浙江省麗水外國(guó)語實(shí)驗(yàn)學(xué)校2020-2021學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期第一次月考英語試題

麗外高中部2020學(xué)年第二學(xué)期第一次月考高二英語試卷本試卷分第I卷（選擇題）和第II卷（非選擇題）。滿分150分，時(shí)間120分鐘。第Ⅰ卷（選擇題）第一部分：聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.WhatwilltheweatherprobablybelikeonSundayafternoon?A.Sunny.B.Stormy.C.Cloudy.2.Whatisthemangoingtoread?A.Amagazine.B.Anewspaper.C.Anovel.3.Whatarethespeakersprobablydoing?A.Playingchess.B.Playingtennis.C.Playingtheviolin.4.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Joiningaclub.B.Makingsomefriends.C.Takingatrip.5.Wherewillthecareertalkbegiven?A.Intheclassroom.B.Inthehall.C.Inthelibrary.第二節(jié)：（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whydoesthemanetothewoman’shouse?A.Toofferhelp.B.Toaskforadvice.C.Toattendaparty.7.Whatcolorbagshouldthepapergoin?A.Green.B.Blue.C.Yellow.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whendidthefilmstart?A.At7:30.B.At7:45.C.At8:00.9.Howdoesthewomanfeelnow?A.Sorry.B.Angry.C.Glad.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Brotherandsister.B.Motherandson.C.Husbandandwife.11.WhydoesthemanrefusetogotothePizzaA.Itisexpensive.B.Itsfoodisbad.C.Ithasterriblemusic.12.Howwillthespeakersgototherestaurant?A.Bybike.B.Onfoot.C.Bytaxi.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.WhatkindofpersondotheBentonswant?A.Asportslover.B.Ananimallover.C.Acookinglover.14.WheredotheGrangerslive?A.Inthecity.B.Inthecountry.C.Onanisland.15.WhatdoweknowabouttheCampbells?A.Theykeephorses.B.Theyhaveacityflat.C.Theyliveinthesuburbs.16.Whichfamilyhasthemostchildren?A.TheBentons.B.TheGrangers.C.TheCampbells.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17HowmanyvehiclesdoestheValleyCarShareSchemehave?A.18.B.20.C.25.18.Howdoesthespeakerlikepeopletobookthecar?A.Bygoingtotheoffice.B.Bymakingacall.C.Bysendingatext.19.Wherearethecarskept?A.Infrontofthelibrary.B.Behindthebaseballfield.C.NexttotheOffice20.Howmuchistheannualmembershipfee?A.30dollars.B.50dollars.C.66dollars.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié)（共10小題；每小題2.5分，滿分25分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AMyfatherhaddiedwhenIwasyoung,soifIdidn’tacknowledgemymother’sbirthday,likelynoonewould.Onherbirthday,Idecidedtobakehersomecookies,takethemtoherhouseandleavethemwithalittlenoteforher.Butwhattowriteabout?MymotherandIhadnotalwaysbeenclose.Pouringoutwordsofloveseemedinsincere,buttherewereplentyofthingsIdidappreciate,soIwrotealetterexpressingmyappreciationforwhatshehadtaughtme.Shetaughtmetolivewithinourmeansandnottogointodebt.Shetaughtmethecolorofsomeone’sskinwasirrelevant.Shetaughtmehelpingothersinneedwasitsownreward.Shetaughtmetovaluetheelderly.Shetaughtmehowtoseetheshapesintheclouds.Shetaughtmetoappreciatethewaytheairsmelledafterarain.Havingfinishedtheletter,Isentthecookiesandthehandwrittenlettertomymother.Thatevening,shecalledandthankedme,sayingitwasawonderfulbirthdaypresent.Twoyearslater,shesufferedafatalheartattack.Whilecleaningoutherhouse,IcameacrossaphotocopyofthebirthdayletterIhadwrittentoherinthedrawerofthebedsidetableintheguestroom.Andthenroomafterroom,drawerafterdrawerrevealedmorephotocopiesofthesameletter.Therewasoneinthekitchendrawerandonetapedtotheinsideofthekitchencabinet.Ialsofoundoneinadrawerinbothbathrooms,anotherinthelivingroomandtwomoreinherbedroom.Finally,Iopenedthedrawerbesideherbed,whereIfoundanoldhandkerchiefandasIpulleditout,awrinkledpieceofpaperflutteredtothefloor.Itwastheoriginalbirthdayletter.Ithadbeensmoothedoverandoveragain.IrealizedatthatmomentthatthebestthingsIcouldhavegivenmymotherweren’treallythingsatall.1.Whatdidtheauthorlearnfromhermother?A.Liveahappyliferegardlessofhowmuchmoneyonehas.B.Weshouldtreatpeopleofdifferentskincolorsdifferently.C.Onecanberewardedalotofmoneywhenhelpingothers.D.It’sofgreatimportancetoexplorethebeautyofnature.2.Whilecleaningouthismother’shouse,theauthorprobablyfelt________.A.alarmedbutconvinced