2023年高考第三次模擬考試卷-英語（上海B卷）（解析）

絕密★啟用前

2023年高考第三次模擬考試卷

英語

（考試時間：150分鐘試卷滿分：140分）

注意事項：

1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準考證號等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。

2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改

動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在

本試卷上無效。

3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

I.ListeningComprehension

SectionA（10分）

Directions:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeach

conversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespoken

onlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,

anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.

1.A.Thewoman,sideaistobewellconductedunderaniceplan.

B?Thewoman,sideaistoofreshtobepractical.

C.Thewoman,sproposalisn,tfreshenough.

D.Thewoman'sprojectishardtorealize.

【答案】A

［原文】W:Quick,Iefsgetstartedontheprojectproposalwhiletheideaisstillfreshinourminds.There,s

notimelikethepresent.

M:Iguessweneedaplanfirst.Afterall,hastemakeswaste.

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

2.A.Thegirlisinterestedinthosehome-grownflowers.

B.Thegirlislikelytopasstheflowerstoherfather.

C.Thefatheristohelpgrowsomeflowersinthegarden.

D.ThefatherisreadytotalktothegirΓsteacher.

【答案】A

【原文】M:Anythinginterestinginschooltoday?

W:Ourteachershowedusdifferentkindsofflowersandtoldusinpassingthatthoseflowerscamefrom

hergarden.

Q:Whatdowelearnfromthetalk?

3.A.Workinghard.

B.Refusingthejoboffer.

C.Expectinganotherchance.

D.Findinganidealjob.

【答案】C

【原文IW:TheCostcoWholesaleturneddownmyapplication.Idon,tknowwhattodoifIcan,tfindan

idealjob.

M:Well,don,ttakeitsohard.Betteropportunitieswillcomealong.

Q:Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomandoing?

4.A.Inatheatre.

B.?nalibrary.

C.Inasupermarket.

D.Inamuseum.

【答案】B

【原文】W:Can?stayhereforjustanotherminute?Ireallyneedtolookupsomething,suchasWarand

Peace,AnnaKarenina.

M:Sorry.Everyoneissupposedtoputbooksbacktotheshelveswhentheclosingbellsounds.

Q:Whereistheconversationmostprobablytakingplace?

5.A.Shedidn,tsleepwellthismorning.

B.Hersondidn,tcatchtheschoolbus.

C.Shedrivestheschoolbus.

D.Sheisalwayslateibrwork.

【答案】B

【原文】M:Youarelateforworktoday.

W:Yeah,Ihadtorushmysontoschool.Heoversleptthismorningandmissedtheschoolbus.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

6.A.Practicingaspeechcontest.

B.Listeningtosomeloudmusic.

C.Preparingforanoralexamination.

D.Talkingloudlyonthetelephone.

【答案】B

【原文】W:Hey,ifyoucan,tenjoytherockandrollatasensiblevolume,whynotuseearphones?I,m

preparingforthespeechcontest.

M:Oh,Sorry.Ididn,trealizeIwasbotheringyouallthistime.

Q:Whatisthemanprobablydoing?

7.A.Totellhimthattheyarebusy.

B.Tosharethephonesignalwithhim.

C.Toaskhimtogivethemaride.

D.Toinvitehimtodosportstogether.

【答案】D

【原文】M:IhavebeencallingDavidforthepasthalfhour,butIamalwaysgettingabusysignal.

W:Well,ifyoudon,tgethimsoon,wewilljusthavetogobowlingwithouthim.

Q:WhyarethespeakerstryingtocallDavid?

7.A.Totakeaphoto.

B.Totraveloverseas.

C.Toadoptachild.

D.Tolookforanewjob.

【答案】B

【原文】M:WhatdoIhavetodotoapplyforapassport?

W:Youneedproofofcitizenship,eitheranoldpassportorabirthcertificateandthreephotographs.Then

youmustcompletethisformandpayafee.

Q:Whatisthemanmostprobablygoingtodo?

9.A.Theydon,thaveanormalchildhood.

