碩士英語(yǔ)綜合教程1參考答案與解析

./碩士英語(yǔ)綜合教程1〔參考答案Unit1LowCarbonEconomyTextACreatingaLowCarbonEconomy2.Vocabularyb.Choosethewordorphrasethatisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedone.<1>B<2>C<3>A<4>D<5>B<6>C<7>A<8>D<9>C<10>D3.ClozeChooseanappropriatewordorphrasefromthefollowinglisttofillineachofthefollowingblanks.EachonecanbeusedonlyONCE.Changetheformwherenecessary.<1>embraced<2>spedup<3>runningout<4>urgency<5>initiative<6>specific<7>designated<8>contribute<9>incorporate<10>hampering<11>reward<12>involved<13>adverse<14>adaptive<15>vulnerability<16>alternative<17>context<18>dueto<19>compensation<20>scheduled4.Translationa.ChinesetoEnglish1>TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.<1>Bendingundertheweightofthepacks,sweating,theyclimbedsteadilyinthepineforestthatcoveredthemountainside.<2>Concentratingontimepassing,aswedowhenbored,willtriggerbrainactivitywhichwillmakeitseemasthoughtheclockistickingmoreslowly.<3>UnemploymentshotupinFranceduringthesecondquarter,andthecountry’stopfinanceofficialsaidthesituationwillcontinuetoaggravateevenifaglobaleconomicrecoverygatherspace.ItwastheworstquarterlyunemploymentinFrancesinceearly2006.<4>Associalpracticecontinuestodevelop,weshouldkeeprenewingourideasandmakeinnovationscourageouslyinlightofpracticalneeds.<5>Bicyclesareregardedasaneconomicalalternativetobuseswhosefareshaveincreased3timesinthepastfewyears.<6>TheU.S.governmenthascalledonpeopletosavewaterbecausethescarcityofwaterhasbecomeasourceofglobaltensionecologically,economicallyandpolitically.<7>Inordertobearecognizedleaderintheindustry,it’sessentialforacompanytoimproveproductionqualityandtaptheoverseasmarketthroughthehelpofstateofthearttechnologiesandequipment.<8>IfyouarethinkingaboutcomingtoBritainforChristmas,itmightbeagoodideatothinkagain.That’sbecausethousandsofChristmastravelershavebeenstrandedintheUKasadverseweatherconditionscausedmassivedisruptiontothetransportinfrastructure.2>TranslatethefollowingparagraphsintoEnglish.Scientistssaythewarmingoftheplanetwillbegradual,butthatextremeweathereventswillincreaseinfrequencyandintensity.Theysaytheeffectsofmorestorms,floods,droughtsandheatwaveswillbeabruptandprofound.TheWorldHealthOrganizationsaystheeffectsofsocalledclimatesensitivediseasesalreadyarekillingmillionsofpeople.Climatechangeisaglobalphenomenon.Whilenocountrywillbeexempt,shesaysitsconsequenceswillnotbeevenlydistributed.TheWHOchiefsayspoorcountriesthatalreadyarestrugglingwithhugeproblemswillbemostaffected.Fragilehealthsystemsinthedevelopingworldwillcomeunderincreasedstress.Theywillhavegreatdifficultycopingwiththeincreasedburdenofdiseaseandotherhealthproblems.b.EnglishtoChinese1>TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoChinese.很多權(quán)威的氣候?qū)W家們都曾發(fā)出過這樣的警告:如果我們現(xiàn)在的溫度超過工業(yè)化前2攝氏度<3.6華氏度>的話,我們將會(huì)邁進(jìn)一個(gè)危險(xiǎn)的未知國(guó)度。沒有人能知道到底全球變暖達(dá)到多少度會(huì)變得無(wú)法控制,并且造成像干旱、洪水、颶風(fēng)以及熱浪等自然災(zāi)害的逐漸惡化,造成諸如格陵蘭島或西南極洲大冰原坍塌以及伴隨的全球海平面上升等意外的災(zāi)難性變化。但是我們還依然在我們唯一的家身上不斷做著危險(xiǎn)而又不受約束的嘗試,這也是為什么越來越多的年輕人開始將氣候變化視為他們這一代人的一項(xiàng)挑戰(zhàn)。2>ReadthefollowingpassagecarefullyandtranslatetheunderlinedsentencesintoChinese.<1>雙方相信,應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化應(yīng)該尊重發(fā)展中國(guó)家把經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展作為優(yōu)先事項(xiàng),并相信向低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型是促進(jìn)所有國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)增長(zhǎng)和可持續(xù)發(fā)展的機(jī)會(huì)。