B.confusedbuthappyC.surprisedbuttouched D.puzzledbutinspired3.Whatdoestheauthormeanbysayingtheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraph?A.Whathermothervaluewasherlovenotthegiftitself.B.Sheshouldneverhavesentanypresenttohermother.C.Ofallthegiftsshehadgivenhermother,nothingwasbest.D.Nogiftwasbetterthanwhatshehadgivenhermother.【答案】1.D2.C3.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者發(fā)現(xiàn)媽媽把自己寫的信復(fù)印成很多份，放在家里的各個(gè)角落，發(fā)現(xiàn)此事后作者恍然大悟：媽媽珍惜的是作者對(duì)她的愛，而不是禮物本身?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Pouringoutwordsofloveseemedinsincere,buttherewereplentyofthingsIdidappreciate,soIwrotealetterexpressingmyappreciationforwhatshehadtaughtme.(向她傾訴愛意似乎不太真誠(chéng)，但我確實(shí)感激她的很多東西，所以我寫了一封信，對(duì)她教給我的東西表示感謝)”以及“Shetaughtmetoappreciatethewaytheairsmelledafterarain.(她教我如何看云的形狀。她教我欣賞雨后空氣的味道)”可推測(cè)，作者從媽媽那里學(xué)會(huì)了探索自然美麗的重要性，她因此而感激她。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Whilecleaningoutherhouse,IcameacrossaphotocopyofthebirthdayletterIhadwrittentoherinthedrawerofthebedsidetableintheguestroom.Andthenroomafterroom,drawerafterdrawerrevealedmorephotocopiesofthesameletter.Therewasoneinthekitchendrawerandonetapedtotheinsideofthekitchencabinet.Ialsofoundoneinadrawerinbothbathrooms,anotherinthelivingroomandtwomoreinherbedroom.(在打掃她的房子時(shí)，我在客房床頭柜的抽屜里發(fā)現(xiàn)了我給她寫的生日信的復(fù)印件。在一個(gè)又一個(gè)房間、一個(gè)又一個(gè)抽屜里，都發(fā)現(xiàn)了同一封信的更多復(fù)印件。有一個(gè)在廚房抽屜里，一個(gè)貼在廚房櫥柜里面。我還在兩間浴室的抽屜里都發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)，客廳里還有一個(gè)，臥室里還有兩個(gè))”以及最后一段中“Finally,Iopenedthedrawerbesideherbed,whereIfoundanoldhandkerchiefandasIpulleditout,awrinkledpieceofpaperflutteredtothefloor.Itwastheoriginalbirthdayletter.Ithadbeensmoothedoverandoveragain.(最后，我打開她床邊的抽屜，發(fā)現(xiàn)一塊舊手帕，當(dāng)我把它拉出來時(shí)，一張皺巴巴的紙撲通一聲落在地板上。這是最初的生日信。它被一遍又一遍地磨平了)”可推知，在打掃他母親的房子時(shí)，作者看到這么多生日信的復(fù)印件感到驚訝，最后又看到母親把那封最初的生日信都磨平了，可推測(cè)作者可能感到驚訝又感動(dòng)。故選C。【3題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。上文提到的作者的媽媽把信復(fù)印成很多份，放在家里的各個(gè)地方，再結(jié)合劃線句子“IrealizedatthatmomentthatthebestthingsIcouldhavegivenmymotherweren'treallythingsatall.(那一刻我意識(shí)到，我能給母親的最好的東西根本就不是那些真實(shí)存在的東西)”猜測(cè)，這句話的意思是：作者意識(shí)到，媽媽珍惜自己通過禮物向她表達(dá)的愛意，而非禮物本身。所以，媽媽才會(huì)把信復(fù)印成很多份，放在家里所有自己能看到的地方。即畫線句子意思是“她母親看重的是她的愛，而不是禮物本身”。故選A。BEnvironmentalgroupsandrockclimbersarealwaysatloggerheadsbecauseoftheeffectofrockclimbingontheenvironment.Therehavebeenmanyexamples,whereinrockclimbersareaccusedofgoingintonaturalreservesandtreatingtheanimals,plantsandrockstherebadly.However,withthechangingtimes,rockclimbersareconsciousandcarryoutminimalclimbing.Rockclimbershammerboltsonclimbingroutesandintheprocessdamagethenatureofrocks.Inaddition,climbingactivitiesalsohaveaneffectontheanimalsandplantssituatedneartheclimbingarea.Theplantsgrowingnearthebaseofrocksaretrampled,andtheanimalslivingintheclimbingareaareforcedoutoftheirplaces,wheneverhumansarearound.Forexample,duringthesummerclimbingseason,pregnantfemalesofanendangeredspeciesofsnakeliveinopenareaslikeroadsides,exposedwallsorrocks,wherethereislesscanopyclosureparedtoareasoccupiedbynonpregnantfemalesandmales.Accordingtoclimbers,theseopenareasareverysuitableforclimbingduringsummer.Manyrockclimbershaveunderstoodthesignificanceofwildlifeplantandanimalpreservationandrelatedissues,andthereforetakemeasurestoreduceeffectsonclimbingareas.Consideringtheeffectofclimbingactivitiesonnaturalreserves,variousnationalparksandwildlifeagencieshaveputforthcertainregulationsonclimbers.Thereareseasonalclosuresofclimbingareastoavoidillegalentranceofuninformedrockclimbers.Climbersarealwaysexpectedtosupportwildernesspreservation.Manyenvironmentalorganizationshavebeenformedtoprotecttheenvironmentandintheprocessdrawupcertainguidelinesforrockclimbers.Bothsideshaveetoamonunderstandingoftheeffectofrockclimbersonprotectedareas.