高考英語閱讀沖刺：閱讀理解17份-高考英語閱讀沖刺：閱讀理解9

閱讀理解（共20小題；每小題2分，滿分40分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。

A

Themajorityofastronauts（宇航員）fromAmericahavebeenmen.Atthe

startofthespaceprogrammetherewasstrongresistancefromsomepeople

againsthavingwomeninspace.However,somewomenwereverykeentobecome

astronautsandintheendtheyweresuccessful.In1978,NASAbeganthe

firsttrainingprogrammeforwomenastronauts.

JudyResnickandChristaMcAuliffewerebothastronautsandtheywereboth

women,butinmanyotherwaystheywereverydifferent.Bothofthemwere

onFlightSTS-5L-L.JudyResnickwasbornin1949andstudiedengineering

atuniversityandwentontoobtainaPhDin1977.Shewasamemberof

thefirstgroupofwomenselectedforastronauttrainingin1978,andin

1984,shebecamethesecondwomaninspace.Duringthatflight,shehelped

tolaunchthreenewsatellitesandshecarriedoutaprogrammeofresearch.

Shewas,inmanyways,aprofessionalastronautwhosewholelifewas

devotedtospacetravel.

ChristaMcAuliffewasbornin1948andshewasanastronautalmostby

accident.In1984,NASAdecidedtofindateacherwhocouldaccompany

astronautsintospace.Theyhopedthatshewouldbeabletocommunicate

withstudentsfromspaceandencourageeveryoneofthemtobeinterested

inspacetravel.Christawasasecondaryteacherinhistoryandsocial

studies.Shewasagiftedteacherandshewasselectedfromover11,000

applicantstogoonflightSTS-51-L.Shewasalsoaverygoodcommunicator

andsheimmediatelyestablishedaverygoodrelationshipwiththenews

media（radio,televisionandnewspapers）.Itwaspartlybecauseofthis

thattherewasagreatdealofinterestandexcitementabouttheflight.

Thousandsofstudentsinschoolsanduniversitiesallaroundthecountry

werelookingforwardtocommunicatingwithChristainspace.Millionsof

peoplewerewatchingherflightwithgreatinterest.Itispartlybecause

oftheexcitementoverMcAuliffe'splaceintheflightthatthedisaster

in1986hadsuchaneffectonpeople.

56.Wecanlearnfromthefirsttwoparagraphsthat.

A.Judywasagainsttheideaofhavingwomeninspaceatfirst

B.Judywasthefirstwomanselectedforastronauttraining

C.Judyhelpedtolaunchthreenewsatellitesattheageof35

D.Judycarriedoutaprogrammeduringhersecondspacetravel

57.ChristaMcAuliffewaschosenfortrainingbecause.

A.shewaspopularwiththenewsmedia

B.sheexpectedtogivehistorylessonsinspace

C.shewasanexcellentteacherandcommunicator

D.shemadethestudentsinspaceveryexcited

58.ThereasonwhytherewasgreatinterestinFlightSTS-51-Listhat

A.bothChristaandJudygotPhDdegreesinthesameyear

B.ayoungsecondaryschoolteacherwasontheflight

C.studentsweregoingtolearnmoreaboutspacetravel

D.itwasthefirsttimeforwomentotravelinspace

59.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.TwoAstronautsB.FlightSTS-51-L

C.TravellinginSpaceD.TheTrainingProgramme

B

What'son

OscarFilmThemesSymphonyConcert

Filmhighlightsaccompaniedbyliveperformancesofmoviethememusicby

theChinaOperaandDanceDramaTheatreSymphonyOrchestra,whichhas

recordedthemusicformanyfilms.Familiartuneswillcomefromsuch

flicksasTitanic,JurassicParkandWaterlooBridge.

Where:NationalityCulturalPalaceTheatreWhen:March8,7：30pm

Admission：80-380yuanTel：65287674ext508

FantasticViewAlltheWay

Themountainsinthisareaarenotveryhigh,butthevistasareexcellent.

Thiswalkisgentleandveryinteresting,goingthroughvalleys,over

passes,alongaridgeandthroughafewlittletranquilvillagesthatare

locatedinamazingplaces.Manysitesalongthewalkofferpanoramicview

ofthesurroundingmountains.

Where:Pinggu,northeastofBeijingWhen:March9,meet8：30amoutside

StarbucksatLidoHotel,or9amatCapitalParadisefrontgate,return

5pmAdmission:adults150yuan,children100yuanTelmail:

fjhikers@yahoo,co.uk

SpringGreetings

PaintingsinboldcolorsinatraditionalChinesestylebyyoungartist

TianXifengaredisplayedtowelcomethespring.Tianisastudentof

famousbird-and-f1owerpaintingartistWangQing.Hehaswonseveral

prizesatvariousnationalpaintingexhibitionsanddevelopedastyle

emphasizingvividclose-upsofnaturalscenes.

