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精選閱讀詞匯筆記(一)

fal編輯

以下文章均選自真題及其他各類托福練習(xí),在了解托福閱讀文章的題材,形式的同時,應(yīng)該重點(diǎn)

掌握和注意下劃線的詞匯:

P1

ThefirstprofessionalclownbornintheUnitedStateswasJohnDurang(1768-1822),who

camefromadecidedlynoncircusfamily.Durangwasthefirstinalonglineofgreatclownsto

dynamicallycombinegenuinedramaticand8medictalentwithahighlydevelopedprcrficiency

inawiderangeofcircustechniciues.Helefthomeattheageof15totourasadancerwitha

travelingperformer.Hislackofformaltrainingdidnotstophimfrombecomingan

accomplishedpuppeteer,clown,Harleciuin,dancer,ropewaker,equestrian,Shakespearean

actor,scenedesigner,andpyrotechnist.JohnBillRickettswasimpressedenoughtoofferhim

ajobin1793,butDurangdeclinedbecauseitrequiredsuperiorhorsemanship,askillwhichhe

hadnotyetacquired.In1795Rickettsrepeatedhisoffer,andthistimeDurangaccepted.He

immediatelybeganpracticingtrickridingandwassoonabletoaddequestrianclowningtohis

repertoire.By1797DuranghadbecomeakeymemberofRickett'scompany,andthat

summerheandRickettsledthetroupeonatourintoCanada.Duringcontinuedhis

remarkablecareerforthenext20years,performingintheatersandcircusesandeven

managinghisowndramatictouringtroupefornineconsecutivesummers.BeforehediedJohn

Durangrevealedyetanothertalentbywritinghismemoirs,theonlyextensivefirst-person

accountofcircuslifeintheearlyUnitedStates.

clown:n.小丑,粗魯愚蠢的人

decidedly:adv.決定,斷然;明了,無凝

circus:n.馬戲團(tuán),馬戲,競技場

dynamically:ad.動態(tài)的

genuine:a.真正的,真實(shí)的,誠懇的

dramatic:a.戲劇性的,生動的

comedic:a.喜劇的

proficiency:n.精通,熟練,精練

technique:n.技術(shù),方法,表演法

lack:n.缺乏,無,不足;vt,缺乏,短少,不足,需要;vi.缺乏

accomplished:a.完成的,實(shí)現(xiàn)的,善社交的,有造詣的,熟練的

puppeteer:n.操縱木偶的人,操縱傀儡

harlequin:n.丑角

ropewalker:n.走鋼絲,繩索特技表演者

equestrian:a.騎馬的,馬的,在馬背上的;n.騎手

Shakespearean:a.莎士比亞的

scene:n.場,景,情景,景色,鏡頭,發(fā)生地點(diǎn),布景,道具

pyrotechnist:n.煙火制造者

offer:n.出價,提議,意圖,報價;vt.提供,出價,奉獻(xiàn),使出現(xiàn),企圖,演出;vi.出現(xiàn),獻(xiàn)祭,提議

decline:n.衰微,跌落,下降M.使降低,婉謝;vi.下降,衰落,偏斜

superior:n.長者,高手,卜.級;a.卜.好的,出眾的,高傲的

horsemanship:n.馬術(shù)

acquired:a.已取得的,已獲得的,已成習(xí)慣的,后天的

accepted:a.一般承認(rèn)的,公認(rèn)的

immediately:ad.立刻,剛,立即

trick:n.詭計,欺詐,謀略,癖好,惡作劇,決竅;vt.戲弄,欺騙,裝飾;vi.哄騙,戲弄;a.有決竅的,特技的,

欺詐的,漂亮的,靠不住的,有效的

equestrian:a騎馬的,馬的,在馬背上的;n.騎手

repertoire:n.全部劇目,保留劇目,全部技能

troupe:n.一團(tuán),一班,劇團(tuán);vi.巡回演出

consecutive:a.連續(xù)的,聯(lián)貫的,始終一貫的

reveal:vt.露出,顯示,透露,(神)啟示,揭露,泄露;n.窗側(cè),門側(cè)

memoir:n.傳記,實(shí)錄,追思錄,回憶錄,自傳

P2

Sleepispartofaperson'sdailyactivitycycle.Thereareseveraldifferentstagesofsleep,and

theytoooccurincycles.Ifyouareanaveragesleeper,yoursleepcycleisasfollows.When

youfirstdriftoffintoslumber,youreyeswillrollaboutabit,yourtemperaturewilldropslightly,

yourmuscleswillrelax,andyourbreathingwillslowandbecomequiteregular.Yourbrain

waversslowdownabittoo,withthealpharhythmofratherfastwavesvredominatin。forthe

firstfewminutes.Thisiscalledstage1sleep.Forthenexthalfhourorso,asyourelaxmore

andmore,youwilldriftdownthroughstage2andstage3sleep.Theloweryourstageofsleep,

thesloweryourbrainwaveswillbe.Then,about40to60minutesafteryoulose

consciousness,youwillhavereachedthedeepestsleepofall.Yourbrainwaveswillshowthe

largeslowwavesthatareknownasthedeltarhythm.Thisisstage4sleep.