B.Theymayoutgrowtheircelebritylater.

C.Thepressuretheyareunderpaysoff.

D.Theirparentsdon,tconsidertheirfeelings.

【答案】C

【原文】W:Ifeelsorryforchildstars.Theyhaveareallyhardtimegrowingup.Thinkaboutallthe

pressuretheyareunder.

M:Whydoyousaythat?Whoisnotunderpressure?Buttheygetrichandfamous.

Q:Whatdoesthemanimplyaboutchildstars?

10.A.Heisshortofmoney.

B.Hehasbeenintroublerecently.

C.Hedoesn,twanttomissanywork.

D.Heisunwillingtostayathomealone.

【答案】C

【原文】W:Hi,Jack.Howareyoutoday?Whatseemstobethetrouble?

M:IfeelaSharPpaininmyknees.

W:You,dbettergoandseethedoctor.

M:He,llprobablyputmetobedandIcan,tmissanywork.

Q:Whydoesn,tJackwanttogotoseethedoctor?

SectionB（15分）

Directions:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandalongerconversation,andyouwillbeasked

severalquestionsoneachofthem.Thepassageandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbe

spokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichone

isthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.

Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

11.A.Lackofinterestinstudy.B.Theshortageofresources.

C.Herlackofaiminlife.D.Herunrealisticdreams.

12.A.Shekepttryingeventhoughshefailed.

B.ShewonascholarshiptostudyinChina.

C.Herwebsiteearnedheralotofmoney.

D.Shebuiltalibrarywithherexperience.

13.A.Trustyourinstinctandfollowyourheart.

B.Learningalanguageisthekeytosuccess.

C.Themoreyouexpect,themoredisappointedyouwillbe.

D.Theweakwaitforopportunities;thestrongcreatethem.

【答案】ILB12.A13.D

【原文】

Duringmyteenyears,Ifeltstuck.Iwantedtolearnsomanythingsandachievemywildestdreams,

yetIcouldn,t.Livinginanunderdevelopedcountιy,wedon,thaveanytrainingcourses,librariesorclubs,

andtheintemetisslow.

Oneday,Ihadhadenough.Idecidedtousetheresources1hadtocreatethefuture1dreamedof.Iset

mymindongettingtheChineseDreamScholarship.Ifoundarticlesandbooksonlinetobecomefluentin

Chinese.Inafewmonths,?wasabletoholdasimpleconversationinChinese.

IrealizedthatIwouldneedmoney.Isetouttobuildadogcarewebsite.Everyday,afterschool,I

wouldresearchdogsandwritedetailedarticlesaboutthem.

I,msureyou,reexpectingaspirit-liftingendingwhereItraveltoChinaandliveoffmywebsite.

However,that,snothowthisstoryends.Thefactis,?didn,tevengetthechancetoapplyforthe

scholarship.Andthedogwebsiteonlymademeatotalof$60.Unwillingtoacceptthefacts,1startedan

onlineuniversitythenextyear.

I,mnotinChina,butIknowhowtospeakChinesenowandhavemetmanyinterestingpeoplealong

theway.Mywebsitedidn,tsucceed,butIcreatedanewonethat,sevenbetterwiththeexperienceI

gained.

Ididn'tletmydifficultiesstandinmyway,andIcreatedmyownopportunities.Anyonecanaccept

thecardsthey,vebeendealtandcreatetheirownwaytomakethemintoawinninghand.

(Nowlistenagain,please.)

Questions:

11.Whatpreventedthespeakerfromrealizingherdreamsduringherteens?

12.Whatdoweknowaboutthespeaker?

13.Whatdoesthespeakerwanttotellus?

Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

14.A.ItisusedasmedicineinLatinAmerica.

B.Itbringsbenefitstoyourtongue.

C.Itcanspreadseedsinnature.

D.?tcancauseafeelingofpain.

15.A.Becausetheybringakindofnervousexcitement.

B.Becausetheycontainanti-cancerproperties.

C.Becausetheyaredangerouslybeautiful.

D.Becausetheycanturnanimalsaway.

