2020-2021學年高中英語Unit1 單元素養(yǎng)評價+提升練習新人教版必修4

單元素養(yǎng)評價（一）Unit1

（120分鐘150分）

第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳

選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話

僅讀一遍。

Text1

W:It'snearly7.Ifyouwanttocatchthe8o'clocktrain,you'dbettergo

now.

M:Don,tworry.I'11drivetothestation.

W:Inthatcase,letmegowithyouandyoudropmeoffatthecitycentre.V11

gotothesquaremarket.

1.Whatwillthewomanprobablydo?

A.Catchatrain.B.Seethemanoff.

C.Goshopping.

答案：C

Text2

M:I'mthinkingaboutmovingoutofmyplace.

W:Howcome?Isitfarfromyourworkplace?

M:No.Withthreekidsgrowingupandreachingschoolage,myhouseistoo

small.

2.Whydoesthemanwanttomove?

A.Tobenearhisoffice.B.Toliveinabiggerhouse.

C.Togotoagoodschool.

答案：B

Text3

M:It'sverycoldinhere.I'mgoingtoturntheheaterontowarmthisplace

upalittle.

W:WhydoyouthinkI'mdrinkinghotchocolate?Here,takethisblanket.The

heaterisn'tworkingrightnow.

3.Whatwillthemanprobablydotostaywarm?

A.Useablanket.B.Turnontheheater.

C.Drinksomehotchocolate.

答案：A

Text4

W:Englishisaneasylanguagetolearn.Don'tyouthinkso,1Darning?

M:Tmafraidit'sdifficultforme,Susan.Butmybrotherisgoodatit.

4.WhohasdifficultyinlearningEnglish?

A.Susan.B.Darning.

C.Daming'sbrother.

答案：B

Text5

W:Whendidtheplanearrive?

M:Ataquarterpasteleven.

W:?Doyouthinkyou'11recognizeJoewhenyouseehim?

M:Idon'tknow.Ihaven*tseenhimsincehewas7.Timeflies.Now9yearshave

passed.Mynephewmusthavechangedalot.

5.Whatarethetwospeakersdoingnow?

A.Waitingforsomeoneattheairport.

B.Talkingabouttheirplan.

C.Bookingticketsfortheirtrip.

答案：A

第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）

聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選

項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完

后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。

聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

Text6

M:Wow!Niceplace!I'veneverbeentothispartoftownbefore.

W:Thanks."Thisarea'scalledtheEastEnd.Itisn'tverycentral,butI

choseitbecauseIcouldaffordmorespacehere.

M:Yeah,youhaveawholeextraroom!

W:Iknow!Iuseitforwork.

M:Ithoughtyouworkedinanofficedowntown.

W:Mycompanyletsmeworkonedayaweekfromhome.

M:Lucky!You'vegotagreatbossandagreatapartment.Vmsohappyforyou!

Let'scelebrate!%etmetakeyoutodinner.

6.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?

A.Inanofficedowntown.

B.Inanapartmentdowntown.

C.InanapartmentintheEastEnd.

答案：C

7.Whatdoesthemanwanttodonow?

A.Gettowork.

B.Gotoarestaurant.

C.Visitthewoman*scompany.

答案：B

聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。

Text7

M:Iley,Helen!?HowaboutyourinterviewforCambridge?

W:Mm,notbad.TheyaresatisfiedwithmyacademicrecordsinScience.

M:Iknowyoucanconquertheteachers.

W:Thankyou,Mike.Um,wheredoyouwanttostudy?

M:India.

W:WhyinIndia?YouwanttomajorinBuddhism?

M:No.Iwanttobeacomputerprogrammer.SoI'veappliedtotheIndian

InstituteofTechnology,whichisoneofthebestuniversitiesforITlearners.

W:Yeah!That'syourbestchoice.Hopeyoucanmakeit.

M:Thankyou.

8.Wheredoesthewomanwanttostudy?

A.IntheUniversityofCambridge.

B.IntheUniversityofOxford.

C.IntheIndianInstituteofTechnology.

答案：A

9.Whichsubjectdoesthemanwanttomajorin?

A.Art.B.Buddhism.C.Programming.