Youdonotremainatthisdeepfourthstageallnightlong,butinsteadabout80minutesafter

youfallintoslumber,yourbrainactivitylevelwillincreaseagainslightly.Thedeltarhythmwill

disappeartobereplacedbytheactivitypatternofbrainwaves.Youreyeswillbegintodart

aroundunderyourclosedeyelidsasifyouwerelookingatsomethingoccurringinfrontofyou.

Thisperiodofrapidevemovementlastsforsome8to15minutesandiscalledREMsleep.It

isduringREMsleepthatmostdreamsseemtooccur.Providedthatyoudonotwakeupduring

thefirstREMsleepperiod,yourbodywillsoonrelaxagain,yourbreathingwillgrowslowand

regularoncemore,andyouwillslipaentlybackfromstage1tostage4sleep—onlytorise

onceagaintothesurfaceofnearconsciousnesssome80minuteslater.

activity:n.活動,動作,活力

cycle:n.周期,循環(huán),自行車,一段時間,整套;vi.循環(huán),輪轉(zhuǎn),騎自行車;vt.使循環(huán),使輪轉(zhuǎn)

occur:vi.發(fā)生,想到,存在

average:n.平均,平均數(shù),海損;a.一■般的,通常的,平均的;vt.平均為,均分,使平衡;vi.買進(jìn),賣出

drift:n.漂流物,觀望,漂流M.vi.(使)漂流

slumber:n.睡眠,沉睡狀態(tài);vi.熟睡,打盹,蟄伏;vt.睡著渡過(時間)

roll:n.卷,滾動,名單,壓路機(jī),案卷,翻滾;vi.滾,滾動,飄流,起伏,繞,卷使?jié)L動,卷,繞

slightly:ad.些微地,苗條地

muscle:n.肌肉,臂力

relax:vi.放松,松懈,松弛,變從容,休息,休養(yǎng);vt.使松馳,緩和,使松懈,使休息

breathing:n.呼吸,瞬間,微風(fēng);a.呼吸的,逼真的

alpha:n.希臘字母的第一個字母,最初,開端

rhythm:n.旋律,節(jié)奏,韻律,勻稱,節(jié)律

predominate:vt.掌握,控制,支配;vi.統(tǒng)治,成為主流

consciousness:n.意識,知覺,自覺

reach:n.伸出,延伸,區(qū)域,岬,河段,范圍;vt.到達(dá),達(dá)到,伸出,延伸,影響;vi.達(dá)到,延伸,伸出手,傳

delta:n.三角州,希臘字母的第四個字

instead:ad.改為,抵作,更換,替代

disappear:vi.消失,不見

pattern:n.模范,典型,式樣,模式,樣品,格調(diào),圖案;vt.模仿,仿造,以圖案裝飾;vi.形成圖案

dart:n.飛鏢,投射;vt.投射;vi.疾走,突進(jìn)

eyelid:n.眼皮,眼瞼

rapid:a.迅速的,飛快的,急促的,險峻的;n.急流

REM:rapideyemovement

provided:conj.倘若

gently:ad.輕輕地,逐漸地

P3

Beforethe1850'stheUnitedStateshadanumberofsmallcolleges,mostofthemdatingfrom

colonialdays.Theyweresmall,church-connectedinstitutionswhoseprimaryconcernwasto

shapethemoralcharacteroftheirstudents.

ThroughoutEurope,institutionsofhigherlearninghaddeveloped,bearingtheancientnameof

university.InGermanyadifferentkindofuniversityhaddeveloped.TheGermanuniversity

wasconcernedprimarilywithcreatingandspreadingknowledge,notmorals.Between

mid-centuryandtheendofthe1800's,morethanninethousandyoungAmericans,dissatisfied

withtheirtrainingathome,wenttoGermanyforadvancedstudy.Someofthemreturnedto

becomepresidentsofvenerablecolleges—Harvard,Yale,Columbia-andtransformthem

intomodemuniversities.Thenewpresidentsbrokealltieswiththechurchesandbroughtina

newkindoffaculty.Professorswerehiredfortheirknowledgeofasubject,notbecausethey

wereoftheproperfaithandhadastrongarmfordiscipliningstudents.Thenewprinciplewas

thatauniversitywastocreateknowledgeaswellaspassiton,andthiscalledforafaculty

composedofteacher-scholars.DrillingandlearningbyrotewerereplacedbytheGerman

methodoflecturing,inwhichtheprofessor'sownresearchwaspresentedinclass.Graduate

trainingleadingtothePh.D,anancientGermandegreesignifyingthehighestlevelof

advancedscholarlyattainment,wasintroduced.Withtheestablishmentoftheseminarsystem,

graduatestudentslearnedtoquestion,analyze,andconducttheirownresearch.

Atthesametime,thenewuniversitygreatlyexpandedinsizeandcourseofferings,breaking

completelyoutoftheold,constrictedcurriculumofmathematicsclassics.rhetoric,andmusic.

