浙江師范大學(xué)外國語學(xué)院211翻譯碩士英語專業(yè)碩士歷年考研真題及詳解

目錄

2011年浙江師范大學(xué)211翻譯碩士英語

考研真題及詳解

2012年浙江師范大學(xué)211翻譯碩士英語

考研真題及詳解

2013年浙江師范大學(xué)211翻譯碩士英語

考研真題及詳解

2011年浙江師范大學(xué)211翻譯碩士英語考研真題及詳解

I.VocabularyandGrammar(30%,1.5pointseach)

Directions:BeneatheachsentencetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,

B,CandD.Choosetheanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.Markyour

answersonyourANSWERSHEET.

1．Thesesmallfirms_____notlongagoinordertomeettheincreasing

demandsformoreelectricalappliances.

A.clustered

B.assembled

C.linked

D.amalgamated

【答案】D

【解析】句意：為了應(yīng)對電子設(shè)備需求的增長，這些小公司前不久實(shí)現(xiàn)

了合并。選項(xiàng)中四個單詞均有“聚集、合攏”的意思，但側(cè)重點(diǎn)不同。

（機(jī)構(gòu)、公司）amalgamate合并。cluster（人）聚集。assemble集合；組

裝。link聯(lián)系。因此，本題的正確答案為D。

2．Myaunthasdecidedtospendher_____yearsinthesuburbsof

Shanghai.

A.diminishing

B.declining

C.reducing

D.dwindling

【答案】B

【解析】句意：我的阿姨決定在上海的郊區(qū)安度她的晚年。本題考查慣

用搭配。選項(xiàng)中四個單詞均有“下降、減少”的意思，但只有declining

years為慣用搭配，意為“晚年”。因此，本題的正確答案為B。

3．Thematterisnottobe_____.

A.watchedfor

B.waitedon

C.takenover

D.trifledwith

【答案】D

【解析】句意：這件事不容忽略。triflewith玩忽；怠慢。watchfor密切

關(guān)注。waiton等待；觀望。takeover接手管理。因此，本題的正確答案

為D。

4．Attheimmortaltouchofthyhandsmylittleheartlosesitslimitsinjoy

andgivesbirthtoutterance_____.

A.touchable

B.irresistible

C.marvelous

D.ineffable

【答案】D

【解析】句意：在你雙手的不朽的按撫下，我的小小的心，消融在無邊

快樂之中，發(fā)出不可言說的詞調(diào)。ineffable難以形容的；妙不可言的。

touchable可接觸的。irresistible無法抗拒的，誘惑人的。marvelous不可

思議的；引起驚異的。因此，本題的正確答案為D。

5．Fromthe_____ofthenegotiations,itwasclearthatitwouldbehardfor

thetwosidestoreachanagreement.

A.outbreak

B.outlook

C.outset

D.onset

【答案】D

【解析】句意：從談判一開始的情況來看，很明顯，雙方很難達(dá)成共

識。onset開始，開端（尤指不愉快事情的開端）。outbreak爆發(fā)。

outlook前景；觀點(diǎn)。outset開始，一般用在詞組attheoutset和fromthe

outset中，意為“一開始”。因此，本題的正確答案為D。

6．_____inthepast,atthemomentitisafavoritechoiceforweddinggown.

A.Unpopularhasaswhitebeen

B.Whitehasbeenasunpopular

C.Unpopularhasbeenaswhite

D.Unpopularaswhitehasbeen

【答案】D

【解析】句意：盡管過去白色婚紗不受歡迎，但是現(xiàn)在它卻是人們最偏

愛的選擇。as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時，形容詞放置在句首時，從句要部分

倒裝，形式是“形容詞+as+主語+動詞”。因此，本題的正確答案為D。

7．Asthetrainwillnotleaveuntilonehourlater,we_____grababiteatthe

snackbar.

A.maywell

B.justaswell

C.mightaswell

D.aswell

【答案】C

【解析】句意：既然火車要到一個小時以后才開，我們不妨去小吃店吃

一頓。mightaswell不妨；倒不如。maywell（很）可能。justaswell幸

好。aswell也。因此，本題的正確答案為C。

8．Sheresortedto_____whenshehadnomoneytobuyfoodsforher

children.

A.havestolen

B.steal

C.stole

D.stealing

【答案】D

【解析】句意：當(dāng)她淪落到?jīng)]錢給孩子買吃的時候，她開始偷東西。

resortto訴諸；求助于，其中的to為介詞，后加名詞或動名詞。因此，本

題的正確答案為D。

9．_____money,sheisquiterich.However,thisdoesnotmeanthatsheis

happy.