答案：C

聽第8段材料，回答第10?12題。

Text8

W:Hello,mayIspeaktoMrSmith,please?

M:Speaking.Who*scalling?MayIask?

W:ThisistheJobCenter.WehavereceivedyourE-mailandthereisaposition

whichwethinkfityouwell.Alabassistantiswantedinamiddleschool.

M:Canyoutellmemoreaboutthejob?

W:Well,alabassistantiswantedinacollege.It'sthekindofjobyouwould

liketodo,"asismentionedinyourE-mail.

M:Yes,Ididputthatinmyletter.

W:Yes.Theyalsoneedsomeonewhoknowshowtomaintaintheequipment.Sowe

thinkyouarejusttherightpersonforthejob.

M:Whataboutthepayandworkhours?

W:Iamcomingtothat.Thepaytheyhaveofferedissatisfactory,butthework

hoursareabitchangeable.Sometimesearlyinthemorning,sometimeslateinthe

afternoon.

M:Well,Iaminterestedinthat.MayIhavesomemoredetailssothatIcantalk

itoverwithmywife?

W:Whydon'tyoucomeoverhereat10a.m.tomorrow?

M:OK,seeyoutomorrowthen.Bye!

10.WhydidthewomancallMrSmith?

A.Torecommendajob.

B.Tomaintaintheequipment.

C.Toworkasalabassistant.

答案：A

11.HowdidtheJobCentergettoknowSmith?

A.Smithcalledthecenter.

B.Smithe-mailedthecenter.

C.Smithwenttothecenterbefore.

答案：B

12.Whenwillthemangotothecenterfordetailsaboutthejob?

A.Tomorrowmorning.B.Thismorning.

C.Tomorrowafternoon.

答案：A

聽第9段材料，回答第13?16題。

Text9

M:"Hello,Jane.ThisisPeterspeaking.

W:Hi,howareyou?

M:Fine.AndI'vegotsomegreatnewsforyou.

W:Really?What'sitabout?

M:Irememberyouareinterestedinwatchinggolfgames.TheHoustonOpenwill

berunningfromMay26toMay30.I'msureyouwillbegladtowatchthegame.

W:Oh,that'sgreat.Butjustamoment,letmecheck.Ah...Itisapity

thatIcan'tmakeit.14IwillbeonbusinessinChinafromMay25toJune2.

M:Well,msorryyouhavetobeawayonbusinessthen.Letmesee."Another

game,theUSOpenwillberunningfromJuly15toJuly18.Howaboutthat?

W:That'sgreat.Iwillbeonmyholidaythen.%wouldbewonderfulifwe

couldwatchthegametogether.

13.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?

A.Onthephone.B.AtPeter'shome.

C.Inagym.

答案：A

14.WhywillthewomanmisstheHoustonOpen?

A.Shewillbehavingherholiday.

B.Shewillstayathome.

C.Shewillbeonbusinessabroad.

答案：C

15.WhenistheUSOpenrunning?

A.FromMay26toMay30.

B.FromMay25toJune2.

C.FromJuly15toJuly18.

答案：C

16.Whatwouldbewonderfulforthespeakers?

A.Beingonavacation.

B.Watchingthegametogether.

C.GoingtotheUS.

答案：B

聽第10段材料，回答第17?20題。

Text10

OneSundaymorning,Iwasdreamingofbeingaskedtotheofficebytheboss

whenIwaswokenupbyaphonecall.'7Itwasfromataxidriver.Hetoldmehe

hadmyfriend'scellphone.Myfriend,Mike,hadleftitinthetaxithenight

before.Thedrivercalledmeaccordingtothecallrecords.

Itwasarainingmorning.Fortaxidriversinthisbigcityitwasabigtime.

，HItoldhimtherewasataxicentrenotfarawayfrommyhome.Hecouldtakeit

there.ThenIquicklyjumpedoutofbedandgotdressed.1%henIwalkedthere

inhalfanhour,thedriverhadgoneaway.Hedidn,tleaveanythingexceptfor

thecellphone.

Iwasveryhappyformyfriend.Hemovedtothiscityafewdaysago,soI

dicin'tgettimetovisithimandthereforedicin'tknowwherehewasliving.I

e-mailedmyfriendtellinghimIhadhisphone.Myfriendwasveryexcitedtoget

backhiscellphone.四Hesaidhewouldwriteitonhisblogtosearchforthe

warm-hearteddriver.