ThepresidentofHarvardpioneeredtheelectivesystem,bywhichstudentswereableto

choosetheirowncoursesofstudy.Thenotionofmajorfieldsofstudyemersed.Thenewgoal

wastomaketheuniversityrelevanttotherealpursuitsoftheworld.Payingcloseheedtothe

practicalneedsofsociety,thenewuniversitiestrainedmenandwomentoworkatitstasks,

withengineeringstudentsbeingthemostcharacteristicofthenewregime.Studentswerealso

trainedaseconomists,arcZtectsagriculturalists,socialwelfareworkers,andteachers.

date:n.Fl期,約會,棗椰子;vt.約會,定日期;vi.注明Fl期,過時;n.DOS命令:顯示或設(shè)置系統(tǒng)日

colonial:a.殖民的,殖民地的

connect:vt.vi.連接,聯(lián)合,關(guān)連

primary:n.最主要者,原色;a.主要的,初期的,根本的,首要的,基本的

concern:n.關(guān)心,憂慮;vt.與…有關(guān),使擔(dān)心,掛慮

moral:n.道德,品行,寓意;a.道德的,品性端正的,良心的

bearing:n.舉止,軸承,忍受,方向,意義關(guān)系,生育

ancient:a.遠(yuǎn)古的,舊的

develop:vt.發(fā)展,發(fā)達(dá),進(jìn)步,洗印,顯影;vi.發(fā)展,生長

primarily:ad.主要地,首先地,基本地

spreading:撒布

dissatisfy:vt.使感覺不滿,不滿足

advanced:a.高等的,在前的,年老的,先進(jìn)的

venerable:a.莊嚴(yán)的,值得尊敬的

Harvard:美國哈佛大學(xué)

Yale:n.耶魯

Columbia:n.哥倫比亞

transform:vt.轉(zhuǎn)換,改變,改造,使…變形;vi.改變,轉(zhuǎn)化,變換

tie:n.帶子,線,鞋帶,不分勝負(fù),關(guān)系,領(lǐng)帶,領(lǐng)結(jié),平局,束縛M.系,打結(jié),扎,約束,與…成平局;vi.結(jié)

合,打結(jié),不分勝負(fù)

faculty:n,才能,能力,全體教員,(大學(xué)的)系

hire:n,租金,租用,雇用;vt,雇請,出租;vi.受雇

proper:a.適當(dāng)?shù)?,高尚的,專屬?ad.完全地,徹底地

discipline:n.訓(xùn)練,紀(jì)律;vt.訓(xùn)練,懲罰

principle:n.原則,原理,主義

compose:vt.組成,寫作,作曲,使平靜,編寫;vi.創(chuàng)作,排字

scholar:n.學(xué)者,公費(fèi)生,有文化者,學(xué)習(xí)者

drilling:n.演練

rote:n.機(jī)械性的背誦,反復(fù),死記硬背

lecture:n.演講,譴責(zé),教訓(xùn);vt.演講,訓(xùn)誡,說教;vi.講演

present:n.禮物,現(xiàn)在,瞄準(zhǔn);a.現(xiàn)在的,出席的,當(dāng)面的;vt.介紹,引見,贈送,上演,提出,呈現(xiàn);vi.舉槍

瞄準(zhǔn)

signify:vt.象征,預(yù)示;vi.要緊,重要

attainment:n.達(dá)至!]

seminar:n.研究會,討論發(fā)表會

analyze:vt.分析,分解

conduct:n.行為,舉動,指導(dǎo);vt.引導(dǎo),指揮,實(shí)施;vi.引導(dǎo),傳導(dǎo),指揮

expand:vt.使膨脹,詳述,擴(kuò)張;vi.張開,發(fā)展;v.展開

constrict:vt.壓縮,束緊,使收縮;vi.壓縮

curriculum:n.課程

classic:n.古典作品,杰作,第一流藝術(shù)家;a.第一流的,最優(yōu)秀的,古典的

rhetoric:n.修辭,修辭學(xué),華麗虛飾的語言

elective:a.選舉的,根據(jù)選舉的,選任的;n.選修課程

notion:n.概念,觀念,想法,打算,主張

emerge:vi.浮現(xiàn),形成,(由某種狀態(tài))脫出,(事實(shí))顯現(xiàn)出來

relevant:a.有關(guān)聯(lián)的,中肯的,有關(guān)系的咸比例的,相應(yīng)的,適當(dāng)?shù)?/p>

pursuit:n.追蹤,追捕,追求,追趕,工作,職業(yè)

heed:n.注意,留心;vt.vi.注意,留心

characteristic:n.特性,特征,特色;a.特性的,本性的,有特色的

regime:n.政權(quán),當(dāng)權(quán)期間,政體,社會制度

economist:n.經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)者,經(jīng)濟(jì)家

architect:n.建筑師,設(shè)計者,造物主

精選閱讀詞匯筆記(二)

fal編輯

以下文章均選自真題及其他各類托福練習(xí),在了解托福閱讀文章的題材,形式的同時,應(yīng)該重點(diǎn)

掌握和注意下劃線的詞匯:

P4

Oneofthemostimportantsocialdevelopmentsthathelpedtomakepossibleashiftinthinking

abouttheroleofpubliceducationwastheeffectofthebabyboomofthe1950'sand1960'son

theschools.Inthe19201s,butespeciallyintheDepressionconditionsofthe1930's,theUnited