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“atloggerheads”inParagraph1mean________.A.insupport B.indifficulty C.indisagreement D.inmunication5.WhyistheexampleofsnakesmentionedinParagraph2?A.Toshowhowspecialtheirlivinghabitsare. B.Toshowrockclimbingaffectstheirlives.C.Toshowclimbersareexposedtogreatdanger. D.Toshowhowtoavoidwildanimalsinsummer.6.Whatdoenvironmentalorganizationsdotopreservewilderness?A.Giveguidelinestorockclimbers. B.Accuseclimbersoftheirclimbing.C.Closesomesecurednaturalreserves. D.Encourageclimberstochooseopenareas.【答案】4.C5.B6.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了攀巖運(yùn)動(dòng)對(duì)環(huán)境的影響，環(huán)保組織和攀巖者經(jīng)常發(fā)生爭(zhēng)執(zhí)。然而，隨著時(shí)代的變遷，攀巖者會(huì)有意識(shí)地進(jìn)行最低限度的攀巖。文章還舉例說明了攀巖者對(duì)攀爬區(qū)域附近的動(dòng)物和植物產(chǎn)生影響。但是許多攀巖者了解到保護(hù)野生動(dòng)植物的重要性及相關(guān)問題，因此采取措施減少對(duì)攀巖區(qū)域的影響。為了保護(hù)環(huán)境，已經(jīng)成立了許多環(huán)境組織，并在這個(gè)過程中為攀巖者制定了一些指導(dǎo)方針。【4題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)后文“Therehavebeenmanyexamples,whereinrockclimbersareaccusedofgoingintonaturalreservesandtreatingtheanimals,plantsandrockstherebadly.(有很多這樣的例子，攀巖者被指控進(jìn)入自然保護(hù)區(qū)，對(duì)那里的動(dòng)物、植物和巖石進(jìn)行了惡劣的處理)”可知，由于攀巖運(yùn)動(dòng)對(duì)環(huán)境的影響，環(huán)保組織和攀巖者經(jīng)常有分歧。劃線短語意思為“有分歧”。A.insupport支持；B.indifficulty困難；C.indisagreement有分歧；D.inmunication交流。故選C。【5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Theplantsgrowingnearthebaseofrocksaretrampled,andtheanimalslivingintheclimbingareaareforcedoutoftheirplaces,wheneverhumansarearound.Forexample,duringthesummerclimbingseason,pregnantfemalesofanendangeredspeciesofsnakeliveinopenareaslikeroadsides,exposedwallsorrocks,wherethereislesscanopyclosureparedtoareasoccupiedbynonpregnantfemalesandmales.Accordingtoclimbers,theseopenareasareveryftforclimbingduringsummer.(生長(zhǎng)在巖石底部附近的植物被踐踏，每當(dāng)有人類在附近時(shí)，生活在攀登區(qū)域的動(dòng)物就被迫離開它們的地方。例如，在夏季攀爬季節(jié)，一種瀕臨滅絕的蛇類的懷孕雌蛇生活在路邊、裸露的墻壁或巖石等開放區(qū)域，與非懷孕雌蛇和雄蛇所占據(jù)的區(qū)域相比，這里的樹冠郁閉程度較低。據(jù)攀巖者說，在夏季，這些開闊地帶非常適合攀巖)”可推知，第二段中提到蛇的例子是為了表明攀巖對(duì)蛇的影響。故選B。【6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Manyenvironmentalorganizationshavebeenformedtoprotecttheenvironmentandintheprocessdrawupcertainguidelinesforrockclimbers.(為了保護(hù)環(huán)境，已經(jīng)成立了許多環(huán)境組織，并在這個(gè)過程中為攀巖者制定了一些指導(dǎo)方針)”可知，環(huán)保組織為保護(hù)荒野為攀巖者提供指導(dǎo)。故選A。Cpassionandloveareconceptsthatareoftenthoughttobefeltbyhumansonly.Asthemostintelligentcreaturestoeverwalktheearth,wetendtoassumethatwearetheonlyoneswhocanfeelemotions.Weforgetthatthespeechlessbeingswholiveherewithus—animals—alsohavethesamecapability.DuringacoldnightinOntario,Whensheapproachedthepet,shediscoveredthatshewasn'talone—shewascuddlingfiveorphanedblackkittenstokeepthemwarm.Thedogsurelycouldhavefoundasaferplacetostayforthenight,butshechoseinsteadtohelpnotjustherselfbutotherstrayanimalsaswell.TheGoodSamaritancalledPetandWildlifeRescueandananimalcontrolofficerpickedthemup.Whentheygottotheshelter,itwasapparentthataclosebondhadalreadybeenformedbetweenthedogandtheorphanedkittens.ThestaffdecidedtonamethekinddogSerenityinhonorofherselflessact.