<2>中美雙方?jīng)Q心根據(jù)各自國(guó)情采取重要減緩行動(dòng),并認(rèn)識(shí)到兩國(guó)在促成加強(qiáng)世界應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化能力的可持續(xù)成果方面具有重要作用。雙方?jīng)Q心支持這些承諾。<3>在此背景下,雙方致力于在哥本哈根會(huì)議達(dá)成最終的法律協(xié)議,同時(shí)相信,在共同但有區(qū)別的責(zé)任原則和各自能力的基礎(chǔ)上,達(dá)成的成果應(yīng)包括發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的減排目標(biāo)和發(fā)展中國(guó)家的國(guó)內(nèi)適當(dāng)減緩行動(dòng)。<4>基于中美兩國(guó)在電動(dòng)汽車領(lǐng)域的巨大投資,兩國(guó)政府宣布在十幾個(gè)城市開展聯(lián)合示范項(xiàng)目,并努力開發(fā)共同的技術(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)以推動(dòng)此產(chǎn)業(yè)規(guī)模快速增長(zhǎng)。<5>通過該伙伴關(guān)系,兩國(guó)將就大規(guī)模利用風(fēng)能、太陽(yáng)能、先進(jìn)生物燃料和現(xiàn)代電網(wǎng)制定路線,在設(shè)計(jì)和執(zhí)行實(shí)現(xiàn)這一遠(yuǎn)景所需的政策和技術(shù)手段方面進(jìn)行合作。TextBLivingaLowCarbonLifestyleKeytotheExercisesa.Fillintheblankswiththewordsorphrasesgivenbelow.Changetheformwherenecessary.<1>perilously<2>inharmonywith<3>tricky<4>nurture<5>makeadifference<6>insulated<7>deplete<8>stepback<9>sustain<10>bywayofb.Completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthetext.<1>moreefficient,kinder,fair,aboveallsustainable<2>keepyoucomfortable,makelifeeasier,dothethingsyouwanttodo<3>simplifythemeterreadingprocess,easyandenlightening,fun<4>arelinedandnotcoveringradiators<5>comingon,warmenough,you’renotheatingrooms<6>findabalancebetweentheactionswecando,havingtocompromiseonourqualityoflife<7>forthestrictlynecessaryamountoftime,hot/warmfood<8>thecurtains,thedoorsbetweenrooms<9>reducingourenergyconsumption,travellingmoreefficiently<10>easilyreusedandrecycled,withthelowestpackagingc.DecidewhetherthestatementisTRUEorFALSEaccordingtothetext.<1>T<2>F<3>T<4>F<5>F<6>F<7>T<8>F<9>T<10>FUnit4ArtificialIntelligenceTextATheFutureofArtificialIntelligence→III.KeystotheExercises1.ReadingComprehensiona.Choosethesentencethatbestexpressesthemeaningofthestatementfromthetext.<1>B<2>C<3>A<4>C<5>Ab.Fillintheblankswiththeinformationyou’velearnedinthetext.<1>cleanourfloors,mowourlawnsand,ingeneral,eliminatedrudgeryfromourlives<2>thecomputerbasedartificialbrainisstillwellbelowthelevelofsophisticationneededtobuildahumanlikerobot<3>thesamekindofperception,cognitionandthoughtashumans<4>generatepositiveandnegativereinforcementsignalsinpredefinedcircumstances<5>becomequiteformidableandwilloutperformhumanbeingsinanyconceivableareaofendeavor,intellectualorphysical2.Vocabularya.Fillintheblankswiththecorrectformofthewordsorphrasesyouhavelearnedinthetext.<1>attest<2>disoriented<3>elusive<4>negate<5>progeny<6>outstrip<7>versatile<8>meld<9>contingency<10>mainstayb.Choosethewordorphrasethatisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedone.<1>A<2>D<3>B<4>A<5>D<6>C<7>D<8>D<9>B<10>B3.ClozeChooseanappropriatewordorphrasefromthefollowinglisttofillineachofthefollowingblanks.EachonecanbeusedonlyONCE.Changetheformwherenecessary.<1>cover<2>battlefield<3>deployed<4>initiating<5>aerial<6>problematic<7>arise<8>mindful<9>vital<10>goes<11>robotics<12>provided<13>collection<14>ethical<15>endowed<16>traits<17>expression<18>dumb<19>guidelines<20>stupid4.Translationa.ChinesetoEnglish1>TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.<1>Itoftenhappens,however,thatthinkinglagsbehindreality;thisisbecauseman’scognitionislimitedbynumeroussocialconditions.<2>Somethingbigwasintheoffing,sobigthattheworkersattheSimonsonplanthadbeenvirtuallyplacedunderarresttopreventanyinformationfromleakingout.