2021新高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)案必修2Unit4Wildlifeprotection

Unit4Wildlifeprotection1．rootn.根；根莖2.bamboon.竹子3．branchn.樹枝；分枝4.bushn.灌木叢5．fibre(美fiber)n.纖維6.maplen.楓樹7．pinen.松樹8.botanicaladj.植物學(xué)的9．insectn.昆蟲10.beastn.野獸；牲畜11．butterflyn.蝴蝶12.tortoisen.烏龜13．giraffen.長(zhǎng)頸鹿14.goose(復(fù)geese)n.鵝15．kangaroon.袋鼠16.squirreln.松鼠17．creaturen.生物；動(dòng)物18.leopardn.豹19．evolutionn.進(jìn)化；演變20.ecologyn.生態(tài)；生態(tài)學(xué)21．primitiveadj.原始的；遠(yuǎn)古的22．breakthroughn.重大進(jìn)展；突破23．clonen.克隆(無性繁殖出來的個(gè)體)24．endangeredadj.瀕臨滅絕的25．naturalreserve自然保護(hù)區(qū)26．protectwildlife保護(hù)野生生物1．a(chǎn)ccordingto按照，根據(jù)……所說2．dieout滅絕3．indanger(of)處于(……的)危險(xiǎn)中4．onthedecline/decrease正在下降/減少5．prevent/protect...from...阻止/保護(hù)……6．pumpout/giveout釋放出7．toone'srelief令某人寬慰的是8．resultin導(dǎo)致9．takemeasurestodosth.采取措施做某事10．raisetheawarenessof喚醒……意識(shí)1．Manytreesarebeingcutdownandmoreandmoreforestsarelost,makinganimalslosetheirhomestolivein.許多樹木正在被砍伐，越來越多的森林消失，這使得動(dòng)物們失去了它們賴以生存的家園。2．Thenumberofwildanimalsdecreasesyearbyyearsoit'shightimewetookactiontoprotectthem.野生動(dòng)物的數(shù)量每年都在下降，所以到了我們采取措施保護(hù)它們的時(shí)候了。3．Weshouldprotectwildanimalsandrealizeharmoniouscoexistencebetweenmanandnature!我們應(yīng)該保護(hù)野生動(dòng)物，實(shí)現(xiàn)人與自然和諧共處！1．How_this_kind_of_bird_died_outfromtheearthstillremainsamystery.這種鳥是如何從地球上滅絕的仍然是個(gè)謎。2．ThisistheonlyhomeoftheredColobusmonkeybutthere_are_very_few_left.這里是紅髯猴唯一的家園，但是現(xiàn)在所剩無幾了。3．Animalslivinginthewaters,especiallytheseawaters,are_protected_fromthedestructionoftheirspeciesbyman.生活在水中的動(dòng)物，尤其是海洋中的物種得以幸免于人類的迫害。教材單詞寫準(zhǔn)并記牢高考與教材Ⅰ.重點(diǎn)單詞1．wildadj.野生的；野的；未開發(fā)的；荒涼的2．decreasevi.&vt.減少；(使)變?。换蜃兩?．lossn.損失；遺失；喪失4．huntvt.&v5．laughtern.笑；笑聲6．certainadj.確定的；某一；一定7．importancen.重要(性)8．containvt.包含；容納；容忍9．powerfuladj.強(qiáng)大的；有力的10．a(chǎn)ffectvt.影響；感動(dòng)；侵襲11．a(chǎn)ttentionn.注意；關(guān)注；注意力12．inen.收入13．inspectvt.檢查；視察14．incidentn.事件；事變15．disappearancen.消失16．fierceadj.兇猛的；猛烈的17．endingn.結(jié)局；結(jié)尾18．reserven.保護(hù)區(qū)Ⅱ.拓展單詞1．a(chǎn)ppreciatevt.鑒賞；感激；意識(shí)到→appreciationn.感激；感謝2．secureadj.安全的；可靠的→securityn.安全3．respondvi.回答；響應(yīng)；做出反應(yīng)→responsen.回答；反應(yīng)；響應(yīng)4．distantadj.遠(yuǎn)的；遠(yuǎn)處的；疏遠(yuǎn)的→distancen.距離；遠(yuǎn)方；疏遠(yuǎn)5．reliefn.(痛苦或憂慮的)減輕或解除；減輕痛苦的事物→relievevt.使減輕；緩解6．succeedvi.成功vt.接替；繼任→successn.成功→successfuladj.成功的→successfullyadv.成功地7．employvt.雇用；利用(時(shí)間、精力等)→employern.