1945movieTheStoryofGI.Joe,basedonthelastdaysofwarcorrespondentErniePyle.SomeofthesoldiersPyle13portrayedthemselvesinthefilm.Pylewasfamousforcoveringthe14sideofthewar,writingaboutthedirt-snow-and-mudsoldiers,nothowmanymileswere15orwhattownswerecapturedorliberated.Hisreports16the“Willie”cartoonsoffamedStarsandStripesartistBillMaulden.Bothmen17thedirtandexhaustionofwar,the18ofcivilizationthatthesoldierssharedwitheachandthecivilians:coffee,tobacco,whiskey,shelter,sleep.19 andadozenmorecountries,G.I.JoewasanyAmericansoldier,20thetheirimportantperson[A][A][A]onthe[B]turnover[B]bythis[C]form[C]fromthe[D]passeddown[D]atthatSectionIUseofDirections：Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblackandmarkA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)MillionsofAmericansandforeignersseeGI.Joeasamindlesswartoy,thesymbolofAmericanmilitaryadventurism,butthat’snothowitusedtobe.TothemenandwomenwhoSectionIUseofDirections：Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblackandmarkA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)MillionsofAmericansandforeignersseeGI.Joeasamindlesswartoy,thesymbolofAmericanmilitaryadventurism,butthat’snothowitusedtobe.Tothemenandwomenwho1inWorldWarIIandthepeopletheyliberated,theGI.wasthe2mangrownintohero,thepoolfarmkidtornawayfromhishome,theguy3alltheburdensofbattle,whosleptincoldfoxholes,whowentwithoutthe4offoodandshelter,whostuckitoutanddrovebacktheNazireignofmurder.Thiswasnotavolunteersoldier,notsomeonewellpaid,5anaverageguy,up6thebesttrained,bestequipped,fiercest,mostbrutalenemiesseeninHisnameisnotmuch.GI.isjustamilitaryabbreviation7GovernmentIssue,anditwasonallofthearticle8tosoldiers.AndJoe?Acommonnameforaguywhonever9ittothetop.JoeBlow,JoeMagrac…aworkingclassname.TheUnitedStateshas10hadapresidentorvice-presidentorsecretaryofstateJoe.GI.Joehada11careerfightingGerman,Japanese,andKoreantroops.Heappearsasacharacter,or12ofAmericanpersonalities,inthe1945movieTheStoryofGI.Joe,basedonthelastdaysofwarcorrespondentErniePyle.SomeofthesoldiersPyle13portrayedthemselvesinthefilm.Pylewasfamousforcoveringthe14sideofthewar,writingaboutthedirt-snow-and-mudsoldiers,nothowmanymileswere15orwhattownswerecapturedorliberated.Hisreports16the“Willie”cartoonsoffamedStarsandStripesartistBillMaulden.Bothmen17thedirtandexhaustionofwar,the18ofcivilizationthatthesoldierssharedwitheachotherandthecivilians:coffee,tobacco,whiskey,shelter,sleep.19Egypt, andadozenmorecountries,G.I.JoewasanyAmericansoldier,20thetheirimportantperson[A][A][A]handed[A]onthe[B]turnover[B]bythis[C]form[C]broughtback[C]fromthe[D]passeddown[D]atthatSectionII PartADirections:ReadthefollowingSectionII PartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsaftereachtextbychoosingA,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.Homeworkhasneverbeenterriblypopularwithstudentsandevenmanyparents,butinrecentyearsithasbeenparticularlyscorned.Schooldistrictsacrossthecountry,mostrecentlyLosAngelesUnified,arerevisingtheirthinkingonhiseducationalritual.Unfortunately,L.A.Unifiedhasproducedaninflexiblepolicywhichmandatesthatwiththeexceptionofsomeadvancedcourses,homeworkmaynolongercountformorethan10%ofastudent’sacademicgrade.Thisruleismeanttoaddressthedifficultythatstudentsfromimpoverishedorchaotichomesmighthaveincompletingtheirhomework.Butthepolicyisunclearandcontradictory.Certainly,nohomeworkshouldbeassignedthatstudentscannotdowithoutexpensiveequipment.Butifthedistrictisessentiallygivingapasstostudentswhodonotdotheirhomeworkbecauseofcomplicatedfamilylives,itisgoingriskilyclosetotheimplicationthatstandardsneedtobeloweredforpoorchildren.Districtadministratorssaythathomeworkwillstillbeapatofschooling:teachersareallowedtoassignasmuchofitastheywant.Butwithhomeworkcountingfornomorethan10%oftheirgrades,studentscaneasilyskiphalftheirhomeworkandseeverylittledifferenceontheirreportcards.Somestudentsmightdowellonstatetestswithoutcompletingtheirhomework,butwhataboutthestudentswhoperformedwellonthetestsanddidtheirhomework?Itisquitepossiblethatthehomeworkhelped.Yetratherthanempoweringteacherstofindwhatworksbestfortheirstudents,thepolicyimposesaflat,across-the-boardrule.Atthesametime,thepolicyaddressesnoneofthetrulythornyquestionsabouthomework.Ifthedistrictfindshomeworktobeunimportanttoitsstudents’academicachievement,itshouldmovetoreduceoreliminatetheassignments,notmakethemcountforalmostnothing.Conversely,ifhomeworkdoesnothingtoensurethatthehomeworkstudentsarenotassigningmorethantheyarewillingtoreviewandcorrect.Thehomeworkrulesshouldbeputonholdwhiletheschoolboard,whichisresponsibleforsettingeducationalpolicy,looksintothematterandconductspublichearings.ItisnottoolateforL.A.Unifiedtodohomeworkright.Itisimpliedinparagraph1thatnowadaysisreceivingmoreisnolongeraneducationalisnotrequiredforadvancedisgainingmoreL.A.Unifiedhasmadetheruleabouthomeworkmainlybecausepoortendtohavemoderateexpectationsfortheirhaveaskedforadifferenteducationalmayhaveproblemsfinishingtheirhavevoicedtheircomplaintsabout AccordingtoParagraph3,oneproblemwiththepolicyisthatitdiscouragestudentsfromdoingresultinstudents'indifferencetotheirreportunderminetheauthorityofstaterestrictteachers'powerin 24.AsmentionedinParagraph4,akeyquestionunansweredabouthomeworkis.SectionII ReadingComprehensionPartADirections:ReadthefollowingfourSectionII ReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsaftereachtextbychoosingA,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.Homeworkhasneverbeenterriblypopularwithstudentsandevenmanyparents,butinrecentyearsithasbeenparticularlyscorned.Schooldistrictsacrossthecountry,mostrecentlyLosAngelesUnified,arerevisingtheirthinkingonhiseducationalritual.Unfortunately,L.A.Unifiedhasproducedaninflexiblepolicywhichmandatesthatwiththeexceptionofsomeadvancedcourses,homeworkmaynolongercountformorethan10%ofastudent’sacademicgrade.Thisruleismeanttoaddressthedifficultythatstudentsfromimpoverishedorchaotichomesmighthaveincompletingtheirhomework.Butthepolicyisunclearandcontradictory.Certainly,nohomeworkshouldbeassignedthatstudentscannotdowithoutexpensiveequipment.Butifthedistrictisessentiallygivingapasstostudentswhodonotdotheirhomeworkbecauseofcomplicatedfamilylives,itisgoingriskilyclosetotheimplicationthatstandardsneedtobeloweredforpoorchildren.Districtadministratorssaythathomeworkwillstillbeapatofschooling:teachersareallowedtoassignasmuchofitastheywant.Butwithhomeworkcountingfornomorethan10%oftheirgrades,studentscaneasilyskiphalftheirhomeworkandseeverylittledifferenceontheirreportcards.Somestudentsmightdowellonstatetestswithoutcompletingtheirhomework,butwhataboutthestudentswhoperformedwellonthetestsanddidtheirhomework?Itisquitepossiblethatthehomeworkhelped.Yetratherthanempoweringteacherstofindwhatworksbestfortheirstudents,thepolicyimposesaflat,across-the-boardrule.Atthesametime,thepolicyaddressesnoneofthetrulythornyquestionsabouthomework.Ifthedistrictfindshomeworktobeunimportanttoitsstudents’academicachievement,itshouldmovetoreduceoreliminatetheassignments,notmakethemcountforalmostnothing.Conversely,ifhomeworkdoesnothingtoensurethatthehomeworkstudentsarenotassigningmorethantheyarewillingtoreviewandcorrect.Thehomeworkrulesshouldbeputonholdwhiletheschoolboard,whichisresponsibleforsettingeducationalpolicy,looksintothematterandconductspublichearings.ItisnottoolateforL.A.Unifiedtodohomeworkright.Itisimpliedinparagraph1thatnowadaysisreceivingmoreisnolongeraneducationalisnotrequiredforadvancedisgainingmoreL.A.Unifiedhasmadetheruleabouthomeworkmainlybecausepoortendtohavemoderateexpectationsfortheirhaveaskedforadifferenteducationalmayhaveproblemsfinishingtheirhavevoicedtheircomplaintsabout AccordingtoParagraph3,oneproblemwiththepolicyisthatitdiscouragestudentsfromdoingresultinstudents'indifferencetotheirreportunderminetheauthorityofstaterestrictteachers'powerin 24.AsmentionedinParagraph4,akeyquestionunansweredabouthomeworkis.[A]itshouldbe[C]it[A]itshouldbe[C]itplacesextraburdenson25.Asuitabletitleforthistextcouldbe [B]itcountsmuchin[D]itisimportantforwrongInterpretationofanEducationalaWelcomedPolicyforPoorthornyQuestionsaboutaFaultyApproachtoPrettyinpink:adultwomendonotrememberbeingsoobsessedwiththecolour,yetitispervasiveinouryounggirls’lives.Itisnotthatpinkisintrinsicallybad,butitissuchatinysliceoftherainbowand,thoughitmaycelebrategirlhoodinoneway,italsorepeatedlyandfirmlyfusesgirls’identitytoappearance.Thenitpresentsthatconnection,evenamongtwo-year-olds,betweengirlsasnotonlyinnocentbutasevidenceofinnocence.Lookingaround,Idespairedatthesingularlackofimaginationaboutgirls’livesandinterests.Girls’attractiontopinkmayseemunavoidable,somehowencodedintheirDNA,butaccordingtoJoPaoletti,anassociateprofessorofAmericanStudies,itisnot.Childrenwerenotcolour-codedatalluntiltheearly20thcentury:intheerabeforedomesticwashingmachinesallbabiesworewhiteasapracticalmatter,sincetheonlywayofgettingclothescleanwastoboilthem.What’smore,bothboysandgirlsworewhatwerethoughtofasgender-neutraldresses.Whennurserycolourswereintroduced,pinkwasactuallyconsideredthemoremasculinecolour,apastelversionofred,whichwasassociatedwithstrength.Blue,withitsintimationsoftheVirginMary,constancyandfaithfulness,symbolizedfemininity.Itwasnotuntilthemid-1980s,whenamplifyingageandsexdifferencesbecameadominantchildren’smarketingstrategy,thatpinkfullycameintoitsown,whenitbegantoseeminherentlyattractivetogirls,partofwhatdefinedthemasfemale,atleastforthefirstfewcriticalyears.Ihadnotrealizedhowprofoundlymarketingtrendsdictatedourperceptionofwhatisnaturaltokids,includingourcorebeliefsabouttheirpsychologicaldevelopment.Takethetoddler.Iassumedthatphasewassomethingexpertsdevelopedafteryearsofresearchintochildren’sbehaviour:wrong.Turnsout,accordingtoDanielCook,ahistorianofchildhoodconsumerism,itwaspopularizedasamarketingtrickbyclothingmanufacturersinthe1930s.Tradepublicationscounselleddepartmentstoresthat,inordertoincreasesales,theyshouldcreatea“thirdsteppingstone”betweeninfantwearandolderkids’clothes.Itwasonlyafter“toddler”becameacommonshoppers’termthatitevolvedintoabroadlyaccepteddevelopmentalstage.Splittingkids,oradults,intoever-tiniercategorieshasprovedasure-firewaytoboostprofits.Andoneoftheeasiestwaystosegmentamarketistomagnifydifferences-orinventthemwheretheydidnotpreviouslyBysaying"itis…therainbow"(Line2-3,Para.1),theauthormeans . shouldnotbethesolerepresentationofshouldnotbeassociatedwithgirls'cannotexplaingirls'lackofcannotinfluencegirls'livesandAccordingtoParagraph2,whichofthefollowingistrueofColoursareencodedingirls'BlueusedtoberegardedasthecolourforPinkusedtobeaneutralcolourinsymbolizingWhiteispreferredby28.Theauthorsuggeststhatourperceptionofchildren'spsychologicaldevelopmentmuchinfluenced.[A]itshouldbe[C][A]itshouldbe[C]itplacesextraburdenson25.Asuitabletitleforthistextcouldbe [B]itcountsmuchin[D]itisimportantforwrongInterpretationofanEducationalaWelcomedPolicyforPoorthornyQuestionsaboutaFaultyApproachtoPrettyinpink:adultwomendonotrememberbeingsoobsessedwiththecolour,yetitispervasiveinouryounggirls’lives.Itisnotthatpinkisintrinsicallybad,butitissuchatinysliceoftherainbowand,thoughitmaycelebrategirlhoodinoneway,italsorepeatedlyandfirmlyfusesgirls’identitytoappearance.Thenitpresentsthatconnection,evenamongtwo-year-olds,betweengirlsasnotonlyinnocentbutasevidenceofinnocence.Lookingaround,Idespairedatthesingularlackofimaginationaboutgirls’livesandinterests.Girls’attractiontopinkmayseemunavoidable,somehowencodedintheirDNA,butaccordingtoJoPaoletti,anassociateprofessorofAmericanStudies,itisnot.Childrenwerenotcolour-codedatalluntiltheearly20thcentury:intheerabeforedomesticwashingmachinesallbabiesworewhiteasapracticalmatter,sincetheonlywayofgettingclothescleanwastoboilthem.What’smore,bothboysandgirlsworewhatwerethoughtofasgender-neutraldresses.Whennurserycolourswereintroduced,pinkwasactuallyconsideredthemoremasculinecolour,apastelversionofred,whichwasassociatedwithstrength.Blue,withitsintimationsoftheVirginMary,constancyandfaithfulness,symbolizedfemininity.Itwasnotuntilthemid-1980s,whenamplifyingageandsexdifferencesbecameadominantchildren’smarketingstrategy,thatpinkfullycameintoitsown,whenitbegantoseeminherentlyattractivetogirls,partofwhatdefinedthemasfemale,atleastforthefirstfewcriticalyears.Ihadnotrealizedhowprofoundlymarketingtrendsdictatedourperceptionofwhatisnaturaltokids,includingourcorebeliefsabouttheirpsychologicaldevelopment.Takethetoddler.Iassumedthatphasewassomethingexpertsdevelopedafteryearsofresearchintochildren’sbehaviour:wrong.Turnsout,accordingtoDanielCook,ahistorianofchildhoodconsumerism,itwaspopularizedasamarketingtrickbyclothingmanufacturersinthe1930s.Tradepublicationscounselleddepartmentstoresthat,inordertoincreasesales,theyshouldcreatea“thirdsteppingstone”betweeninfantwearandolderkids’clothes.Itwasonlyafter“toddler”becameacommonshoppers’termthatitevolvedintoabroadlyaccepteddevelopmentalstage.Splittingkids,oradults,intoever-tiniercategorieshasprovedasure-firewaytoboostprofits.Andoneoftheeasiestwaystosegmentamarketistomagnifygenderdifferences-orinventthemwheretheydidnotpreviouslyexist.Bysaying"itis…therainbow"(Line2-3,Para.1),theauthormeanspink.shouldnotbethesolerepresentationofshouldnotbeassociatedwithgirls'cannotexplaingirls'lackofcannotinfluencegirls'livesandAccordingtoParagraph2,whichofthefollowingistrueofColoursareencodedingirls'BlueusedtoberegardedasthecolourforPinkusedtobeaneutralcolourinsymbolizingWhiteispreferredby28.Theauthorsuggeststhatourperceptionofchildren'spsychologicaldevelopmentmuchinfluenced.themarketingofproductsfortheobservationofthemarketingofproductsfortheobservationofchildren'sresearchesintochildren'sstudiesofchildhoodWemaylearnfromParagraph4thatdepartmentstoreswereadvisedfocusoninfantwearandolderkids'attachequalimportancetodifferentclassifyconsumersintosmallercreatesomecommonshoppers' Itcanbeconcludedthatgirls'attractiontopinkseemstoclearlyexplainedbytheirinbornfullyunderstoodbyclothingmainlyimposedbyprofit-drivenwellinterpretedbypsychologicalIn2010,afederaljudgeshookAmerica'sbiotechindustrytoitscore.CompanieshadwonpatentsforisolatedDNAfordecades-by2005some20%ofhumangeneswereparented.ButinMarch2010ajudgeruledthatgeneswereunpatentable.Executiveswereviolentlyagitated.TheBiotechnologyIndustryOrganization(BIO),atradegroup,assuredmembersthatthiswasjusta“preliminarystep”inalongerbattle.OnJuly29ththeywererelieved,atleasttemporarily.Afederalappealscourtoverturnedthepriordecision,rulingthatMyriadGeneticscouldindeedholdpatentstotwogenesthathelpforecastawoman'sriskofbreastcancer.ThechiefexecutiveofMyriad,acompanyinUtah,saidtherulingwasablessingtofirmsandpatientsalike.Butascompaniescontinuetheirattemptsatpersonalizedmedicine,thecourtswillremainratherbusy.TheMyriadcaseitselfisprobablynotoverCriticsmakethreemainargumentsagainst a of soitmaynotbegene suppress ratherthanrewardit;patents'monopoliesrestrictaccesstogenetictestssuchasMyriad's.Agrowingnumberseemtoagree.Lastyearafederaltask-forceurgedreformforpatentsrelatedtogenetictests.InOctobertheDepartmentofJusticefiledabriefintheMyriadcase,arguingthatanisolatedDNAmolecule“isnolessaproductofnature…thanarecottonfibresthathavebeenseparatedfromcottonseeds.”Despitetheappealscourt'sdecision,bigquestionsremainunanswered.Forexample,itisunclearwhetherthesequencingofawholegenomeviolatesthepatentsofindividualgeneswithinit.ThecasemayyetreachtheSupremeCourt.Astheindustryadvances,however,othersuitsmayhaveanevengreaterimpact.CompaniesareunlikelytofilemanymorepatentsforhumanDNAmolecules-mostarealreadypatentedorinthepublicdomain.Firmsarenowstudyinghowgenesinteract,lookingforcorrelationsthatmightbeusedtodeterminethecausesofdiseaseorpredictadrug’sefficacy,companiesareeagertowinpatentsfor‘connectingthedots’,explainsHansSauer,alawyerfortheTheirsuccessmaybedeterminedbyasuitrelatedtothisissue,broughtbytheMayoClinic,whichtheSupremeCourtwillhearinitsnextterm.TheBIOrecentlyheldaconventionwhichincludedsessionstocoachlawyersontheshiftinglandscapeforpatents.Eachmeetingwaspacked.31.ItcanbelearnedfromparagraphIthatthebiotechcompanieswouldA.theirexecutivestobeC.genestobeB.judgestoruleoutgeneD.theBIOtoissueathemarketingofproductsforthethemarketingofproductsfortheobservationofchildren'sresearchesintochildren'sstudiesofchildhoodWemaylearnfromParagraph4thatdepartmentstoreswereadvisedfocusoninfantwearandolderkids'attachequalimportancetodifferentclassifyconsumersintosmallercreatesomecommonshoppers' Itcanbeconcludedthatgirls'attractiontopinkseemstoclearlyexplainedbytheirinbornfullyunderstoodbyclothingmainlyimposedbyprofit-drivenwellinterpretedbypsychological