<3>Onlybyunderstandingthenatureofthinkingmode,canmanbringforthnewideasinphilosophy,andthecruxofphilosophicalinnovationliesinthechangeofman’sthinkingmode.<4>Fromthenon,hestruggledinhisattemptstoovercomehishumbleoriginsandinsinuatehimselfintoupperclasssociety.<5>It’safarcryfromthedayswhenIwasjustaclerkinasupermarketandnobodypaidmeanyattention.<6>Theinventionofmicroprocessorssetthestageforthearrivalofthemicrocomputer,orpersonalcomputer—anaffordablemachineforthemasses.<7>Sothere’snosuchthingasanenemyinabsoluteterms.Theenemieswefightareonlyinrelativeterms,constantlychangingwiththetimes.<8>Taiwan,viewedfromthehistoricalfactsandtheinternationallaw,isbeyonddisputeonepartofChinesesacredterritoryanditisaninviolablemissionoftheentireChinesepeopletoreunifythemotherland.2>TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoEnglish.Salesofprofessionalandpersonalservicerobotsworldwidewereestimatedtohavereachedabout5.5millionthisyear—andareexpectedtomorethandoubleto11.5millionby2011—yetthereislittleornocontroloverhowthesemachinesareused.Somehelpbusyprofessionalsentertainchildren;othermachinesfeedandbathetheelderlyandincapacitated."Weneedtolookatguidelinesforacutoffsowehavealimittothecontactwithrobots"oneexpertsaid."Somerobotsdesignedtolookafterchildrenwiththemforhours,orevendays.Attheotherendoftheagespectrumtochildcare,therelativeincreaseinmanycountriesinthepopulationoftheelderlyrelativetoavailableyoungercaregivershasspurredthedevelopmentofeldercarerobots."b.EnglishtoChinese1>TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoChinese.計(jì)算的能力當(dāng)然與生存無(wú)關(guān),然而隨著語(yǔ)言改變了人類的文化,至少是我們大腦的一小部分已進(jìn)化成了一種勉強(qiáng)可以稱為通用機(jī)器的東西。這個(gè)機(jī)器的一個(gè)特點(diǎn)就是它能服從一系列隨意的指令,而這些指令可以通過語(yǔ)言進(jìn)行傳遞并得以執(zhí)行。但是由于我們把數(shù)字看成是復(fù)雜的東西,將它們寫下來并用以完成其它類似的功能,所以我們處理數(shù)字的方式顯得非常笨拙,并且效率不高。我們用上百億個(gè)神經(jīng)細(xì)胞花好幾分鐘進(jìn)行的運(yùn)算通過上百個(gè)計(jì)算機(jī),尤其是那些經(jīng)過重新設(shè)置用于計(jì)算的計(jì)算機(jī),可以在幾毫秒就完成。2>ReadthefollowingpassagecarefullyandtranslatetheunderlinedsentencesintoChinese.<1>但它們并不是用高出一籌的邏輯和力量統(tǒng)治人類,而是有可能導(dǎo)致一個(gè)與他人完全隔絕的底層人群的產(chǎn)生。<2>機(jī)器人正被引入潛在的敏感情境中,這可能導(dǎo)致<被服務(wù)者>與世隔絕的狀態(tài),因?yàn)槿藗冊(cè)诮o機(jī)器人設(shè)定指令后,往往很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間不再問津。<3>許多機(jī)器人被設(shè)計(jì)成玩具,但它們也能扮演照看孩子的角色:監(jiān)督孩子的一舉一動(dòng),通過無(wú)線電腦連接或移動(dòng)電話與另一個(gè)房間甚至另一座建筑物內(nèi)的家長(zhǎng)聯(lián)絡(luò)。<4>但是由于機(jī)器人保姆能在身體上保護(hù)孩子的安全,可能會(huì)造成孩子一天數(shù)小時(shí)或者幾天都不與人接觸,同時(shí)不同程度的與社會(huì)隔絕對(duì)孩子成長(zhǎng)可能造成的心理影響目前還不清楚。<5>護(hù)理老年人的機(jī)器人能幫助老年人在自己家中自理,但它們的存在可能會(huì)使老年人完全處于機(jī)器人照顧之下,從而面臨缺乏足夠的與人交流機(jī)會(huì)的危險(xiǎn)。TextBRevengeoftheNerdsKeytotheExercisesa.Fillintheblankswiththewordsorphrasesgivenbelow.Changetheformwherenecessary.<1>infullswing<2>awestruck<3>imminent<4>daunting<5>affable<6>relish<7>omniscience<8>outlandish<9>alien<10>harnessb.Completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthetext.<1>theSiliconValleydollar<2>thetransformativemoment<3>"theworld’sfirstcyborg"<4>currentsingularitarianinchief,inventorRayKurzweil<5>genetics,nanotechnologyandrobotics<6>Thesenseofimminenceandimmediacy<7>notjustlanguagebutcomplexabstractions<8>anythingbeingdangerousorsentient<9>peoplewerescaredofthesemachines<10>cryonicsuspensionc.DecidewhetherthestatementisTRUEorFALSEaccordingtothetext.T<2>F<3>T<4>F<5>F<6>F<7>T<8>T<9>T<10>Funit6UrbanLifeTextAHowtheCityHurtsYourBrain,andWhatYouCanDoaboutIt