16.A.Whatscientistshaveknownaboutcapsaicin.

B.WhychilipeppersareusedinSichuancuisine.

C.Howhotfoodaffectsyourbodyandfeelings.

D.Wherepeoplecanfindthebestspicyfood.

【答案】14.D15.A16.C

【原文】

FromLatinAmericatoSichuanprovince,chilipeppersandtheirfamousburningtastehavebecomea

worldwidefeeling.Buthowcouldsomethingthatburnssohotpossiblybeanygoodforpeople?

InastudybyresearchersatMarshallUniversityintheUS,scientistsmadethefirstcomplete

descriptionofcapsaicin—achemicalfoundinspicyfood—anditsanti-cancerproperties.Although

capsaicinisnotnormallyagoodmedicineduetoitsspicyflavor,thestudyfoundthattherearewaysto

bringoutitsanti-cancerbenefitswhileovercomingthesenegatives.

Innature,capsaicinevolvedasadefensemechanisminplantstodriveawayunwantedanimalswhile

attractingthosethatcouldspreadtheseeds,suchasbirdswhichcannottasteorfeelthespice.Froma

scientificpointofview,capsaicinworksbyactivatingapainreceptorinthebrain,causingthebodyto

reactasifithadactuallytouchedsomethinghotanddangerous.

So,whatisitthatattractshumanstocapsaicin,chilipeppersandspicyfoodingeneral?Besidesits

manyhealthbenefits-suchasweightloss,andbodyheatregulation-peopleloveeatingchilipeppers

preciselybecauseithitsthepainreceptorsinjusttherightway.

AsScientificAmericannoted,chilieatingisawaytogettheexcitementoflivingontheedgewithout

theriskofexposingyourselftorealdanger.Peopleseemtoenjoy-andactivelyseekout—suchfeelings,

likethesensationoffallingprovidedbyskydiving,orthefearandanxietywhenwatchinghorrormovies.

So,thenexttimeyoubiteintoahotchilipepper,remember:it,snotjusthealthy,butfuntoo!

(Nowlistenagain,please.)

Questions:

14.Whichofthefollowingistrueaboutcapsaicin,achemicalfoundinspicyfood?

15.Accordingtothepassage,whydopeopleenjoychilipeppers?

16.Whatdoesthispassagemainlytellus?

Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.

17.A.Datingbackto6000yearsago.B.FeaturingGreekandRomancivilization.

C.Focusingonthelightoftheoldtime.D.Displayinggardensofdifferenttimes.

18.A.Chargetoomuchforadmission.Notpayenoughattentiontomodernart.

C.Exhibitartworksofpoorquality.Dealwithcriticismsbadly.

19.A.AvoidtakingkidstotheMet.

B.Bookatourguideservice.

C.Visitthegalleriesneartotheentrance.

D.Selectinterestinggalleriesonlineinadvance.

20.A.Allthepeoplepay25dollars.Localpeoplecandecidehowmuchtopay.

C.Foreignvisitorscanpayzero.D.Studentsmustpayhalfprice.

【答案】17.B18.B19.D20.B

【原文】W:Hey,Peter.Anyplanforthesummer?

M:Well,Jenny.IamthinkingofabrieftourofNewYork.Anysuggestions?

W:Sure.Onemust-seeplaceistheMetropolitanMuseumofArt.

M:Ah,theMet.Asalocalstudent,?haveneverbeentotheMet.

W:Thenyouhavemissedoutalot.TheMetcontainsacollectionofhumanaccomplishments,covering

6,000yearsacrosstheentireglobe.

M:But?don,thavemuchtime.

W:Thenyouhavetoplanyourvisitwell.Ithinkyoushouldn,tmissGallery162.

M:What,ssospecialaboutGallery162?

W:ThecollectionthereispackedwithobjectsfromtheGreekandRomancivilizationsandsomestatues

ondisplaywereintendedtofillancientgardenstocreatedelightandcomfort.

M:Amazing.