A.Concerning

B.Asto

C.Intermsof

D.Inthelightof

【答案】C

【解析】句意：在金錢上，她非常富裕。但這不意味著她是快樂的。in

termsof就……而言，在……方面。concerning關(guān)于，涉及。asto至于。

inthelightof考慮到，鑒于。因此，本題的正確答案為C。

10．Itis_____withthecustomernottolettheshopassistantsguesswhat

shereallylikesandwantsuntilthelastmoment.

A.inherhonor

B.onherhonor

C.apointofhonor

D.anhonor

【答案】C

【解析】句意：讓店員不到最后不去猜顧客真正喜歡的是為維護(hù)顧客面

子必須要做的事。apointofhonor為維護(hù)面子而必須做的事。inone’s

honor向……表示敬意；祝賀。onone’shonor以名譽(yù)擔(dān)保。因此，本題

的正確答案為C。

11．Aninstitutionthatproperlycarriesthenameuniversityisamore

comprehensiveandcomplexinstitutionthananyotherkindofhigher

education_____.

A.settlement

B.establishment

C.construction

D.structure

【答案】B

【解析】句意：大學(xué)是一個比任何其他高等教育機(jī)構(gòu)都更為綜合和復(fù)雜

的機(jī)構(gòu)。establishment機(jī)構(gòu)；大型組織。settlement定居點(diǎn)；解決。

construction建筑物。structure（建筑內(nèi)部的）結(jié)構(gòu)。因此，本題的正確

答案為B。

12．Jackisso_____tohisappearancethatheneverhashisclothespressed.

A.adverse

B.anonymous

C.indifferent

D.casual

【答案】C

【解析】句意：杰克壓根不在意自己的外貌，他從來不會把衣服熨平

整。indifferent漠不關(guān)心的，一般不用于名詞前，常用作表語。casual隨

意的，漫不經(jīng)心的，一般用于名詞前，如acasualremark。adverse有害

的。anonymous匿名的。因此，本題的正確答案為C。

13．I_____withtheBrownsduringmystayinNewYorkCity.

A.putin

B.putdown

C.puton

D.putup

【答案】D

【解析】句意：待在紐約的那段時間，我一直忍受著布朗一家。本題考

查固定搭配，只有putupwith為固定搭配，意為“忍受”。因此，本題的

正確答案為D。

14．Outsidemyofficewindowthereisafire_____ontheright.

A.escape

B.ladder

C.steps

D.stairs

【答案】A

【解析】句意：我辦公室窗戶外的右側(cè)有一處防火梯。本題考查慣用搭

配，fireescape防火梯。因此，本題的正確答案為A。

15．Ourcivilizationcannotbethoughtofas_____inashortperiodoftime.

A.tohavebeencreated

B.tobecreated

C.havingbeencreated

D.beingcreated

【答案】C

【解析】句意：我們不能認(rèn)為我們的文明是在短時間內(nèi)被創(chuàng)造出來的。

bethoughtofas后一般接名詞或動名詞，故排除A、B。根據(jù)句意可推

測，時間為過去時態(tài)，故排除D。因此，本題的正確答案為C。

16．Hemighthavebeenkilled_____thetimelyarrivaloftheambulance.

A.butfor

B.exceptfor

C.besides

D.except

【答案】A

【解析】句意：要不是救護(hù)車來得及時，他估計已經(jīng)過世了。由“might

havebeen”可推測本題考查虛擬式，butfor要不是。exceptfor除……之

外。besides此外。except除……之外。因此，本題的正確答案為A。

17．Theirhappinesswasvery_____.

A.crisp

B.brittle

C.delicate

D.fragile

【答案】B

【解析】句意：他們的幸福十分脆弱。選項(xiàng)中四個單詞都與“脆弱”有

關(guān)，但修飾的對象不同。brittle（性情，情感）脆弱的。crisp（食物）

酥脆的。delicate（物件）易損的，易碎的。fragile（物件）易碎的；

（身體）虛弱的。因此，本題的正確答案為B。

18．DoyouknowJohnson’sbrother?Heis_____thanJohnson.

A.muchmorebusinessman

B.moreofabusinessman

C.moreofbusinessman

D.moreabusinessman

【答案】B

【解析】句意：你知道約翰遜的哥哥嗎？他比約翰遜更有商人的氣

派?！癿oreof+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)相當(dāng)于形容詞。因此，本題的正確答案為B。

19．Thatwasnotthefirsttimehe_____us.Ithinkit’shightimewe_____

strongactionsagainsthim.

A.betrayed…take

B.hadbetrayed…took

C.hasbetrayed…took

D.hasbetrayed…take

【答案】B

【解析】句意：這不是他第一次背叛我們了，我覺得是時候得采取強(qiáng)制

的行動抵制他了?！癷tisthefirsttime+現(xiàn)在完成時”，主句的謂語動詞

為“was”，為過去時態(tài)，因此后接過去完成時?！癷tishightime+

should+動詞原形”（should不可以省略）或“itishightime+動詞的一般過

去式”。因此，本題的正確答案為B。

20．BeforeMr.Smithbecametheheadofthefactory,ourproduction_____

atasnail’space.

