淺析《紫顏色》中的黑人女性形象及西麗的心理蛻變

淺析《紫顏色》中的黑人女性形象及西麗的心理蛻變AnAnalysisoftheBlackFemaleImagesandCelie’sPsychologicalMetamorphosisinTheColorPurple

摘要愛麗絲·沃克是美國(guó)20世紀(jì)文學(xué)史上最有名的一個(gè)黑人女性作家。她不僅是一個(gè)小說家；詩(shī)人；散文家；還是一個(gè)評(píng)論家。并且她最擅長(zhǎng)描寫那種深受男權(quán)主義和種族主義壓迫的黑人女性?！蹲项伾酚?982出版，是20世紀(jì)重要的黑人女性文學(xué)作品之一，并且為愛麗絲·沃克贏得了美國(guó)文學(xué)最高獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)：美國(guó)國(guó)家圖書獎(jiǎng)；美國(guó)國(guó)家圖書評(píng)論獎(jiǎng)；普利策文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)。這本書描寫了四個(gè)性格迥異但命運(yùn)坎坷的黑人女性，在遭受男權(quán)主義欺壓的時(shí)候，她們?yōu)榱双@得自己應(yīng)有的權(quán)利而相互幫助。黑人女性之間的相互團(tuán)結(jié)在女權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)中扮演著重要的角色。而且主角西麗，在南帝；秀格和索菲亞這三個(gè)黑人女性的幫助下，克服重重困難，變成了一個(gè)自信；獨(dú)立和勇敢的黑人女性，并成為一個(gè)成功褲子制造商人。《紫顏色》，它的成功不僅在于敘述了一個(gè)動(dòng)人的故事，而且通過西麗的成長(zhǎng)和心路歷程，反映了幾代黑人女性走出種族岐視和男權(quán)壓迫雙重樊籬的經(jīng)歷，指出女性必須確立自我、相互支持才能維護(hù)自身精神世界的完整，成為一個(gè)充滿自信有尊嚴(yán)、有個(gè)性的人。女性應(yīng)該在團(tuán)結(jié)幫助中實(shí)現(xiàn)她自身的價(jià)值。關(guān)鍵詞：《紫顏色》；西麗；四個(gè)黑人女性形象；心路歷程 AbstractAliceWalkeristheoneoffamousblackwriterinAmericanLiteratureon20thcentury.sheisanovelist,poet,proseandcritic.Alsosheisaccomplishedinwritingtheblackwomanwhosufferingfromthemalelismandracism.TheColorPurplepublishedin1982isoneofimportantworkofblackfeministon20thcenturywhichmakesherwintheAmericanhighestprizes:TheNationalBookAward,theNationalBookcriticAward,thePulitzerPrize.Thebookdisplayfourill-fatedfemalecharacterswhosepersonalitiesaredifferent.Buttheysupportedeachothertofindtheirownlegalrightswhentheysufferedthebullyandoppressofthemaleauthority.Theunityofblackwomenplayanimportantroleinthewomen’sliberationmovement.AndtheprotagonistCelie,withthehelpandinfluencesofthreefemalesnamely,Nettie,ShugandSofia,toretrieveherselfanddignity,overcomesmanydifficulties,becomesaconfident,independentandcourageousblackwoman,andbeasuccessfulmanufactureroftrousers.TheColorPurple,Itssuccessnotonlyliesintellingamovingstory,butalsothroughthegrowthandpsychologicalmetamorphosisofCelia,itreflectsthehistoryofgenerationsofblackwomencomingoutofthedoublebarriersofracialdiscriminationandpatriarchaloppression,andpointsoutthatwomenmustestablishthemselves,supporteachothertomaintaintheintegrityoftheirspiritualworld,tobecomeawomanwithconfident,dignifiedandpersonality.Womenrealizeherownvaluewiththehelpeachother.KeyWords:TheColorPurple;Celie;theFourBlackFemalecharacters;PsychologicalMetamorphosis.IntroductionAliceWalkerisaninfluential,distinctiveblackwomanwriterintheUnitedStatesinrecentyears.ShewasbornintoapoortenantfamilyinGeorgiainthesouthernUnitedStates.Shegrewupinthe1960swhichduringtheupsurgeoftheblackAmericancivilrightsmovementforracialequality.Shewasactivelyinvolvedinthemassivecivilrightsmovementbothincollegeandaftercollege.Sheisalsoanactivistinthewomen'smovementintheUnitedStates.ShewastheeditoroftheMagazinethatwomen’smovement’smouthpiece.Herchildhoodlifeofpovertyandexperiencewithpoliticalmovementswerethesourceofherwork.Shealsogaveherastrongsenseofmissionandresponsibility."becauseIamblack,Iamawoman,becauseIgrewupinpoverty,"shesaid.BecauseI’masoutherner,andIseetheworldverydifferentlythanmanypeoplethinkoftheworld.Ihaveaveryradicalviewofsociety,andmyviewofthingscanhelppeopleunderstandwhatneedstobechanged.WhenIgrewupintheSouth