Statesexperiencedadeclininqbirthrate-everythousandwomenagedfifteentoforty-four

gavebirthtoabout118livechildrenin1920,89.2in1930,75.8in1936,and80in1940.With

thegrowingprosperitybroughtonbytheSecondWorldWarandtheeconomicboomthat

followedit,youngpeoplemarriedandestablishedhouseholdsearlierandbegantoraiselarger

familiesthanhadtheirpredecessorsduringtheDepression.Birthratesroseto102per

thousandin1946,106.2in1950,and118in1955.Althougheconomicswasprobablythemost

importantdeterminant,itisnottheonlyexplanationforthebabyboom.Theincreasedvalue

placedontheideaofthefamilyalsohelpstoexplainthisriseinbirthrates.Thebabyboomers

beganstreamingintothefirstgradebythemid-1940'sandbecameafloodby1950.Thepublic

schoolsystemsuddenlyfounditselfovertaxed.Whilethenumberofschoolchildrenrose

becauseofwartimeandpostwarconditions,thesesameconditionsmadetheschoolseven

lesspreparedtocopewiththeflood.Thewartimeeconomymeantthatfewnewschoolswere

builtbetween1940and1945.Moreover,duringthewarandintheboomtimesthatfollowed,

largenumbersofteacherslefttheirprofessionforbetter-payingjobselsewhereinthe

economy.

Therefore,inthe1950'sand1960's,Thebabyboomhitananticiuatedandinadequateschool

system.Conseauectly,the"custodialrhetoric"ofthe1930'sandearly1940*snolongermade

sense;thatis,keepingyouthsagedsixteenandolderoutofthelabormarketbykeepingthem

inschoolcouldnolongerbeahighpriorityforaninstitutionunabletofindspaceandstaffto

teachyoungerchildrenagedfivetosixteen.Withthebabyboom,thefocusofeducatorsandof

laymeninterestedineducationinevitablyturnedtowardthelowergradesandbacktobasic

academicskillsanddiscipline.Thesystemnolongerhadmuchinterestinoffering

nontraditional,new,andextraservicestoolderyouths.

shift:n.變化,移動,輪班,辦法,移位,手段M.替換,轉(zhuǎn)移,改變,移轉(zhuǎn),推卸,變速;vi.轉(zhuǎn)換,移動,轉(zhuǎn)變,

推托,變速

baby:n.嬰孩

boom:n.繁榮,隆隆聲;vi.急速發(fā)展,發(fā)隆隆聲;vt.使興旺,發(fā)隆隆聲

depression:n.不景氣,消沉,沮喪,洼地

declining:a.傾斜的,衰退中的

prosperity:n.繁榮,幸運(yùn),成功

predecessor:n.前任,先輩,以前的東西

determinant:n.判定,決定物,決定因素;a.決定性的

streamy:a.多河流的,多水流的,川流般的

overtax:vt.課稅過重,使負(fù)擔(dān)過度

wartime:n.戰(zhàn)時

postwar:a.戰(zhàn)后的

cope:vi.競爭,對抗,克服;n.長袍

moreover:ad.而且,此外

job:n.批,批發(fā),工作

antiquated:a.舊式的,過時的,古老的

inadequate:a.不充分的,不適當(dāng)?shù)?/p>

consequently:ad.結(jié)果

custodial:a.保管的,保管人的;n.圣物保管容器

rhetoric:n.修辭,修辭學(xué),華麗虛飾的語言

priority:n.優(yōu)先權(quán),優(yōu)先順序,優(yōu)先,前,依次

laymen:外行,門外漢

inevitably:ad.不可避免

discipline:n.訓(xùn)練,紀(jì)電vt.訓(xùn)練,懲罰

P5

Anthropologistshavepiecedtogetherthelittletheyknowaboutthehistoryofleft?handedness

andright-handednessfromindirectevidence.Thoughearlymenandwomendidnotleave

writtenrecords,theydidleavetools,bones,andpictures.StoneAgehandaxesandhatchnts

weremadefromstonesthatwerecarefullychippedawaytoformsharpcuttingedges.Insome,

thepatternofchippingshowsthatthesetoolsandweaponsweremadebyright-handed

people,designedtofitcomfortablyintoarighthand.OtherStoneAgeimplementsweremade

byorforleft-handers.Prehistoricpictures,paintedonthewallsofcaves,providefurtherclues

tothehandednessofancientpeople.Aright-handerfindsiteasiertodrawfacesofpeopleand

animalsfacingtowardtheleft,whereasaleft-handerfindsiteasiertodrawfacesfacingtoward

theright.Bothkindsoffaceshavebeenfoundinancientpainting.Onthewhole,theevidence

seemstoindicatethatprehistoricpeoplewereeitherambidextrousoraboutequallylikelytobe

left-orright-handed.

