中考英語(yǔ)課件（廣東專(zhuān)版）第一部分第三節(jié)　數(shù)詞

2024年中考英語(yǔ)課件廣東專(zhuān)版第一部分語(yǔ)法突破第三節(jié)數(shù)詞新課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中,數(shù)詞的考查包括基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞,基數(shù)詞表示數(shù)量,序數(shù)詞表示順序。它們是互相對(duì)應(yīng)的。如下表所示：序號(hào)基數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞

序號(hào)基數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞1one

8eight

2two

9nine

3three

10ten

4four

11eleven

5five

12twelve

6six

13thirteen

7seven

14twenty

基數(shù)詞5年1考,序數(shù)詞5年3考,基數(shù)詞混搭5年1考。

firstsecondthirdfourth

fifthsixthseventheighthninthtenth

eleventhtwelfththirteenthtwentieth【巧記口訣】找清規(guī)律很容易,十二以內(nèi)詞名異；十三數(shù)到十九去,后加-teen莫忘記；二十、三十至九十,整十之后有-ty；如果要說(shuō)“幾十幾”,中間“-”號(hào)別丟棄；hundred是“一百”,請(qǐng)你記住莫大意。一、基數(shù)詞1.基數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成(1)1~12逐個(gè)記,見(jiàn)上述表格。(2)13~19：-teen結(jié)尾,注意thirteen,fifteen,eighteen。(3)20~90：-ty結(jié)尾,注意twenty,thirty,forty,fifty,eighty。(4)21~99：先說(shuō)“十位”,再說(shuō)“個(gè)位”,中間加連字符“-”。如：23→twenty-three,34→thirty-four,45→forty-five(5)101~999先說(shuō)“百位”,再加and,再加后兩位數(shù)或末位數(shù)。如：586→fivehundredandeighty-six,803→eighthundredandthree(6)1,000以上,先從右往左數(shù),每三位數(shù)加一個(gè)“,”。第一個(gè)“,”前為thousand(千),第二個(gè)“,”前為million(百萬(wàn)),第三個(gè)“,”前為billion(十億)。如：①1,001→____________________________________________

②18,423→_______________________________________________

③6,260,309→___________________________________________________________________________________________________

④750,000,000,000→___________________________________

onethousandandoneeighteenthousand,fourhundredandtwenty-threesixmillion,twohundredandsixtythousand,threehundredandnine

sevenhundredandfiftybillion(7)帶小數(shù)點(diǎn)的讀法。小數(shù)點(diǎn)讀作point,小數(shù)點(diǎn)后的數(shù)字依次用基數(shù)詞讀出。如：1.08讀作onepointzeroeight

12.34讀作twelvepointthreefour2.基數(shù)詞的用法(1)表示時(shí)刻。①表示整點(diǎn)。如8：00a.m.上午八點(diǎn)讀作：eight(o’clock)a.m.或eight(o’clock)inthemorning②表示非整點(diǎn)(順讀法,先時(shí)后分)。如：8：20

eighttwenty

7：40

sevenforty

8：15

eightfifteen以上時(shí)刻也可以讀作(逆讀法,先分后點(diǎn))：8：20

twentypasteight

7：40

twentytoeight

8：15

aquarterpasteight(2)表示加減乘除。如：3+4=7

Threeplusfourisseven.或Threeandfouris/equalsseven.7-3=4

Sevenminusthreeisfour.或Threefromsevenisfour.3×4=12

Threemultipliedbyfouristwelve.或Threetimesfouristwelve.12÷3=4

Twelvedividedbythreeisfour.或Threeintotwelvegoesfour.(3)表示度量衡。句型：主語(yǔ)+is+具體數(shù)詞+meter(s)/kilo(s)+long/high/tall/deep/away/wide…注意：far不能與具體數(shù)量單位連用,但away可以。如：①長(zhǎng)江長(zhǎng)6,300公里。TheChangjiangRiveris_________________________.②它離這里有16公里遠(yuǎn)。Itis_________________________fromhere.6,300kilometerslong16kilometers(away)

二、序數(shù)詞1.序數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成

基數(shù)詞變序數(shù)詞,詞尾加上-th(fourth,sixth)；注意第一、二、三、五、八、九、十二的序數(shù)詞分別為：first,second,third,fifth,eighth,ninth,twelfth；以y結(jié)尾的基數(shù)詞變序數(shù)詞,y變ie后加-th(twentieth)；若是碰到第幾十幾,前面用基數(shù)詞,后面用序數(shù)詞,中間加個(gè)連字符,如twenty-first?！厩捎浛谠E】一,二,三要全變(one—first；two—second；three—third)；其余都加th,th里有例外,8去t(eight—eighth),9去e(nine—ninth)；字母f代ve(five—fifth；twelve—twelfth)；ty變成tie(twenty—twentieth)；若要變化幾十幾,只變個(gè)位就可以(twenty-one—twenty-first)。2.序數(shù)詞的用法(1)序數(shù)詞和冠詞連用表示順序。如：Thefirsttruckiscarryingafruitbasket.第一輛卡車(chē)載著一個(gè)水果籃。注意：下列幾種情況不用冠詞。a.序數(shù)詞前已有物主代詞或名詞所有格時(shí),不能再用冠詞。如：ThisisTony’ssecondvisittoChina.這是托尼第二次訪問(wèn)中國(guó)。湯姆是他們的第二個(gè)兒子。Tomis

.