,Ihadaverysharpsenseofinjustice,onebyone,veryquickly."Shemadethestruggleforracialequalityandtheliberationofwomenherlifelongcause.MostofherworkwassetinGeorgiaandruralMississippi,whichsheknewwellintheSouth,andbasedonherparents,relatives,friendsandneighbors,thecontentmainlyreflectstheloveandhateofblackwomen,especiallytheblackwomenwhoarebothoppressedbysocietyandblackmen,andtheirstruggleforself-liberationandintegrityofpersonality.TheColorPurpleisthestoryoftwosisters-oneamissionarytoAfricaandtheotherachildwifelivingintheSouth-whoremainloyaltooneanotheracrosstime,distance,andsilence.Beautifullyimaginedanddeeplycompassionate,thisclassicofAmericanliteratureisrichwithpassion,pain,inspiration,andanindomitableloveoflife.TheplotofTheColorPurpleisnotcomplicated.Thedatesofstoryarefromthebeginningofthe20thcenturytotheeveofWorldWarII.IttakesplaceinruralGeorgiainthesouthernUnitedStates.Celie,a14-year-oldblackgirl,wasrapedbyherstepfather.Sothatshehadtwochildren.Thesickmotherdiedwithoutknowingthetruth.Herchildrenweresnatchedawayfromherbyherstepfather.Andthenshewasforcedtomarryawidowerwhohadfourchildren.Notonlyshewasaffectedbytheoldwaysofthinkingandcustoms,butalsosheonlybemoanedherfate,andneverresisted,onlyconfidedinherheartinletterstoGod.Shehadnofeelingsforherhusband,anddidnotevenwanttocallhimabouthisname,justcallhimMr.__.Thekind-heartedCeliefoundthatbothherstepfatherandhusbandtheywerenotkindtohersister,Nettie,andhelpedherrunawayfromhome.Ontheotherhand,sheraisedherhusband’schildrenwithoutcomplaint.Whentheygotmarried,hereldestson,Harpo,wantedtobeatandscoldhiswifelikeherfather,butdaughter-in-lawSofiawasobstinate.andunwillingtobowdowntoherhusband,heleftHarperafterhavinghadseveralchildren.Celie’shusband’sformerlove,Shug,asinger,waslivinginthestreetwithaseriousillness.Mr.__tookherhome.UnderthecarefulcareofCelie,ShugandCeliebecameclosefriends.Shugshouldknowsherintelligencefully,fightagainstcaninemasculinity,andtaketheinitiativetofightfortherightsofwomen.HerinspirationbroadenedCelie’shorizons,Celiebegantolookattheworldwithherneweyestoconsiderproblems.Later,ShugfoundsoutthatCelie’shusbandhadkeptsecretlettersfromAfricafromNettieandkeptthemfromherknow.Celiewasanger,anddecidedtoleaveMr.__,andwenttoMemphiswithShug.Shewentoutofherfamilytolearnhowtosew,andbecomeaskillfultailor,andthenopenatailor'sshop,andbegantoleadanindependentlife.Celie’shusbandwasrealizedthemistakesofmalechauvinisminthepast,hemadeasincerereviewtoCelieandwasforgivenbyher.Theyarenolongerhusbandandwife,buttheybecameclosefriends.Celie’ssister,Nettie,wentouttotheblackpriestSamuel’shometowork.ThentheywenttoAfricatobepreachers.ShefoundthatonesonandonedaughterofthepastorwasthechildrenofCeliehadlost.TheSamuelfamilyhadahardtimelivinginAfrica.HiswifediedofmalariainAfrica.BritishcolonistsvandalizedthelandandvillagesofthelocalOlinkapeopleforplantingrubber.SamuelandNettierushedtoEnglandtocallthechurchforhelp.Buttheywereleftoutandinsulted.WhentheyreturnedtoAfrica,thelocalpeoplewereverydisappointedwiththem,defyingagainstwhitesinthedepthsoftheforest.NettiewasmarriedtoSamuel,shedeterminedtobringhersons,Adam,daughterOlivia,anddaughter-in-lawTahsibackhome.Theendofthenovelisattheendofthenovel.Celiawasreunitedwithhersisterandhersonanddaughtertoliveahappylife.2.AnAnalysisoftheBlackFemaleImages2.1Nettie:well-educatedmissionaryNettieisthebraveandkind-heartgirlwhoadoresthefreedomandhasdeeploveforstudying.She’sgrowthupwithhersisterCelie,theyareveryclose.NotlongafterCeliegotmarried,andNettieescapedhomeandgotolivewithCeliebecauseshealwaysharassedbyherstepfather.However,shejumpsoutthefirepitintotheother.Herbrother-in-lawharassherlikestepfather,butthistime,shechoosefight,andhurtshisheadinstruggle.Itcouldleadtoshowherthedoorbybrother-in-law.Broken-heartNettieleaveshersisterandgotoAfricawithmissionarytofindtherootofblackman.AndNettie’srealeducationbeganatthattime.Shestudiedeverythingdayandnight.Nettieknowaboutthepastofblackhumanbylearning.“IreadwheretheAfricanssoldusbecausetheylovedthemoneymorethantheirownsistersandbrothers.HowwecametoAmericainships.Howweweremadetowork.[TheColorPurple132]”“IthasbeenalongtimesinceIhadtimetotime.Butalways,nomatterwhatI'mdoing,Iamwritingtoyou.[TheColorPurple156]”InAfrica,NettiestillwritestohersisterCelie,andtellsCeliesometruthabouttheirstepfather,whereCelie’schildrentheywere.AndencouragesCelielearntofight.Nettieknowsthattheknowledgeisimportant.SoNettieimpartsknowledgetoOlinka’schildrenandbroadenstheirhorizons.Butdistressneverleaveheralong.Olinkatakesplacedisturbances.WhitepeoplecametoOlinkabuildtheroadsandplantations.Theyusedtheforcetobanishthenativefromtheirfertilelandandhome.NettiewantstohelptheOlinkas.ShecometoEnglishchurchtoseekhelpwiththemissionarySamuel.Buttheymeetwithtreatcoldly.AndthenthenativeswasdisappointedwhentheycamebackAfricawithnothing.AtthattimeNettiemakesadeterminationthatshecomebackAmericawithCelie’ssonAdam,daughter-in-lawTashianddaughterOliviatorejoinherdearestsisterCelie.2.2Sofia:rashwarriorSofiaisabraveandstrongblackwoman,shelovesherchildrenandfamilies.Sofiaalsoistheprotestofsexist,shewilluseherpowertoresistthemale-dominatedoppress.“AllmylifeIhadtofight.Ihadtofightmydaddy.Ihadtofightmybrothers.Ihadtofightmycousinsandmyuncle.Agirlchildain'tsafeinafamilyofmen.ButIneverthoughtI’dhavetofightinmyownhouse…ButI’llkillhimdeadbeforeIlethimbeatme.[Walker,1982:40]”WhenherhusbandHarpobeather,Sofiachoosestofightandleavehim.Andfindothermanwholovesandrespectsher.ButrashSofiacannotusesimpleresistthewayofviolencemustbemetbyviolencetochangetheoppressstateintheworldofsexistandracialdiscrimination.Onthecontrary,shegotthesetbackandfailure.Andherimpertinencesthrewherintheprisonbecauseshesassedthemayor’swifeandknockthemayordown.WhenthepolicearrestSofia.Shetalkstoherfriendtotakethechildrenhome.Shewantstoprotestthem.Inprison,Sofialostherfreeandfarawayfromherfamily.But,it’sworstthatSofiagettherevengeinprison.“WhenIseeSofiaIdon’tknowwhyshestillalive.Theycrackherskull,theycrackherribs.Theytearhernoseloosenooneside.Theyblindherinoneeye.Sheswolefromheadtofoot.Hertonguethesizeofmyarm,itstickouttweenherteeflikeapieceofrubber.[TheColorPurple88]”Theprisonlimitedherfreeandmadeherapartfromfamily,andsometimesshewouldgotmanyseverebeatingsinhere.ThenSofianeverpickedupthepiece,likeadeadperson.“OneminuteIwassayinghowdytoalivingwoman.Thenextminutenothinglivingwasthere.Onlyitsshape.