But,intheBronzeAge,thepicturechanged.Thetoolsandweaponsfoundfromthatperiod

aremostlymadeforright-handeduse.Thepredominanceofright-handednessamonghumans

todayhadapparentlyalreadybeenestablished.

anthropologist:n.人類學(xué)家

piece:n.塊,片,篇,碎片,部分;vt.修補(bǔ),修理,結(jié)合;vi,接頭

left-handed:a.左撇的,用左手的,笨拙的

right-handed:a.用右手的,向右轉(zhuǎn)的,右旋性的

indirect:a.間接的,次要的,欺騙的

evidence:n.證據(jù),跡象

axes:n.軸,軸線,軸心

hatchet:n.斧頭,手斧,戰(zhàn)斧

chip:n.芯片,晶片,薄片,碎片;vt.削,切,削成碎片,使摔倒,鑿;vi.碎裂

pattern:n.模范,典型,式樣,模式,樣品,格調(diào),圖案M.模仿,仿造,以圖案裝飾;vi.形成圖案

weapon:n.武器,兵器;vt.武裝

implement:n.工具,器具M(jìn).實(shí)現(xiàn),使生效,執(zhí)行

left-hander:n.左撇子,左擊,左手投球

prehistoric:adj.史前的;老式的

ancient:a.遠(yuǎn)古的,舊的

whereas:conj.然而,反之,鑒于

ambidextrous:a.兩手俱利的,懷有二心的

bronze:n.青銅,銅像;a.青銅色的

predominance:n.卓越,優(yōu)勢,控制

establish:vt.建立,確立,制定建.移植生長

P6

HereintheUnitedStates,beforeagriculturalactivitiesdestroyedthenaturalbalance,there

weregreatmigrationsofRockyMountainlocusts(Melanoplusspretus).Greatmigratingwere

oftendestroyed;theworstyearswerethosefrom1874to1877.Oneofthesemigrating

swarmswasestimatedtocontain124billionlocusts.DuringanothermigrationinNebraska,it

wasestimatedthattheswarmoflocustsaveragedhalfamilehighandwas100mileswide

and300mileslong.Usually,theseswarmstakeofffromthegroundaaainstthewind,but,

onceairborne,theyturnandflywithit.Warmconvectioncurrentshelptoliftthem,oftento

greatheights.DuringthegreatlocustplaguesthesituationinNebraskabecamesoserious

thattheoriginalstate.Cons楙utionhadtoberewrittentotakecareoftheeconomicproblems.

Thenewdocumentwasknownas"TheGrasshopperConstitution."Itisnowbelievedthat

theselocustswereamigratoryformorphaseofthelessermigratorylocustwhichisstill

commonthere.Inthisrespect,theNorthAmericanmigratorylocustsresembletheirAfrican

relatives.Inbothregionsthemigratoryformsariseasaresultofcrowdingandclimaticfactors.

Migratoryformsareapparentlynaturaladaptationswhichbringaboutdispersalwhenlocust

populationsbecometoocrowded.Fortunatelyforourfarmers,themigratoryform—the

so-calledspretusspecies-nolongerseemstooccurregularly,althoughtherewasaserious

outbreakaslateas1938inmidwesternUnitedStatesandCanada.Actuallythereisnoreason

whythedestructivemigratoryformmightnotagainappearifcircumstancesshouldbecome

favorable.

activity:n.活動,動作,活力

destroy:vt.破壞,毀壞,消滅

balance:n.平衡,差額;vi.平衡,相等M.稱,權(quán)衡,比較,抵消,使平衡,結(jié)算;資產(chǎn)平穩(wěn)表

migration:n.移民,移往,移動

locust:n.蝗蟲,蚱螭,蟬

migrate:vi.移動,移往,隨季節(jié)而移居;vt.使移居

swarm:n.群,大群,蜂群;vi.群集,聚集一塊,云集,爬樹;vt.擠滿,爬(樹)

estimate:n.估計,判斷;vt.估計,評價,判斷;vi.估計

contain:vt.包含,容納,容忍;vi.自制

Nebraska:n.內(nèi)布拉斯加州,(美國中西部的一州)

against:prep.反對,靠,倚

airborne:a,空運(yùn)的,空中傳播的,空降的

convection:n.傳送,對流,對流

current:n.涌流,趨勢,流;a.流通的,現(xiàn)在的,當(dāng)前的,最近的

plague:n.瘟疫,麻煩,災(zāi)禍;vt.折磨,使苦惱,使得災(zāi)禍

situation:n.情形,境遇,位置

serious:a.嚴(yán)肅的,認(rèn)真的,重要的,嚴(yán)重的

original:a.最初的,原始的,有創(chuàng)意的;n.原物,原作

constitution:n.組織,憲法,體格

document:n.文件,公文;vt.證明,為…引證;n.文檔

grasshopper:n.蚱蠕,蝗蟲

phase:n.時期,局面,階段;vt.使調(diào)整相位,逐步執(zhí)行,實(shí)行

lesser:a.較少的,較小的,次要的

common:a.通常的,共同的,通俗的,公共的

respect:n.尊敬,尊重,關(guān)心M.尊敬,注意,遵守

resemble:vt.相似,類似,象

relative:n,親戚,關(guān)系詞;a.有關(guān)系的,相對的,比較的

region:n.區(qū)域,地方,地區(qū),范圍,區(qū),領(lǐng)域,層

arise:vi.站立,出現(xiàn),起來

crowd:n.群眾,一伙;vt.擁擠,擠滿,擠進(jìn)