雇主→employeen.雇員；雇工→employmentn.雇用；就業(yè)；職業(yè)；工作8．harmn．&vt.損害；危害→harmfuladj.有害的→harmlessadj.無害的9．protectionn.保護(hù)→protectvt.保護(hù)；防衛(wèi)10．mercyn.仁慈；寬??；憐憫→mercifuladj.仁慈的；憐憫的Ⅲ.閱讀單詞1．wildlifen．野生動(dòng)植物2.habitatn．棲息地；(動(dòng)植物的)自然環(huán)境3．threatenvt.&vi.恐嚇；威脅4.endangervt5．zonen.地域；地帶；地區(qū)6.speciesn.種類；物種7．rubvt.擦；摩擦8.insectn.昆蟲9．extinctionn.滅絕；消亡1.(2019·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)IfIsucceedinmanagingone,Iwillopenmore.2．(2019·天津卷)Thisonestrangerrespondedbeautifullytomysmallcrisis,butsheactuallywasn'ttheonlyone.3．(2018·北京卷)Withalltheprograms,teamworkiskeyastraineeslearntheimportance(important)ofleadershipandbeingpartofabiggertask.4．(2018·浙江卷)“Don'tbelateforsupper，”UnclePaulcried,“andkeeptothetracksothatyoudon'tgetlost(lose)！”5．(2017·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)Thehomeownercalledtosaythattheparentshad_responded(respond)totherecordings.———————————教材短語寫準(zhǔn)并記牢高考與教材1.die_out滅亡；逐漸消失2．in_peace和平地；和睦地；安詳?shù)?．in_danger_(of)在危險(xiǎn)中；垂危4．in_relief如釋重負(fù)；松了口氣5．burst_into_laughter突然笑起來；大聲笑了出來6．protect...from保護(hù)……不受……(危害)7．pay_attention_to注意8．pick_out挑選出9．e_into_being形成；產(chǎn)生10．a(chǎn)ccording_to按照；根據(jù)……所說11．so_that以至于；結(jié)果12．do_harm_to損害；傷害；對(duì)……有害1.(2019·浙江卷)Californiahaslosthalfitsbigtreessincethe1930s,according_to_a_study(根據(jù)一項(xiàng)研究)tobepublishedTuesdayandclimatechangeseemstobeamajorfactor.2．(2018·天津卷)Theynolongerpaid_attention_to(注意)thebirdandneverlearnedwhatitwasdoing.3．(2017·浙江卷)According_to_a_new_survey(根據(jù)一項(xiàng)新調(diào)查)bytheNationalSleepFoundation,51%ofkidsaged10to18gotobedat10pmorlateronschoolnights.教材句式寫準(zhǔn)并記牢高考與教材1.動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語ThereDaisysawanantelopelooking_sad.在那兒戴西看見一只羚羊看上去很傷心。2．a(chǎn)s引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句Itshowstheimportanceofwildlifeprotection,butI'dliketohelpas_the_WWF_suggests.這體現(xiàn)了野生動(dòng)物植物保護(hù)的重要性，不過，我還是想按照世界野生生物基金會(huì)的建議來幫助你們。3．Itisapitythat...很遺憾……It_is_a_pity_thatinthestorynobodyhelpedthedodo.很遺憾在故事中沒有人幫助渡渡鳥。4．theway＋定語從句Theylearnedthisfromthe_waytheboneswerejoinedtogether.他們是根據(jù)(恐龍)骨骼的連接方式了解到這一點(diǎn)的。1.(2019·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)Afteralongandcarefulsearch,Gregsaw,acrossafield,thedogmoving_cautiously(小心謹(jǐn)慎地離開了)．2．(2018·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)If_you_do_as_I_tell_you(如果你按照我告訴你的去做),Iamsureyouwillhaveagreattime.3．