17.WhocalledMike'sfriendonaSundaymorning?

A.Mike.B.Ataxidriver.C.Hisboss.

答案：B

18.Howdidthetaxidriverdeliverthecellphone?

A.HemailedittoMike.

B.HehandedittoMike'sfriend.

C.Heleftitinthetaxicentre.

答案：C

19.HowdidMike'sfriendgettothetaxicentre?

A.Hegotthereonfoot.B.Hetookataxi.

C.Hedrovethere.

答案：A

20.WhatwouldMikedoaftergettingthecellphoneback?

A.Searchforthedriverinthetaxicentre.

B.Contributetoanewspaperinsearchofthedriver.

C.Searchforthedriverbypostingablog.

答案：C

第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）

A

Fifteenyearsago,ItookasummervacationinLecceinsouthernItaly.After

climbingupahi11forapanoramic（全景的）viewofthebluesea,whitebuiIdings

andgreenolivetrees,Ipausedtocatchmybreathandthenpositionedmyselfto

takethebestphotoofthispanorama.

Unfortunately,justasItookoutmycamera,awomanapproachedfrombehind,

andplantedherselfrightinfrontofmyview.Likeme,thiswomanwasheretostop,

sighandappreciatetheview.

PatientasIwas,afterabout15minutes,mycamerascanningthesunand

reviewingtheshotIwouldeventuallytake,Igrewfrustrated.Wasittoomuchto

askhertomoveso1couldtakejustonepictureofthelandscape?Sure,Icould

haveaskedher,butsomethingpreventedmefromdoingso.Sheseemedsopleased

inherobservation.Ididn,twanttomesswiththat.

Another15minutespassedandIgrewbored.Thewomanwasstillthere.Idecided

totakethephotoanyway.AndnowwhenIlookatit,Ithinkherpresenceinthe

photoiswhatmakestheimageinteresting.Thelandscape,beautifulonitsown,

somehowcomestolifeandbreathesbecausethiswomanisengagingwithit.

Thisphoto,withtheuniquebeautythatunfoldedbeforemeandthatwomanwho

“ruined”it,nowhangsonawallinmybedroom.Whatwouldshethinkifsheknew

thatherfigureiscaptured（捕捉）andfrozenonsomestrangerJsbedroomwal1?A

bedroom,afterall,isaveryprivatespace,inwhichsomewomanIdon,teven

knowhasbeenimmortalized（使永存）.Insomeways,shelivesinmyhouse.

Perhapsweallliveineachothers'spaces.Perhapsthisiswhatphotosare

for:toremindusthatweallappreciatebeauty,thatweal1shareacommondesire

forpleasure,forconnection,forsomethingthatisgreaterthanus.

Thatphotoisareminder,acapturedmoment,anunspokenconversationbetween

twowomen,separatedonlybyathinsquareofglass.

【文章大意】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。主要向我們描述了作者一次無奈拍攝到的一張被女人

干擾的照片，卻顯得尤為生動，也讓作者明白了共享的美麗。

21.Whathappenedwhentheauthorwasabouttotakeaphoto?

A.Awomanblockedherview.

B.Hercamerastoppedworking.

C.Someoneaskedhertoleave.

D.Afriendapproachedfrombehind.

【解析】選Ao細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容^Unfortunately,justasItookoutmy

camera,awomanapproachedfrombehind,andplantedherselfrightinfrontofmy

view.Likeme,thiswomanwasheretostop,sighandappreciatetheview.“可

知，當作者要拍照時一個女人擋住了她的視線。

22.Accordingtotheauthor,thewomanwasprobably.

A.losingherpatience

B.enjoyingherself

C.waitingforthesunset

D.thinkingaboutherpast

【解析】選B。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句"Likeme,thiswomanwasheretostop,

sighandappreciatetheview.”可知，這個女人可能是在欣賞風景，放松自己。

23.IntheauthorJsopinion,whatmakesthephotosoalive?

A.Therichcolorofthelandscape.

B.Theperfectpositioningofthecamera.

C.Thesoftsunlightthatsummerday.