climatic:a.氣候上的

factor:n.因素,因數(shù),代理人

migratory:a.遷移的,流浪的

adaptation:n.改編,適應(yīng),改編成的作品

bring:vt.帶來,產(chǎn)生,促使,提出;vi.停下

dispersal:n.散布,傳播,分散

fortunately:ad.幸運(yùn)土也

species:n,種,類,外形

occur:vi.發(fā)生,想到,存在

outbreak:n.爆發(fā),暴動

reason:n.理由,原因,理智,理性,道理,前提;vt.說服,推論,辯論;vi.推論,勸說,思考

destructive:a.毀滅性的,破壞的,有害的

circumstance:n.環(huán)境,狀況,事件

favorable:a.有利的,贊許的,良好的

TOEFL詞組(1)

-JAMESSONG

abeamoflight一束光

ablastof一陣風(fēng)

aburningdesire強(qiáng)烈的愿望

aclusterof-群;一組

acolumnofwater水柱

aconstanttemperature恒溫

acrewof一組(工作人員)

acrushingblow毀來性的打擊

afavoritetopic愛談?wù)摰脑掝}

agrainoftruth一絲真理

agreatmany許多

agreatvarietyof各種各樣的;大量的

agustofwind一陣狂風(fēng)

ahostof許多;一大群

ahouseholdword家喻戶曉的(名)字

amessof一大堆

aruleofthumb概測法

aseriesof一系列

asetof一套

aspeckof一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)

astripof一條

asuiteof一系列;一套

avarietyof各種各樣;不同種類

awealthof大量的

accomodateto適應(yīng)

accountfor解釋,說明

accusesb.of...指控某人…

acidrain酸雨

adaptto適應(yīng)

addto加;增加

addupto總共達(dá)到

adjustto適應(yīng)…

advancedcomposition高級寫作

aircurrent氣流

allbut幾乎;差不多

allnightlong整晚

alongwith一道;一起

amineacid氨基酸

amountto合計

anarrayof大量的

andthelike等等,以及諸如此類

apartfrom除...之夕卜

appealtosb.吸引某人

applyto適用于

arctic(tern)北極(燕鷗)

arousecontroversy弓I起爭議

arriveat達(dá)到,作出

asaresult結(jié)果;其結(jié)果是

asaresultof其結(jié)果是

asarule通常,一般說來

asfollows如下

assuch就其本身而言;如所指的人(或物)那樣

asthecasemightbe或許

asthenamesuggests顧名思義

aswellas也;和

aswith與…一樣

as...go(es)就…來說

assemblyline流水作業(yè)線

assumecontrolof取得對…的控制權(quán)

astronomicalbody天體

atarateof以…速度

atarun跑;正在跑

atallcosts不惜任何代價

atanangle成一個角度

atanyprice不惜一切代價

atbest充其量

atgreatlength詳細(xì)地;細(xì)致地

atlarge一般來說

atliberty自由地

atmaturity(動物)成熟時期

atmost至多,不超過

attheoppositeextreme在另一個極端

atthepeakof在…高峰期

attherequestof應(yīng)…的邀請

atthesuggestionof在...的建議下

atthewordofcommand一聽到命令聲

atwill任意,隨意

atwork起作用

atmosphericpressure大氣壓力

attachimportanceto認(rèn)為…有重要性

attach...to...附在…上,把…系在…

attribute...to...歸功于

avant-gardeartistn.先鋒派藝術(shù)家

awaitpublication待出版

babyboom生育高峰期

backandforth來回地

balsamfir香脂冷杉

battleagainst反對

beabsorbedby被...吸收

beaccompaniedby伴隨

beaccustomedto習(xí)慣于

beadmittedto力口入

beanalogousto與…類比

beappliedto用于

beappliedwith裝配有

beassignedto歸屬于

beassociatedwith與…聯(lián)系在一起

beataloss茫然不知所措

beathomein熟悉,精通

beatwarwith與…交戰(zhàn)

beattributedto歸于…

beboundby受...約束;由...聯(lián)系起來

beboundto一定;必然

bebroughtup被撫養(yǎng)

becarpetedwith覆蓋著

becastupon定居在

becharacteristicof具有...特色的

becloselyboundupwith與…有密切聯(lián)系

becombinedwith使…與結(jié)合(組合)

becommittedto忠于某一立場;堅定的

becomparedto與…相比

beconfinedto局限于

beconnectedby由...連接

beconnectedwith與…有關(guān)

beconvincedthat...確信

becreditedto...歸功于...

bededicatedto從事于;致力于

bederivedfrom來自

bedirectedagainst才旨向...

