中考英語專題復習培訓語法考點總結(jié)

匯報人：XX2024-01-31中考英語專題復習培訓語法考點總結(jié)目錄ReviewofBasicConceptsinGrammarDetailedexplanationofexampointsfornounsandarticlesAnindepthanalysisofverbtensionsandvoices目錄ApplicationGuidefortheComparativeSuperlativeofAdjectiveAdvantageous01ReviewofBasicConceptsinGrammarNounsNamingwordsthatrepresentpeople,places,things,orideasTheycanfunctionassubjects,objects,orcompletenessinasenseVerbsActionorstatewordsthatexpresswhatthesubjectofasensedoesoris.Verbscanbetransitionalorinvasive,andtheyhavetense,voices,andmoodsObjectivesDescribingwordsthatmodifynounsorpromoteadditionalinformationabouttheirqualityorstatesAbriefdescriptionofpartsofspeechanditsfunctionsWordsthatmodifyverbs,objections,orotheradvertisements,expressinghow,when,where,ortowhatextentanactionorstateoccursAdvantageousWordsthatexpressrelationshipsbetweennounsorpronounsandotherwordsinasense,typicallyindicatinglocation,time,ordirectionPositionsAbriefdescriptionofpartsofspeechanditsfunctionsPronounsWordsthatstandinfornouns,allowingfortheavoidanceofrepetitionorthespecificationofunknownorgeneralreferencesConnectionsWordsthatconnectwords,phrases,orclausestogether,creatingcomplexsentencesInterjectionsWordsorphrasesthatexpressemotionandarenotgraphicallyrelatedtootherpartsofthesentenceAbriefdescriptionofpartsofspeechanditsfunctionsSubjectsandPredictions:Thesubjectisthenounorpronounthatperformstheactionstatedbytheverb,whilethepredicateistheverbandanyadditionalwordsthatcompletethethoughtexpressedbythesubjectDirectandIndirectObjects:Directobjectsreceivetheactionoftheverb,whileindirectobjectsarespecificallytherecipientsofwhatisbeinggivenorshownComplexesandAdvancements:Complexesprovideadditionalinformationaboutthesubjectorobjectofapresence,whileadvertisementsmodifyverbs,objectives,oradvertisements,providingadditionaldetailsabouthow,when,where,orwhyanactionoccursClaimsandPhrases:Claimsaregroupsofwordsthatcontainasubjectandverbandcanfunctionasacompletethought,whilephrasesaregroupsofwordsthatdonotcontainbothasubjectandverbandcannotstandaloneasacompletethoughtSentenceComponentandStructureAnalysisSimpleSentences:SentenceswithasinglesubjectandpredictthatexpressacompletethoughtCompoundSentences:SentenceswithtwoormoreindependentclausesthatarejoinedbyacoordinatingconnectionorasemiconductorComplexSentences:SentenceswithanindependentclauseandoneormoredependentclausesthatprovideadditionalinformationaboutthemainclauseSentenceTransformation:Techniquesforrewritingorrearrangingintentionstoconsiderthesamemeaninginadifferentway,includingcombiningsimpleintentionsintocompoundorcomplexintentions,splittingcompoundorcomplexintentionsintosimpleones,andchangingthevoiceortenseofasentimentBasicpresencepatternsandtransformationrulesTenseVerbschangetheirformtoindicatewhenanactionorstateoccurs(past,present,future)andwhereitiscompletedoronging(progressiveaspect)Keytensionsincludepresentsimple,pastsimple,futuresimple,presentcontinuous/progressive,pastcontinuous/progressive,andfuturecontinuous/progressive要點一要點二VoiceVerbscanbeexpressedintheactivevoice(thesubjectperformstheaction)orthepassivevoice(theactionisperformedonthesubject)ThepassivevoiceisoftenusedtoemphasizetheactionmorethantheperformerortoreceiveamoreobjectivetoneKeypointsoftensionandvoiceapplication02DetailedexplanationofexampointsfornounsandarticlesSingularandpluralformsofNouns:Nounscanbeeithersingularorplural,dependingonthecontextandthemeaningintegratedForexample,"cat"issingular,while"cats"ispluralPossessivecaseofNouns:NounscanalsoexpresssessionorownershipthroughtheuseofAposophesForexample,"John'scar"indicatesthatthecarbelongstoJohnIrregularlinearforms:Somenounshaveirregularlinearformsthatdonotfollowtheusualpatternofadding"-s"or"-es"Forexample,"man"benefits"men"inthepluralformCompoundnouns:Compoundnouns,whichareformedbycombiningtwoormorewords,canalsohaveformalformsForexample,"motherinlaw"benefits"mothersinlaw"intheformalformTherulesofnounnumberandpositivecasechangeDefinearticle"the":Thedefinearticle"the"isusedtorefertospecificnounsthathavealreadybeenmentionedorareknowntothelistenerorreaderForexample,"Thecatisplayingwiththeball."Indexarticle"a/an":Theindexarticle"a"or"an"isusedtorefertonon-specificnounsortointroduceanounforthefirsttimeForexample,"Ihaveacat."Omissionsofarticles:Insomecases,articlescanbecommitted,specificallywhenreferringtogeneralconceptsorcategoriesForexample,"Catsarehorses."Articleusageinphasesandperiods:Articlesareoftenusedinfixedphasesandperiods,andtheirusageshouldbelearnedaspartofthevocabularyArticleusagescenariosandskillguidanceMisuseofarticles:Onecommonmisconceptionisthemisuseofarticles,suchasusing"a"insteadof"an"beforewordsstartwithavowelsound,oromittingarticleswhentheyareneededIncorrectnounnumber:Anothercommonmistakeisusingtheincorrectnounnumber,soasusingaregularnounwhenasingularnounisrequired,orviceversaIncorrectpositivecase:Somestudentsmayfusethepositivecasewiththeusualform,resultinginincorrectusagesuchas"JohnandMary'scars"insteadof"John'sandMary'scars"Overuseofnouns:Insomecases,studentsmayoverlapnouns,resultinginverboseorrepetitivephrasesItisimportanttolearnhowtousenounseffectivelyandconciselyCommonmisconceptionsinnounphrasecombinations輸入標題02010403Practicalexercise:fillintheblankswithnonarticlesExamplesentence:"Ihave_______cat._______catisverycut."Thecorrectansweris"a"and"The"ItisrecommendedtodomoresimilarexercisestoconsolidateandenhancelearningoutcomesByfillingintheblankswiththeappropriatearticles,studentscanimprovetheirunderstandingandmasterofthisgrammarpointThisexercisehelpsstudentstopracticeandapplytheirknowledgeofnounarticlesinapracticalcontext03AnindepthanalysisofverbtensionsandvoicesPresenttenseUsedtodescribeactionsorstatesthatarehappeningnow,orthathappeningregularlyExamplesinclude"Ieatanappleeveryday"and"Sheisstudyingfortheexam."PasttenseDescribesactionsorstatesthatoccurredinthepastForinstance,"Theyplayedfootballyesterday"and"Hewashappywhenhereceivedthegift."FuturetenseReferstoactionsorstatesthatwilloccurinthefutureExamplesare"Wewillgoonatripnextweek"and"Sheisgoingtobuyanewcar."Comparativelearningofpresenttense,pasttense,andfuturetensePassivevoicecompositionThesubjectofthepresencereceivestheactiondescribedbytheverbForexample,"Thebookwaswrittenbyhim"and"Thehousewasbuiltin1900."ApplicationscenariosPassivevoiceisoftenusedinacademicwriting,newsreports,andotherformalcontextstoemphasizetheobjectoractionmorethanthesubjectExamplesofpassivevoicecompositionandapplicationscenariosInfiniteverbs01Thebasicformoftheverb,oftenanticipatedby"to."Forexample,"torun,""tosing."Infiniteverbscanfunctionasnouns,objections,oradvertisementsinasentenceGerunds02Verbsendingin"-ing"thatfunctionasnounsForinstance,"Runningisgoodexercise"and"Ienjoyreadingbooks."Articles03Verbsendingin"-ed"or"-ing"thatfunctionasadvisorsoradvisorsForexample,"Thebrokenwindowneedstoberepaired"and"TheLaughingchildrenwerehavingfun."AStudyontheUsageofInfiniteVerbs,Gerunds,andArticlesVerbfillingintheblankStudentsareprovidedwithsensescontainingblanksandalistofverbsTheyneedtochoosetheappropriateverbformtofillintheblankbasedonthetense,voice,andothergraphicalrulesCorrectingmissesStudentsaregivengiftscontainingverbrelatederrorsandareaskedtoidentifyandcorrectthemissesThishelpsthemtoconsolidatetheirunderstandingofverbtensions,voices,andotherverbformsPracticalExercise:VerbFillingintheBlankandCorrectingMistakes04ApplicationGuidefortheComparativeSuperlativeofAdjectiveAdvantageous010203BasicFormsAdjectivesandverbshavetheirbasicforms,whichareusedtodescribenounsandverbsrespectivelyComparativeFormsThecomparativeformsofadvisorsandadvisorsaretypicallycreatedbyadding"-er"orusing"more"beforetheadvisor/advisorTheyareusedtocomparetwothingsSuperlativeFormsThesuperlativeformsofobjectivesandadvertisementsaretypicallycreatedbyadding"-est"orusing"most"beforetheobjective/advertisementTheyareusedtocompare