[TheColorPurple131]”EvenifSofiacomestomayor’shometobeamaid,andfarawayfromthehorriblelife,butshestilllikesawalkingcorpseandrunningflesh--adead-aliveperson.ButwiththehelpofCelie,Sofiawalksoutthelowestpointinherlife.Sofiareturnstolifeafterdeath.NotonlyCelieencouragedSofiacameoutthetrouble,butalsohelpedhertotakecareofherchildren.AlsoSofiahassoftside,whenshegotthefreedomandthelifecamebackontherighttrack,notonlysheforgivenherhusbandandforgotthebadpastofHarpo,butalsoshecamebackhomeandrunabarwithHarpo,andlivedalifethattookcareofherhusbandandchildren.2.3Shug:rebellioussingerShug,asknowasthenameof‘Queenbee’isaglamorousblackwoman,andsingingBluesSong.Mostofmanareinfatuatedwithher,includingCelie’shusbandMr.Albert.ShughastheaspectofrebelldifferentfromSofia’sfight.ShehasindependenteconomicresourceandShugcansupportherself.It'smakeShugisnotattachedtoanyman,sheonlybelongstoher.WhenShuggotill.Andneedtorecuperate.ShugregardlessofthesecularvisionandlivewithAlbertwhohaswife,likeahostess.Butbad-temperedShugseeminglydis-appreciatedthehostMr.Albert,evenbeatandscoldMr.Albert.ButShughastheaspectofblandness,whenkindheartedCelieappearedinherlifeandtookcareofherineverypossibleway.Theygetalongwitheachother.AndShugfeelwarmfromCelieandknowCelieiskindandselflessnessblackwoman.So.ForappreciatingCelie’shelp,Shugwriteandsingasong,namely,“MissCelie’sSong”ShugisaperfectfeministinTheColorPurple.Actually,Shugisabisexuality.Shehasmanylovers,notonlyshelovesman,butalsoshelovesawoman--Celie.Butsheisanamorousblackwoman.“Celiesays:Myheartbroke.Shuglovesomebodyelse.[TheColorPurple251]”2.4Celie:frommuletoblackswanTheprotagonist,Celie,atthebeginningofthenovel,sheisablackwomanwhodidn’thaveherselfanddignity,likeamule,becausesheisapoorwomanwhohasnotreceivedgoodeducation.Andshethingsthatablackgirlshouldbesufferallsortofthings.Celieneverfightswhenshesufferedandpressuredbyherstepfatherandhusband.Evenherstepfatherinsultedherandselloffhersonanddaughter,herhusbandbeatherandhasamistress,alsosheneverfights.Evenifherpoorsisterwasdispossessedbyherhusband,andbecameafriendlesswoman.sheneverprevents.EvenifstrongSofiachallengedtheauthorityofherhusbandMr.__whentheymeetatthefirsttime,sheneverlike.NotonlyCeliedidnotunderstandingwhatSofiadose,butalsoshewasjealousofSofia,andCelieabettedHarpoinbeatingSofia.Evenifherhusband'smistressShuglivedattheirhome,shenevermind.Actually,CelieprayedaroleofmaidtotakecareofShug.WiththehelpofShug,encourageofNettie,influenceofSofia,Celieretrievesherselfandfindsthedignityfromherhusband.Itchingtobreakfree,shebrokendownthoseandsteppedoutintotheprisonoflife.LaboriousCelieusesherskillofsewtosupportherlife.andbecomesasuccessfulbusinesswoman.Tobeaindependentblackwomen.Attheendofbook,Celiehasrichexperiencesofsociety,notonlymakeshermoresociallyadaptable,butalsomakessheknowmoretraditionalcodeofconduct.Sosheforgavenwhatherhusbanddidinthepast.Andtheybecameclosefriendsnotamanandwife.foolCeliebecameagraceblackswan.3.Celie’spsychologicalmetamorphosis3.1ResignherselftoadversityAtthebeginningofthenovel,Celiewasaartlessandinnocentblackgirl,playedwithherbloodsisterNettie.However,adversityfallsonher.Attheageof14,youngCeliewasinsultedbyherstepfatherandgivesbirthtotwochildren.Buttwochildrenwerelootedbyherstepfather,whichdisappearwithoutatrace.Celielivesatthesituationoflosedignityandsocialcondition.Shehasnochoicebuttoenduretheabuseofher.Herstepfathertreatsherasasexualtooltosatehislust.hermotherwhoisadyingperson,whichthingsCelieisbadgirl,becauseshedosen’tknowthetruth.EvenpoorCeliecan’ttellanyoneabouthermisfortunebecauseherstepfatherthreatenher.