“It'strulyheartwarming!”ashelterspokespersontoldTheDodo."Ithadbeenaverycoldnightsothesekittenswouldhavehadaveryhardtimesurviving.”Asidefromrequiringtreatmentforwormandfleainfectionstheorphanedkittensarenowsafe.Justlikeaproudanddotingmother,Serenityinsistedoncheckingonherbabiesregularlytooverseetheirprogress.Thegoodnewsisthatthekittensarenowlivingwithafosterfamilywhowillcareforthemuntiltheyareoldenoughtobeadopted.Serenity,ontheotherhand,isstilllookingforafamily.Accordingtotheshelter,sheloveszoomingaroundintheyardandisbigonplaying.Sheisalsoquitejumpy,soshewoulddobestinahomewithoutsmallchildren.7.Whatdidthepasserbyseeontheroad?A.Adogcurledupinthesnow.B.Fivekittenswereinthesnowalone.C.AdogfoundasafeplacetostayfortheD.Adogwaswarmingfivekittensinthesnow.night.8Whatdoestheunderlinedword"she"inparagraph3referto?A.Thepasserby. B.Thespokesperson.C.Thekitten. D.Thedog.9.WhereisthedogSerenitynow?A.Beingadoptedbyafamily. B.Livingintheshelter.C.Stayingwiththekittens. D.Playingwithsomechildren.10.Whatcanwedrawfromthestory?A.Animalshavethesamecapabilitywithhumans.B.Asadendcanbeturnedintoapositiveone.C.Animalsandhumansshouldliveinharmony.D.Animalscanfeelpassionandlovelikehumans.【答案】7.D8.D9.B10.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。主要記敘了在加拿大安大略省的一個(gè)寒冷的夜晚，路人在路上看到了一只狗在雪地里給五只小貓取暖的故事。這只狗本來可以找到一個(gè)更安全的地方過夜，但她選擇不僅幫助自己，也幫助其他流浪動(dòng)物。讓人感悟到動(dòng)物可以和人一樣感受到同情和愛?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Whensheapproachedthepup,shediscoveredthatshewasn’taloneshewascuddlingfiveorphanedblackkittenstokeepthemwarm.(當(dāng)她走近這只小狗時(shí)，她發(fā)現(xiàn)自己并不孤單——她依偎著五只失去父母的黑貓寶寶給它們?nèi)∨?”可知，路人在路上看到了一只狗在雪地里給五只小貓取暖。故選D?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)后文“wascuddlingfiveorphanedblackkittenstokeepthemwarm.”可知路人走近這只小狗時(shí)，她發(fā)現(xiàn)自己并不孤單——她（狗）依偎著五只失去父母的黑貓寶寶給它們?nèi)∨Ｓ纱丝芍?，she此處指的是給小貓取暖的狗。故選D。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Serenity,ontheotherhand,isstilllookingforafamily.(另一方面，Serenity仍在尋找一個(gè)家庭)”可推知，小狗Serenity現(xiàn)在住在收容所里。故選B。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“passionandloveareconceptsthatareoftenthoughttobefeltbyhumansonly.Asthemostintelligentcreaturestoeverwalktheearth,wetendtoassumethatwearetheonlyoneswhocanfeelemotions.Weforgetthatthespeechlessbeingswholiveherewithusanimalsalsohavethesamecapability.(同情和愛通常被認(rèn)為是只有人類才能感受到的概念。作為地球上有史以來最聰明的生物，我們往往認(rèn)為自己是唯一能感知情感的人。我們忘記了與我們生活在一起的無語的生靈——?jiǎng)游铩灿型瑯拥哪芰?”結(jié)合文章主要講述了小狗Serenity被路人發(fā)現(xiàn)給五只失去父母的黑貓寶寶取暖的故事，可推知，我們能從這個(gè)故事中了解到動(dòng)物可以像人類一樣感受到同情和愛。故選A。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Isittimetoditchsugar?It’snosecretthatsugarcancauseissuesifyou’reindulging(放任)inalittletoomuchofthesweetstuff.Still,mostAmericansareeatingtoomuchsugar.Theharmfuleffectsitcanhaveonyourphysicalhealtharewellstudied.____11____.SugarcanaffectyourmoodYouprobablyturntoadoughnut(甜甜圈)orsodaforanextraboostduringalongday.Yetsugarmaynotbesuchapositivepickmeupafterall.Recentresearchindicatesthatsugarytreatshavenopositiveeffectonmood.____12____.Onestudypublishedin2017foundthatconsumingadiethighinsugarcanincreasethechancesofmooddisorders.Amorerecent2019studyfoundthatregularconsumptionofsaturatedfats(飽和脂肪)andaddedsugarswererelatedtohigherfeelingsofanxietyinadultsoverage60.____13____It’shardtoavoidreachingforfortfoods,especiallyafteradifficultday.Butthecycleofconsumingsugartomanageyouremotionsmayonlymakeyourfeelingsofsadness,tiredness,orhopelessnessworse.Multiplestudieshavefoundalinkbetweendietshighinsugaranddepression.