→III.KeytotheExercises1.ReadingComprehensiona.Choosethesentencethatbestexpressesthemeaningofthestatementfromthetext.<1>C<2>A<3>B<4>B<5>Cb.Fillintheblankswiththeinformationyou?velearnedinthetext.<1>thecityhasalwaysbeenanengineofintellectuallife;itisnoteasytoliveinthecitybecauseitspreadsterriblediseasesandisfarawayfromnaturewithconsiderablepressures<2>itforcesourbraintotakeenergyandefforttomonitoreverypotentialthreatonthebusyandnoisystreetsandconstantlyredirectsourattention,whichexploitsoneofthecrucialweakspotsofthebrain<3>naturalsettingsarefullofobjectsthatautomaticallycaptureourattentionwithouttriggeringanegativeemotionalresponseandthusourbrainwhichdirectsattentioncanrelaxdeeplyandreplenishitself<4>thebrainisassaultedwithtemptationsandresistingthesetemptationsrequiresthebraintousethepartofitthatisresponsiblefordirectedattention,whichmeansthatit?salreadybeenexhaustedbywalkingaroundthecityandthenwillfailtoexertselfcontrol<5>theyarethecentersofsocialactivitiesthatlargelyleadtourbancreativityasstrangersinteractwitheachotherinunpredictableways2.Vocabularya.Fillintheblankswiththecorrectformofthewordsorphrasesyouhavelearnedinthetext.<1>overlooking<2>migrations<3>thoroughfare<4>layout<5>hectic<6>wellspring<7>corollary<8>undiluted<9>myriad<10>vibrantb.Choosethewordorphrasethatisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedone.<1>B<2>B<3>A<4>D<5>C<6>D<7>A<8>A<9>B<10>D3.ClozeChooseanappropriatewordorphrasefromthefollowinglisttofillineachofthefollowingblanks.EachonecanbeusedonlyONCE.Changetheformwherenecessary.<1>control<2>otherwise<3>revenue<4>neighboring<5>announced<6>crossroads<7>taking<8>imposing<9>maximize<10>prosperity<11>rather<12>though<13>accomplish<14>making<15>pave<16>gradually<17>sparing<18>Under<19>instead<20>lower4.Translationa.ChinesetoEnglish1>TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.<1>TherearealotmorewonderfulandexcitingthingswaitingforyouinNewBeijing,adynamicmodernmetropoliswith3,000yearsofculturalandhistoricaltreasureswovenintotheurbanprosperity.<2>Heissuchanenthusiasticfootballfanthathetendstoholdforthonhisfavoriteteamwheneveritismentioned.<3>Theeducationalsystemhastobeabletooutfittheyounggenerationwithnecessaryknowledge,attitudesandvaluesthatwouldensuretheyareintimeforthenewageinwhichtheremightbenojobsbutonlyopportunities.<4>Theanxiousmothersearchedhighandlowforhermissingson,onlytofindhimsleepingsoundinthemessoftoysinhisownbedroom.<5>Inordertofindbetterdetectionandtreatment,thehospitalwillactivelycooperatewithalocalresearchinstitutetolookforgeneticmarkersthatcorrelatewiththischronicdisease.<6>Theaccountingsystemofanenterpriseconsistsofthemethods,procedures,anddevicesusedbyaneconomicentitytokeeptrackofitsfinancialactivitiesandtosummarizetheseactivities.<7>Whenshegraduatedfromcollege,Cindydecidedtogobacktoworkintheorphanagewhereshehadbeenbroughtup,becauseherheartwasoverstuffedwithgratitudeandwarmthforthosewhohadgenerouslyhelpedherinhergrowthandshewantedtobelikethemalsotogivehelptothekidswhohadlosttheirparents.