D.ThewomanJsexistenceinthephoto.

【解析】選D。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容可知，現(xiàn)在當我看它的時候，我認為她在照片

里的出現(xiàn)使這張照片變得有趣。風景本身就很美，但不知何故卻活了起來，呼吸了起來，因

為這位女士融入其中。所以作者認為，是照片中的女人的存在使照片如此生動。

B

（2020?長沙高一檢測）

Inthewinterof1664—1665,abittercoldfellonLondoninthedaysbefore

Christmas.Abovethecity,anunusuallybrightcomet（彗星）shotacrossthesky,

excitingmuchpredictionofasnowstorm.Outsidethecitywall,awomanwas

announceddeadofadiseasethatwasspreadinginthatarea.Herhousewaslocked

upandthephrase“LordHaveMercyOnUs“waspaintedonthedoorinred.

BythefollowingChristmas,thevirusthathadkilledthewomanwouldgoon

tokillnearly100,000peoplelivinginandaroundLondon一almostathirdofthose

whodidnotflee.

InTheGreatPlague（瘟疫）,historianA.LloydMooteandmicrobiologistDorothy

C.Mooteprovideadeeplyinformedaccountofthisplagueyear.Readingthebook,

readersaretakenfromthepalacesofthecity'swealthiestcitizenstothepoor

areaswherethevastmajorityofLondonerswereliving,andtothesurrounding

countrysidewiththosewhofled.TheMootespointoutthat,evenattheheightof

theplague,thecitydidnotfallintochaos.Doctors,nursesandthechurchstaff

remainedinthecitytocareforthesick;cityofficialstriedtheirbesttofight

thecrisiswithallthelegaltools;andcommercecontinuedevenasbusinessesshut

down.

Todescribe1ifeanddeathinandaroundLondon,theauthorsfocusonthe

experiencesofnineindividuals.Throughtheirlettersanddiaries,theMootes

offerfreshdescriptionsofkeyissuesinthehistoryoftheGreatPlague:how

differentcommunitiesunderstoodandexperiencedthedisease;howmedical,

religious,andgovernmentbodiesreacted;howwellthesocialorderheldtogether;

theeconomicandmoraldilemmaspeoplefacedwhendebatingwhethertofleethecity;

andthenatureofthematerial,social,andspiritualresourcessupportingthose

whoremained.Basedonhumanity（人性），theauthorsofferamasterfulportraitof

acityanditsinhabitantsattackedby一anddaringlyresisting一unimaginable

horror.

【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。主要講述了在1664年至1665年冬天，倫敦地區(qū)發(fā)生了瘟

疫，將近10萬人死于這場瘟疫。歷史學家A.LloydMoote和微生物學家DorothyC.Moote

在《大瘟疫》這本書中記述了當時人們是如何應對這場瘟疫的。

24.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph1?

A.Acometalwaysfollowsastorm.

B.Londonwasunderanapproachingthreat.

C.Londonwaspreparedforthedisease.

D.Thewomanwasthebeginningofthedisease.

【解析】選B。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段倒數(shù)第二句uOutsidethecitywall,awomanwas

announceddeadofadiseasethatwasspreadinginthatarea.“可知，一場瘟疫正

在逼近倫敦。

25.WhatdotheMootessayaboutLondonduringtheGreatPlague?

A.Thecityremainedorganized.

B.Theplaguesparedtherichareas.

C.Thepeopletriedalotinvain.

D.Themajorityfledandthussurvived.

【解析】選A。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容“TheMootespointoutthat,evenatthe

heightoftheplague,...andcommercecontinuedevenasbusinessesshutdown”

可知，疫情期間，倫敦并沒有亂作一團，仍然井然有序。

26.WhydotheMootesfocusonthenineindividuals?

A.Theywerefamouspeopleinhistory.

B.TheyallmanagedtosurvivethePlague.

C.Theyprovidedvividstoriesofhumanity.

D.Theyunitedbythinkingandactingasone.

【解析】選Co細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句uBasedonhumanity,theauthors

offeramasterfulportraitofacityanditsinhabitantsattackedby—anddaringly

resisting—unimaginablehorror.”可知，作者集中描述這九個人在疫情期間的活動是

因為他們提供了“人性”的故事。

27.WhatJsthepurposeofthistext?