____14____.Thesecanleadtodepressionandmayevenincreasethelongtermriskofdevelopingamentalhealthdisorderinsomepeople.SugardestroysyourbrainpowerEmergingresearchhasfoundthatdietshighinsugarcandamagecognitivefunctioning,evenintheabsenceofextremeweightgainortoomuchenergyintake.A2015studyfoundthatconsuminghighlevelsofsugarsweeteneddrinksmadeneurocognitivefunctionslikedecisionmakingandmemoryworse.____15____.Butamorerecentstudyfoundthathealthyvolunteersintheir20sscoredworseonmemorytestsandhadpoorerappetitecontrolafterjust7daysofeatingadiethighinsaturatedfatandaddedsugars.Althoughmorestudiesareneededtosolidifytheeffectsonmentalhealthofsugarconsumption,it’simportanttoconsiderhowdietcanaffectyourwellbeing.A.SugarcanweakenyourabilitytodealwithstressB.Granted,theresearchwasdoneonratsC.OverconsumptionofsugartriggersimbalancesincertainbrainchemicalsD.SugarcanincreaseyourriskfordevelopingdepressionE.Infact,sugarmayhavetheoppositeeffectovertimeF.However,theeffectonmentalhealthisworthtakingasecondlookG.Ifyou’redyingforsweets,here’swhattoeatinstead【答案】11.F12.E13.D14.C15.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了糖對(duì)心理健康的壞處。【11題詳解】上文“Theharmfuleffectsitcanhaveonyourphysicalhealtharewellstudied.”說糖對(duì)你身體健康的有害影響已經(jīng)被充分研究了，再由下文小標(biāo)題“Sugarcanaffectyourmood”（糖會(huì)影響你的情緒）和“Sugardestroysyourbrainpower”（糖會(huì)破壞你的腦力）以及糖對(duì)心理的影響可知，文章主要講糖對(duì)心理健康的影響，此處引出下文并與上文形成轉(zhuǎn)折，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“然而，對(duì)心理健康的影響值得再看一眼”切題。故選F項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】由小標(biāo)題“Sugarcanaffectyourmood”（糖會(huì)影響你的情緒）、前兩句“Yetsugarmaynotbesuchapositivepickmeupafterall.Recentresearchindicatesthatsugarytreatshavenopositiveeffectonmood.”（然而，糖可能并不是一個(gè)積極的提神劑。最近的研究表明，甜食對(duì)情緒沒有積極影響。）和第三段首句“Onestudypublishedin2017foundthatconsumingadiethighinsugarcanincreasethechancesofmooddisorders.”（2017年發(fā)表的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，食用高糖飲食會(huì)增加心境障礙的幾率。）可知，糖會(huì)影響人的情緒，對(duì)情緒沒有積極影響，高糖還會(huì)增加心境障礙的幾率，說明糖對(duì)情緒的影響是消極的，承接上下文，E選項(xiàng)“事實(shí)上，隨著時(shí)間的推移，糖可能會(huì)產(chǎn)生相反的效果”切題。故選E項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】此處選擇小標(biāo)題，由第四段“It’shardtoavoidreachingforfortfoods,especiallyafteradifficultday.Butthecycleofconsumingsugartomanageyouremotionsmayonlymakeyourfeelingsofsadness,tiredness,orhopelessnessworse.Multiplestudieshavefoundalinkbetweendietshighinsugaranddepression.”（很難避免去吃舒適的食物，尤其是在經(jīng)歷難熬的一天之后。但是，用糖來控制情緒的循環(huán)只會(huì)讓你的悲傷、疲倦或絕望的感覺更糟。多項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，高糖飲食與抑郁癥之間存在聯(lián)系。）可知，用糖來控制抑郁情緒只會(huì)更糟，高糖飲食與抑郁癥之間存在聯(lián)系，說明糖會(huì)增加抑郁癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，D選項(xiàng)“糖會(huì)增加你患抑郁癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)”能概括本段內(nèi)容。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】由下一句“Thesecanleadtodepressionandmayevenincreasethelongtermriskofdevelopingamentalhealthdisorderinsomepeople.”（這些都會(huì)導(dǎo)致抑郁，甚至可能增加一些人患精神疾病的長(zhǎng)期風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。）可知，本段在分析糖會(huì)增加抑郁癥風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的原因，該空填寫內(nèi)容應(yīng)與其原因相關(guān)，銜接下文，C選項(xiàng)“過度消耗糖會(huì)引發(fā)某些大腦化學(xué)物質(zhì)的失衡”切題。故選C項(xiàng)。【15題詳解】由上一句“A2015studyfoundthatconsuminghighlevelsofsugarsweeteneddrinksmadeneurocognitivefunctionslikedecisionmakingandmemoryworse.”（2015年的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，攝入高水平的含糖飲料會(huì)使決策和記憶等神經(jīng)認(rèn)知功能惡化。）可知，B選項(xiàng)中的“theresearch”對(duì)應(yīng)上一句中的“A2015study”，該空是對(duì)上一句研究結(jié)果的肯定，表明此處研究結(jié)果真實(shí)可靠，承接上文，B選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)然，這項(xiàng)研究是在老鼠身上進(jìn)行的”切題。故選B項(xiàng)。第三部分：語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)：完形填空（共20小題;每小題1.5分,滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。