bedistinguishedfor因...而著稱

bedottedwith點(diǎn)綴著

bedramatizedby通過…得到形象地說明

beexposedto處于…的作用下;使曝光

befilledwith裝滿

befriendlywith對…友好

beheavilyforested森林茂密的

beheldinparticularlyhigh非常受器重

beheldinposition使…處于適當(dāng)位置

behonoredwith被授予

beindomesticservice當(dāng)傭人

beinthehandsof出自…的手

beleftfordead被認(rèn)為已死給撇下不管(意指無法解的難題)

belimitedto局限于

belocatedon位于;坐落在

beobligedto被迫做

beofprimeimportance極其重要

bepatternedon以...為模式

bepavedwith鋪滿,遍布

bepreferableto比...更好

beputinchains被囚禁

berecognizedas被認(rèn)為是...

berelatedto與…有關(guān)

bereportedas報道稱之為

beresistantto對…有抵抗作用

berestrictedto局限于

besecretedfrom從…分泌出來

beshortof不及;少?。喝鄙?/p>

besubstitutedfor替代

betakenby被...吸引

bethecase情況屬實(shí)

betherage極為流行之物:風(fēng)靡-時

betherule普通情況;慣常的事

betiredof厭倦

betracedto追溯到

beviewedas被看作是

become(get)involved介入

beforelong不久以后

beginwiththeideathat最初的想法是

behindthelines在后方

beltbuckle皮帶搭扣

Bessemerconverter酸性轉(zhuǎn)爐(舊稱貝氏轉(zhuǎn)爐)

BillofRights《人權(quán)法案》

billionsof億萬

birthrate出生率

bloodplasma血漿

bloodpressure血壓

bloodserum血.漿

bloodstream血流

blowout破裂

blowup炸毀

bluewhale藍(lán)鯨

borninto出身于…家庭

bouncebout來回彈跳

brainwave腦波

breakdowninto分解成…

breakinto碰到;發(fā)現(xiàn)

breakoff斷裂

breakoff破殼而出

breaktieswith斷絕與…的關(guān)系

breezeup(風(fēng))變強(qiáng)

brightspot光點(diǎn)

bringabout導(dǎo)致

bringin引如;帶進(jìn)

bringsb.tothescene使...來至ij現(xiàn)場

bringsth.toaclose結(jié)束

bring...toanendroutine結(jié)束

broad-brimmedhat寬邊帽

BronzeAge青銅器時代

buildconfidence樹立信心

bumpinto碰到

burnout燒掉

burstapart猛烈爆裂

byaccident偶然

bymeansof通過

bynomeans決不,并不是

byone\'sownadmission自己承認(rèn)(認(rèn)為)

byone\'sownpower靠自身的能力

bythe(thousands)按(千)計算

bytheageof到…年齡

bythecloseof至ij...末期

bytheway順便說一下

bytwos每兩人(一組)

callfor要求

callfor要求

cannothelpbut禁不住

capturetheimaginationof激起...的想象

capturetheimaginationof激發(fā)…的想象力

careabout關(guān)注;對…感興趣

carefor照料(看)

carryon進(jìn)行

carryout進(jìn)行

carrysth.ononeVsback背在背上

carveoutof從…切出(引伸為修建)

cashprize現(xiàn)金獎勵(賞)

catchaglimpseof看一看,瞥見

catchon流行起來

caterto...滿足…的需要;迎合

caughtupwith入迷;給…迷住

causedamageto帶來損害

cavepainting洞穴壁畫

chainsofislands島群

chambermusic室內(nèi)樂

chaosandconfusion混亂與渾沌

chemicalbond化學(xué)鍵

chemicalcompound化合物

chemicalintegration化學(xué)結(jié)合

chipout切成小片

churchtower教堂塔

circulatorysystem循環(huán)系統(tǒng)

civicduties公民義務(wù)

civillaw民法

civilservice行政部門

CivilWar美國內(nèi)戰(zhàn)(南北戰(zhàn)爭)

claypottery黏土陶瓷器

cleanup清理干凈;清除

clearof離開;脫離

clingto粘在...上

closeinon包圍,圍住

close-upview特寫鏡頭:接近的觀察

closedcircuittelevision閉路電視

coalmine煤礦

coatedwith涂有

coaxsb.intodoingsth.勸誘(說服)某人做某事

collectionanddistributionp集散地

collidewith與…相碰撞

colonialexpansion殖民擴(kuò)張

coloredfilter彩色濾光片

combine...with與…結(jié)合(化合)

comeacross遇至U

comedue到期

comeintobeing形成;產(chǎn)生

comeintoone\'sown進(jìn)入繁盛期

comeon得到;碰上;找到

cometo談到;提及

comeunderheavycriticism遭到嚴(yán)厲的批評

comeupon遇至ij

communicativecompetence交際能力

commutertrain市郊往返列車

competewith與…競爭

computerprogrammer電腦程序編制員

concentrationon注意力集中于

concernoneselfwith研究的對象是...

