人教版（2019）必修第三冊(cè)Unit 2 Morals and Virtues 單詞拓展講義素材

必修3Unit

2MoralsandValues?moral/'m?r?l/

adj.道德的；道義上的

n.品行；道德；寓意

moraldilemma/standards道德困境、道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)moralityn.道德；道德準(zhǔn)則?virtue/'v??t?u:/

n.高尚的道德；美德；優(yōu)秀品質(zhì)

virtualadj.虛擬的?dilemma

/d?'lem?/

n.進(jìn)退兩難的境地；困境

moral

dilemma道德困境

//inadilemma處于進(jìn)退兩難的境地?faint

/fe?nt/

vi.昏倒；暈厥

adj.不清楚的；微弱的

passout昏倒；昏過(guò)去afaintsmellofperfume淡淡的香水味//afainthope希望渺茫?illustrate

/'?l?stre?t/

vt.（舉例）說(shuō)明；闡明；給（書(shū)或文章）加插圖

illustrationn.說(shuō)明；闡明?precious/'pre??s/

adj.珍稀的；寶貴的

形近詞：previousadj.之前的近義詞：dear,costly,valuable,expensive?entrust

/?n'tr?st/

vt.委托；交付

?carry

sb

through

sth幫助某人渡過(guò)難關(guān)pullthrough挺過(guò)去；渡過(guò)難關(guān)；康復(fù)?marriage/'m?r?d?/

n.結(jié)婚；婚姻

be/getmarriedtosb.和某人結(jié)婚beengagedtosb.和某人訂婚?majority

/m?'d??r?ti/

n.大部分；大多數(shù)

themajorityof=most(of)大多數(shù)的majoradj.主要的vi.主修n.主修科目；專(zhuān)業(yè)minoradj.少數(shù)的vi.輔修n.輔修科目minorityn.少數(shù)民族；少數(shù)；少數(shù)派?complain

/k?m'ple?n/

vi.

&

vt.抱怨；發(fā)牢騷

complain(tosb)about/ofsth.向某人抱怨...complaintn.抱怨//aletterofcomplaint投訴信?tuition/tju'??n/

n.（小組）教學(xué)；講課

fee

/fi:/

n.專(zhuān)業(yè)服務(wù)費(fèi)；報(bào)酬

//tuition

fees

學(xué)費(fèi)

faren.費(fèi)用//busfare車(chē)費(fèi)?respond

/r?s'p?nd/

vt.回答；回復(fù)

vi.做出反應(yīng)；回應(yīng)

同義詞：answer/reply,reactrespondto對(duì)做出回答response

/r?s'p?ns/

n.反應(yīng)；回答；回復(fù)

inresponsetosb./sth.作為（對(duì)……的）回答/反應(yīng)Eg.Inresponsetotheaudience’sgreatdemand,theplaywillbeputoninthetheatretwiceaweek.(應(yīng)觀眾的強(qiáng)烈請(qǐng)求)?union

/'ju:ni?n/

n.協(xié)會(huì)；聯(lián)合會(huì)；工會(huì)

;

聯(lián)合；聯(lián)盟unitevi.&vt.聯(lián)合；團(tuán)結(jié)//unityn.團(tuán)結(jié)theUnionJack英國(guó)國(guó)旗thestudents’union學(xué)生會(huì)//thetrade/laborunion工會(huì)?scholarship

/'sk?l???p/

n.獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金

win/receive/get/earnascholarshipscholarn.學(xué)者//scholarlyadj.學(xué)術(shù)的；有學(xué)問(wèn)的?hire/ha?(r)/

vt.聘任；雇用；租用

n.租借；租用

同義詞：employ(雇傭)；rent(租用)反義詞：fire,dismiss(開(kāi)除；解雇) ?physician

/f?'z??n/

n.醫(yī)師；（尤指）內(nèi)科醫(yī)生physics物理學(xué)//physicist物理學(xué)家//resident

physician

住院醫(yī)師

surgeon外科醫(yī)生//dentist牙醫(yī)?colleague

/'k?li:g/

n.同事;同僚

coworker/workmate同事//college專(zhuān)科學(xué)校?reject

/r?'d?ekt/

vt.拒絕接受；不錄用

rejection

/r?'d?ek?n/

n.拒絕接受；否決

turndown拒絕//refusev.拒絕//denyn.否認(rèn)declinev.下降；減少；謝絕；婉言拒絕?appoint/?'p??nt/

vt.任命；委派

appointmentn.約會(huì)；任命attheappointedtime/place在約定的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)makeanappointmentwithsb.與某人約會(huì)；預(yù)約?clinic