W:AnotherattractionisGallery915.TheMethasfacedcriticismforpayinginsufficientattentiontotheart

ofthepresent.ButifyouvisitGallery915ofmodernandContemporaiyart,youwillknowthosecriticisms

arenonsense.Exhibitsthereareofhighquality.

M:Isee.AndIamthinkingofbringingmylittlesister.IstheMetsuitableforher?

W:Ofcourse.ThereisnoplaceliketheMetforchildrentoconnectwiththeancientculturesoftheworld.

Sure,there,slotsofwalkingtodo,butparentscanstudythemuseum,sonlineinteractivetimelineofart

historytofindoutwhat,smostinterestingtothekidsandgodirectlytheresothatkidsdon'thavetowalka

lot.

M:Excellent.Sohowmuchistheadmissionfee?

W:25dollarsforadultsand12forstudents.ButlocalresidentsorNewYorkstudentscanpayasmuchas

theywish.

M:Really?

W:Definitely.Asyouarealocalresident,youcanpayasmuchasyouwish.

M:Amazing.Iwilltakeadvantageofthepolicy.

（Nowlistenagain>please.）

Questions

17.WhatisspecialaboutthecollectionsofGallery162?

18.WhathastheMetbeencriticizedfor?

19.Howcanparentswithkidsavoidextrawalking?

20.WhatistheticketpolicyoftheMet?

ILGrammarandvocabulary（?20題，每小題1分，滿分20分）

SectionA

Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentand

grammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthe

givenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.

LovelyTeamMembers

IfellinlovewithrhinoswhenIworkedinazoointhe80s,andspentmuchofthenext20yearsasthe

keeperofthelargestcaptive（圈養(yǎng)的）groupofrareblackrhinos.

Beingaggressiveandstupidis21impressesurbanresidentsaboutrhinos,butIdiscovereda

groupofsensitive,affectionateanimals.22（weigh）overaton,blackrhinosareunexpectedly

alertandhaveanunpredictablenature.However,23careandreassurance（安慰），theycanbe

verytrusting.

Inthepastfewyears,thenumberofrhinoshasdroppeddramatically,during24timeIhave

helpedlookafterrhinosbeingmovedtoreserves.Lastyear,Ihelpedonaprojecttoflyfiveblackrhinosto

theSerengetiNationalPark,wheretheyhadtobekeptcaptiveforafewweeksbefore25(release)

intothewild.Theylivedin“bomas''woodenenclosureswith“bedrooms”.

Acoupleofweeksbeforetheirplannedrelease,theskywasfilledwithsmokeandtheflameswere

blowingoverit,26(make)sureeverythingwasfine,Werushedtowardthebomas.Iwasterrified

thattherhinos27-(catch)fire,somyinitialresponsewastoreleasethem.ButIcouldn,t,because

they28(notfit)withtransmitters(發(fā)射器).IfIletthemout,wewouldhavegreatdifficulty

trackingthemdown.SoIdashedbacktothebomasandcalledtherhinostotheir“bedrooms”.Tomy

surprise,theymovedwithouthesitationandwere29(panicky)thanIhadthought.Afterhalfan

hour,thewindchangeddirectionandthefirebegantodiedown.

ThatWeandtherhinoshadescapedunscathed(未受傷的)wasamiracle.TherelationshipWehad

builtwiththoselovelyanimalsprovedcrucial.30it,allourworkwouldhavebeenfornothing.

Theteamworkofeverybodythereplayedalargeparttooandtherhinoswereverymuchpartofthatteam.

【答案】

21.what22.Weighing23.with24.which25.beingreleased26.Tomake27.would

catch28.weren,tfitted∕weren,tfit29.lesspanicky30.Without

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了大家都認為犀牛好斗和愚蠢，但作者卻認為黑犀牛是一種深

情且值得信賴的動物，作者不僅養(yǎng)了犀牛20年，還和它們建立了深厚的感情。

21.考查表語從句連接詞。句意：好斗和愚蠢是城市居民對犀牛的印象，但我發(fā)現(xiàn)它們是一群敏感、

深情的動物。分析句子可知，空格處引導(dǎo)is后面的表語從句，且從句缺主語，表"什么”，應(yīng)使用連

接代詞WhaI引導(dǎo)。故填What。

22.考查非謂語動詞。句意：體重超過一噸，黑犀牛出乎意料地警覺，并且具有不可預(yù)測的天性。

分析句子可知，句子已經(jīng)有謂語，空格處應(yīng)使用非謂語形式，weigh在此表示“有……重”，與邏輯

主語blackrhinos之間為邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，應(yīng)使用現(xiàn)在分詞表主動，作狀語，且置于句首，首字母