(2017·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Themusiccan'tbepresentedtodaythe_way_it_was_in_1908(像1908年那樣的方式)or1958.Ithastocontinuetomove,becausethe_way_the_world_works(世界的運(yùn)作方式)isnotthesame.1．形容詞＋un-前綴變否定詞①certain→uncertain不確定的②mon→unmon不常有的③conscious→unconscious失去知覺的④friendly→unfriendly不友好的⑤aware→unaware不知道的⑥fortunate→unfortunate不幸的⑦fair→unfair不公平的⑧l(xiāng)ikely→unlikely不可能的2．“職場(chǎng)”高頻動(dòng)詞集錦①employvt.雇用②appointvt.任命③firevt.開除④resignvt.&vi.辭職⑤interviewvt.面試⑥dismissvt.免……的職；解雇⑦retirev．退休3．“派生名詞(v.＋-ing)”集錦①ending結(jié)局；結(jié)尾②training訓(xùn)練；培養(yǎng)③feeling感覺；感情④painting繪畫；油畫⑤meeting會(huì)議⑥beginning開始；開端4．巧記各種“事件”①accidentn．事故trafficaccident交通事故②eventn．重大事件；比賽項(xiàng)目sportsevent體育賽事③incidentn.事件；事變theJuly7thIncident七七事變5．“動(dòng)詞＋out”短語薈萃①dieout滅絕；消失②setout出發(fā)；著手；擺放③makeout理解；看清楚④eout出版；出來⑤cutout刪去；切斷⑥takeout取出；去掉⑦h(yuǎn)oldout堅(jiān)持下去6．pay短語串聯(lián)①payavisitto進(jìn)行訪問②payattentionto注意③payback償還；報(bào)答④paydown用現(xiàn)金支付；當(dāng)場(chǎng)支付⑤payfor為……支付⑥payoff付清；取得成功⑦payout付出⑧payone'sway支付生活費(fèi)⑨payup全部付清高頻詞匯精講1．dieout(家族、觀念等)滅絕；消失；(物種)滅絕Asaresulttheseendangeredanimalsmayevendieout.結(jié)果，這些瀕危動(dòng)物甚至可能會(huì)消亡。dieaway(聲音，風(fēng)，光線等)逐漸消失；漸弱diedown(物質(zhì)特性，風(fēng)等)逐漸減弱；(情感)逐漸平息dieoff相繼死去完成句子①Expertshavepredictedthatmorethanhalfoftheworld's6,000languagesmaydie_outinthenextcentury.專家們預(yù)測(cè)在世界上的六千種語言當(dāng)中，可能會(huì)有一半以上于下個(gè)世紀(jì)逐漸消失。②Don'tworry.Thegossipwillsoondie_down.別擔(dān)心。流言蜚語不久就會(huì)平息的。③Thenoiseofthecardied_awayinthedistance.汽車的聲音消失在遠(yuǎn)方。2．inpeace和平地；安心地；安靜地Herewecanworkinpeace.在這里我們能安靜地工作。holdone'speace保持沉默；不出聲liveinpeacewithsb.同某人和平共處atpeace處于和平狀態(tài)keepthepeace維持治安holdthepeace保持沉默makepeacewith與……和解peace-loving愛好和平的peace-maker調(diào)停人完成句子①Shelivesin_peacewithherneighbours.她與鄰居和諧共處。②Itisatimewhenallpeace-lovingnationsoftheworldetogether.這是一個(gè)世界上熱愛和平的民族相聚在一起的時(shí)刻。3．indanger(of)在危險(xiǎn)中；垂危Hetoldusthegirlwasindanger,sowewenttohelpher.他告訴我們這個(gè)女孩處境危險(xiǎn)，因此我們?nèi)椭?1)outofdanger脫離險(xiǎn)境adangerto對(duì)……有危險(xiǎn)；對(duì)……是危險(xiǎn)的人或物(2)dangerousadj.危險(xiǎn)的(1)單句語法填空①Ihopeyou'velearnedalesson.Youputusbothindanger.②Wastemustbetreatedsothatitdoesnotbeeadangertolife.(2)寫作運(yùn)用Manyspeciesofanimalsarein_danger_of_dying_out.許多動(dòng)物種類都處于瀕臨滅絕的危險(xiǎn)中。4．respondvi.回答；響應(yīng)；做出反應(yīng)Cliverespondedtomysuggestionwithalaugh.克利夫?qū)ξ姨岬慕ㄗh報(bào)以一笑。(1)respondtosth.