/'kl?n?k/

n.診所；門(mén)診部

?faraway

/'fɑ:r?we?/

adj.遙遠(yuǎn)的

//同義詞：distant,remote?elect

/?'lekt/

vt.

選舉;推選

;選擇election

/?'lek?n/

n.選舉；推選;當(dāng)選

//ageneralelection大選Eg.Hehaselectedtobecomeadoctor.?decade

/'deke?d/

n.

十年；十年期

inthepastdecades在過(guò)去的幾十年里（用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)）fortnight兩周?elsewhere

/?els'we?/

adv.在別處；去別處

?tend

/tend/

vt.照顧；照料vi.傾向；趨于

tend

to

do

sth易于做某事；往往會(huì)發(fā)生某事

tend(to)thesick照料病人tendencyn.傾向；趨勢(shì)//trendn.趨勢(shì)；傾向；走向Eg.ItendtoseepicturesinmymindwhenIamreadingorlistening.?publish

/'p?bl??/

vt.發(fā)表（作品）；出版

publisher出版商//publishingn.出版（業(yè)）；發(fā)行（業(yè)）publishinghouse出版社punishv.懲罰//punishmentn.懲罰?staff

/stɑ:f/

n.員工；全體職員

//stuff塞滿(mǎn)，餡；填充物?retire

/r?'ta??(r)/

vi.

&

vt.退休；退職；退出

retirementn.退休//retirefrom...退出；從……退休?saving

/'se?v??/

n.節(jié)省物；節(jié)省；節(jié)約；

[pl.]儲(chǔ)蓄金；存款

asavingsaccount儲(chǔ)蓄賬戶(hù)?kindergarten

/'k?nd?gɑ:tn/

n.學(xué)前班；幼兒園

nurseryschool/daycarecenter幼兒園//nursinghome養(yǎng)老院?principle

/'pr?ns?pl/

n.道德原則；法則；原則

ThreePrinciplesofthePeople“三民主義”Archimedes’principle阿基米德定律principal=headmaster校長(zhǎng)?passive

/'p?s?v/

adj.被動(dòng)的；順從的passivevoice被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)//activeadj.主動(dòng)的?scared

/ske?d/

adj.害怕的；對(duì)

....

感到驚慌或恐懼的

同義詞：frightened;afraidscare

/ske?(r)/

vt.驚嚇；使害怕

(frighten)vi.受驚嚇

scaryadj.恐怖的；嚇人的（horrible）?sharp

/?ɑ:p/

adj.(增長(zhǎng)、下跌等)急劇的；鋒利的；

明顯的

asharptongue一張利嘴//asharpbend/turn急轉(zhuǎn)彎asharppain一陣劇痛//2o’clocksharp兩點(diǎn)整sharpenvi.&vt.（使）鋒利；尖銳；清晰sharpenern.磨具；削具?insurance

/?n'???r?ns/

n.保險(xiǎn)；保險(xiǎn)業(yè)

?energetic

/en?'d?et?k/

adj.精力充沛的;充滿(mǎn)活力的

energeticallyadv.?

replace

/r?'ple?s/

vt.

