特殊句式三(There be句型+省略) 2022屆高考英語語法學生版

PAGE12022屆英語語法精講精練微專題（特殊句式三Therebe句型+省略）學生版考點清單五、Therebe句型要點精講1：Therebe句型的主謂一致Therebe句型表示“存在”概念，屬于倒裝句，there是引導(dǎo)詞，在句中不作任何成分。be動詞要和后面所跟名詞保持人稱和數(shù)的一致，遵循“就近一致”原則。例1：Thereisaknifeandtwopensinhispocket.他的口袋里有一把小刀和兩支鋼筆。例2：Therearetwopensandaknifeinhispocket.他的口袋里有兩支鋼筆和一把小刀?！炯磿r訓練】在空白處填括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1.There__________(be)amagazine,afewlettersandsomenewspapersonthetable.要點精講2：Therebe句型的時態(tài)Therebe句型的時態(tài)主要通過be動詞的變化來體現(xiàn)，時態(tài)比較靈活。be動詞前還可以加上can,may,must,oughtto,seemto等情態(tài)動詞或動詞短語。例3：Thereisnoharmintrying.不妨一試。例4：Therewillbeafinedaytomorrow.明天將是一個晴天。例5：Theremustbesomecakesonthetable.桌子上一定有些蛋糕。例6：Thereseemstobeanannouncementabouttheproject.關(guān)于這個項目似乎有一個通知?！炯磿r訓練】在空白處填1個適當?shù)膯卧~。2.Whatapity,mynewcomputerdoesn'twork.__________mustbesomethingwrongwithit.3.Let’sgetthroughtheworkquickly.__________seemstobelittletimeleftnow.要點精講3：Therebe句型的變式Therebe結(jié)構(gòu)中的be有時可用表示“存在”概念的動詞替代，使句子表達更生動、更形象。這些動詞有come,exist,follow,lie,live,remain,stand等。例7：OnceuponatimetherelivedakinginChina.從前中國有一個國王。例8：Thereliesasmallvillageinthemountain.山里有個小村子。例9：Thereexistmanyancienttemplesinthecountry.那個國家有很多古老的寺廟?！炯磿r訓練】在空白處填1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。4.__________appearedtobeawarbetweenhisheartandhismind.5.Johnopenedthedoor.There__________(stand)agirlhehadneverseenbefore.6.__________existedsomedoubtamongthestudentsastowhetheranEnglishteachershouldorganizeteachingtotallyinEnglish.要點精講4：Therebe句型用于反意疑問句Therebe句型用于反意疑問句，附加問句用there。例10：Therearealotoflettersinthemailbox,aren’tthere?郵筒里有很多信件，是嗎？例11：Therewillbeanewhospitalnearby,won’tthere?附近要建一家新醫(yī)院，是嗎？【即時訓練】在空白處填1個適當?shù)膯卧~。7.Thereislittledoubtinyourmindthatheisinnocent,is__________?要點精講5：Therebe句型與非謂語連用①therebe句型中謂語之外出現(xiàn)多個動詞應(yīng)考慮使用非謂語。主語與動詞是主動關(guān)系時,動詞用現(xiàn)在分詞形式；是被動關(guān)系時，動詞用過去分詞形式。②therebe后接不定式時常用主動形式表示被動意義；當該句型主語是something,anything,nothing等不定代詞時，后面的不定式用主動形式或被動形式，意義各不同。