<8>NASAplannedtosplurgeonthefeasibilityoftheprojectofsendingastronautstoMarsandhavingthemsettledownonit.2>TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoEnglish.Expo2010ShanghaiisthefirstExpoheldbyadevelopingcountry,thefirstheldinthedowntownareaofamegacity,anditwasheldundertheshadowoftheinternationalfinancialcrisis.ThisisaseveretesttoChinaandShanghai.Overthepasteightyears,wemobilizedresourcesthroughoutthecountryandpooledthewisdomoftheworldinthepreparationfortheExpo.ThepeopleofShanghai,inparticular,madeselflesscontributionsandtheInternationalExhibitionsBureauandhostcountriesofpastExposprovidedvaluableguidance.ThesuccessoftheExpocouldnothavebeenpossiblewithoutthetirelesseffortsofmanypeople,includingtheorganizers,constructionworkers,staffmembers,visitorsandvolunteers.Itistheirsincerity,wisdomandhardworkthathaverenderedsplendortotheExpo.OnbehalfoftheChinesegovernment,Iwishtoexpressheartfeltgratitudeandpayhightributetoallthecomradesandfriendswhohaveparticipatedin,supportedandcontributedtotheShanghaiExpo.b.EnglishtoChinese1>TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoChinese.然而,這些大草原式的公園實(shí)際上對(duì)大腦并無(wú)多少益處。在最近發(fā)表的一篇論文中,昆士蘭大學(xué)生態(tài)學(xué)家理查德?富勒發(fā)現(xiàn),綠色空間的心理效益與植物種類的多樣性密切相關(guān)。如果一個(gè)城市公園中樹木的品種較多,則在這里呆過的受試者在各種心理健康測(cè)試中的得分都較高,至少與其在生物多樣性較少的公園呆過后相比是這樣。"我們非常擔(dān)憂城市化對(duì)于其他物種的影響,"富勒說。"但是我們?nèi)祟愐彩艿搅擞绊?。綠色空間能讓我們放松、休息,這就是對(duì)其進(jìn)行投資的重要原因。"2>ReadthefollowingpassagecarefullyandtranslatetheunderlinedsentencesintoChinese.<1>二月份在位于東69號(hào)大街附近風(fēng)景如畫的公園人行道上,一棵美國(guó)榆樹的樹干斷落,造成一名46歲的布魯克林男子死亡,其原因是厚重的積雪使之不堪重負(fù)。<2>"除非把城市中的每一棵樹都砍倒,否則無(wú)法保證樹干脫落的情況不會(huì)發(fā)生,"市長(zhǎng)在新聞發(fā)布會(huì)上說道。<3>為了減少意外事故的危險(xiǎn),位于中央公園的25000棵樹木受到定期檢查、修剪——這一任務(wù)落在了"中央公園保護(hù)組織"身上,這是一個(gè)私人的非營(yíng)利性組織,承擔(dān)公園大部分的日常維護(hù)、經(jīng)營(yíng)和預(yù)算任務(wù)。<4>紐約市五百二十萬(wàn)棵樹木的其它部分由城市公園管理部負(fù)責(zé)維護(hù),該部門20XX處理了8500個(gè)有關(guān)危險(xiǎn)樹枝的報(bào)告,伐除已死亡或存在潛在危險(xiǎn)的樹干、樹枝。<5>布魯伯格20XX宣布,作為改善公共衛(wèi)生及環(huán)境方案的一部分,未來十年還要在紐約再種植一百萬(wàn)棵樹木,因此這些數(shù)字還有可能增長(zhǎng)。TextBTheNewAgeCavemenandtheCityKeytotheExercisesa.Fillintheblankswiththewordsorphrasesgivenbelow.Changetheformwherenecessary.<1>indisputable<2>arereplicated<3>communal<4>solitary<5>aspiring<6>misdemeanor<7>intermittently<8>jaunty<9>indigenous<10>hardcoreb.Completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthetext.<1>spookafemaleguest<2>thatwereunavailable<3>sprintingandjumping<4>allaroundphysicallyfitmen<5>areferencestandard<6>achallengingenvironment<7>"huntergatherer"<8>varioushardships<9>scowledatatomatoplant<10>aregainofthefortitudec.DecidewhetherthestatementisTRUEorFALSEaccordingtothetext.<1>F<2>F<3>F<4>T<5>T<6>F<7>F<8>T<9>T<10>TUnit7MassMediaTextAATVCriticinthePostTVWorld→III.KeytotheExercises1.ReadingComprehensiona.Choosethesentencethatbestexpressesthemeaningofthestatementfromthetext.<1>B<2>C<3>B<4>A<5>Ab.Fillintheblankswiththeinformationyou’velearnedinthetext.<1>downloadingTVtoavoidads,Netflixingseriestowatchtheminonebigmarathon,enjoyingtheconvenienceorportability,cuttingthecableorsatellitebillstosavemoneyinhardtimes,usingonlinevideoasabackup<2>youexperiencedabroadcastexactlywhenandhowmillionsofothersdid:youdiditathome,withfriendsorfamily,infrontofastationarymachineinadedicatedroom,preferablywithsnackchips;TVbroadcastshavebecomerawmaterialtobeorganizedandeditedinacollectiveonlinecanonforyoutoviewonlinewheneverandwherever<3>fivetosevenminutesseemtobethesweetspotforawebisode,ifavideodoesn’tgrabhimimmediately,hekillsit;ifashowdoesengagehim,theconnectionisdeeperbecausehewillfocusonitphysicallyandmentally<4>findingashowonlineismorelikerummagingthroughanewandusedbookstore;likereading,viewingonlineTVissolitarybecauseyoudon’tgatherthefamilyaroundyou;whenviewingonlineTV,youholdascreeninyourhand,balancealaptoporsitatadesk.Likeholdingabookwhilereading,there’sasmallbutconstanteffort,thetiniestbitofphysicalfeedback<5>thedifferencesbetweenbigscreenandtinyscreen;whetherthestoryshownonthescreencanbegoodenoughtotouchhisemotionandtolingerandreplayinsidehishead2.Vocabularya.Fillintheblankswiththecorrectformofthewordsorphrasesyouhavelearnedinthetext.