YoumayhaveheardofOsceolaMcCarty,whoworkedfor75yearsasawasherwoman.Aftersheretired,shewenttothebankand___16___surprisedly,thathersmallmonthlysavingshad___17___toover$150,000.Shedonated$150,000totheUSMforascholarship(獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金)fundforstudentswithfinancial___18___.WhatyouhavenotheardishowOsceola'sgifthas___19___mylife.Iwasa___20___studentandIhadmyheartsetongoingtoUSM.ButI______aregularscholarshipbyonepointonmyentranceexams,andascholarshipwastheonlywayIcouldattend.OneSunday,I____22____thestoryaboutOsceolaandhergenerous___23___inthenewspaper,andwenttothefinancialaidofficeandbecamethefirst___24___ofanOsceolaScholarship.Ifirst____25____Osceolaatapressconference—meetingherwaslikefindingfamily.Osceola_____26_____marriedandlivedalone,somyfamilyhassincebeeherfamily.Mygrandmaandshetalk____27____onthephoneandshe____28____usinfamilygatherings.ItwasamazingthatIusedtocyclerightbya____29____everydayonmywaytoschoolandIdidnoticehoweverythingwascleanandneatthere,butIdidn'tknowit____30____tobewhereshelived.Osceolagavememuchmorethanascholarship.Shetaughtmeaboutthegiftof____31____.Sheworkedherwholelifeandgavetoothers,whichreacheddeepinsideofmeandfueledmy____32____togivebackwhenIcan.EventuallyIplantoaddtoherscholarshipfund.IwanttogiveOsceolathe____33____she'salwayswanted,soI'veadoptedherasanothergrandma.AndwhenIgraduatefromUSM,she'llbesittingintheaudience____34____mymotherandmygrandmother—rightwhereshe____35____.16.A.believed B.discovered C.checked D.collected17.A.grown B.arrived C.reduced D.lost18.A.interest B.support C.need D.limit19.A.meant B.served C.affected D.infected20.A.curious B.worried C.concerned D.devoted.A.missed B.got C.ignored D.wasted22.A.gotacross B.cameacross C.wentacross D.lookedacross23.A.donation B.money C.reputation D.message24.A.user B.helper C.learner D.receiver25.A.found B.knew C.saw D.got26.A.ever B.never C.once D.just27.A.randomly B.fluently C.suddenly D.regularly28.A.joins B.attends C.contacts D.touches29.A.restaurant B.house C.library D.shop30.A.appeared B.seemed C.occurred D.happened31.A.doing B.working C.giving D.helping32.A.conclusion B.preparation C.attention D.passion33.A.position B.fund C.family D.job34.A.around B.between C.above D.under35.A.belongs B.lives C.excepts D.hates【答案】16.B17.A18.C19.C20.D.A22.B23.A24.D25.C26.B27.D28.A29.B30.D31.C32.D33.C34.B35.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了OsceolaMcCarty老太太將一生的積蓄捐給了南密西西比州大學(xué)做獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金，作者有幸成為該獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金的第一名獲得者。但是，Osceola給予作者的遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過了一筆獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。從她那里，作者學(xué)到了奉獻(xiàn)的可貴?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：退休后，她去了銀行，驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)，她每月的小額存款已增長(zhǎng)到15萬美元以上。A.believed相信；B.discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)；C.checked檢查；D.collected收集。由上文的“OsceolaMcCarty,whoworkedfor75yearsasawasherwoman.Aftersheretired”和下文的“hersmallmonthlysavingshad___2___toover$150,000”可知，退休的洗衣女工Osceola去了銀行，驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)自己每月小額存款已經(jīng)增長(zhǎng)到15萬美元以上。故選B項(xiàng)。17題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：退休后，她去了銀行，驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)，她每月的小額存款已增長(zhǎng)到15萬美元以上。A.grown增加；B.arrived到達(dá)；C.reduced減少；D.lost失去。由上文語境可知，75歲的Osceola退休了，去銀行看存款，這么多年過去，她每月的小額存款隨著時(shí)間的變長(zhǎng)，在銀行存的錢也會(huì)增長(zhǎng)為大數(shù)字（15萬美元以上）。故選A項(xiàng)。【18題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她向USM捐贈(zèng)了15萬美元，為有經(jīng)濟(jì)需要的學(xué)生設(shè)立獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金基金。