A.crawled

B.climbed

C.slipped

D.crept

【答案】A

【解析】句意：在史密斯先生成為工廠廠長之前，我們廠的生產(chǎn)速度非

常慢。crawl緩慢地爬行。climb攀登。slip滑倒，滑落。creep悄悄地緩慢

地行進(jìn)。因此，本題的正確答案為A。

II.Readingcomprehension(40%)

Section1Multiplechoice(2pointseach)

Directions:Inthissectiontherearereadingpassagesfollowedbymultiple-

choicequestions.Readthepassagesandthenmarkyouranswersonyour

ANSWERSHEET.

PassageA

TherearemanytheoriesaboutthebeginningofdramainancientGreece.The

onemostwidelyacceptedtodayisbasedontheassumptionthatdrama

evolvedfromritual.Theargumentforthisviewgoesasfollows.Inthe

beginning,humanbeingsviewedthenaturalforcesoftheworld,eventhe

seasonalchanges,asunpredictable,andtheysoughtthroughvariousmeans,

tocontroltheseunknownandfearedpowers.Thosemeasureswhichappeared

tobringthedesiredresultswerethenretainedandrepeateduntilthey

hardenedintofixedrituals.Eventuallystoriesarosewhichexplainedorveiled

themysteriesoftherites.Astimepassedsomeritualswereabandoned,but

thestories,latercalledmyths,persistedandprovidedmaterialforartand

drama.

Thosewhobelievedthatdramaevolvedoutofritualalsoarguethatthose

ritescontainedtheseedoftheaterbecausemusic,dance,masks,and

costumeswerealmostalwaysused.Furthermore,asuitablesitehadtobe

providedforperformances,andwhentheentirecommunitydidnot

participate,acleardivisionwasusuallymadebetweenthe“actingarea”and

the“auditorium”.Inaddition,therewereperformers,and,sinceconsiderable

importancewasattachedtoavoidingmistakesintheenactmentofrites,

religiousleadersusuallyassumedthattask.Wearingmasksandcostumes,

theyoftenimpersonatedotherpeople,animals,orsupernaturalbeings,and

mimedthedesiredeffect—successinhuntorbattle,thecomingrain,the

revivaloftheSun—asanactormight.Eventuallysuchdramatic

representationswereseparatedfromreligiousactivities.

Anothertheorytracesthetheater’soriginfromthehumaninterestin

storytelling.Accordingtothisview,tales(aboutthehunt,war,orotherfeats)

aregraduallyelaborated,atfirstthroughtheuseofimpersonation,action,and

dialoguebyanarratorandthenthroughtheassumptionofeachoftheroles

byadifferentperson.Acloselyrelatedtheorytracestheatertothosedances

thatareprimarilyrhythmicalandgymnasticorthatareimitationsofanimal

movementsandsounds.

21．Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

A.Theoriginsoftheater.

B.Theroleofritualinmoderndance.

C.Theimportanceofstorytelling.

D.Thevarietyofearlyreligiousactivities.

22．Whataspectofdramadoestheauthordiscussinthefirstparagraph?

A.Thereasondramaisoftenunpredictable.

B.Theseasonsinwhichdramaswereperformed.

C.Theconnectionbetweenmythsanddramaticplots.

D.Theimportanceofcostumesinearlydrama.

23．WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasacommonelementof

theaterandritual?

A.Dance.

B.Costumes.

C.Music.

D.Magic.

24．Accordingtothepassage,whatisthemaindifferencebetweenritualand

drama?

A.Ritualusesmusicwhereasdramadoesnot.

B.Ritualisshorterthandrama.

C.Ritualrequiresfewerperformersthandrama.

D.Ritualhasareligiouspurposeanddramadoesnot.

25．Thepassagesupportswhichofthefollowingstatements?

A.Noonereallyknowshowthetheaterbegan.

B.Mythsarenolongerrepresenteddramatically.

C.Storytellingisanimportantpartofdance.

D.Dramaticactivitiesrequiretheuseofcostumes.