concernsover為...擔(dān)心(憂慮)

confersth.onsb.把…賜予(授予)

conformto遵守

consistof由…組成

continentaldrift大陸漂移(說)

continentalshelf大陸架

contraryto與...相反

contrastwith與…相比

convectioncurrent對流循環(huán)氣流

convectionzone對流層

o...把...轉(zhuǎn)換成

convexpolygon凸而多角形

copewith與…相適應(yīng)

corpuscallosum肌肌體

correspondto與??.相對應(yīng)

counton依賴

courseoffering課程設(shè)置

craftofpoetry詩歌技藝

creditsb.withsth.把…歸功于

crewmodules船員艙

criticalpoint臨界點(diǎn)

crouchvi.蹲;彎腰

curiohunter古董搜尋者

cutdown減少,肖ij減

dancetojazzmusic在爵士樂的伴奏下跳舞

datefrom追溯

dealwith處理;研究

dearesttoone\'sheart最喜歡的

decisionpoint決定點(diǎn)

DeclarationofIndependence《獨(dú)立宣言》

dedicateoneselfto把自己用于;賦予自己

defendoneselfagainst對…為自己辯護(hù)

deprivesb.ofsth.使…喪失;剝奪

derivedfrom來源于

descriptivestatistics描述統(tǒng)計學(xué)

desertlandscape沙漠地貌

despitetheodds盡管有極大的困難

developconfidenceinsb.對某人產(chǎn)生信任

devoidof沒有

devoteone\'sattentionto注意;重視

devoteoneselfto致力丁

diebreak鋼模損壞

diedown衰落

diehard難解掉;難消滅

dieout滅絕

digestivesystem消化系統(tǒng)

distinguish...from...

double-glazedpanel雙層玻璃板

draftplan草案

dripcup滴壺

drumskin鼓皮

ductgland有輸送管的腺;管腺

dueto由于;取決于

dustoff弄掉…灰塵

托福聽力特色詞匯匯編(連載二)

ornament(adornment;decoration)裝飾品

accessory附件;(婦女)裝飾品

jewelry珠寶

necklace項鏈

bracelet手鐲

ivory象牙

pearl珍珠

brooch胸針;領(lǐng)針

ring戒指

earring耳環(huán)

souvenir(reminder,token)紀(jì)念品

本文節(jié)選自邱政政《TOEFLiBT聽力新思維》

托福聽力特色詞匯匯編(連載三)

makeup(cosmetic)化妝品

perfume香水

1ipstick口紅

powder粉

cream臉油;護(hù)膚霜

razor剃刀

shampoo洗發(fā)劑

spray噴劑:噴霧劑

polish(指甲、鞋)油

shave刮胡子(毛發(fā))

本文節(jié)選自邱政政《TOEFLiBT聽力新思維》

托福聽力特色詞匯匯編(連載四)

面料圖案

wool羊毛:毛線

cotton棉制

harshchemicals刺激性化學(xué)物質(zhì)

polkadot帶圓點(diǎn)的

striped帶條紋的

plaid帶格子的

solid純色的

natural自然的

pure純的

托福聽力特色詞匯匯編(連載五)

咖啡類

coffee咖啡

blackcoffee不加伴侶的咖啡

whitecoffee加伴侶的咖啡(-?般加sugar,milk,orcream三種)

gourmetcoffee美食家咖啡

instantcoffee速溶咖啡

flavor咖啡嘗起來的味道

aroma咖啡聞起來的香味

coffeepot=coffeemaker咖啡壺

coffeeset=coffeeservice做咖啡的全套器具

microwaveoven微波爐

caffeine咖啡因

coffeebreak喝咖啡時的休息時間

本文節(jié)選自邱政政《TOEFLiBT聽力新思維》(實(shí)習(xí)編輯:顧萍)

托福聽力特色詞匯匯編(連載六)

乳品飲料類

drink二beverage飲料

water水

mineralwater礦泉水

naturalspringwater天然泉水

orangejuice橙汁

lemonade檸檬汁

cocktai1雞尾酒

bar酒吧

wine葡萄酒

liquor烈性酒

alcoholic含酒精的

dairy奶制品

butter黃油

cheese奶酪

cream奶油

icecream冰淇淋

yogurt酸奶

yeast(leaven;ferment)(名詞)酵母;(動詞)發(fā)酵

托福聽力特色詞匯匯編(連載七)

vegetarian素食

cereal(grain)谷類事物

flour面粉

bread面包

toast土司面包

bagel一種歐式面包

doughnut=donut甜面包圈

pastry面點(diǎn)心

fruit水果

salad色拉

oatmeal燕麥片

potatochips薯片

hamburger漢堡

hotdog熱狗

cake蛋糕

托福聽力特色詞匯匯編(連載八)

meat葷食

beef牛肉

(beef)steak牛排;魚排

groundbeef(hamburger)絞牛肉:牛肉醬

pork豬肉

mutton羊肉

poultry家禽

seafood海味

friedegg(sunny-sideup;over)荷包蛋(單煎一-面;煎兩面)

scrambledegg炒雞蛋

hamandeggs(bacon;sausage)火腿蛋(熏咸肉;香腸)

本文節(jié)選自邱政政《TOEFLiBT聽力新思維》(實(shí)習(xí)編輯:顧萍)

托福聽力特色詞匯匯編(連載九)

飲食評價類

名詞結(jié)構(gòu)類

nutrient營養(yǎng)(成分)

fat脂肪

protein蛋白質(zhì)

vitamin維生素

calorie卡(路里)

nutrition營養(yǎng)

dietiti

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