保護(hù)與發(fā)展政策的生態(tài)和社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)效益研究

保護(hù)與發(fā)展政策的生態(tài)和社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)效益研究目錄中文摘要 ix附錄附錄A臥龍自然保護(hù)區(qū)及主要景點(diǎn)分布AppendixtableAWolongNatureReserveandmajorscenicspotsdistribution附錄B臥龍保護(hù)區(qū)旅游的發(fā)展[88]AppendixtableBDevelopmentoftourisminWolongNatureReserve實(shí)線和虛線分別代表1980年到2013年的年旅客人數(shù)和旅游收入(旅游收入數(shù)據(jù)只在1997年保護(hù)區(qū)旅游部門成立后才有)

附錄C家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)收入評(píng)估模型中參數(shù)的統(tǒng)計(jì)量AppendixtableCParametersinthemodelpredictinghouseholdincome.參數(shù)Parameter描述Description平均值Mean標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差SD家庭人口非勞動(dòng)力數(shù)量大于65歲老人,學(xué)生和小于6歲的小孩人數(shù)之和1.21.113勞動(dòng)力數(shù)量家庭勞動(dòng)力數(shù)量2.881.501經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)GDP2000Log轉(zhuǎn)換后的居民所在省份2000年人均GDP（元）3.48240.7857家庭資產(chǎn)耕地家庭耕地?cái)?shù)目（畝）6.4834.541房屋面積家庭房屋面積（m2）160.41129.966保護(hù)區(qū)屬性知名度保護(hù)區(qū)是否屬于知名保護(hù)區(qū)(1是；0否)0.180.383級(jí)別保護(hù)區(qū)是否屬于國(guó)家級(jí)保護(hù)區(qū)(1是；0否)0.650.477生計(jì)活動(dòng)外出務(wù)工是否有家庭成員在外務(wù)工（≥6個(gè)月）(1是；0否)0.270.443放牧是否有飼養(yǎng)牦牛等其他家畜(1是；0否)0.120.328農(nóng)業(yè)是否進(jìn)行農(nóng)業(yè)生(1是；0否)0.460.498旅游經(jīng)營(yíng)是否參與旅游經(jīng)營(yíng)相關(guān)經(jīng)營(yíng)(1是；0否)0.930.249當(dāng)?shù)胤寝r(nóng)家庭是否參與除以上生計(jì)活動(dòng)外的本地其他生計(jì)活動(dòng)(1是；0否)0.530.499政策參與NFCP家庭是否參與天然林保護(hù)政策(1是；0否)0.900.296GTGP家庭是否參與退耕還林政策(1是；0否)0.880.321附錄D森林喪失樣本點(diǎn)在不同保護(hù)區(qū)的分布AppendixfigureDDistributionofforestgainandlosspointsindifferentprotectedareas注釋：為了使不同保護(hù)之間有可比性，我們采用每單位保護(hù)區(qū)面積森林得失點(diǎn)的數(shù)量（由森林得失點(diǎn)數(shù)總數(shù)除以保護(hù)面積的面積）附錄E各保護(hù)區(qū)家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)收入影響因子模型預(yù)測(cè)結(jié)果AppendixEResultsofthelinearregressionmodelonpredictorsofhouseholdincomeofeachPA參數(shù)WYSBDGSHSCBLNL常數(shù)3.131***（0.413）2.869***（0.275）3.172***（0.198）3.033***（0.495）3.167***（0.235）非勞動(dòng)力人數(shù)0.107（0.072）0.013（0.058）0.016（0.039）-0.025（0.046）-0.003（0.039）勞動(dòng)力人數(shù)-0.028（0.057）-0.104**（0.036）0.003（0.035）0.040（0.036）0.062*（0.029）耕地面積0-0.009（0.014）0.013（0.026）-0.016（0.022）-0.012（0.026）房屋面積0.002***（0.000）0.000（0.000）00.001（0.001）0.000（0.001）離城市距離-0.002（0.002）0.001**（0.000