【答案與解析】

21．A文章第一段的首句即文章的中心句：Therearemanytheories

aboutthebeginningofdramainancientGreece.文章第一段提到“the

assumptionthatdramaevolvedfromritual”，由此可知，有人認(rèn)為戲劇的

起源是儀式。文章第三段提到“Anothertheorytracesthetheater’sorigin

fromthehumaninterestinstorytelling.”由此可知，有人認(rèn)為戲劇的起源是

講故事。第三段最后一句提到有人認(rèn)為戲劇來源于古代人們對動物模仿

的舞蹈。由此可知，文章是在圍繞戲劇的起源展開討論的。故選A。

22．C文章第一段的大意是早期人們視自然界的力量為不可預(yù)知的事

物，于是人們開始采取措施應(yīng)對。那些顯效的措施逐漸演變成固定的儀

式。有些儀式雖然被丟棄，但儀式的內(nèi)容作為神話流傳下來，成為了早

期戲劇中的主要情節(jié)。由此可知，第一段主要講的是神話與戲劇情節(jié)的

關(guān)系。故選C。

23．D文章第二段首句提到“Thosewho…arguethatthoseritescontained

theseedoftheaterbecausemusic,dance,masks,andcostumeswerealmost

alwaysused.”，由此可知magic（魔術(shù)）并未提到。故選D。

24．D文章第二段提到在儀式表演中，“religiousleadersusuallyassumed

thattask”，說明儀式中有宗教的內(nèi)容。第二段最后一句提到“Eventually

suchdramaticrepresentationswereseparatedfromreligiousactivities.”說明

戲劇已經(jīng)脫離了宗教。故選D。

25．A文章只是列舉了人們猜測的戲劇的三大起源，但實(shí)際上現(xiàn)在并

沒有人能確定戲劇的起源。神話仍在現(xiàn)在的戲劇表演中出現(xiàn)，故B錯

誤。講故事和跳舞分別都被猜測是戲劇的起源，兩者間不存在整體與部

分的關(guān)系，故C錯誤。D表述正確，是對事實(shí)的陳述，但不是作者要表

達(dá)的觀點(diǎn)。故選A。

PassageB

Historicaldevelopmentsofthepasthalfcenturyandtheinventionofmodern

telecommunicationandtransportationtechnologieshavecreatedaworld

economy.EffectivelytheAmericaneconomyhasdiedandbeenreplacedbya

worldeconomy.

Inthefuture,thereisnosuchthingasbeinganAmericanmanager.Even

someonewhospendsanentiremanagementcareerinKansasCityisin

internationalmanagement.Heorshewillcompetewithforeignfirms,buy

fromforeignfirms,selltoforeignfilms,oracquirefinancingfromforeign

banks.

Theglobalizationoftheworld’scapitalmarketsthathasoccurredinthepast

10yearswillbereplicatedrightacrosstheeconomyinthenextdecade.An

internationalperspectivehasbecomecentraltomanagement.Withoutit

managersareoperatinginignoranceandcannotunderstandwhatis

happeningtothemandtheirfirms.

Partlybecauseofglobalizationandpartlybecauseofdemography,thework

forcesofthenextcenturyaregoingtobeverydifferentfromthoseofthelast

century.Mostfirmswillbeemployingmoreforeignnationals.Morelikely

thannot,youandyourbosswillnotbeofthesamenationality.Demography

andchangingsocialmoresmeanthatwhitemaleswillbecomeasmall

fractionoftheworkforceaswomenandminoritiesgrowinimportance.All

ofthesefactorswillrequirechangesinthetraditionalmethodsofmanaging

theworkforce.

Inaddition,theneedtoproducegoodsandservicesatqualitylevels

previouslythoughtimpossibletoobtaininmassproductionandthespreading

useofparticipatorymanagementtechniqueswillrequireaworkforcewith

muchhigherlevelsofeducationandskills.Productionworkersmustbeable

todostatisticalqualitycontrol;productionworkersmustbeabletodojustin-

timeinventories.Managersareincreasinglyshiftingfroma“don’tthink,do

whatyouaretold”toa“think,Iamnotgoingtotellyouwhattodo”styleof

management.

Thisshiftisoccurringnotbecausetoday’smanagersaremoreenlightened

thanyesterday’smanagersbutbecausetheevidenceisrapidlymountingthat

thesecondstyleofmanagementismoreproductivethanthefirststyleof

management.Butthismeansthatproblemsoftrainingandmotivatingthe

workforcebothbecomemorecentralandrequiredifferentmodesof

behavior.

Inthewordoftomorrowmanagerscannotbetechnologicallyilliterate

regardlessoftheirfunctionaltaskswithinthefirm.Theydon’thavetobe

scientistsorengineersinventingnewtechnologies,buttheyhavetobe

managerswhounderstandwhentobetandwhennottobetonnew

technologies.Iftheydon’tunderstandwhatisgoingonandtechnology

effectivelybecomesablackbox,theywillfailtomakethechangesthatthose

whodounderstandwhatisgoingoninsidetheblackboxmake.Theywillbe

losers,notwinners.