theirsecondsonb.表示比賽或考試的名次時(shí),通常省略定冠詞。如：Hewas(the)secondintheEnglishexam.在這次英語(yǔ)考試中他得了第二名。c.序數(shù)詞被用作副詞時(shí)不用冠詞。如：Ihavetofinishmyhomeworkfirst.我得先把作業(yè)完成好。d.在某些習(xí)語(yǔ)中不用冠詞。如：atfirst起初firstofall首先atfirstsight乍一看(2)年、月、日的表達(dá)法。如：2021年9月1日1stSeptember,2021=September1st,2021(3)和不定冠詞連用表示“又一、再一”。如：Johnfailedtwice,buthetriedathirdtime.約翰失敗了兩次,但他又試了一次。三、易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)突破基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞的混合用法1.分?jǐn)?shù)的表達(dá)法：母序子基。(1)分子是1時(shí),分母用序數(shù)詞的單數(shù)形式。如：onefifth

1/5(2)分子大于1時(shí),分母用序數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：threefourths

3/4(3)當(dāng)分母是2和4時(shí),分別可以用half和quarter代替。如：ahalf

1/2

threequarters

3/42.表示年、月、日時(shí),年用基數(shù)詞表示,日用序數(shù)詞表示。如：innineteenhundred

1900年innineteenofive

1905年Octoberthefirst,nineteenforty-nine寫(xiě)作：__________________

3.基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞都可以用來(lái)給數(shù)字編號(hào),用基數(shù)詞時(shí),名詞和數(shù)詞首字母都要大寫(xiě)。如：LessonOne=thefirstlesson第一課October1(st),19494.a+序數(shù)詞(再一……,又一……)和the+序數(shù)詞(第……)的區(qū)別。如：I’llseethemovieasecondtime.(再看一次)ThisisthesecondtimeIhaveseenthefilm.(第二次)5.百分?jǐn)?shù)用percent表示,無(wú)復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：fortypercent

40%注意：分?jǐn)?shù)和百分?jǐn)?shù)修飾主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式由分?jǐn)?shù)和百分?jǐn)?shù)

所修飾的名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)決定。如：Twofifthsofthelandinthatdistrictiscoveredwithtrees.那個(gè)地區(qū)五分之二的土地被樹(shù)木覆蓋。Twofifthsofthegirlsintheclasshavefinishedtheirhomework.班上五分之二的女生已經(jīng)完成了作業(yè)。

數(shù)詞在語(yǔ)法選擇和短文填空中考查得比較少,一般考查hundred,thousand,million等詞的用法,即具體數(shù)字和概數(shù)的表達(dá),或是forthefirsttime,thefirst+n.等用法。如：1.(2023·廣東中考·72題)Imaginethatyoutravelbackto

ofyearsagoandbrushyourteethcomfortably.

it

either

be

because

what

else

by

invent

clean

popular

habit

hundred

hundreds滿分突破2.(2022·深圳中考·43題)BeforeLangLangplayedthe____________

(three)piece,hisfingersbecamealittlecold,butheshowednofearoftheheavysnowandthethinair.

third3.Attheendofeverygrowingseason,

potatoesweredugoutoftheground,andreadiedformarket.

A.thousandwith

B.thousandswith

C.thousandof

D.thousandsofD(

)1.Itisthe

timeforhimtotakepartinthiskindofgame.(2023·西藏自治區(qū))

A.one

B.two

C.three D.third(

)2.—What’sthirtyandten？—It’s

.(2023·威武市)

A.forty

B.fifty

C.seventy

D.eightyDA真題鏈接(

)3.Thereare

peopleinthepicture,andthe

onefromtheleftisme.

(2022·百色市)A.eight；third

B.eight；three

C.eighth；third

D.eighth；threeA(

)4.About

ofmyclassmateshelptheirparentstodohouseworkonweekends.

(2022·郴州市)A.twofifths B.secondfive C.secondfifthsA(

)5.—Peopleinourtownplanted

treesonTreePlantingDay.

—Goodjob！Everyonecandosomethingtomakeourtowngreener.(2022·宿遷市)A.hundred

B.hundredof

C.hundreds

D.hundredsofD(

)6.Myauntbecameanurseinher

andshestilllovesherjobnow.

(2022·綏化市)A.twenties

B.twentieth

C.twentyA(

)7.—It’sMom’s

birthdaynextWednesday.Whatshouldwedo？

—Whataboutbuyingher

flowerstoshowourlove？(2022·朝陽(yáng)市)

A.forty；forty B.forty；fortieth

C.fortieth；forty

D.fortieth；fortiethC(

)8.—Chinaisagreatcountrywithahistoryofaboutfive

years.

—Yes.And

offoreignerscometovisititeveryyear.(2021·濱州市)

A.thousand；thousand

B.thousands；thousandsC.thousand；thousands

D.thousands；thousandC(

)9.Myaunthasonlyonechild,andshewants

child.(2021·恩施自治州改編)

A.thesecond

B.asecond

C.two

D.thetwoB(

)10.—WhenwastheCommunistPartyofChinafounded？—In1921.Itwasher

birthdayin2021.(2021·瀘州市改編)

A.hundred

B.hundredth

C.hundredsof

D.thehundredthB語(yǔ)法選擇(2023·佛山市禪城區(qū)一模改編)

TheWorldCupproducesmanyfootballstars.Pele,theBrazilianfootballsuperstarand

1

onlyplayerinhistorytowinthreeWorldCups,diedThursday,December29,2022.

模擬突破 Pelewasbornina

2

city,andthenhemovedtothestateofSaoPaulowhenhewasfour.Thereheoftenkickedapaperballaround.

3

,whenhewaseleven,alocalplayerbroughthimtothelocal

4

clubfortheyoung.Itdidn’ttakelongforhim

5

thesenior(高水平的)group.

He

6

totheworldat17atthe1958WorldCup—theyoungestplayereveratthegame.Peleplayedmorethanone

7

m