A.Tointroduceanewbook.

B.Tocorrectamisunderstanding.

C.Toreportanewresearch.

D.Toshowrespecttotheauthors.

【解析】選限推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知，主要介紹《大瘟疫》這本書的內(nèi)容，因此

作者的寫作目的應該是介紹這本書。

C

（2020?寧夏高一檢測）

IntheofficeoftheGermanprimeministerAngelaMerkel,there

isapictureofCatherinetheGreat,thelegendary（傳奇的）Russian

Empress.Whenaskedwhyshehasthepicture,Merkelsays,“Shewas

astrongwoman”.ManysaythesameofMerkel.

Themostpowerfulwomanintheworld,accordingtoUSForbes

magazine,wasinChinalastweek.Shecametodiscusstradeandenvironmentalissues

withChina'stopleaders.GermanyJsfirstwomanleaderisknownasabraveand

practicalstatesman（政治家）.

Evensincehertimeatschool,shehadthehabitofgettingeverythinginorder.

Everydaybeforedoingherhomeworkshewouldcleanthedeskandthinkaboutwhat

todonext."Ipreferalongtimeforfullpreparationstomakemydecision.But

onceIdecide,IwillstandupforwhatIbelieve,“Merkelsaid.Perhapsitwas

goodhabitsthathelpedherdowellinherstudies.At32,shegotadoctordegree

inphysicsandthensheworkedasaresearcher.

However,thelifeofascholarcouldn,tputoffherloveofpolitics.While

workinginlabs,Merkeltooktimeofftoreadpoliticalbooksandatlastjoined

apoliticalparty."Hercalmnesshelpedherstandoutintheparty.Shecouldalways

findawayoutwhileothersfelthopeless,“saidoneofheroldfriends.

InherfirstbigpoliticaljobasMinisterfortheEnvironmentin1994,her

scientificbackgroundprovedveryuseful.In2005shebecameGermany?syoungest

primeministersincethesecondWorldWar.

Nowhalfwaythroughherfour-yearterm,the53-year-oldwomanhasmadeaname

forherselfbothinGermanyandabroad.AttheEUsummit（歐盟峰會）in2005when

FrancequarreledwithBritainovertheEUbudget,somepeoplebelievedtheEUwas

closetobreakingdown.ButMerkeldidn'tgiveup.Sheshuttled（穿梭）betweenthe

headsofthetwopowersandhadthemreachedanagreement.

“Strengthcomesfromcomposure（鎮(zhèn)定）andcourage.ManypeoplesayIamastrong

woman.ButIwouldrathersayIhaveperseverance,“saidMerkel.

【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。介紹了德國總理默克爾，她是個堅強的女性，也是個“鐵

娘子”。

28.WhydoesMerkelputapictureofCatherinetheGreatonthewallofheroffice?

A.BecauseCatherinetheGreatisbeautiful.

B.BecauseMerkelwantstobeastrongwomantoo.

C.BecauseMerkel1ikesthedrawingskillofit.

D.Becauseitisveryexpensive.

【解析】選B。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后兩句"Whenaskedwhyshehasthepicture,

Merkelsays,“Shewasastrongwoman”.ManysaythesameofMerkel.可知，默

克爾也想做凱瑟琳大帝那樣的堅強女性。

29.Whatisthecorrectorderofthefollowingevents?

a.becametheGermanChancellor（總理）

b.gotadoctorate（博士學位）inphysicsandthensheworkedasaresearcher

c.joinedapoliticalparty

d.tookpartintheEUsummit

e.workedasMinisterfortheEnvironment

A.bcadeB.cbdaeC.bceadD.cbaed

【解析】選C。細節(jié)理解題。通讀全文可知，她先是在大學獲得博士學位，從事研究；然后

加入政黨；接下來擔任了環(huán)境部長；2005年擔任總理；最后參加歐盟峰會。

30.WhichstatementisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.Merkelusuallyhurriestomakeadecisionwhenfacingdifficulties.

B.AttheEUsummitin2005,therelationshipbetweenFranceandBritainwasin

tension.

C.Merkelisawel1-knownleaderallovertheworld.

D.Sheisoutstandingbecauseofhercalmness.