）00.000（0.001）-0.001（0.002）外出務(wù)工0.107（0.199）0.554***（0.133）0.461***（0.092）0.513***（0.118）0.606***0.117）放牧0.259（0.504）0.463**（0.140）0.418*（0.185）0.714***（0.176）0.093（0.144）務(wù)農(nóng)1.224***（0.257）0.362**（0.135）0.248*（0.102）0.482**（0.135）0.318**（0.112）旅游經(jīng)營(yíng)0.293（0.624）0.413*（0.201）1.265***（0.149）0.267（0.307）0.777**（0.219）當(dāng)?shù)胤寝r(nóng)生計(jì)0.409*（0.162）0.558***（0.151）0.299**（0.098）0.377**（0.126）0.363**（0.120）NFCP0.338（0.292）0.116（0.117）0.177（0.114）-0.090（0.125）0.033（0.125）GTGP-0.079（0.129）0.079（0.295）-0.096（0.136）0.165（0.275）調(diào)整后R方0.3900.3750.4980.2910.415參數(shù)CZDYSSWDSJFSMCS常數(shù)3.545***（0.192）2.411***（0.416）3.003***（0.280）3.031***（0.152）3.363***（0.245）非勞動(dòng)力人數(shù)-0.026（0.030）0.111*（0.042）0.029（0.054）-0.056（0.038）0.018（0.056）勞動(dòng)力人數(shù)-0.027（0.025）0.063（0.040）0.027（0.048）0.016（0.029）0.040（0.042）耕地面積-0.005（0.004）0.002（0.003）-0.005（0.014）-0.004（0.017）-0.005（0.006）房屋面積0.001***（0.000）0.002（0.001）0.002（0.001）0.001**（0.000）0離城市距離00.000（0.001）0.001*（0.000）0.002（0.002）0.000（0.000）外出務(wù)工0.276**（0.095）0.413**（0.132）0.276（0.166）0.809***（0.105）0.418**（0.117）放牧0.473*（0.197）0.290（0.294）0.499*（0.202）0.485**（0.160）0.025（0.121）務(wù)農(nóng)0.845***（0.132）0.529***（0.110）0.290（0.149）0.464***（0.099）0.432***（0.101）旅游經(jīng)營(yíng)0.199（0.237）-0.729*（0.339）0.521**（0.166）1.051***（0.152）當(dāng)?shù)胤寝r(nóng)生計(jì)-0.026（0.086）0.513***（0.115）0.235*（0.116）0.364***（0.087）0.072（0.108）NFCP--0.014（0.115）0.001（0.140）0.037（0.108）-0.088（0.101）GTGP-0.246（0.297）--0.060（0.104）0.217（0.118）調(diào)整后R方0.3650.3780.2280.5550.418參數(shù)ZBSXLSHYSLJSBDG常數(shù)2.916***（0.196）2.740***（0.213）2.546***（0.185）3.018***（0.169）3.198***（0.209）非勞動(dòng)力人數(shù)0.004（0.044）0.005（0.053）0.082（0.046）0.000（0.039）-0.024（0.038）勞動(dòng)力人數(shù)0.007（0.035）-0.014（0.023）0.007（0.032）0.080*（0.036）-0.073*（0.029）耕地面積0.001（0.008）0.015（0.008）0.000（0.024）0.015（0.011）0.003（0.007）房屋面積0.002（0.001）0.002***（0.001）0.001（0.001）0.000（0.001）0.001*（0.000）離城市距離00.000（0.000）-0.002（0.001）0.002**（0.001）0外出務(wù)工0.682***（0.130）0.595***（0.112）1.140***（0.105）0.633***（0.108）0.728***（0.089）放牧0.252**（0.097）0.257*（0.119）0.302（0.180）0.037（0.144）0.142（0.106）務(wù)農(nóng)0.421***（0.091）0.413***（0.104）0.496*（0.205）0.062（0.104）0.331***（0.077）旅游經(jīng)營(yíng)0.335（