要大寫。故填Weighing。

23.考查介詞。句意：然而，有著關(guān)愛和安慰，它們非常值得信賴。分析句子可知，句子結(jié)構(gòu)完整，

此處應(yīng)使用介詞+名詞形成介詞短語作狀語。結(jié)合語境，however表示轉(zhuǎn)折，此處強調(diào)犀牛的優(yōu)點，

擁有關(guān)愛和安慰人的特點，它們非常值得信賴。表示“附著，帶有”應(yīng)使用介詞Wilh。故填With。

24.考查定語從句關(guān)系詞。句意：在過去的幾年里，犀牛的數(shù)量急劇下降，在此期間，我?guī)椭疹?/p>

的犀牛被轉(zhuǎn)移到保護區(qū)。分析句子可知，本句為非限制性定語從句，且前面有介詞during,應(yīng)使用

介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo),修飾前面的主句(側(cè)重點不在于主句中的時間名詞，而是整個句子),應(yīng)用during

whichtime引導(dǎo),表“在...期間故填whicho

25.考查非謂語動詞。句意：去年，我?guī)椭艘粋€項目，將五頭黑犀牛帶到塞倫蓋蒂國家公園，在

那里它們必須被圈養(yǎng)幾周，然后被釋放到野外。介詞before后用動名詞形式，分析句子可知，where

theyhadtobekeptcaptiveforafewweeksbefore(release)intotheWiId.為非限制性定語從

句，從句的主語是they,指代前文的fiveblackrhinos,和非謂語動詞release之間為被動關(guān)系，該

空用動名詞的被動式。故填beingreleased。

26.考查非謂語動詞。句意：為了確保一切都很好，我們沖向木質(zhì)圍欄。分析句子可知，句子有謂

語rushed,make要使用其非謂語形式，結(jié)合語境，此處應(yīng)使用不定式作目的狀語，且置于句首，

首字母要大寫。故填TOmake。

27.考查時態(tài)。句意：我很害怕犀牛會著火，所以我的第一反應(yīng)是釋放它們。分析句子可知，IWaS

terrifiedthattherhinos(catch)fire是賓語從句，當(dāng)主句是過去時態(tài)，從句須用過去時態(tài)

的某種形式，結(jié)合語境，是擔(dān)心可能會著火，would可以用于表示某事的可能性，應(yīng)使用情態(tài)動詞

wouldo故填wouldcatcho

28.考查時態(tài)。句意：但我不能，因為它們沒有配備發(fā)射器。befitted/fkwith(配備)，根據(jù)CoUIdlft

和上下文語境可知，此處也應(yīng)使用一般過去時，再根據(jù)主語Ihey和提示詞not可知，應(yīng)使用一般過

,

去時復(fù)數(shù)的否定形式。故填werentfitted∕fito

29.考查比較級。句意：令我驚訝的是，它們毫不猶豫地移動并且沒我想象中的那么驚慌失措。根

據(jù)后文的than和提示詞PaniCky可知，此處要使用形容詞的比較級，結(jié)合語境，是沒"我''想象中的

那么驚慌失措，所以是IeSSPaniCky。故填I(lǐng)eSSPaniCky。

30.考查介詞。句意：沒有它，我們所有的工作都是徒勞的。it指代上文的TherelationshipWehadbuilt

withthoselovelyanimals,結(jié)合語境，沒有“我們”與犀牛之間建立的聯(lián)系，"我們''所做的工作就是徒

勞的，表示沒有應(yīng)用介詞WithOUt,置于句首要大寫。故填WithOUt。

SectionB

Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeused

once.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.agreementsB.chatteringC.effortsD.feasiblyE.fulfillmentF.hard

G.introducedH.moralityI.persuadedJ.seizedK.spoiled

Here,stoguilt-freeflying

MajaRosengaveupflyingadecadeagooutofconcernforitsenvironmentalimpact.Butwhenshe

becameamotherandstartedhangingoutwithotherparents,shedidn,tbringitup,evenwhenthe

conversationturnedtoflying.Itwouldhave31themood.