【解析】選Ao推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段"'Strengthcomesfromcomposureandcourage.

ManypeoplesayIamastrongwoman.ButIwouldrathersayIhaveperseverance,'

saidMerkel.”可知，她是很鎮(zhèn)定的，不會匆忙做決定。

31.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.Anexcellentlecturer

B.Germany*sironlady

C.Thechangeofascholar

D.Theyoungestchancellor

【解析】選B。主旨大意題。閱讀全文，根據(jù)內(nèi)容可知，介紹了德國總理默克爾，她是一個

堅強的女性，也是個“鐵娘子”。所以，GermanyJsironlady（德國的鐵娘子）是本文最佳

標題。

D

Doyouknowwhypeopleyawn（打哈欠）？Themostobviousansweristhatweyawn

becausewearetired.Butwhydoesbeingtiredmakeusyawn?Howdoesyawninghelp

us?Thetruthisthatwedon'tknowtheanswerstothesequestions.Scientistshave

differenttheoriesaboutwhyweyawn,butnobodyhasbeenabletoprovethem.

Thefirstoneisthe“oxygentheoryw.Inthepast,oneofthemostpopular

theorieswasthatweyawninordertotakemoreoxygen.Whenweyawnwebreathemore

deeply.Accordingtothistheory,ourbrainsmakeusyawnbecauseweneedmore

oxygen.However,thesedaysmoreandmorescientistsareagainsttheoxygentheory.

Thesecondoneisthe“braincooling“theory.Accordingtothistheory,we

yawnwhenourbrainsgettoowarm.Yawningmakesourbrainscooleragain.Whenour

brainsarecooler,wecanthinkmoreclearly.Yawningcanhelpkeepusalert（警

覺）.Thistheoryhasn,tbeenprovenyet,butmanyscientiststhinkthatitwill

beproveninthefuture.

Hereareafewotherinterestingfactsaboutyawning.First,yawningis

contagious（可傳染的）.Ifyouseeanotherpersonyawn,thenyouwillbemorelikely

toyawn,too.Second,weyawnevenbeforeweareborn.Studieshaveshownthat

babiesyawnwhilethey'restillintheirmotherJsstomach.Theystarttoyawnafter

24weeks.Finally,wearemorelikelytoyawnwhenwe'rebored.Whyisyawning

contagious?Whydoweyawnwhenwe'reboredortired?Thetruthisthatwedon't

haveanyanswerstothesequestions,either.

【文章大意】本文是一篇議論文。討論了關(guān)于人們?yōu)槭裁创蚬返膬蓚€理論，第一個是“氧

氣理論”，第二個是“大腦冷卻”理論。講清了一些關(guān)于打哈欠的其他有趣的事實。

32.Whatdoes"them"refertoattheendofthefirstparagraph?

A.Yawns.B.Scientists.

C.Theories.D.Questions.

【解析】選Co詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞所在句aScientistshavedifferenttheoriesabout

whyweyawn,butnobodyhasbeenabletoprovethem.”可知，科學家們對我們?yōu)槭?/p>

么打哈欠有不同的理論，但是沒有人能夠證明這些理論，所以them指的是“理論”。

33.Whatdoesthearticlesayaboutthe“oxygentheory”?

A.It'sthemostrecenttheory.

B.Fewscientistsbelieveitnow.

C.Moreandmorescientistsbelieveit.

D.Weknowthatit'scorrect.

【解析】選B。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句"However,thesedaysmoreandmore

scientistsareagainsttheoxygentheory.”可知，現(xiàn)在很少有科學家相信氧氣理論了0

34.WhathappenswhenapersonJsbrainiscooler?

A.Thepersongetsmoretired.

B.Thepersonisinabadmood.

C.Thepersonthinksmoreclearly.

D.Thepersonbecomeslessalert.

【解析】選Co細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第四句"Whenourbrainsarecooler,wecanthink

moreclearly.可知，當一個人的大腦變冷時，他會想得更清楚。

35.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Wecanyawnonlyafterweareborn.

B.Wehaveknowntheanswerwhyweyawn.

C.Whenweseeanotherpersonyawn,wemightyawn,too.

D.Scientistswillneverprovetheabraincooling,,theory.