Today’sCEOsarethosewhosolvedthecentralproblemsfacingtheir

companies20yearsago.Tomorrow’sCEOswillbethosewhosolvecentral

problemsfacingtheircompaniestoday.Sloanhopestoproduceageneration

ofmanagerswhowillbesolvingtoday’sandtomorrow’sproblemsand

becausetheyaresuccessfulindoingsotheywillbecometomorrow’s

captainsofbusiness.

26．Theauthorsuggeststhatamangershouldholda_____viewon

management.

A.economical

B.geographical

C.international

D.financial

27．Speakingoftheproblemsoftrainingandmotivatinglaborers,theauthor

impliesthat_____.

A.laborersshouldkeepupwiththerapiddevelopmentofmoderntechnology

B.laborerspaymoreattentiontowages

C.laborerswanttoadvancethemselves

D.thereisaradicalchangeinmanagementstyle

28．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

A.Globalizationanddemographyleadtothedifferencesbetweenthework

forcesofthelastcenturyandthoseofthenextcentury.

B.Atpresent,whitemalesmakeuponlyasmallproportionofworkforcesin

Americanfirms.

C.Inthenextcentury,womenandminoritieswillbecomethemajorpartof

workforcesintheUnitedStates.

D.Theneedtoproducegoodsandservicesatqualitylevelspreviouslywill

callforaworkforcewithmuchhigherlevelsofeducationandskills.

29．BythefirstsentenceofParagraph7,theauthormeansthat_____.

A.managersshouldmastermoderntechnology

B.managersshouldhaveaccesstotechnologicalknowledge

C.managersshouldfocusonfunctionaltasks

D.managersshouldcooperatewithtechnicians

30．Themaintopicofthispassageis_____.

A.thenewconceptofmanagement

B.thegreatshiftofmanagementstyle

C.thequalitiesofmanagersforthe21stcentury

D.thetechniqueofmodernmanagementofmanagers

【答案與解析】

26．C文章開頭兩段指明如今經(jīng)濟(jì)已發(fā)展成為世界經(jīng)濟(jì)，管理層應(yīng)開始

轉(zhuǎn)變管理方式，以國際化的眼光管理公司。故選C。

27．D文章第六段提到培訓(xùn)和激勵員工的問題變得更加重要是因?yàn)楣?/p>

理方式的轉(zhuǎn)變，即從讓員工服從自己的要求向讓員工獨(dú)立思考解決的方

式轉(zhuǎn)變。故選D。

28．B文章第四段倒數(shù)第二句提到“whitemaleswillbecomeasmall

fractionoftheworkforceaswomenandminoritiesgrowinimportance”，說

明當(dāng)前男性白人在美國公司占多數(shù)，故B錯誤，C正確。A選項(xiàng)在文章中

第四段第一句被提到。第五段開頭提到“willrequireaworkforcewith

muchhigherlevelsofeducationandskills”，故選B。

29．B定位至文章第七段首句，作者提到無論管理者在公司擔(dān)任什么類

的職務(wù)，他都應(yīng)該有科技方面的知識。故選B。

30．B文章開頭幾段講述經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化對公司管理的影響，中間幾段講述

的是管理方式的轉(zhuǎn)變，最后幾段講述的是未來管理層應(yīng)具備哪些素養(yǎng)。

綜合分析可知，文章主題是管理方式的轉(zhuǎn)變。故選B。

Section2Answeringquestions(20%)

Directions:ReadthefollowingpassageandthenanswerINCOMPLETE

SENTENCESthequestionswhichfollowthepassage.Useonlyinformation

fromthepassageyouhavejustreadandwriteyouranswerinthe

correspondingspaceinyourANSWERSHEET.

Questions31-35

Morallyandsocially,laughterhasnotbeenwellregardedthroughouthistory.

Priortothelasthundredyearsorso,laughterinpublicwasaboutassocially

acceptableasvigorousbreakingofwindwouldbetoday.InMedievaltimes,

physicianslocatedeachemotioninsomeorganofthebody.Love,for

example,wasseatedintheheart—iftheyhadchosenanotherparticularorgan

whichwouldseemtobeamorelogicalcontender,wewouldbesendingeach

otherquitedifferentshapesonValentine’sDay.Theseatoflaughterwasthe

spleen,apparentlytoindicatethatlaughterwasviewedasa“l(fā)ow”formof

behavior.

ItisnosurprisethatVictorianEnglandwasnotbigonlaughter.Nevertheless,

QueenVictoriadiddeliveroneimmortalquipincommentonamancharged

withtheattemptedmurderoftheBritishPrimeMinister,andwhowas

pleadinginsanity—“Wedonotbelievethatanyonecouldbeinsanewho

wouldwishtomurderaConservativePrimeMinister”.Neitherwaslaughter

popularwiththeChurch.ThePuritansinparticularlookeduponitwith

disdainandpermitteditonlywhenitservedtoillustrateamorallesson.