“youbetternotnevertellnobodybutGod.It'dkillyourmammy.”(TheColorPurple.1.)Celiefollowsherstepfather’severywordlikeslambstotheslaughter.Andthen,CeliecontinuallywritestoGodabouthergrievanceandsufferings.Asthetimegoesby,herunfortunatesituationdoesn’tchangeatall.NotlongafterwardherstepfatherbetrothshertoAlbertwhoisawidowerwhichhasfourchildren.NotonlyCeliedoesn'tknowabouthim,butalsoshedoesn'tlovehim.ShejustcallhimMr.__.PiteousCelieresignsherselftoadversityforsurvival.Notonlyshedoesn’tfightwithoutability,butalsosheneverwanttofight.Becauseshethingsthatablackgirlbebulliedwasveryuniversal.whenMr.__cometoherhometochoosewife.Celie'sstepfathertreatsherasacattle.Bellowingather:“STANDUP”,“TURNROUND”.Celielikesadummyandsubmitsherselftoherstepfather'scommand.ButCelie’smarriedsituationneverchangeatall.Shejumpsoutthefirepitintotheother.Mr.__isarude,selfless,andlazyman.HeneverlovesCelie.Infact,hewantstogetmarrywithNettie,buthemeetwithrefuse.HegetsmarrywithCeliebecausehisservantunwillingtohelphimagain.heneedsahelper.ForMr.__,Celienotonlyisahousewiveswhopreparesameal,washesclothesandshowsconsiderationforfourchildren,butalsoisagoodfarmerinthefieldandsexualservantinthebed.Atthesametime,Mr.__hasamistress-ShugAvery,aBluessinger.HischildrenalsocrasslytreatCelie,inweddingdayofCelie,HerstepsonHarpoisa12-year-oldboy,picksupastoneandthrowatcelie’shead,andfreshbloodwasstreamingout.PoorCeliecoveredherheadwithherhandsandclammedup.Sometimes,childrenarecheerandshoutwhenCeliehacklestheirhair,butMr.__comesoverandbeatsherindiscriminately,andshejusthastogrinandbearit.AfterCeliegotmarriedwithMr.__,hersituationoflifeneverchange.Inhiseyes,Mr.__notonlylookuponCelieasprivateproperty,butalsoasavassal.HebeatandscoldCelieonly“causeshemywife.shestubborn.[TheColorPurple23]”ButCeliewasn’treact.becauseshewasaccustomedtothedisservicefromman.WhenMr.__waspreparedfordatewithmistress,Celiewaspreparedcarefullyalloutfitsforherhusbandwhichhissuit,shoes,pantsandkeys.TherearenotequalityandtherighttospeakforCelieinthemarriagebetweenherandMr.__.CeliewasusedtotherudeattitudethatMr.__willwarnherdoesnotgoout.Shechoosessubmitsandacceptstherealityinsteadofrebellion.WhenNettiecomestolivewithCelie.It'sapressuretimeinCelie'slife.Theydosomehouseworktogether,andNettieteachesnewwordtoCelieandteachesshehowtowrite.NettiesawwhatlifeCelielivein,andencouragesCelietofight.“Don’tletthemrunoveryou,Nettiesay,Yougottoletthemknowwhogottheupperhand.Theygotit,Isay.Butshekeepon,Yougottofight.Yougottofight.ButIdon'tknowhowtofight.AllIknowhowtodoisstayalive.[TheColorPurple17]”WhenMr.__shooedNettieoutoftheirhome.Celiestillchoosesubmitsandcry,andthenshedoesnothearNettieformanyyearsbecauseMr.__hidesallletterswrittenbyNettiefromAfrica.SoCeliethinksthatherdearestsisterisdead.3.2AwakeningandfightingWiththehelpofShugAvery,encourageofNettie,influenceofSofia,Celie’spsychologyandnaturehaschange,shereceivesherselfanddignity,sufferingsmaturedherunderstanding,andsheknowshowtofight.Celie’spsychologyhasgreatchangewithhelpofShugAvery.Atthebeginningofthenovel,ShugAveryisagimcrackBluessinger,andaselfishandarrogantwoman.ButshehasthequalitywhatCeliedoesnothave.ShugAveryisaconfident,beautifulandsexualblackwoman.But,it'sthemostimportantthatsheisindependent.ShugandCelieareblackwomen.ButtheyhavedifferencethatShugrefusestobowherheadtothemisfortune,andrejectsbeaservantofmen.Celie’spsychologyhasbegintochangewhenShugarrivedathome.Attheoutset,Mr.