對(duì)……做出反應(yīng)/回答(2)responsen．回答；反應(yīng)inresponseto對(duì)……做出反應(yīng)make(a)responseto回答/響應(yīng)……；對(duì)……做出反應(yīng)(1)單句語法填空①Theteacherrespondedimmediatelytothequestionthatstudentputforward.②Inresponsetotheaudience'sgreatdemand,theplaywill/wouldbeputoninthetheatretwiceaweek.③Hemadenoresponse(respond)tomysuggestion,whichmademeverydisappointed.(2)完成句子Knowingbasicfirst-aidtechniqueswillhelpyourespond_quickly_toemergencies.知道基本的急救技術(shù)將會(huì)幫助你對(duì)緊急情況快速作出反應(yīng)。5．reliefn．(痛苦或憂慮的)減輕或解除；減輕痛苦的事物InreliefDaisyburstintolaughter.戴茜如釋重負(fù)，笑了起來。(1)inrelief如釋重負(fù)；松了口氣toone'srelief使某人欣慰的是；讓某人感到放松的是withrelief欣慰地(2)relievevtrelievesb.of...解除某人的負(fù)擔(dān)、困難等relievedadj.放心的單句語法填空①M(fèi)uchtomyrelief,mysonwaseventuallyadmittedtoafamousuniversity.②Seeinghersonreturnhomesafely,shesmiledinrelief(relieve)．③Wewere_relieved(relieve)tohearthatshewasoutofdanger.6．mercyn.憐憫；寬??；仁慈Farmershunteduswithoutmercy.農(nóng)民們毫不留情地捕殺我們。(1)atthemercyofsb./sth.任由某人/某物擺布或控制atone'smercy任由某人擺布havemercyon...對(duì)……有憐憫心showmercyto...同情……；憐憫……(2)mercifuladj.仁慈的bemercifulto...對(duì)……仁慈(1)單句語法填空①Whetherornotthesecretarywillbefiredisatthemercyofherboss.②Hunterskilledsomerareanimalswithoutmercyandnowthenumberofthemissharplydecreasing.③Weshouldbetoughwithcriminalsandshownomercytothem.④Eventhoughhewasguilty,themerciful(mercy)judgedidnotsendhimtoprison.(2)完成句子①Havinglostenginepower,theboat'screwfoundthemselvesat_the_mercy_of_the_wind.在失去引擎動(dòng)力之后，船員們發(fā)現(xiàn)自己只能任憑風(fēng)力擺布了。②Theyshowed_mercy_to/had_mercy_ontheirneighborforhesufferedalot.他們對(duì)他們的鄰居表示同情，他受的苦難太多了。7．protect...from...保護(hù)……不受……(危害)I'mprotectingmyselffrommosquitoes.我在使自己免受蚊蟲的叮咬。(1)protectsb./sth.from/against...保護(hù)某人/某物不……undertheprotectionof...在……的保護(hù)下(2)eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(keep...fromdoing,stop...fromdoing,prevent...fromdoing))阻止……做……[注意]以上短語在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中from均不可省去，而在主動(dòng)語態(tài)中，與stop/prevent搭配的from可以省略。(1)單句語法填空①Wewearglovestoprotectourhandsfromthebittercoldinwinter.②Physicalexercisecanprotectyouagainstheartdisease.③Wemustdosomethingtoprotecttreesfrombeing_cut(cut)down.(2)完成句子Effectivemeasuresmustbetakento_protect_the_environment_from/against_pollution(＝to_prevent/keep/stop_the_environment_from_being_polluted)．必須采取有效措施保護(hù)環(huán)境免受污染。8.containvt.包含；容納；抑制(感情等)Itcontainsapowerfuldrugwhichaffectsmosquitoes.它含有一種強(qiáng)效藥物可以防止蚊蟲叮咬。