TheninApril2018,herhomecountryofSweden32ataxonaviation（飛彳亍）.Theclimate

impactsofflyingwereontheeveningnewsandthemoodchanged.Rosen33themoment.With

,,

herneighborLottaHammar,shelaunchedacampaigncalled“Westayontheground5which

has3410,000peopletocommittoavoidflightsin2019.

Kudos.Buthere,sthe35truth:inthegrandschemeofthings,barelyanyonewillfollowsuit.

The36classestendtohavealottosayabouttheecobenefitsofavoidingmeat,cyclingand

eatinglocallysourcedfood.Butthat37generallydisappearswhenitcomestoflying.

Wccan,trelyoninternational38tostopaviationemissioneither.Yes,theUNhasfixedupa

dealtocapaviationemissionsbeyond2020.Butitlacksrealbite,allowingairlinestocontinueemitting

carbonprovidedtheyOffSet（抵消）it.

AllthismeansWecouldreallydowithgreentechridingtotherescue.Here,atleast,thereisalittle

goodnews.Evenrathersimplemeasureslikefreeingplanestoflyinstraighterlinescould39cut

carbonemissions.Hybrid（混合動力的）electricaircraftarealsothepipeline.Andwealreadyknowthat

planescanmixupto50percentbiofuelsintotheirtanksandflysafely.

It'stimetoredoubleour40tomakeplanesgreen.Inthemeantime,ifyouarestilllooking

foraNewYear,sresolution,youmightwanttothinkaboutjoiningthose105000Swedes.

【答案】

31.K32.G33.J34.I35.F36.B37.H38.A39.D40.C

【分析】這是一篇說明文。本文由介紹一項由瑞典女性發(fā)起的“不乘坐飛機''運動開啟，進而介紹目

前讓航空業(yè)更加綠色環(huán)保面臨的問題，最后呼吁人們要加大環(huán)保力度。

31.考查謂語動詞。句意：談話氣氛會被破壞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)填寫動詞過去分詞，

與前面的助動詞WoUkIhaVe構(gòu)成謂語，spoiled“破壞”為動詞過去分詞形式，符合文意,故選K項。

32.考查謂語動詞。句意：然后到了2018年4月，她的祖國瑞典出臺了一項針對飛行的稅收政策。

分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)填寫動詞作謂語；又根據(jù)時間狀語inApril2018可知，該處應(yīng)填寫動

詞過去式，表示“引入……（政策）'‘，introduce"引入；介紹''為動詞，符合文意，故選G項。

33.考查謂語動詞。句意：R。Sen抓住了這個時機。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)填寫動詞作謂語；

根據(jù)前文的句意可知，設(shè)空處還是表述過去發(fā)生的事情，應(yīng)使用動詞的過去式，SeiZed"抓?。徽紦?jù)”

為動詞過去式形式，符合文意，故選J項。

34.考查謂語動詞。句意：她和鄰居LottaHammar共同發(fā)起一個名為“我們在地面”運動。此次運動

已經(jīng)在2019年說服了1萬人承諾不再乘坐飛機。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)填寫動詞作謂語；又

根據(jù)空格前的助動詞has可知，該處填寫動詞過去分詞形式，構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)，persuaded“說服”

為動詞過去式形式，符合文意，故選I項。

35.考查形容詞作定語。句意：但是這里有一個殘酷的事實：聲勢浩大的事情，兒乎任何人都會跟

風(fēng)加入。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該處應(yīng)填寫形容詞，hard“艱難的；殘酷的“為形容詞，作truth的定語，