接替；取代；更換；放回原處replacementn.替換；更換；替代品takeone’splace就坐；取代taketheplaceof取代//inplaceof代替；取代takeplace發(fā)生//occur發(fā)生occurred,occurring?accident

/'?ks?d?nt/

n.事故；車(chē)禍；失事

byaccident/chance(反義詞onpurpose)incidentn.事件；事變//eventn.重大事件affairn.公共事務(wù)；風(fēng)流韻事?operation

/??p?re??n

/n.手術(shù)；企業(yè)；經(jīng)營(yíng)

performanoperationon...進(jìn)行手術(shù)?whisper/'w?sp?(r)/

vt.&vi.悄聲說(shuō)；耳語(yǔ)；低語(yǔ)

n.耳語(yǔ)（聲）；低語(yǔ)（聲）；傳言；謠傳

whispertosb.與某人耳語(yǔ)inawhisper＝inwhispers＝inalowvoice耳語(yǔ)地，低聲地Itis/waswhisperedthat...有傳言說(shuō)……?midnight

/'m?dna?t/

n.子夜；午夜

atmidnight/noon/dawn/dusk在午夜/在中午/在黎明/在黃昏?import

/'?mp?:rt/

n.進(jìn)口；進(jìn)口商品

/?m'p?:rt/

vt.

進(jìn)口；輸入；引進(jìn)

?export/'eksp?:rt/

n.

出

口；出

口商品

/?k'sp?:rt/

vt.出口；輸出；傳播

?pole

/p??l/

n.（行星的）極；地極;

磁極northpole北極//southpole南極polaradj.極地的//polarbear北極熊?lap/l?p/n.（坐著時(shí)的）大腿部；（跑道等的）一圈

laptopn.手提電腦?bite

/ba?t/

vt.

&

vi.

（

bit

/b?t/,

bitten

/'b?tn/）咬；叮;

咬；（咬下的）一口；咬傷

//takeabite咬一口?lip

/l?p/

n.嘴唇

//lipstick口紅?assist

/?'s?st/

vt.幫助；援助

assistancen.幫助；援助(help;aid)//assistantn.助手come/gotoone’sassistance/help/aid來(lái)、去幫某人withtheassistance/help/aidofsb.在某人的幫助下?first

aid

急救//do/give/offerfirstaid進(jìn)行急救?pass

away

去世

passdown使世代相傳；流傳//passout昏迷；失去知覺(jué)（faint）?chairman

/'t?e?m?n/

n.主席；主持人；董事長(zhǎng)

?memoryn.記憶力；回憶memorableadj.值得紀(jì)念的；難忘的//memorizevt.記憶；記住in

memory

of作為對(duì)……的紀(jì)念

=inhonorof?chain

/t?e?n/

n.一連串（人或事）；鏈子；鏈條

achainofevents/thoughts一連串的事件、想法thefoodchain食物鏈//chainreaction連鎖反應(yīng)chainsmoker煙癮很大的人//chainstore連鎖店fast-foodchain快餐店Eg.Volunteersformedahumanchaintosavethingsfromtheburninghouse.(排成一條長(zhǎng)龍)Eg.Bittentwice,thepostmanrefusedtodeliverourlettersunlesswechainedourdog.（vt.用鏈子栓）?cafe

/'k?fe?;

NAmE

k?'fe?/

n.咖啡館；小餐館

?waitress/'we?tr?s/

n.（餐館的）女服務(wù)員；女侍者

-ess女的，雌性//hostessn.女主人；女主持人goddess,actress,stewardess,princesshost,god,actor,steward,prince,?pregnant

/'pregn?nt/

adj.懷孕的；妊娠的

//pregnancyn.孕期?disguise

/d?s'ga?z/

vt.裝扮；假扮；掩蓋

n.偽裝；化裝用具

indisguise偽裝（的）；假扮（的）?maple

/'me?pl/

n.楓樹(shù)；械樹(shù)

?cart/kɑ:t/

n.手推車(chē);運(yùn)貨馬車(chē)

//carriagen.四輪馬車(chē)；火車(chē)車(chē)廂?spill

/sp?l/

vt.

&

vi.

(

spilt/spilled,

spilt/spilled

)

(使)灑出；(使)溢出

//It’snousecryingoverspilledmilk.覆水難收。?trip

over被……絆倒

//tripvi.絆；絆倒（熟詞生義）Eg.Christripsonthe“-ld,”apronunciationdifficultyformanynon-nativeEnglishspeakers.(2019全國(guó)一卷)?limp

/l?mp/

vi.跛行；一痛一拐地走

?tear

/t??(r)/

n.眼淚；淚水

burstintotears大哭起來(lái)=burstoutcrying//in

t