0.442）0.878***（0.147）1.351*（0.533）0.859**（0.279）-當(dāng)?shù)胤寝r(nóng)生計(jì)0.603***（0.094）0.216（0.109）0.747***（.109）0.342***（0.092）0.346***（0.081）NFCP0.174（0.092）0.067（0.216）0.169（0.194）0.228*（0.093）-0.011（0.078）GTGP0.050（0.094）0.106（0.125）0.009（0.116）-0.132（0.098）0.249（0.127）調(diào)整后R方0.4600.4910.6030.3590.512參數(shù)BHBYHLJZGLDS常數(shù)3.218***（0.200）2.959***（0.207）3.471***（0.312）3.774***（0.344）3.323***（0.318）非勞動(dòng)力人數(shù)-0.022（0.048）0.036（0.047）0.142（0.099）-0.030（0.065）0.018（0.063）勞動(dòng)力人數(shù)0.007（0.028）0.041（0.037）0.139**（0.050）0.033（0.070）-0.032（0.041）耕地面積-0.015（0.024）0.000（0.001）-0.026*（0.012）0.056（0.053）-0.002（0.003）房屋面積0.001**（0.000）0.000（0.000）0.000（0.000）0.001（0.000）0.001（0.001）離城市距離0.000（0.000）0-0.001（0.001）0.000（0.001）Na外出務(wù)工0.711***（0.103）0.459***（0.116）0.635**（0.187）0.134（0.156）.0752***（0.123）放牧0.187（0.149）0.362**（0.125）0.351（0.258）-0.534（0.554）-0.066（0.281）務(wù)農(nóng)0.168（0.091）0.375***（0.093）0.704*（0.277）-0.177（0.601）0.235（0.173）旅游經(jīng)營(yíng)0.615***（0.157）0.388*（0.177）0.712**（0.194）0.881***（0.157）0.302（0.159）當(dāng)?shù)胤寝r(nóng)生計(jì)0.514***（0.090）0.576***（0.095）0.259（0.183）0.299（0.167）0.825***（0.114）NFCP-0.073（0.091）0.035（0.123）-0.149（0.181）-0.143（0.284）0.136（0.117）GTGP0.058（0.162）0.247（0.131）0.026（0.267）0.011（0.185）-0.154（0.271）調(diào)整后R方0.5230.4170.3730.3790.690參數(shù)MGWLLXHKPKQFS常數(shù)2.680***（0.277）4.080***（0.675）3.154***（0.182）3.256***（0.299）3.765***（0.456）非勞動(dòng)力人數(shù)0.065（0.045）0.021（0.090）0.018（0.070）0.194**（0.065）0.034（0.079）勞動(dòng)力人數(shù)0.110*（0.049）-0.022（0.066）0.049（0.034）0.073（0.054）0.020（0.057）耕地面積0.015（0.012）0.007（0.016）0.022（0.019）-0.014（0.011）0.021（0.012）房屋面積0.005***（0.001）0.001（0.001）0.001（0.001）0.000（0.001）0離城市距離-0.001*（0.000）0.000（0.001）-0.001（0.001）Na0外出務(wù)工0.488**（0.178）0.200（0.206）0.717***（0.110）0.410*（0.170）0.896***（0.138）放牧0.261（0.141）0.312（0.264）0.321（0.208）0.016（0.162）0.482（0.438）務(wù)農(nóng)0.064（0.153）0.385（0.199）0.123（0.132）0.020（0.161）-0.118（0.178）旅游經(jīng)營(yíng)0.719**（0.195）0.364（0.241）0.349（0.176）-0.090（0.584）0.347（0.270）當(dāng)?shù)胤寝r(nóng)生計(jì)0.413**（0.125）0.276（0.206）0.479***（0.107）0.383**（0.139）0.616***（0.138）NFCP0.138（0.206）0.221（0.276）--0.355*（0.171）GTGP-0.165（0.168）-0.574（0.312）0.112（0.104）0.303*（0.140）-0.727（0.396）調(diào)整后R方0.4860.2430.4150.1810.654參數(shù)WOLXZZGWWSXHGBZ常數(shù)3.201***（0.379）2.835***（0.564）3.817***（0.229）2.593***（0.289）3.091***（0.171）非勞動(dòng)力人數(shù)0.081*（0.037）0.014（0.070）0.079（0.070）0.037（0.079）0.083*（0.038）勞動(dòng)力人數(shù)0.017（0.028）0.030（0.058）0.033（0.037）0.153**（0.050）-0.001（0.029）耕地面積0.020（0.012）0.007（0.006）-0.020（0.069）0.010（0.015）-0.009（0.007）房屋面積0.001*（0.000）0.000（0.001）0.001（0.001）0.001（0.001）0.001*（0.000）離城市距離00.000（0.000）-0.001*（0.000）00外出務(wù)工0.550***（0.071）0.733***（0.156）0.439**（0.129）0.430***（0.112）0.349***（0.092）放牧0.316**（0.096）0.181（0.151）-0.232（0.287）0.035（0.154）0.532**（0.149）務(wù)農(nóng)0.098（0.071）0.238（0.130）0.153（0.111）0.047（0.128）0.407***（0.085）旅游經(jīng)營(yíng)0.280**（0.086）0.287（0.194）0.553*（0.223）0.540（0.398）0.337**（0.131）當(dāng)?shù)胤寝r(nóng)生計(jì)0.243**（0.081）0.591***（0.142）0.233*（0.116）0.533***（0.118）0.527***（0.083）NFCPNa-0.300（0.263）0.304（0.172）-0.027（0.086）GTGP0.348（0.353）-0.017（0.152））0.047（0.103）0.262（0.156）0.147（0.130）調(diào)整后R方0.4990.3500.3080.5630.483*p=0.10;**p=0.05;***p=0.01.0表示該參數(shù)系數(shù)極小，對(duì)模型貢獻(xiàn)幾乎為零；-表示該保護(hù)區(qū)未實(shí)行該政策；Na表示該參數(shù)在建模過程中被自動(dòng)排除了。附錄F天然林保護(hù)和退耕還林政策有影響和無影響家庭組特征比較AppendixFCharacteristicscomparisonofhouseholdgroupsofaffectedandunaffectedbyNFCP/GTGP因子ParametersNFCPGTGP無影響有影響t測(cè)驗(yàn)無影響有影響t測(cè)驗(yàn)非勞動(dòng)力人數(shù)1.24（0.999）1.06（0.853）0.1351.13（1.041）1.10（0.983）0.840勞動(dòng)力人數(shù)2.99（1.257）2.56（1.332）0.011*2.83（1.380）2.90（1.185）0.729住房面積261.68（177.975）202.28（306.818）0.044*196.35（182.701）153.41（66.881）0.002**外出務(wù)工0.32（0.468）0.23（0.426）0.1200.28（0.450）0.19（0.397）0.167放牧0.18（0.382）0.12（0.323）0.1730.11（0.310）0.19（0.397）0.194農(nóng)業(yè)0.37（0.485）0.67（0.473）0.000***0.39（0.488）0.81（0.397）0.000***旅游0.20（0.399）0.10（0.296）0.016*0.11（0.308）0.05（0.216）0.111本地其他非農(nóng)0.28（0.449）0.62（0.489）0.000***0.44（0.497）0.43（0.501）0.882注釋：表中所展示數(shù)據(jù)為平均值和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差；標(biāo)記***，**，*分別表示在0.1%，1%和5%水平下的顯著性

附錄G生態(tài)旅游有影響和無影響家庭組特征比較AppendixGcharacteristicscomparisonofhouseholdgroupsofaffectedandunaffectedbynature-basedtuorism因子Parameters生態(tài)旅游無影響有影響t測(cè)驗(yàn)非勞動(dòng)力人數(shù)1.33（0.651）1.54（0.988）-0.883勞動(dòng)力人數(shù)2.92（0.996）3.10（1.225）-0.555住房面積269.17（166.922）352.44（242.05）-1.399