<1>piracy<2>budget<3>whir<4>animation<5>stationary<6>tactile<7>faucet<8>lush<9>rummage<10>premiereb.Choosethewordorphrasethatisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedone.<1>B<2>D<3>A<4>C<5>B<6>A<7>A<8>D<9>C<10>B3.ClozeChooseanappropriatewordorphrasefromthefollowinglisttofillineachofthefollowingblanks.EachonecanbeusedonlyONCE.Changetheformwherenecessary.<1>where<2>with<3>multitude<4>promote<5>possible<6>without<7>become<8>notorious<9>Only<10>consisted<11>primarily<12>multiple<13>increasingly<14>focus<15>dominated<16>as<17>controversial<18>While<19>influence<20>perspectives4.Translationa.ChinesetoEnglish1>TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.<1>NowpeopleinTibetarehighlyconsciousoftheimportanceofprotectingwildanimals,andtheoncerampanthuntingofTibetanantelopeshasbeenbroughtundercontrol.<2>Thejournalisthadbeentravelingalotlately—toIcelandtointerviewthefamousactressthere;toHollywoodfortheOscars—buthewasstingywithdetails.<3>Weshouldadheretothepolicyofexpandingdomesticdemand,continuetoimplementtheproactivefiscalpolicyandprudentmonetarypolicy,andensureadoublepulleffectoneconomicgrowthfrombothconsumptiondemandandinvestmentdemand.<4>TheemployeesoftheHumanResourceDepartmenthavetosiftthroughverycarefullytheapplicationformsthatjustcameinthismorningtoseparatethewheatfromthechaff.<5>Makingitsdebutin1994,Friendsanditscastofeasygoingsinglepeoplecaughtonwithviewerslookingforanescapefromthefastpaced1990s.<6>OnthenewPocketPCs,theinterfacelooksmorelikePalm’s,completewithlargericonsandfewerpulldownmenus.<7>Overthenextfiveyears,hecontinuedtoevolvehisownuniquemusicalstyle—astylethatwouldbecomethetemplateforawholenewmusicalgenre.<8>WhatIlovemostistoarriveinaplaceIhaveneverbeenbeforeandimmersemyselfinanewcultureandenvironment—toexperiencefirsthandwhatIthoughtIknew,butwhichturnsouttobemuchmoreinterestingandsurprisingonceyouarethere.2>TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoEnglish.JournalistsandTVpeople,weknow,aresupposedtorecordwhatgoeson;butintryingtogetthebestrecordtheycan,theymaysometimesseemamazinglycoldblooded.Someoftheseediestofjournalists,whetherwe’retalkingabouttheMiddleEastorNorthernIreland,arethosewhopileonesetofadjectiveslikesqualid,butchering,oppressiveforterrorismofwhoseaimstheydisapprove,andquiteanothersetlikecommittedordedicatedforthesamethingdonebythosetheylike.Butthatisfarfromthewholeproblem.Peoplecomplainjournalistsnotbecausethattheybehavebadlyinthecourseofduty,butfortheirinabilitytorecoilintoahumanbeingwhenit’sover.b.EnglishtoChinese1>TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoChinese.像閱讀一樣,在線看電視是一項(xiàng)較為孤獨(dú)的活動(dòng)。你不會(huì)把家人聚集在你的麥金塔電腦跟前看"超級(jí)碗"的比賽。然而在某些方面在線看電視又更具社會(huì)交往性。由于沒有網(wǎng)絡(luò)電視收視指南可依靠——雖然一些剛起步的公司,如eG,正在朝這個(gè)方向努力——因此你的社會(huì)關(guān)系就成為了你的電視指南。那種促使人們定期收看電視節(jié)目的社交互動(dòng)性,憑借手中的筆記本電腦,甚至?xí)兊酶又苯用芮?。?dāng)我收看《迷失》的時(shí)候,總是會(huì)急于在博客上發(fā)帖——一方面是想發(fā)表自己的看法,但更多是想看到別人"灌"的評(píng)論,想了解他們的看法。節(jié)目播完了,可好戲才剛剛上演。2>ReadthefollowingpassagecarefullyandtranslatetheunderlinedsentencesintoChinese.