表示“殘酷的現(xiàn)實“，故選F項。

36.考查非謂語動詞。句意：喜歡對社會發(fā)表意見的人們往往很愿意談?wù)撍厥场⒆孕熊囼T行和選擇

就近生產(chǎn)的食物帶來的生態(tài)環(huán)境益處。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該空格處作定語，chatteringclasses為固

定搭配，意為“清談階層；喜歡對政治或社會問題發(fā)表意見的人"，故選B項。

37.考查名詞。句意：但是這種道德準則遇到飛行話題上就會缺位。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處應(yīng)

填寫名詞，作主語;根據(jù)空格前的that可知，該處指代上文人們生態(tài)保護方面的道德準則,morality”道

德；道德準則”為名詞，符合文意，故選H項。

38.考查名詞。句意：我們也不能只是依靠國際協(xié)議來阻止航空業(yè)的溫室氣體排放。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)

可知，該空格處應(yīng)填寫名詞，作賓語，agreements"協(xié)議；合同”為名詞，符合文意，故選A項。

39.考查副詞。句意：即使是相當(dāng)簡單的措施，如讓飛機以直線飛行，也可以有效減少碳排放?；?/p>

合動力的電動飛機也在蓄勢待發(fā)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該空格處應(yīng)填寫副詞，修飾謂語動詞cut,

feasibIy"可行地；行得通地''為副詞，符合句意表述，故選D項。

40.考查名詞。句意：我們?nèi)缃褚颖杜?，讓航空業(yè)變得更加綠色環(huán)保。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該

處應(yīng)填寫名詞，作賓語；efforts”努力”為名詞，符合文意，故選C項。

IIIReadingComPrehenSiOn（滿分45分）

SeCtiOnA（共15題，每小題1分，滿分15分）

Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.

Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.

Humanbeingshavesomehowmanagedtoengineerthenighttoreceiveusbyfillingitwithlight.This

kindofcontrolisnodifferentfromthefeat（壯舉）ofdammingariver.Itsbenefitscome

with41-calledlightpollution-whoseeffectsscientistsareonlynowbeginningtostudy.

Lightpollutionislargelytheresultofbadlightingdesign.42lightingwashesoutthedarknessof

night,alteringlightlevelsandlightrhythmstowhichmanyformsoflife,includingourselves,

have43Whereverman-madelightspillsintothenaturalworld,someaspectsoflife-migration,

reproduction,feeding-isaffected.

Formosthumanhistoιy,thephrase??lightpollution^^wouldhave44Imaginewalking

towardsLondononamoonlitnightaround1800,whenitwasEarth,smostpopulouscity.Nearlyamillion

peoplelivedthere,45candles,torchesandlanterns,astheyalwayshad.Onlyafewhouseswere

litbygas,andtherewouldbenopublicgaslightsinthestreetsorsquaresforanothersevenyears.Froma

fewmilesaway,youwouldhavebeenmorelikelyto46Londonthantoseeitsdimcollective

glow.

We,velitupthenightasifitwerea(n)47country.Asamatteroffact,amongmammals(哺

孚L動物)alone,thenumberofspeciesactiveatnightisastonishing.Lightisapowerfulbiologicalforce,

andonmanyspeciesitactsasamagnetattractingthemtoit.Theeffectissopowerfulthatscientistsspeak

ofsongbirdsandseabirdsbeing48bysearchlightsonlandorbythelightfromgasflareson

marineoilplatforms,circlingandcirclinginthethousandsuntiltheydrop.

Itwasoncethoughtthatlightpollutiononlyaffectedastronomers,whoneedtoseethenightskyinall

itsgloriousclarity.Unlikeastronomers,mostofUSmaynotneeda49viewofthenightskyfor

ourwork.50,likemostothercreatures,Wedoneeddarkness.5]darknessis

pointless.Itisasessentialtomaintainingourbiologicalwelfareas52itself;thepriceof

modifyingourinternalclockworkmeansitdoesn,toperateasitshould,causingvariousphysical

discomlbrts.Sofundamentalaretheregularrhythmsofwakingandsleeptoourbeingthat53

themissimilartoalteringourcenterofgravity.