例12：Thereisapurselyingontheground.地上有一個錢包。例13：Therearefiveminutesleftnow.現(xiàn)在還有5分鐘。例14：Thereisnothingtodoatpresent.沒有事可做。例15：Thereisnothingtobedoneatpresent.沒有辦法(束手無策)?！炯磿r訓練】在空白處填括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。8.Althoughtherewerelotsofdifficulties__________(overcome),sheneverletherproblemsdefeather.要點精講6：Theretobe兩種用法①用于“動詞+there+tobe”句型，用作動詞的復(fù)合賓語。常見的動詞有：want,expect,hope,wish,wouldlike,prefer等。例16：Wouldyouliketheretobeapictureonthewall?你喜歡墻壁上掛一張畫嗎？例17：Iexpecttheretobegreatfuninthegame.我希望游戲中有很大的樂趣。②用于“Itis+adj.+for+there+tobe…”句型，構(gòu)成不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。例18：Itisimpossiblefortheretobeanymorechance.不可能在有機會了。例19：Itwastoolatefortheretobeanybuses.時間太晚，不會有汽車了?！炯磿r訓練】在空白處填括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。9.Wedon'twantthere__________(be)anystudentfallingbehind.10.Hesaiditwasimpossibleforthere__________(be)amistakeinacomputer’scalculation,soyoucanrelyonthat.要點精講7：Therebeing兩種用法①Therebeing用于獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語，相對于一個狀語從句。例20：Therebeingnothingtodo,wewenthome.因為沒有什么事要辦，我們就回家了。例21：Therebeingnobodyelseathand,Ihadtodoitbymyself.由于身邊沒有別人，我只得自己干了。②Therebeing用于某些動詞或介詞之后作賓語。常見的動詞有：deny,appreciate,mind,imagine,admit等。例22：Shedeniedtherebeinganymisunderstandingbetweenthem.她否認他們之間有任何誤會。例23：Ineverdreamedoftherebeingapictureonthewall.我從未想到墻壁上有幅畫?！炯磿r訓練】在空白處填括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。11.There__________(be)nocoffeeleft,theyhadtomakedowithtea.12.There__________(be)neithergasnorelectricityathome,wehadtogotothenearestrestauranttohavelunch.要點精講8：含Therebe…的高頻句型①Thereisnopoint/senseindoingsth.做某事沒有意義。②Thereisnodoubtthat...毫無疑問……。③Thereisnoneedforsb.todosth...某人沒有必要做某事。④Thereisnodifficulty/troubleindoingsth.做某事沒有困難。⑤Thereisnopossibilitythat…沒有可能……。⑥Thereisnodenyingthat…不容否認的是……。例24：Thereisnopointinhidingthetruthforthesakeoffriendship.

為了友誼而掩蓋真相也毫無意義。例25：There

is

no

denying

that

Chinaisplayinganimportantpartinthe

world.不可否認中國已在世界上占舉足輕重的地位?！炯磿r訓練】在空白處填1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。13.Thereisnodoubt__________itisunwisetodependcompletelyontheratingsinconsumption.14.OncehestartstalkingaboutChineseorforeignaffairs,ancientormodern,thereisno__________(stop)him.考點清單六、省略要點精講1：介詞的省略要點精講1：①省略介詞類動詞短語：spend/waste…(in)doing花費、浪費時間做某事；bebusy/occupied(in)doing忙于做某事；prevent/stop…(from)doing阻止某人做某事；haveahardtime(in)doing做某事有困難；havetrouble(in)doing做某事有困難；Thereisnopoints/sense(in)doing做……沒有用；havefun(in)doing做……開心。②另外，this,that,next,last后接時間名詞時，前邊省略介詞。例25：Sheisoccupiedlookingafter3children.她忙于照料3個孩子。例26：Thepolicehavebeentryingtopreventthemcarryingweapons.警方一直都設(shè)法阻止他們攜帶武器?！炯磿r訓練】用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當形式填空或單句改錯。15.Havingbeenillinbedfornearlyamonth,hehadahardtime________(pass)theexam.16.Accordingtoarecentsurvey,childrenspentupto25hoursaweek______(watch)TV.17.Youcan’timaginewhatahardtimeshehad__________(raise)thefourchildren.18.Infact,theyareplanningtovisitChinainnextyear.要點精講2：動詞不定式的省略①感官動詞和使役動詞接不定式作賓補時省略to；下列句型常省略不定式符號to：mayaswelldosth;hadbetterdo,donothingbutdosth;can’thelpbutdosth.Whynotsth?prefertodo…ratherthandosth,wouldratherdo…thando…等。例27：Wesawaboypassbyjustnow.剛才我們看見一個男孩經(jīng)過。例28：Whynotjoinusinthegame?為什么不和我們一塊玩游戲呢？【即時訓練】單句改錯。19.Thelibrarianwillletyoutoknowwhenthebookhasbeenreturned.20.IlostmykeysintheofficesoIcoulddonothingbuttowaitformymother.21.Theyhadnochoicebutsleepintheopenair.②在特定上下文中，為了避免重復(fù)，不定式可以省略但通常保留不定式符號to。例29：Ididn’twanttogothere,butIhadto.我不想去那里，但又不得不去?！炯磿r訓練】單句改錯。22.Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhimnottodo.23.—WillMrBrowncome,too?—Yes.Hepromised,buthehasn’tturnedupyet.要點精講3：狀語從句的省略①狀語從句含有itis或者主從句主語一致且含有be動詞時，省略主語和be動詞。②從屬連詞接現(xiàn)在分詞強調(diào)與句子主語之間的主動關(guān)系，用過去分詞強調(diào)二者之間被動關(guān)系。例30：Unless(itis)necessary,you’dbetternotrefertothedictionary.除非有必要，你最好不要查字典。例31：While(Iwas)walkingalongthestreet,Iheardmynamecalled.走在大街上我聽到有人叫我名字。例32：Theexhibitionismoreinterestingthan(itwas)expected.這個展覽比預(yù)計的有趣很多?！炯磿r訓練】在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~。24.Nochildshallbe,unless______________(accompany)byanadult,allowedoutoftheschoolduringtheday.25.Anyone,once__________(test)positivefornovelcorona-virus,willreceivefreemedicaltreatmentfromourgovernment.26.While__________(do)myhomeworkathome,Iheardmynamecalled.要點精講4：賓語從句中的省略①一個句子含有兩個賓語從句時，第一個that可以省略，第二個不能省略。例33：Ithink(that)heneedssomehelpandthatweshouldhelphim.我認為他需要幫助，我們應(yīng)該幫助他。②省略了一個賓語從句或從句的一部分，用so或not代替。例34：—Ishecomingbacktonight?今天晚上他要回來嗎？—Ithinkso.我認為是這樣的。例35：—Ishefeelingbettertoday?今天他覺得好點了嗎？—I’mafraidnot.恐怕沒有?！炯磿r訓練】在空白處填1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。27.—Doyouthinkit’sgoingtorainovertheweekend?—Idon’tbelieve_______.28.—Doyouthinkwe’lltellhimthebadnews?—Ofcourse,Ihope______.要點精講5：定語從句中的省略①在定語從句中，當先行詞在句中作賓語時，可省略關(guān)系代詞that/which/whom。例36：Thisisthebook(that/which)I’mlookingfor.這是我在尋找的那本書。例37：Theboy(who/whom)youaretalkingwithismyfriend.和你談話的那個男孩是我的朋友。②定語從句先行詞是theway并在從句充當方式狀語時，定語從句用inwhich或that引導(dǎo)，其中that可以省略。例38：Iappreciatetheway(that)sheorganizedthemeeting.我喜歡她組織這個會議的方法?！炯磿r訓練】在空白處填1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。29.Amongthemanydangerswhatsailorshavetoface,probablythegreatestofallisfog.30.Whatsurprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbutthewaywhichhesaidit.好題再練（一）模擬試題【即時訓練】在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~。1.Although________(beat)bytheoppositeteam,wedidn’tloseheartandencouragedeachother.

2.There(remain)acertaindoubtamongthepeopleastothepracticalvalueoftheproject.3.

Itisn’tcoldenoughforthere__________(be)afrosttonight,soIcanleaveJim’scaroutquitesafely.4.

__________(be)therenoair,therewouldbenolifeontheearth.5.__________happenedtobenooneinthebuildingwhenthefirebrokeout.6.

Weleftthemeeting,thereobviously__________(be)nopointinstaying.7.Theseflowerswilldieunless________(water)everyday.8.Though________(warn)ofthedanger,Jackstillwentswimminginthelake.9.Though________(lack)inconfidence,Tommadeeveryeffortandhisdreamcametrueatlast.10.Hestopp