<1>據(jù)說,PowerPoint正在將語(yǔ)篇簡(jiǎn)化為點(diǎn)句。搜索引擎則降低了我們的智力,使我們只是浮光掠影般地接受知識(shí)而非追求知識(shí)的深度。<2>20世紀(jì)50年代,當(dāng)漫畫連環(huán)冊(cè)被指責(zé)將青少年變成不良分子時(shí),當(dāng)時(shí)的犯罪率卻降到了歷史最低。同樣,與20世紀(jì)90年代對(duì)電視游戲的討伐相伴隨的是美國(guó)犯罪率的大幅下降。<3>我們不妨以科學(xué)的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r來進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證,因?yàn)榭茖W(xué)要求高水平的腦力勞動(dòng),是否有新發(fā)現(xiàn)是其明確的衡量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。如今,科學(xué)家們已經(jīng)變得離不開電子郵件,幾乎不用紙張,沒有PowerPoint就沒法講課。<4>就像原始人認(rèn)為吃猛獸會(huì)使他們變得兇猛,媒體批評(píng)家們?cè)O(shè)想,觀看快速剪輯的搖滾視頻會(huì)把你的精神生活變成快速剪切,而閱讀點(diǎn)句和Twitter上的帖子會(huì)使你的思想簡(jiǎn)化為要點(diǎn)和微博。<5>人們并非自然而然就可獲得深刻思考、徹底調(diào)查和嚴(yán)格論證這樣的習(xí)慣。這些習(xí)慣必須到我們稱為"大學(xué)"的特殊機(jī)構(gòu)習(xí)得,必須通過我們所謂"分析、批判和辯論"的不斷錘煉來維持。TextBWhatisMassMediaKeytotheExercisesa.Fillintheblankswiththewordsorphrasesgivenbelow.Changetheformwherenecessary.<1>mediation<2>bestow<3>deceptively<4>censorship<5>caterto<6>elite<7>prevalent<8>coincidewith<9>imperative<10>consensusb.Completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthetext.<1>purpose,scope,culturalcontext<2>factsandinterpretationoffacts<3>newspapers,radio,computer<4>decidingwhattoreport<5>crime,disaster,conflict<6>hoisttheirplacards,startchanting<7>tightbudgetsandfiercecompetition<8>exertscontroloverthemedia<9>Technologicaladvances<10>stabilizingandcivilizingc.DecidewhetherthestatementisTRUEorFALSEaccordingtothetext.<1>F<2>T<3>F<4>F<5>T<6>T<7>F<8>F<9>F<10>FUnit9CarCultureTextACars—ParadiseFoundandParadiseLost

→III.KeytotheExercises1.ReadingComprehensionChoosethesentencethatbestexpressesthemeaningofthestatementfromthetext.<1>B<2>C<3>C<4>A<5>Bb.Fillintheblankswiththeinformationyou?velearnedinthetext.<1>individualistic;innovative<2>sendtheirproductstodistantmarkets;thedemandsoffamilystructure;socialmobility;theoutsideworld;convenientservices;familycare<3>unbalancedmaterialandcultural;inequality<4>theimprovementincardesign;supportfromsomeemergingindustries<5>theinfluencesofconsumerculture;radicalandeconomicsegregation2.Vocabularya.Fillintheblankswiththecorrectformofthewordsorphrasesyouhavelearnedinthetext.<1>perpetuate<2>posed<3>Skepticism<4>stereotypical<5>unflinching<6>Infatuation<7>breadwinner<8>cliché<9>degradation<10>avantgardeb.Choosethewordorphrasethatisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedone.<1>B<2>A<3>A<4>D<5>D<6>D<7>B<8>A<9>B<10>D3.ClozeChooseanappropriatewordorphrasefromthefollowinglisttofillineachofthefollowingblanks.EachonecanbeusedonlyONCE.Changetheformwherenecessary.<1>expensive<2>suggested<3>Inthefaceof<4>embodiment<5>unemployed<6>risen<7>onceabandoned<8>undergoing<9>ultimate<10>deeper<11>accessible<12>dealt<13>connections<14>localised<15>pointout<16>supermarket<17>question<18>dot<19>isolated<20>afford4.Translationa.ChinesetoEnglish1>TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.<1>Afterthirtyyears’

experienceofreformandopeningup,Chinesepeoplehavecometorealizethatneweconomyandglobalizationhavebecomeanunavoidablefactandanirreversibletrend.<2>Thishearttohearttalkbetweenthetwocountrieshelpedtoeliminatetheirdeepseatedmisunderstanding,andappropriatelysolvetheirtradedisputes,thuscreatingawinwinsituation.<3>TherewassuchanoutcrywhentheGovernmentputforwarditsproposalsthatitwasforcedtobowbeforethestormandwithdrawthem.<4>Thesedocumentsreflectthecentralauthorities?