Where:MelodicGallery,14JianwaiDajie,oppositeFriendshipStoreWhen：

tillMarch31,9am-5pmAdmission:freeTel:65188123

Cala,MyDog

DirectedbyLuXuechang,starringGeYou.Thestoryisaboutamiddle-

agedworkingman,knownasLaoEr,whosechiefsourceofstabilityand

comfortinlifeishisdog,Cala.Oneday,whenhiswifeisoutwalking

Cala,apolicemanconfiscatestheunregisteredcanine.AsLaoErendeavors

torecoverhisdog,thedifficultcircumstancesofhislifearerevealed.

ChinesewithEnglishsubtitle（字幕）.

Where:DongchuangTheatre,3Xinzhongjie,DongzhimenwaiWhen:March13

and20,8:30pmAdmission:20yuanTel:64169253

60.IfyouareamusicloveryoucangotoonWomen，sDay.

A.CapitalParadiseB.DongchuangTheatre

C.CapitalGymnasiumD.NationalityCulturalPalaceTheatre

61.TheexhibitionheldinMelodicGallery.

A.isopentothepublicfrom7:30am-5pmtillApril1st.

B.presentstheworksbyTianXifengandhisteacher

C.istodisplaysomebird-and-flowerpaintings

D.coststheartloversmuchmoneytovisit

62.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

A.BothadultsandchildrencantakepartinthewalkinPinggu.

B.Evenyoudon'tknowEnglishyoucanenjoyCala,MyDog.

C.You，11havetodial65188123tobookaticketforthefilm.

D.You'11haveachoiceoftwomeetingplacesonMarch9th.

63.Alltheadvertisementsinthispassageareabout.

A.musicB.moviesC.exhibitionsD.entertainments

C

Mostepisodes（情況）ofabsent-mindedness-forgettingwhereyouleft

somethingorwonderingwhyyoujustenteredaroom-arecausedbyasimple

lackofattention,saysSchacter.〃You'resupposedtoremembersomething,

butyouhaven，tencoded（譯成密碼）itdeeply./z

Encoding,Schacterexplains,isaspecialwayofpayingattentiontoan

eventthathasamajorimpact（影響）onrecallingitlater.Failureto

encodeproperlycancreateannoyingsituations.Ifyouputyourmobile

phoneinapocket,forexample,anddon，tpayattentiontowhatyoudid

becauseyou"reinvolvedinaconversation,you"11probablyforgetthat

thephoneisinthejacketnowhanginginyourwardrobe（衣柜）,〃Your

memoryitselfisn'tfailingyou,“saysSchacter.^Rather,youdidn，tgive

yourmemorysystemtheinformationitneeded.〃

Lackofinterestcanalsoleadtoabsent-mindedness.Z/Amanwhocanrecite

sportsstatisticsfrom30yearsago,“saysZelinski,z，maynotrememberto

dropaletterinthemailbox.Z/Womenhaveslightlybettermemoriesthan

men,possiblybecausetheypaymoreattentiontotheirenvironment,and

memorydependsonjustthat.

“Visualcuescanhelppreventabsent-mindedness”,saysSchacter.z，Butbe

surethecueisclearandavailable,，zhecautions.Ifyouwanttoremember

totakeamedication（藥物）withlunch,putthepillbottleonthekitchen

table-don'tleaveitinthemedicinechestandwriteyourselfanotethat

youkeepinapocket.

Anothercommonepisodeofabsent-mindedness:walkingintoaroomand

wonderingwhyyou'rethere.Mostlikely,youwerethinkingaboutsomething

else."Everyonedoesthisfromtimetotime,“saysZelinski.Thebestthing

todoistoreturntowhereyouwerebeforeenteringtheroom,andyou，11

likelyremember.

64.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethatencoding.

A.slowsdowntheprocessoflosingourmemories

B.helpsusunderstandourmemorysystembetter

C.getsustorecallsomethingfromourmemories

D.helpsustofindoutthemobilephoneinthepocket

65.Whydowomenhavebettermemoriesthanmen?

A.Theyseldomusetheirmobilephones.

B.Theyaremorenervousabouttheenvironment.

C.Theyaremoreinterestedinwhat，shappeningaroundthem.

D.Theyusuallytakesomespecialmedicinetoimprovememories.

66.ThesentenceunderlinedinParagraph4meansthat.

A.anoteinthepocketwilleasilygetlost

B.puttingsomethinginsightcanbeagoodreminder

C.takingmedicinecangetridofabsent-mindedness

D.peopleofabsent-mindednessmusttakemedicinewiththem

67.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.Thecausesofabsent-mindedness.

B.Theenvironmentandmemory.

C.Awayofencodingandrecalling.

D.Theprocessofgradualmemoryloss.

D

Weareallinterestedinequality,butwhilesomepeopletrytoprotect

theschoolandexaminationsysteminthenameofequality,others,still

inthenameofequality,wantonlytodestroyit.