SigmundFreuddistinguishedbetweenmalignandbenignlaughter.Laughter

wasmalignant,heargued,whenitindicatedanunderlyingpathology,i.e.

servedasanoutletforunderlyingsexualandaggressiveimpulses.Benign

laughterdidnotindicateanyunderlyingpathology.Anexampleofbenign

humoriswhereapersonmastersunfortunateorunpleasantsituationsby

turningthemaroundandmakingajokeofthem.

Inhumor,asineverythingelse,therearedifferentlevelsofquality.Thiscan

rangefromthesparklingwitofOscarWildetothecrudityofthedrinking-

club“blue”joke.Inmyopiniontheethnicjokeisfairlylowonthetotem

pole.Theobjectofthesejokesistohighlightsupposednegative

characteristicsinthetargetgroup,e.g.intheIrishjoke,Paddyisalways

stupid.Ofcoursethisdoesnotmeanthatmanysuchjokescannotbefunny;

simplythat,asagenre,theyarecruelandbiased.HereisoneIreadrecently,

ofAmericanorigin—Question“WhatisarealquickwaytolearnIrish?”

Answer“Repeatthefollowingwordsinquicksuccession—WHALE,OIL,

BEEF,HOOKED”.

Sincethemid-1940sithasgraduallycometobewellacceptedthattension

andstressarebadforthehealth.WeknowthatsomeonewithaTypeA

personality,characterizedbyseriousness,cynicism,stress,concernwithtime,

hostilityandimpatience,hasagreaterriskofhavingaheartattackthanthe

TypeBpersonality.TypeBpersonalitiesaredefinedasthosewhodonot

exhibitthecharacteristicsitemizedaboveforTypeA,i.e.theyareless

serious,morerelaxed,notparticularlycompetitive,slowtoanger,more

patient,etc.Ifpsychologicalfactorssuchasstressandtensioncancause

illness,andtheycan,then,surely,opposingpsychologicalfactorssuchasa

senseofhumor,whichwilllessenanddeflatestressandtension,musthavea

positiveeffectonhealth.

Althoughitremainstobeunambiguouslydemonstratedthathumorisgood

foryourhealth,thereisnodoubtthatitenhancesthequalityoflife.Thereare

fewmorepleasantsensationsthansharingalaughwithfriends.Well,Iwill

leaveitatthat,andIhopethatyouropinionofmymusingsonthissubjectis

morefavorablethanDr.SamuelJohnson’sreplytoanauthorwhohadsent

himhismanuscriptforreview—“Yourmanuscriptisbothgoodandoriginal;

butthepartthatisgoodisnotoriginalandthepartthatisoriginalisnot

good”.

31．Whatisthethesisofthisarticle?(6%)

32．Dividethearticleintoseveralpartswiththeparagraphnumber

indicated.(4%)

33．Whatarethemainwritingskillsappliedinparagraph2and3?(2%)

34．ByusingDr.SamuelJohnson’sreplytoanauthorinparagraph6,what

didtheauthorintendtodemonstrate?(6%)

35．Giveapossibletitletothearticle.(2%)

【答案與解析】

31．Althoughlaughterhadnotbeenwellregardedthroughouthistory,a

contemporaryconsensusthatstressandtensionleavesbadinfluenceonour

healthindicatesthathumordoesgoodtoourhealth.

（文章前兩段以時間順序記錄了歷史上“l(fā)aughter”大笑不受人待見的史

實(shí)。隨后作者在第五段提到從上個世紀(jì)40年代開始人們普遍接受緊張和

壓力對身體影響不好的觀點(diǎn)，作者以此提出能助人減壓的大笑或幽默實(shí)

際上有助于人類身心健康的論點(diǎn)。）

32．Thisarticlecanbedividedintothreeparts.Thefirstpartisfrom

paragraph1toparagraph2;thesecondpartisfromparagraph3toparagraph4;

thelastpartisfromparagraph5toparagraph6.

（根據(jù)每個段落的大意，文章可分為三部分。第一部分是第一、二自然

段，內(nèi)容是大笑在歷史上三個階段不受歡迎的史實(shí)。第二部分是第三、

四自然段，內(nèi)容是大笑和幽默的類別或等級。第三部分是第五、六自然

段，內(nèi)容是近現(xiàn)代人們普遍認(rèn)為壓力有害身心健康，作者依據(jù)這個提出

大笑和幽默因?yàn)橛袦p壓的作用因此能有益身心健康的論點(diǎn)。）

33．Givingexamplesandclassification.