deepunderstandingoftheimportantpositionandro1eofthepopulationissueandtheirfirmdeterminationtotakecomprehensivemeasurestoaddressthepopulationproblem.<5>Tobetterpreparethesoilforplantingwheat,thefarmershadtheirfieldchurnedupbytractors.<6>ManylargecompaniesoutsourcetheirWebsitestohostingcompaniesbecausethosecompaniesoffermanagementservices,takingcareofsecurity,updatingsoftwareandprovidingsitemonitoringservices.<7>Toobtainlastingpeace,itisimperativetoabandonthecoldwarmentality,cultivateanewconceptofsecurityandseekanewwaytosafeguardpeace.<8>Hehadonequitereasonableofferforhisusedcar,butturneditdown.Thenhecouldfindnotakeratall.Helearnedwithavengeancethatabirdinthehandisworthtwointhebush.2>TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoEnglish.AlthoughHenryFord?snameiscloselyassociatedwiththeconceptofmassproduction,heshouldreceiveequalcreditforintroducinglaborpracticesasearlyas1913thatwouldbeconsideredadvancedevenbytoday?sstandards.Safetymeasureswereimproved,andtheworkdaywasreducedtoeighthours,comparedwiththetenortwelvehourdaycommonatthetime.Inordertoaccommodatetheshorterworkday,theentirefactorywasconvertedfromtwotothreeshifts.Inaddition,sickleavesaswellasimprovedmedicalcareforthoseinjuredonthejobwereinstituted.TheFordMotorCompanywasoneofthefirstfactoriestodevelopatechnicalschooltotrainspecializedskilledlaborersandanEnglishlanguageschoolforimmigrants.Someeffortswereevenmadetohirethehandicappedandprovidejobsforformerconvicts.Themostwidelyacclaimedinnovationwasthefivedollaradayminimumwagethatwasofferedinordertorecruitandretainthebestmechanicsandtodiscouragethegrowthoflaborunions.b.EnglishtoChinese1>TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoChinese.汽車是20世紀(jì)最持久的自由象征之一,是現(xiàn)代生活中的佩加索斯,帶領(lǐng)人們一頭扎入未來的漩渦,也使得人們能夠遠(yuǎn)離生活中的種種煩愁。自從汽車誕生后,藝術(shù)家們抑或以它為主題抑或以它為目標(biāo),創(chuàng)造和延續(xù)一個(gè)又一個(gè)現(xiàn)代神話。然而,塞翁得馬,焉知非禍。飛馬佩加索斯在被英雄柏勒羅豐俘獲后幫助其完成了一件件偉大的功績(jī),但當(dāng)它發(fā)現(xiàn)柏勒羅豐自我膨脹后就突然消失得無(wú)影無(wú)蹤。這難道不是對(duì)現(xiàn)代人類的一個(gè)警示嗎——爬得高,跌得狠。同樣地,汽車也給人類光明的前程埋下了巨大的隱患。2>ReadthefollowingpassagecarefullyandtranslatetheunderlinedsentencesintoChinese.<1>哪怕是瞄一眼那制作精美的固特異輪胎,摸一下那流線型的車體,看一眼那一對(duì)鼓出的前燈,都會(huì)使我們目瞪口呆,突然感覺到那匹灰色的母馬已不再是一匹普通的馬了。<2>過去的這些年里,我們離鬧市中心越來越遠(yuǎn),這就意味著我們必須把越來越多,甚至全部的時(shí)間耗在上下班的路上。<3>我從來沒有聽說過有人對(duì)著干衣機(jī)或洗碗機(jī)發(fā)火,更沒聽說過有人對(duì)著冰箱發(fā)火,因?yàn)槿藗冎肋@些東西是幫我們節(jié)省體力的,但汽車不但不幫我們節(jié)省體力,還反過來害得我們?cè)絹碓叫量唷?lt;4>人們對(duì)汽車的狂熱在慢慢地冷卻下來,也開始忘卻我們所欠汽車的債,但同時(shí),這個(gè)尖頭的好事之徒卻不肯就此放過我們。生活在鬧市中心的我們雖然能僥幸一兩次躲過它尖頭的碰撞,但下一次卻不一定能那么快脫身。<5>人們又假借安全、控制排放、燃料經(jīng)濟(jì)的名義,把那個(gè)原本簡(jiǎn)單精巧的車體變得越來越笨重,以至于到了不可思議的程度。TextBTheBirthoftheAmericanAutoIndustryKeytotheExercisesa.Fillintheblankswiththewordsorphrasesgivenbelow.Changetheformwherenecessary.<1>showup<2>competewith<3>collidedwith<4>franchise<5>startling<6>intent<7>contestant?s<8>loseout<9>humiliate<10>differentialb.Completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthetext.<1>fiasco,delayed<2>horselesscarriages<3>Kohlstaat<4>teamofhorses,ditch<5>covered,unableto<6>Germancars,clear<7>fatigueandexcitement,finishline<8>electricorsteampower<9>refusedtobelieve<10>cold,snowyDetroitstreetsc.DecidewhetherthestatementisTRUEorFALSEaccordingtothetext.<1>T<2>F<3>T<4>F<5>T<6>F<7>T<8>F<9>F<10>FUnit11→III.KeytotheExercises1.ReadingComprehensiona.Choosethesentencethatbestexpressesthemeaningofthestatementfromthetext.<1>B<2>C<3>A<4>C<5>Bb.Fillintheblankswiththeinformationyou?velearnedinthetext.<1>introducethepresentsituationofhistoricheritagesitesandthefuturepreservationofculturalheritageinIndia<2>whatusedtobeabricktombfusingPersianandMughalstylesthatsomehowcontributedtothedesignofthefamousTajMahalacenturylater,nowischangedintoatoilet<3>themostfamousheritagesuchastheTajMahal,Ha