(1)containoneself克制自己containern.容器(2)contain...常用于表示所包含之物的全部或部分include...指作為整體中的一部分而被包括進(jìn)去，通常指同類including(介詞)＋n./pron.或n./pron.＋included作狀語(1)單句語法填空①Shecouldn'tcontainherself(she)anylonger—shesimplyhadtotellhimthegoodnews.②Foodwilllastlongerifkeptinanairtightcontainer(contain)．③Thecatswerefedanormaldiet,containing(contain)20%protein.④Afterthebigfire,hehaslosteverythingthatwasprecioustohim,including(include)hisfamily.(2)寫作運(yùn)用Afterthemeal,aluckycharmandaredpocketwhich_contains_lucky_moneywillbegiventoeveryoneandsomeluckywordsaresaidtoeachother.飯后，每個(gè)人都會(huì)收到一個(gè)吉祥飾物和一個(gè)裝著壓歲錢的紅包，并互相說一些幸運(yùn)的話語。9.affectvt.影響；感動(dòng)；侵襲Theriseinpriceswillaffectallclasses.物價(jià)的上漲將使各階層的人都受到影響。(1)begreatly/deeplyaffectedby被……深深打動(dòng)beaffectedbyheat/cold中暑/著涼beaffectedwithahighfever發(fā)高燒(2)effectn．作用；影響haveaneffecton對(duì)……產(chǎn)生影響(3)affectionn．喜愛；感情；影響；感染(1)單句語法填空①Theweight-losspillhasastrongsideeffectonpeople'shearts.②SusanBeachambelievesthatthebestpresentistheonewhichshowsaffection(affect)andtakesgreattimeandenergy.③Affected(affect)withaseriousdisease,hewasnolongerabletospeakclearlyandheknewtherewasnohopeofrecovery.(2)完成句子Thetrafficissueisverydifficulttosettle.Itnotonlyaffects_our_everyday_life,_butmayalsothreatenpeople'slives.交通問題很難解決。它不僅影響我們的日常生活，而且對(duì)人民的生命可能造成威脅。10．payattentionto注意Inordertoprotectthebalanceofnature,theprofessorsuggestedthatwe(should)payattentiontoimprovingpeople'senvironmentalawareness.為了保護(hù)生態(tài)平衡，教授建議我們注意提高人們的環(huán)保意識(shí)。draw/attract/catch/getone'sattention吸引某人的注意fix/focus/concentrateone'sattentionon...將注意力集中于……devoteone'sattentionto...專心于……(1)單句語法填空①YouspeakEnglishverywell,butmoreattentionshouldbe_paid(pay)toyourwrittenEnglish.②Iamwritingtodrawyourattentiontosomeimproperbehavioramongusstudents:litteringandscribbling.③MrWangtoldustopayattentiontoprotecting(protect)oureyesight.(2)寫作運(yùn)用Weneedtobeactiveinallkindsofsportsandpay_attention_to_mental_health,_whichisequaltophysicalhealth.我們要積極參加各種體育運(yùn)動(dòng)并注重心理健康，它與身體健康同等重要。11.appreciatevt.鑒賞；感激；意識(shí)到Y(jié)oushouldpaymoreattentiontotherainforestwhereIliveandappreciatehowtheanimalslivetogether.你應(yīng)該更加注意我所居住的雨林并欣賞動(dòng)物們是怎樣生活在一起的。(1)appreciate＋n./pron./v.-ing重視/感激……Iwouldappreciateitif...假如……，我將不勝感激(2)appreciationn.欣賞；感激(3)當(dāng)appreciate,hate,dislike,love,like,depend/relyon等詞后接賓語從句時(shí)，一般先加it，再接賓語從句。(1)單句語法填空①I'dappreciateyourwriting(write)mebackassoonaspossible.