__bringshertohomebecauseshehasseriousdisease.Celieandherhusbandtakecareofhertogether.ThisisthefirsttimeCeliecooperateswithherhusbandtodoonething.Shug'sexistencechangethelifeofCelie.ShugwasappreciatedofCelie'shelp.Shetakesnoticeofcelie,andlovesher.ThisthebeginningofCelie'spsychology,ShugnotonlyhelpsCelietobeacquaintedwithherbody,especiallyherreproductiveorgans,ShugwassurprisedthatCeliedidnotknowaboutherbodyandtellhershestillavirgin,butalsohelpsCelietoraisesomeone’sconcern,shewritesasongforCelie,thenameofsongis“MissCelie’ssong”.“Firsttimesomebodymadesomethingandnameitafterme.[TheColorPurple74]”ThissongisplayingaimportantroleintheprocessofCelie’sself-knowledge.OtherwomanNettieisabloodsisterofCelie.Nettiepromiseswritetoher.ButsheleavesCelieforalongtimewithoutinformation.Celiethinksthatmaybeshewasdead.However,ShugcomestoCelie'shomeattheChristmasDay,ShugfindaletterwaswritefromAfricatoCelie.Nettiestillalive.UnderthehelpofShug,CeliefindsallletterswritebyNettie.Mr.__hidesthoselettersnearlythirtyyears.AndthediscoveryoflettershaveasignificantimpactforCelie'spsychologicaldevelopmentandreligiousbelief. ShehatesMr.__evenwantstokillhim.Atthattime.CeliehasasuspicionthatGodandherreligiousbeliefwhenshereadtheletterswritebyNettie.Fromthoseletters,Celienotonlyknowsaboutherfamilybackground,butalsoknowsaboutherchildrenandNettiearelivewellatAfrica.“Mydaddylynch.Mymothercrazy.Allmylittlehalf-brotherandsisternokidtome.Mychildrennotmysisterandbrother.Panotpa.[TheColorPurple178]”CeliedoesnotbelievetheAlmightyGod.AndinthelastletterwritetoGod,shesay:“Youmustbesleep.[TheColorPurple178]”“Idon'twritetoGodnomore.Iwritetoyou.[TheColorPurple193]”AndsheneverwritestoGod,andstartstowritingtohersisterNettie,althoughshedoesnotknowaboutlifeordeathofNettie.Atthattime,ShugnotonlyassistsCelietogetridofcrisisofreligiousbelief,butalsoassistsCelietoremoldanewCodinherheart. “Here’sthething,sayShug.ThethingisIbelieve.Godisinsideyouandyouinsideeverybodyelse.YoucomeintotheworldwithGod.Butonlythemthatsearchforitinsideyoufindit.itjustmanifestitselfevenifyounotlooking,ordon'tknowwhatyoulookingfor.[TheColorPurple196]”Inotherwords,peopleareabletofindthemosthopefullifewhentheyonlybelievethemselvesfirstofall.AndShugalsotellsCelieaboutnicenessoftheoutsideworld.Celieknowsnothingismostimportantthanloveinherlife,shelearnstoappreciatethebeautyoflife.It'sprepareforherawakeningofspirittogetridofthepressureofman.AnotherwomanSofiaisdaughter-in-lawofCelie,whichhasgreatinfluencetoCelie.Sheistallandstrong,frankandbraveblackwoman.Sofiachallengestheauthorityofherfatheranddoesnotlowerherheadtoanymen.ShesetsagoodexampleforCelie.Atthefirst,herbehaviouroffightchangethethoughtofCelie,broughtheranewWeltanschauungthattheauthorityofmendoesnotpowerfulanymoreinSofia'sfight.It'sanewwomen'ssurvivalsituationthatCelieneverseeandknow.Butinitially,CelieisnotacceptswhatSofiadoes,somuchsothatsheinstigateHarpotobeatSofia,andatthelast,shehelpsSofiatotakecareofherchildrenwhenSofiaintrouble.It'smeansthatCelie'sWeltanschauunghasbeenchanged,whichfromsubmittaltorebellion.It'sforeshadowsthefightofCelie.ButSofia’srashexperiencesgiveanewopiniontoCelie.Simpleandrashviolencenotonlycannotrebelthesexualdiscrimination,butalsocannotsolvethepracticalproblems.However,Sofia’sexperiencesmakeCelierethinkthesocietyaroundher,andreadjustpsychology,whichwaittherightmomenttofight.Nettie’slettersgiveCeliepowerandbravetofight.Celiemakesadecisiontoleavethisprisonnamelyhomeandnominalhusband.Atafamilyreunion,Celiebreaksthesilenceanddeclaresshewillleavethishousetofindnewlife.AngryCelienarratesthatshesuffersthepressureandfetterfromhusbandseveraltenyears.Herhusbandsatirizesher,“Whoyouthinkyouis?hesay.Youcan’tcursenobody.Lookatyou.Youblackyoupore,youugly,youawomanyounothingatall.[TheColorPurple209]”AndheattemptstoattackCelie,however,Celienolongsurrenderstohimandwrestleswithhim. “I'mpore.I'mblack,Imaybeuglyandcan'tcook,avoicesaytoeverythinglistening.ButI'mhere.[TheColorPurple210]”It'smeansthatsheisapersonstillalive,apersonwhocannotignore.Thisisadeclarationofindependencethatwomenhaveconfidence,dignityandindividuality.AndthenCelieleavesthehousewithSofiaandShug,whichbeginningthenewlife.3.3BeindependentPersonalindependencebaseoneconomicindependenceandspiritualindependence.Inatraditionalsociety,womenhavenochoicebuttorelyontheirhusbandbecausetheyhavenoeconomicsource.Theyhavenorighttomakeastatementonlytobetrappedinthehousetobeaslaveofthefamily.Undertheinfluenceofthreeblackwomen,Celieretrieveself-confidently,andherspiritisawakeningandmoreindependentthanbefore.TherearetowimportantpartsmakeCelie'seconomicindependence.Thefirstpartisshebecomeasuccessfultrousersmanufacturer,andthesecondpartisshegetstheinheritancefromherfather.WiththehelpofShug,CelietakesupresidenceatMemphis.sheextricatesherselffromMr.__andregainsfreedom.Celiewantstomakealivingonherway.ButCeliehasnothingtodo,shehastothinkabouthowtomakingaliving.Andthenshesetsouttomakepants,shestarttomakeapantforShug,Sofiaandsomeone.“Isitindinningroommakingpantsafterpants.Igotpantsnewineverycolorandsizeunderthesun.[TheColorPurple217]”Celiefoundsthatsheiscompetentwoman.MostofpeoplelikeCelie'spants,becauseCelieisaskilledtailorandmakebeautifulpants.AndthenCeliehasapatsshop--‘Folkspants,Unlimited’.Shebecomesasuccessfulbusinesswoman,andCeliedoesnotdependentonmen.andknowmoreknowledgeofsociety.Shealsofindsherownvalueandliberatesherselfinspirit.Succeedingherfather’sinheritanceisasymboloftheeconomicindependenceforCelie.Herbloodfatherisasuccessfulbusinessmanthathasland,ahouseandastore.Buthewaslynchedbythewhitepeoplebecauseofhisbusinessreason.Celiehasherownhouse.“Oh,Nettie,ushaveahouse!Ahousebigenoughforusandourchildren,foryourhusbandandShug.Nowyoucancomehomecauseyouhaveahometocome![TheColorPurple250]”FromthewordofCelie,weareawareofthehouseissosignificantoftwosisters--CelieandNettie.Thefeelingtoliveinthishouseofherownaredifferentfromlivinginthehouseofherstepfather’sandherhusband’s.Shehasnorightinotherhouse,butshecanbeamasterinherownhouseandfindssenseofbelonging.Therefore,havingahouseismeansthatCeliegainindependencewhetherintheeconomyorinthespirit.4.ConclusionAsweallknow,TheColorPurpleisthenovelofhighartisticlevel.Asablackwriter,AliceWalkerexposedtheracialoppressionandsexualdiscrimination.TheprotagonistCelie'sfatherwaslynchedbecausehisbusinessreason,andherdaughter-in-law,Sofianoton