Anysocietywhichisinterestedinequalityofopportunity（機會）and

standardsofachievementmustregularlytestitspupils.Thestandards

maybechanged-noexaminationisperfect-buttohavenoexternal（夕卜

部的）testsorexaminationswouldmeantheendofequalityandof

standards.Therearegroupsofpeoplewhoopposethisviewandwhodonot

believeeitherinexternalexaminationsorinanycontrolsinschoolsor

onteachers.Thiswouldmeanthateverythingwoulddependonlucksince

everypupilwoulddependontheefficiency（實力）,theidealandthepurpose

ofeachteacher.

Withoutexternalexaminations,employerswilllookforemployeesfromthe

highlyrespectedschoolsandfromfamiliesknowntothem-aformof

favoritismwillreplaceequality.Atthemoment,thebrightchildfrom

anill-respectedschoolcanshowcertificates（證書）toproveheorshe

issuitableforajob,whilethelackofacertificateshowsthe

unsuitabilityofadullchildattendingawell-respectedschool.This

defenceofexcellenceandopportunitywoulddisappearifexternal

examinationsweretakenaway,andthebrightchildfromapoorfamilywould

beaprisonerofhisorherschool，sfame（名譽）,unabletocompetefor

employmentwiththechildfromthefavouredschool.

Theopponents（對手）oftheexaminationsystemsuggestthatexaminations

areanevilforcebecausetheyshowdifferencesbetweenpupils.According

tothesepeople,theremustbenospecial,different,academicclass.They

haveevensuggestedthatthereshouldbenoformofdifferenceinsport

oranyotherarea:alljobsorpostsshouldbefilledbyunsystematic

selection.Theselectionwouldbemadebypeoplewhothemselvesare

probablyselectedbysomecomputer.

Thesepeoplearenotjustagainstschoolorganisation,butareatwarwith

thewholeideaofmodemcompetitivesocietyandtheyareusingchildren

inschoolsfortheirdestructive（破壞性的）purposes.Thereisnoreason

whyweshouldallowsuchpeopletodeterminethewayourschoolsare

organisedwhenitistotheobviousdisadvantageofthepupils,ofthe

schoolsandofoursocietyasawhole.

68.Accordingtothepassage,thewriterthinksthat.

A.changingthestandardscouldmeantheendofequality

B.standardsmustkeepchanginginordertoachieveequality

C.therewouldbenostandardswithoutexternalexaminations

D.wecannothavestandardsbecauseexaminationsarenotperfect

69.Inthewriter'sopinion,whatwouldhappenifexternalexaminations

weretakenaway?

A.Therewouldbenomoreopportunitiesandnomoreexcellence.

B.Childrenfrompoorfamilieswouldnotbeabletochangeschools.

C.Goingtoafavouredschoolshouldbetheonlywaytogetagoodjob.

D.Schoolsforbrightchildrenwouldlosetheirfame.

70.Thesituationatthemomentisthat.

A.manychildrenwhoaresuitableforajobhavenoproofoftheir

suitability

B.aschool'sfameisnotimportant,aslongasachildhasacertificate.

C.childrenattendingwell-respectedschoolsneednotgetcertificates.

D.abrightchilddoesn，tneedacertificateatalltogetagoodjob.

71.WhichofthefollowingsentencesisTRUE?

A.Moststudentsfrompoorfamiliescan，tgetagoodjob.

B.Somepeopleareusingstudentstodestroyoursociety.

C.Thewriterthinksitagoodwaytochooseajobbycomputer.

D.Theopponentsoftheexaminationwanttoreorganizeschools.

72.Theopponentswouldagreethat.

A.computersshouldbeselectedtotakeovermanyjobs

B.particularpeopleshouldnotbechosenforparticularjobs

C.well-respectedschoolsshouldbegotridofassoonaspossible

D.thestudentsarenotequallytreatediftheytakeexternalexaminations

E

Heworks10hoursaday,makesmorethanUS$98000ayear,doesn，tbother

totakeholidays,dressesashepleases,he'sneverbeenhappierandis

lookingforanotherjob.This33-year-old,white,university-educated

personisthetypicalInternetworker,accordingtoastudybytheInternet

Standard,aSanFrancisconewsmagazine.

Thereisalsoareasonablechancethathisemployerwillarrangehisdry

cleaning,allowhimtobringhisdogtowork,offerhimfreemassages

（按摩）andgivehimstockoptions（股票自由買賣權(quán)）.Andhestillthinks

peopleinotherfirmsaredoingbetter.

Thetypicalworker,itappears,notonlyenjoysanincomeaboutthreetimes

thenationalaveragebutalsoenjoyshimself.Atpresent2.5million

peopleareemployedbyInternetfirmsintheUS.Theresultsofthestudy

giveplentyofreasonswhysomanypeoplethinkthegrassisgreenerin

SiliconValley（硅谷）.

EvenaftertechstockssharplywentdowninApril,closingmanystar-

ups,thereisstillamoodofenthusiasm（熱情）andspecialadvantageamong

thosestillemployed.Sowhatmakes52percentofthem"very

happyz，?z，Demandingwork^isgivenasthemain