【解析】選C。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第三句Ifyouseeanotherpersonyawn,then

youwillbemorelikelytoyawn,too.”可知,當我們看到別人打哈欠時，我們也會

打哈欠。

【技巧點撥】

代詞指代題要求同學們根據(jù)語境的邏輯關(guān)系判斷畫線的人稱代詞或指示代詞在文章中指代

的對象，包括考查it（指動物，無生命的事物、特定的事件或人），they/them（指代人、物、

事件的復數(shù)名詞），he/she等人稱代詞的指代意義，以及指示代詞this,that,these,

those等在文章中的指代意義，考查同學們對文章中敘述特定的人、物、事件的認知能力。

解答這類題時，同學們要認真閱讀畫線詞所在句和前后臨近句的內(nèi)容，分析人稱轉(zhuǎn)換和動

作變換的詳細過程，理清來龍去脈和前后的因果關(guān)系，從而準確推斷其指代的對象。如第

32小題，根據(jù)上文Scientistshavedifferenttheoriesaboutwhyweyawn,butnobody

hasbeenabletoprovethem.可知，科學家們對我們?yōu)槭裁创蚬酚胁煌睦碚摚?/p>

沒有人能夠證明這些理論，故them指的是“理論”，故選C。

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，選項中有兩項為

多余選項。

Adailymultivitaminmaygiveyourwell-beinganextrabenefit,butifyou've

everswallowedoneandfeltsickrightafter,youknowit'shardlyapleasant

experience.36

You'retakingvitaminsonanemptystomach.

Vitaminsthataremoreacidinnature,likevitaminC,maycausenausea（惡

心）ifthey'reconsumedonanemptystomach.VitaminsA,D,EandK,unlikesome

others,maybebetterabsorbedwhennottakenwithfood.

37

Vitaminsarelikemedicinesinthattheycanactoneachotherandother

medicinesyou'retaking.38Someresearchsuggeststhatmultivitaminscould

causesideeffectswhentakenatthesametimewithhighestrogen（雌激素）levels.

There'salotofironinyourpill.

Multivitaminsthatcontainalotofironorironsupplementsthemselvescan

causenausea.Thisisespeciallytrueifyou'retakingthemoutsideofameal.Iron

isinterestinginthatit'sbestabsorbedonanemptystomach,butit'shardest

totakeonanemptystomachbecauseofthenausea.39Itmightdecreasethe

absorptionalittlebitbutit'sbetterthannothing.

Allergicreactionsideeffects.

Sincemultivitaminscontainsomanyvitaminsandminerals,allergicreactions

arecertainlypossible.Mildallergicreactionscanincludeitchiness（癢）and

hives（尊麻疹）.40Shouldyouexperiencemoreadvancedsignsofanallergic

reaction,suchasbreathingtrouble,chestpain,widespreadhivesoraswollenfacial

region?Visittheclosestemergencyroomimmediately.

A.You'retakingvitaminswithothermedicines.

B.Thesestomachissuescanbeextremelydisturbing.

C.Belowareafewreasonswhymultivitaminsmaybemakingyouill.

D.Ifyouexperiencethesesideeffects,stopusingandcontactyourdoctor.

E.It'sbettertotakeitwithfoodthantryingtakingitonanemptystomach.

F.It'simportanttodiscusswithanexpertthetimingofthesevitamins.

G.Pleasereviewthecombinationstomakesuretherearenoharmfulinteractions.

【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了服用多種維生素可能讓人感到不適的幾種原因。

36.【解析】選C。根據(jù)下文小標題You'retakingvitaminsonanemptystomach.ThereJs

alotofironinyourpill.和Allergicreactionsideeffects.可知從第二段到第

五段都是分析讓人感到不適的原因，故C項正確。

37.【解析】選A。根據(jù)下文Vitaminsarelikemedicinesinthattheycanactoneach

otherandothermedicinesyou'retaking.可知本段講的是各種維生素之間以及維生素

與其他藥物之間相互作用，故A項正確。

38.【解析】選G。根據(jù)上文可知各種維生素之間以及維生素與其他藥物之間會相互作用；根

據(jù)下文可知當雌激素水平高時服用多種維生素可能引起副作用。所