（第二段從皇室和教會兩個領(lǐng)域描寫大笑的不受歡迎，第三段則是從譏

諷和善意兩個方面來劃分大笑的類型，由此可見兩段都用了分類法。第

二段列舉了維多利亞女王對謀殺首相的嫌疑人所說的話，第三段則列舉

了人調(diào)侃自己的不幸是善意的幽默，由此可見兩段都運(yùn)用了舉例法。）

34．Ontheonehand,theauthorhopesthatthereaderswillnotshowtotal

oppositiontohisthoughtslikewhatDr.SamuelJohnsondid.Ontheother

hand,theauthorismakingjokesofhimself,andsuchendinginanarticleisa

demonstrationofhumorinfact.

（Dr.SamuelJohnson的回復(fù)實(shí)際上是對原作者作品的全盤否定，作者舉

這個例子是希望他的論點(diǎn)能獲得讀者們的肯定。同時，作者這樣的自我

調(diào)侃也是幽默的表現(xiàn)，讓讀者感覺到幽默帶來的作用。）

35．LaughterisGoodtoOurHealth.

（大笑有益身心健康是作者提出的論點(diǎn)，應(yīng)該作為文章的標(biāo)題。）

III.Writing(30%)

Plagiarismisdefinedindictionariesas“thewrongfulappropriation,close

imitation,orpurloiningandpublication,ofanotherauthor’slanguage,

thoughts,ideas,orexpressions,andtherepresentationofthemasone’sown

originalwork.”Itdoesgreatharmtoouracademicresearchandacademic

integrity.However,peopledotrytobypassit,becausethegaincouldbe

immediate.Howdoyouthinkofthephenomenon?

Writeapieceofargumentationinabout500words.Inthefirstpartyou

shouldstateyourpositionclearly;inthesecond,youshouldsupplyrelevant

evidencetosupportyourpositionandrefutetheopposingside’sview;and

finallyyoushouldbringyouressaytoalogicalconclusion.

Markswillbeawardedonthebasisofyourorganization,diction,grammar

andappropriateness.

MyViewonAcademicPlagiarism

Nowadays,therearelargenumberofpapersbeingpublishedeverydayinthe

world.Maybeweshouldsayitisasigntoshowhowflourishingour

academyis.Butafteracloserlookatallthoseso-calledacademicpapers,we

willfindmanysimilarones.Soinfact,wedidn’thavesomanynewfindings

aswethought.Evensomefamousscholarsareinvolvedinplagiarism.Inmy

opinion,thisphenomenonwillleadtoanextremelybadinfluenceandwe

shouldtakeactionstostopitsdeterioration.

Inthefirstplace,thisbehaviorwillcausealargeamountofwasteofmoney.

Ourcountryinvestsaspecialfundtosupporttheacademicresearchandstudy

eachyear,expectingtothenewandconstructivefindingsineachscientific

field.However,thedesireforahighertitleofatechnicalpostandamore

comfortablelivinglevelhasforcedmanyprofessionalstocheattogetmore

achievements.Whatiffinallywejustgetsomeuselessorexistedideaswhich

cannotmakethelightestcontributiontothedevelopmentofoursociety?

Thosestrikinglysimilartechnologicalfruitsrevealthefactthatourcountry

spendanenormousamountofmoneyandtime,gainingalmostnothing.

Nobodycandenythisisatremendouswasteofmoney.

Inthesecondplace,thisphenomenonsetanabnormalandterribleexample

fortheuniversitystudents.Wecanseepartsoftheinfluenceonthecampus

fromthespreadingplagiarisminthehomeworkinstudents,inwhosehands

liesthefutureofourcountry.Ifallthestudentstakeitforgrantedthat

plagiarismisacceptableandevenlegal,thentheacademicatmospherewillbe

destroyed.Atthattime,therewillbenomorebrightideasinthecountryand

oursocietywilljuststopwhereitis.Nogrowth,nodevelopment.

Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove,wecanseethenecessityofmeasures

beingtakenbyourgovernmentanduniversities.Firstly,thereshouldbealaw

whichbansanyplagiarismanddishonestyinanyfield.Andthepunishment

forthesemisfeasorsshouldbesevere.Secondly,allthescholarsand

professorsshouldteachstudentsbytheirownexamplesandavoiddishonesty

themselves,tryingtocreateafavorableenvironmentforresearchersand

studies.Thirdly,theunrealisticcompetitionsonacademicachievements

amonguniversitiesshouldberestricted,sothatthestaffandstudentswillbe

abletodoresearchwithpracticalsignificanceinsteadofcheatedresultsfor

thefulfillmentofrequirements.

Allinall,thereisonlyshortstepfromdishonestyinschoolandcollegesto

dishonestyinwork.Idoubtstudentswhodon’tdevelophabitsofintegrity

whileinacademicsettingwilldosooncetheyareoutinthe“real”world

wherethereisgreatpressure.Itisnotlikelythatadultswillstandupagainst

dishonestyofothers,particularlyfellowworkersiftheydonotdevelopthe

habitofdoingsowhilestillinschool.Alittleprogressisalwaysbetterthana

dishonestbreakthrough.