②I'dappreciateitifyoucouldletmeknowinadvancewhetherornotyouwille.③HereIsincerelyexpressmyappreciation(appreciate)forhelpingmefindthelostsuitcase.(2)寫作運(yùn)用I'd_appreciate_it_ifyoucouldtakemytipsintoaccountandIdohopethatyourpaperwillmakeadifferencetoenvironmentalprotection.如果你考慮我的建議我將感激不盡，我的確希望你的論文對(duì)環(huán)境保護(hù)有所幫助。12．succeedvi.成功；繼承vt.接替；繼任Whatmustbedoneifwildlifeprotectionistosucceed?必須做些什么才會(huì)使野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)成功？(1)succeedindoingsth.(＝managetodosth.)成功做某事succeedtosth.繼承某事succeedsb.as/tobe...接替某人成為……(2)successn.[U]成功；[C]成功的人或事successfuladj.成功的besuccessfulin(doing)sth.(做)某事取得成功(1)單句語法填空①Theyfinallysucceededinfinding(find)thesolutiontotheproblem.②Whyaresomepeoplehappyandsuccessful(success)whileothersaren't?③Parentsarrangeeverythingfortheirchildrenandsparenoeffortstopavethewayfortheirsuccess(succeed)．④Finally,Iwishthisyear'sEnglishspeechpetitionagreatsuccess.(2)寫作運(yùn)用Thesayingtellsusthatif_we_want_to_succeed,_weshouldnotonlyplancarefullybutalsoactitoutthoroughly.這句名言告訴我們，如果我們想取得成功，不僅要周密計(jì)劃，還要徹底實(shí)施。13.employvt.雇用；利用(時(shí)間、精力等)Cantheybeemployedtoworkintheparkandnothurttheanimals?他們能受雇在公園里工作而不傷害動(dòng)物嗎？(1)employsb.as...雇用某人任……employsb.todosth.雇用某人做某事eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(beemployedindoingsth.,employoneselfindoingsth.))忙于(做)某事(2)employern．雇主employeen．雇員employmentn．雇用(1)單句語法填空①Employed(employ)inwateringtheflowers,shedidn'tnoticewhatwashappening.②Thebossofthepanyistryingtocreateaneasyatmospherewherehisemployees(employ)enjoytheirwork.③Duringtheholiday,thesupermarketemployedtencollegestudentsto_work(work)forit.④Menandwomenmustbetreatedequallyineducationandemployment(employ)．(2)一句多譯Shewas_employed/employed_herself_in_reading,_soshedidnotnoticewhatwashappening.→Employed_in_reading,_shedidnotnoticewhatwashappening.→Employing_herself_in_reading,_shedidnotnoticewhatwashappening.她忙著讀書，因此沒有注意到發(fā)生的一切。14．harmn.&vt.損害；危害Modernfarmingmethodshavedoneconsiderableharmtothecountryside.現(xiàn)代的耕作方式對(duì)鄉(xiāng)村造成了很大的損害。(1)dosb./sth.harm(＝doharmtosb./sth.)對(duì)……造成傷害Thereisnoharmindoingsth.做某事無害處(2)harmfuladj.有害的beharmfulto對(duì)……有害harmlessadj.無害的(1)單句語法填空①Scientistsdonotknowhowmuchandwhatkindsofnoisesareharmful(harm)tooceananimals.②Staringatthescreenoftheputerwilldoharmtoyoureyes.③Thereisnoharmingivinggiftstochildren,buttheyshouldnotberewards.(2)寫作運(yùn)用Itisknowntoallthatnotonlydoessmokingdo_harm_toyourself,butalsoitaffectsotherpeople.眾所周知，吸煙不僅對(duì)你自己有害，它還會(huì)影響到別人。15eintobeing形成；產(chǎn)生Theylivedontheearthtensofmillionsofyearsago,longbeforehumanscameintobeing.千百萬年前恐龍就在地球上生活，比人類的出現(xiàn)要早得多。eintoaction開始行動(dòng)eintooffice就職eintosight看見eintopower當(dāng)權(quán)eintouse開始使用eintoeffect開始實(shí)施；開始生效[注意]eintobeing是不及物動(dòng)詞短語，無被動(dòng)形式，不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。完成句子①Nooneknowsforsurewhentheuniversecame_into_being?沒人確切知道宇宙是什么時(shí)候產(chǎn)生的？②Thenewlawwille_into_effectnextmonth.新法規(guī)下月生效。③Astheplanecamedownthroughtheclouds,greenfieldsandwhitehousescame_into_sight.當(dāng)飛機(jī)穿破云層下降的時(shí)候，綠色的田野和白色的房子進(jìn)入了視野之內(nèi)。重點(diǎn)詞匯點(diǎn)撥1．decreasevi.&vt.減少；(使)變?。蛔兩?1)decrease(from...)to...(從……)減少到……decreaseby減少了onthedecrease在減少中(2)increasev．/n.增加；增長(zhǎng)；增進(jìn)increaseby/to……增加了/到……ontheincrease在增長(zhǎng)中①Alocalnewspaperremarksthatcrimeisonthedecrease.②Wehavenoideawhenthehousingpriceswilldecreasetothelevelwecanafford.③Bytheendofthestudy,thatpercentagehaddecreasedbyhalf,to45percent.2．lossn.丟失；遺失；損失；虧損(1)makeupfortheloss彌補(bǔ)損失ataloss不知所措；困惑sufferaloss(of)蒙受(……的)損失(2)belostin全神貫注；沉浸于①Lost(lose)inthought,hedidn'tknowhisclassmateshadlefttheclassroom.②Foramoment,Tomwasatalosshowtorespondtoherquestion.③Hewasdeterminedtotryhisbesttomakeupfortheloss(lose)．3．reservevt.保留；保存；預(yù)訂n．保護(hù)區(qū)；貯藏；儲(chǔ)備(1)reservesth.forsb./sth.為……保留reserveone'sopinion保留某人的意見with/withoutreserve有/沒有保留地inreserve留下的；備用的(2)makeareservation預(yù)訂；預(yù)約①Itisadvisabletokeepalittlefoodinreserveincaseofemergency.②Asusualtheysatatthetablereserved(reserve)forthemandorderedtheirlunch.③I'vemadeareservation(reserve)atatravelagencysothatyoucanhaveaguideduringthesightseeing.典型句式精析1．Sheturnedroundandtherewasanantelopewithasadfacelookingather.她轉(zhuǎn)過身來，看到一頭羚羊帶著憂郁的神情望著她。1此處withasadfacelookingather為“with＋復(fù)合賓語”作定語2“with＋復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)”在句中多作狀語，也可以作定語。此結(jié)構(gòu)中常見的賓語補(bǔ)足語形式有：①Withwinteringon，it'stimetobuywarmclothes.冬天來了，該買暖衣了。with＋n.＋doing②Withallthethingsbought，shewenthomehappily.帶著她買了所有東西，她高興地回家了。with＋n.＋done③Shesleptwiththewindowsopen.她開著窗子睡著了。with＋n.＋adj.④Hewaslyingonthebedwithallhisclotheson.他穿著衣服躺在床上。(with＋n.＋adv.)⑤Theteachercamewithabookinhishand.老師來了，手里拿著一本書。(with＋n.＋介詞短語)⑥Withnothingtodo,Tomsleptathome.由于無事可做，湯姆在家睡覺。(with＋pron.＋todo)單句語法填空①Withthesummervacationapproaching(approach),Idesiretodoapart-timejobinaforeignpany.