A.interest興趣；B.support支持；C.need需要；D.limit限制。由常識(shí)和下文的“thefinancialaidoffice”可知，獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金應(yīng)該是為有經(jīng)濟(jì)需要的學(xué)生設(shè)立的，幫助他們上學(xué)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：你沒有聽過Osceola的禮物是如何影響我的生活的。A.meant意味著；B.served服務(wù)；C.affected影響；D.infected感染。由下文語境可知，作者靠Osceola的獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金才得以上大學(xué)，因此她的獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金對(duì)作者的影響很大。故選C項(xiàng)。【20題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我是一個(gè)專注的學(xué)生，我一心想去USM。A.curious好奇的；B.worried擔(dān)憂的；C.concerned憂慮的；D.devoted專注的、忠誠(chéng)的。由下文的“IhadmyheartsetongoingtoUSM”可知，作者一心想去USM，說明作者是一個(gè)對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)忠誠(chéng)、專注的人。故選D項(xiàng)。【題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但是在入學(xué)考試中，我以一分之差錯(cuò)過了常規(guī)獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金，而獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金是我唯一能上學(xué)的方式。A.missed錯(cuò)失；B.got得到；C.ignored忽視；D.wasted浪費(fèi)。由下文語境可知，獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金是作者唯一能上大學(xué)的方式，作者之后靠Osceola的獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金才得以上大學(xué)，說明作者以一分之差錯(cuò)過了常規(guī)獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。故選A項(xiàng)。【22題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：一個(gè)星期天，我在報(bào)紙上看到了Osceola和她慷慨捐贈(zèng)的故事，我去了財(cái)政援助辦公室，成為第一個(gè)獲得Osceola獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金的人。A.gotacross（使）被理解；B.cameacross偶然遇見；C.wentacross穿過；D.lookedacross眺望。由上文的“OneSunday”和下文的“thestoryaboutOsceolaandhergenerous___8___inthenewspaper”可知，作者在一個(gè)星期天，在報(bào)紙上偶然看見了關(guān)于Osceola和她慷慨捐贈(zèng)的報(bào)道。故選B項(xiàng)。【23題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一個(gè)星期天，我在報(bào)紙上看到了Osceola和她慷慨捐贈(zèng)的故事，我去了財(cái)政援助辦公室，成為第一個(gè)獲得Osceola獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金的人。A.donation捐贈(zèng)；B.money錢；C.reputation名聲；D.message信息。由上文的“Shedonated$150,000totheUSMforascholarship(獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金)fundforstudentswithfinancial___3___”可知，Osceola向USM捐贈(zèng)了15萬美元，為有經(jīng)濟(jì)需要的學(xué)生設(shè)立獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金基金，因此此處指Osceola的慷慨捐贈(zèng)。故選A項(xiàng)。【24題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一個(gè)星期天，我在報(bào)紙上看到了Osceola和她慷慨捐贈(zèng)的故事，我去了財(cái)政援助辦公室，成為第一個(gè)獲得Osceola獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金的人。A.user用戶；B.helper幫助者；C.learner學(xué)習(xí)者；D.receiver接受者。由上文語境可知，作者以一分之差錯(cuò)過了常規(guī)獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金，所以去了財(cái)政援助辦公室（申請(qǐng)Osceola獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金），因此作者成為第一個(gè)獲得/接受Osceola獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金的人。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我第一次見到Osceola是在一次記者招待會(huì)上，看到她就像看到家人一樣。A.found發(fā)現(xiàn)；B.knew知道；C.saw看見；D.got得到。由下文的“meetingher”可知，作者在記者招待會(huì)上見到了Osceola。故選C項(xiàng)。【26題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：Osceola從來沒有結(jié)過婚，一個(gè)人住，所以我的家人從此成了她的家人。A.ever曾經(jīng)；B.never從未；C.once曾經(jīng)；D.just僅僅。由下文的“l(fā)ivedalone,somyfamilyhassincebeeherfamily”可知，Osceola獨(dú)自生活，作者他們又是她唯一的家人，可得出Osceola從來沒有結(jié)過婚。故選B項(xiàng)。【27題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我奶奶和她經(jīng)常通，她和我們一起參加家庭聚會(huì)。A.randomly隨意；B.fluently流利地；C.suddenly突然地；D.regularly經(jīng)常。由上文的“somyfamilyhassincebeeherfamily”可知，作者的家人從此成了Osceola的家人，作為家人自然會(huì)經(jīng)常通。故選D項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我奶奶和她經(jīng)常通，她和我們一起參加家庭聚會(huì)。A.joins加入；B.attends照顧；C.contacts聯(lián)系；D.touches觸摸。由上文的“somyfamilyhassincebeeherfamily”和下文的“usinfamilygatherings”可知，作者的家人從此成了Osceola的家人，作為家庭成員，Osceola自然會(huì)參加家庭聚會(huì)。故選A項(xiàng)。【29題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我曾經(jīng)每天在上學(xué)的路上騎自行車經(jīng)過一所房子，我注意到那里的一切都很干凈整潔，但我不知道她住的地方正好是那里。A.restaurant餐館；B.house房子；C.library圖書館；D.shop商店。由下文的“whereshelived”可知，作者每天騎自行車路過Osceola的家/房子。故選B項(xiàng)。【30題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我曾經(jīng)每天在上學(xué)的路上騎自行車經(jīng)過一所房子，我注意到那里的一切都很干凈整潔，但我不知道她住的地方正好是那里。A.appeared出現(xiàn)；B.seemed似乎；C.occurred發(fā)生；D.happened碰巧、恰好。由本處語境可知，盡管作者每天騎自行車路過Osceola的家，但作者對(duì)此一無所知，并不知道這座房子碰巧就是她的。故選D項(xiàng)。【31題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她教我如何給予。A.doing做；B.working工作；C.giving給予；D.helping幫助。由下文的“Sheworkedherwholelifeandgavetoothers”和“my___17___togivebackwhenIcan”可知，Osceola一生都在給予、奉獻(xiàn)，作者也想在力所能及的時(shí)候回饋他人，所以作者從Osceola身上學(xué)到了“給予”的品質(zhì)。故選C項(xiàng)。【32題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她一生都在努力工作，為別人付出，這深深地觸動(dòng)了我內(nèi)心深處的熱情，激發(fā)了我在力所能及的時(shí)候回饋他人的熱情。A.conclusion結(jié)論；B.preparation準(zhǔn)備；C.attention注意力；D.passion熱情。由本處語境可知，Osceola樂于奉獻(xiàn)的一生點(diǎn)燃了作者回報(bào)社會(huì)的熱情。故選D項(xiàng)。【33題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我想給Osceola一個(gè)她一直想要的家庭，所以我認(rèn)她作我另一個(gè)祖母。A.position位置；B.fund基金；C.family家庭；D.job工作。由上文語境和下文的“soI'veadoptedherasanothergrandma”可知，Osceola一生未婚，作者又認(rèn)了她為祖母，可得出作者給了她一直想要的家庭。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我從USM畢業(yè)時(shí)，她將坐在我母親和祖母之間的觀眾席上——就在她屬于的地方。A.around周圍；B.between在……之間；C.above在……之上；D.under在……之下。由上文語境和下文的“mymotherandmygrandmother”可知，作者認(rèn)了Osceola為祖母，作為家人，她也可以出席作者的畢業(yè)典禮，所以坐在作者母親和祖母之間。故選B項(xiàng)。【35題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我從USM畢業(yè)時(shí)，她將坐在我母親和祖母之間的觀眾席上——就在她屬于的地方。A.belongs屬于；B.lives生活；C.excepts期望；D.hates討厭。由上文語境和下文的“mymotherandmygrandmother”可知，作者認(rèn)了Osceola為祖母，作為家人，她也可以出席作者的畢業(yè)典禮，坐在作者母親和祖母之間，說明她有了屬于自己的位置。故選A項(xiàng)。第II卷非選擇題部分第三部分：語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第二節(jié)：語法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Upto82percentofchildrenwithhealthymothersarenoteasytobeobese（肥胖的）,accordingtoresearch.Amother,____36____hasahealthyweight,exercisesregularly,eatsahealthydiet,doesn’tsmokeandonly____37____(drink)wineinmoderation,issignificantlylesslikely____38____(have)afatchild,scientistssay.Andresearchsuggestsitcouldbemoretodowithnurture(養(yǎng)育)____39____nature,asamother'slifestyleappears____40____(direct)linkedtothehealthofherchild.Whenbothmotherandchildfollowahealthylifestyle,theriskofobesity____41____(reduce)evenmore,thestudyofmorethan24,000childrenfound.Thestudyexaminedthemedicalhistoryandlifestylesofmorethan24,000childrenagednine____42____fourteen,borntoalmost17,000womenintheUS.Researcherslookedatthelinkbetweenoverallmotherhealthandlikelihoodofachild____43____(be)obese.Themother'shealthwasjudgedonherheighttoweightratio(比例),herdiet,amountofphysical____44____(active),smokingstatusandhowmuchalcoholshedrank.Ahealthyweightanddiet,regularexercise,nosmokingandmoderatedrinkingallreducethechanceofawomanhaving_____45_____obesechild.【答案】36.who37.drinks38.tohave39than40.directly41.isreduced42.to43.being44.activity45.an【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了研究發(fā)現(xiàn)健康的體重和飲食，定期鍛煉，不吸煙以及適度飲酒都能降低女性生肥胖孩子的幾率。【36題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：專家稱，一個(gè)體重正常、經(jīng)常鍛煉、飲食健康、不吸煙、適量飲酒的母親生出肥胖孩子的可能性要小得多。此處為非限定性定語從句，先行詞為mother，指人，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語，故填who?！?7題詳解】考查主謂一致和時(shí)態(tài)。句意參考上題解析。此處與has，exercis