In2010,afederaljudgeshookAmerica'sbiotechindustrytoitscore.CompanieshadwonpatentsforisolatedDNAfordecades-by2005some20%ofhumangeneswereparented.ButinMarch2010ajudgeruledthatgeneswereunpatentable.Executiveswereviolentlyagitated.TheBiotechnologyIndustryOrganization(BIO),atradegroup,assuredmembersthatthiswasjusta“preliminarystep”inalongerbattle.OnJuly29ththeywererelieved,atleasttemporarily.Afederalappealscourtoverturnedthepriordecision,rulingthatMyriadGeneticscouldindeedholdpatentstotwogenesthathelpforecastawoman'sriskofbreastcancer.ThechiefexecutiveofMyriad,acompanyinUtah,saidtherulingwasablessingtofirmsandpatientsalike.Butascompaniescontinuetheirattemptsatpersonalizedmedicine,thecourtswillremainratherbusy.TheMyriadcaseitselfisprobablynotoverCriticsmakethreemainargumentsagainstgene agene ofnature, soitmaynotbepatented; genepatents suppressinnovation ratherthanrewardit;andpatents'monopoliesrestrictaccesstogenetictestssuchasMyriad's.Agrowingnumberseemtoagree.Lastyearafederaltask-forceurgedreformforpatentsrelatedtogenetictests.InOctobertheDepartmentofJusticefiledabriefintheMyriadcase,arguingthatanisolatedDNAmolecule“isnolessaproductofnature…thanarecottonthathavebeenseparatedfromcottonDespitetheappealscourt'sdecision,bigquestionsremainunanswered.Forexample,itisunclearwhetherthesequencingofawholegenomeviolatesthepatentsofindividualgeneswithinit.ThecasemayyetreachtheSupremeCourt.Astheindustryadvances,however,othersuitsmayhaveanevengreaterimpact.CompaniesareunlikelytofilemanymorepatentsforhumanDNAmolecules-mostarealreadypatentedorinthepublicdomain.Firmsarenowstudyinghowgenesinteract,lookingforcorrelationsthatmightbeusedtodeterminethecausesofdiseaseorpredictadrug’sefficacy,companiesareeagertowinpatentsfor‘connectingthedots’,explainsHansSauer,alawyerfortheBIO.Theirsuccessmaybedeterminedbyasuitrelatedtothisissue,broughtbytheMayoClinic,whichtheSupremeCourtwillhearinitsnextterm.TheBIOrecentlyheldaconventionwhichincludedsessionstocoachlawyersontheshiftinglandscapeforpatents.Eachmeetingwaspacked.31.ItcanbelearnedfromparagraphIthatthebiotechcompanieswould A.theirexecutivestobeC.genestobeB.judgestoruleoutgeneD.theBIOtoissueathosewhoareagainstgenepatentsbelievethat geneticthosewhoareagainstgenepatentsbelievethat genetictestsarenotonlyman-madeproductsarepatentsongenesdependmuchoncourtsshouldrestrictaccesstogeneticAccordingtoHansSauer,companiesareeagertowinpatents establishingdiseasediscoveringgenedrawingpicturesofidentifyinghumanBysaying“eachmeetingwaspacked”(line4,para6)theauthormeansthat thesupremecourtwastheBIOwasapowerfulgenepatentingwasagreatlawyerswerekeentoattendgenerallyspeaking,theauthor’sattitudetowardgenepatentingis A.B.C.D.Thegreatrecessionmaybeover,butthiseraofhighjoblessnessisprobablybeginning.Beforeitends,itwilllikelychangethelifecourseandcharacterofagenerationofyoungadults.Andultimately,itislikelytoreshapeourpolitics,ourculture,andthecharacterofoursocietyforyears.NoonetriesharderthanthejoblesstofindsilverliningsinthisnationaleconomicManysaidthatunemployment,whileextremelypainful,hadimprovedtheminsomeways;theyhadbecomelessmaterialisticandmorefinanciallyprudent;theyweremoreawareofthestrugglesofothers.Inlimitedrespects,perhapstherecessionwillleavesocietybetteroff.Attheveryleast,ithasawokenusfromournationalfeverdreamofeasyrichesandbiggerhouses,andputanecessaryendtoaneraofrecklesspersonalspending.Butforthemostpart,thesebenefitsseemthin,uncertain,andfaroff.InTheMoralConsequencesofEconomicGrowth,theeconomichistorianBenjaminFriedmanarguesthatbothinsideandoutsidetheU.S.,lengthyperiodsofeconomicstagnationordeclinehavealmostalwaysleftsocietymoremean-spiritedandlessinclusive,andhaveusuallystoppedorreversedtheadvanceofrightsandfreedoms.Anti-immigrantsentimenttypicallyincreases,asdoesconflictbetweenracesandclasses.Incomeinequalityusuallyfallsduringarecession,butithasnotshrunkinthisone,Indeed,thisperiodofeconomicweaknessmayreinforceclassdivides,anddecreaseopportunitiestocrossthem---especiallyforyoungpeople.TheresearchofTillVonWachter,theeconomistinColumbiaUniversity,suggeststhatnotallpeoplegraduatingintoarecessionseetheirlifechancesdimmed:thosewithdegreesfromeliteuniversitiescatchupfairlyquicklytowheretheyotherwisewouldhavebeeniftheyhadgraduatedinbettertimes;itisthemassesbeneaththemthatareleftbehind.Intheinternetage,itisparticularlyeasytoseetheresentmentthathasalwaysbeenhiddenwithinAmericansociety.Moredifficult,inthemoment,isdiscerningpreciselyhowtheseleantimesareaffectingsociety’scharacter.Inmanyrespects,theU.S.wasmoresociallytolerantenteringthisrecessionthanatanytimeinitshistory,andavarietyofnationalpollsonsocialconflictsincethenhaveshownmixedresults.Wewillhavetowaitandseeexactlyhowthesehardtimeswillreshapeoursocialfabric.Buttheycertainlyit,andallthemoresothelongertheythosewhoareagainstgenepatentsbelievethat geneticthosewhoareagainstgenepatentsbelievethat genetictestsarenotonlyman-madeproductsarepatentsongenesdependmuchoncourtsshouldrestrictaccesstogeneticAccordingtoHansSauer,companiesareeagertowinpatents establishingdiseasediscoveringgenedrawingpicturesofidentifyinghumanBysaying“eachmeetingwaspacked”(line4,para6)theauthormeansthat thesupremecourtwastheBIOwasapowerfulgenepatentingwasagreatlawyerswerekeentoattendgenerallyspeaking,theauthor’sattitudetowardgenepatentingis A.B.C.D.Thegreatrecessionmaybeover,butthiseraofhighjoblessnessisprobablybeginning.Beforeitends,itwilllikelychangethelifecourseandcharacterofagenerationofyoungadults.Andultimately,itislikelytoreshapeourpolitics,ourculture,andthecharacterofoursocietyforyears.NoonetriesharderthanthejoblesstofindsilverliningsinthisnationaleconomicManysaidthatunemployment,whileextremelypainful,hadimprovedtheminsomeways;theyhadbecomelessmaterialisticandmorefinanciallyprudent;theyweremoreawareofthestrugglesofothers.Inlimitedrespects,perhapstherecessionwillleavesocietybetteroff.Attheveryleast,ithasawokenusfromournationalfeverdreamofeasyrichesandbiggerhouses,andputanecessaryendtoaneraofrecklesspersonalspending.Butforthemostpart,thesebenefitsseemthin,uncertain,andfaroff.InTheMoralConsequencesofEconomicGrowth,theeconomichistorianBenjaminFriedmanarguesthatbothinsideandoutsidetheU.S.,lengthyperiodsofeconomicstagnationordeclinehavealmostalwaysleftsocietymoremean-spiritedandlessinclusive,andhaveusuallystoppedorreversedtheadvanceofrightsandfreedoms.Anti-immigrantsentimenttypicallyincreases,asdoesconflictbetweenracesandclasses.Incomeinequalityusuallyfallsduringarecession,butithasnotshrunkinthisone,Indeed,thisperiodofeconomicweaknessmayreinforceclassdivi