【解析】

本文圍繞剽竊尤其是學(xué)術(shù)剽竊的現(xiàn)象展開討論。作者在第一段簡要介紹

了學(xué)術(shù)剽竊的現(xiàn)象，并明確立場，即學(xué)術(shù)剽竊影響壞，應(yīng)采取措施制

止。第二段作者從學(xué)術(shù)剽竊浪費(fèi)國家資源的角度來證明這一現(xiàn)象的負(fù)面

影響。第三段作者從學(xué)術(shù)剽竊的行為給大學(xué)生樹立了負(fù)面案例的結(jié)果來

證明這一現(xiàn)象的負(fù)面影響。第四段作者提出遏制學(xué)術(shù)剽竊的三大措施：

政府立法；剽竊嚴(yán)懲；大學(xué)轉(zhuǎn)變評估老師能力的方式。最后一段作者總

結(jié)大學(xué)時如果養(yǎng)成剽竊學(xué)術(shù)成果的壞習(xí)慣會對今后的工作生活造成負(fù)面

的影響，一點(diǎn)小小的進(jìn)步勝于任何剽竊來的成果。

2012年浙江師范大學(xué)211翻譯碩士英語考研真題及詳解

I.VocabularyandGrammar(30%,1.5pointseach)

Directions:BeneatheachsentencetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,

B,CandD.Choosetheanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.Markyour

answersonyourANSWERSHEET.

1．Untilthen,hisfamily_____fromhimformorethantenyears.

A.didn’thear

B.hasn’tbeenhearing

C.hasn’theard

D.hadn’theard

【答案】D

【解析】句意：在那之前，他的家人已經(jīng)十多年沒有他的消息了。句中

有個明確的過去時間點(diǎn)“then”(那時)，而“hadn'theard”發(fā)生在then之前(包

括then)，所以此句用的是過去完成時。

2．_____suchsubject,theprofessoralsotaughtmathematicsandgeography.

A.Outof

B.Inspiteof

C.Inadditionto

D.Exceptfor

【答案】C

【解析】句意：除了這門課，這位教授還教數(shù)學(xué)和地理。由also可

知，“suchsubject”是包括在教授的課程之內(nèi)的。

3．I_____Tom,mycollegeroommate,inthelastthreeyears.

A.saw

B.haveseen

C.haven’tseen

D.see

【答案】A

【解析】句意：在過去的三年里，我沒有見過我的大學(xué)室友湯姆。根據(jù)

時間狀語inthelastthreeyears可知應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時。

4．Thebossofthecompany_____ariseinsalaryforages,butnothinghas

happenedyet.

A.ispromised

B.hasbeenpromising

C.ispromising

D.promised

【答案】B

【解析】句意：公司老板承諾漲工資好幾年了，但是至今什么也沒發(fā)

生?！俺兄Z”這件事從過去就開始了，直到現(xiàn)在還在進(jìn)行，并有可能繼續(xù)

持續(xù)下去，因此用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時。

5．Scarcelyhadtheboatreachedtheopenwater_____itencounteredhigh

windsandheavyseas.

A.than

B.As

C.when

D.since

【答案】C

【解析】句意：船剛駛到開闊的水面就遇到了大風(fēng)和巨浪。hardly/

barely/scarcely+hadsth.done+whensth.did……就……。

6．_____hasbeenmentionedabove,theheightofthewallofthePalacehas

beenalreadymeasured.

A.It

B.As

C.This

D.What

【答案】B

【解析】句意：正如上文所提到的，宮殿墻的高度已經(jīng)測量過了。這句

話是as引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語從句，指代整個主句的內(nèi)容。

7．ThelightestelementisHydrogen,theatom__consistsofanucleusof

onlyoneproton,around_____revolvesoneelectron.

A.ofwhich/which

B.its/which

C.who/it

D.that/which

【答案】A

【解析】句意：最輕的元素是氫，其原子由僅含一個質(zhì)子的原子核組

成，有一個電子繞著這個原子核轉(zhuǎn)動。第一個空為of+which引導(dǎo)定語從

句，of表示從屬關(guān)系。第二個空為which引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語從句，

which指代上文的proton。

8．It’sreportedthatbytheendofthisyeartheyieldofriceinthearea_____

byabout20%.

A.willhaverisen

B.hasrisen

C.willberising

D.hasbeenrising

【答案】A

【解析】句意：據(jù)報道，到今年年底，該地區(qū)大米產(chǎn)量將增長約百分之

二十。bytheendof表示“到……為止”，如果后面接將來的時間，句中用

將來完成時。

9．“Itisalongtime_____Isawyoulast.”

“Yes.Anditwillbeastilllongertime_____weseeeachother