Inaveryrealsense,lightpollutioncausesusto54ourtrueplaceintheuniverse,toforget

thescaleofourbeing,whichisbest55againstthedimensionsofadeepnightwiththeMilky

Way—theedgeofourgalaxy—archingoverhead.

41.A.consequencesB.achievementsC.agreementsD.circumstances

42.A.Randomly-designedB.Well-designed

C.Poorly-designedD.Economically-designed

43.A.appealedB.adaptedC.objectedD.amounted

44.A.comeundercriticismB.madenodifference

C.comeintoeffectD.madenosense

45.A.makingdowithB.fedupwith

C.identifyingwithD.overflowingwith

46.A.visitB.greetC.feelD.smell

47.A.independentB.disconnectedC.unoccupiedD.excluded

48.A.exposedB.capturedC.dismissedD.frustrated

49.A.clearB.comprehensiveC.traditionalD.critical

50.A.SubsequentlyB.HoweverC.ThereforeD.Similarly

51.A.ReviewingB.EmbracingC.DenyingD.Regulating

52.A.lightB.rhythmC.statusD.dawn

53.A.emergingfromB.withdrawingfromC.messingwithD.coincidingwith

54.A.keeptrackofB.losesightofC.catchholdofD.letgoof

55.A.measuredB.neutralizedC.undergoneD.supervised

【答案】

41.A42.C43.B44.D45.A46LD47.C48.B49.A50.B51.C52

A53.C54.B55.A

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了因為人類照明導(dǎo)致的光污染相關(guān)情況。

41.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：它的好處伴隨著被稱為光污染的后果，科學(xué)家們現(xiàn)在才開始研究光

污染的影響。A.consequences結(jié)果；B.achievements成就；C.agreement同意；D.circumstances情

況。根據(jù)下文“l(fā)ightpollution（光污染廠可知，這是人類黑夜使用燈光造成的結(jié)果。故選A項。

42.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：拙劣設(shè)計的的照明消除夜晚的黑暗，改變包括我們在內(nèi)的許多生

命形式所適應(yīng)的光線水平和光線節(jié)奏。A.RandOmIy-designed隨意設(shè)計的；B.Wen-designed好好設(shè)

計的；C.PooIiy-designed拙劣設(shè)計的；D.ECOnOmiCaHy-designed經(jīng)濟實惠設(shè)計的。根據(jù)上文“Light

pollutionislargelytheresultofbadlightingdesign.（光污染在很大程度上是不良照明設(shè)計的結(jié)果戶可

知，本文探討的光污染與不良照明設(shè)計關(guān)系密切，即拙劣設(shè)計的照明。故選C項。

43.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：拙劣設(shè)計的的照明消除夜晚的黑暗，改變包括我們在內(nèi)的許多生命

形式所適應(yīng)的光線水平和光線節(jié)奏。A.appealed呼吁；B.adapted使適應(yīng)；C.objected反對；D.

amounted共計。根據(jù)上文“alteMnglightlevelsandlightrhythms（改變光線水平和光線節(jié)奏廠可推測，

發(fā)生改變的是大家習(xí)以為常的光線水平和節(jié)奏，而動詞搭配adaptt。意為“使適應(yīng)”，此處表示人們

以及適應(yīng)的光線水平和節(jié)奏被改變，符合語境。故選B項。

44.考查動詞短語辨析。句意：對于大多數(shù)人類歷史而言，“光污染”這一短語毫無意義。A.comeunder

CritiCiSm遭受批評；B.madenodifference沒區(qū)另小C.comeintoeffect∑k?;D.madenosense沒意義。

根據(jù)下文“ImaginewalkingtowardsLondononamoonlitnightaround1800,whenitwasEarth'smost

POPUk）USCity.（想象一下，大概在1800年，在一個月明的夜晚走向倫敦這個地球上人口