②Ifyoudon'tlikeit,youcanjustsayapolite“thankyou”，withthefoodleft(leave)there.③Withnooneto_turn(turn)toinsuchafrighteningsituation,shefeltveryhopeless.④Themancamein,withabottleinhishand.2．Theylearnedthisfromthewaytheboneswerejoinedtogether.他們根據(jù)(恐龍)骨骼的連接方式了解到這一點(diǎn)。(1)句中way表示“方式；方法”，后面是省略了關(guān)系詞that或inwhich的定語從句，此時(shí)way在定語從句中作狀語(2)way后接定語從句時(shí)，如果關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語或賓語則用關(guān)系代詞that/which，作賓語時(shí)還可以省略(3)way表示“方式；方法”時(shí)，其后還可接不定式或ofdoingsth.的形式(1)單句語法填空①IthinkyouhurthispridebylaughingatthewaythathespeaksEnglish.②Heordershisassistantsaroundinawaythat/whichisveryoffensive.③I'dliketoknowthewayyouthinkofto_improve(improve)yourhandwriting.(2)完成句子①Yetinmodernsocietysomebodyhastodoordinaryjobssuchascleaningstreetsbecausethisisthe_way_society_is_organized.然而，在現(xiàn)代社會(huì)，人們必須做一些普通的工作，比如清掃街道，因?yàn)檫@是社會(huì)的組織方式。②Andyoushouldkeepitinmindthatparingnoteswithyourclassmatesfrequentlyisagoodwayto_improve_your_study.你應(yīng)該記住經(jīng)常與同班同學(xué)商量是提高學(xué)習(xí)的有效方法。Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1．Theexperiencedhunterinspected(檢查)carefullythefootprintsandconcludedthatthesebelongedtothewolf.2．ProfessorLeeissointerestedinplantsthatheemploys(利用)almostallhissparetimetoplantflowers.3．Thegreenhousegasmainlycausedbycarsreallyharms(危害)theenvironmentwherewelive.4．Ayoungmanwitha(n)secure(穩(wěn)定的)jobandsalarymighthavethemoneytobuyanapartmentinthecenterofthecity.5．Severalnaturalreserves(保護(hù)區(qū))havebeensetuptoprotectthoseendangeredplantsandanimals.6．Becausehumanbeingsdestroytherainforest,thenumberofwildanimalslivingtherehasdecreased(下降)quickly.7．Thisincident(事件)reallyletmeknowthatIhadalongwaytogo.8．Althoughsmokingaffects(影響)people'shealth,Chinahasthelargestnumberofpeoplewhoaresmoking.9．Whenheopenedtheschoolbag,hefoundthatitcontained(包含)twobooks,apenandaneraser.10．Thegunmenshowednomercy(憐憫),killinginnocentmenandwomen.Ⅱ.單句語法填空1．TheInternationalLabourOrganizationhelpstoimproveworkingconditionsandcreateemployment(employ)opportunities.2．TheInternetandtelevisionmakeitpossibleforustoseeadistant(distance)scene.3．Heopposesfiercely(fierce)toflexibleworkinghoursanddoesnotbelieveinworkingathome.4．Wemustleteveryoneknowtheimportance(important)ofenvironmentprotection.5．Theboywasrushedtothehospitalbecausehewas_bitten(bite)byadog.6．There'snothinglikeagoodnap,oralongnight'ssleeptorelieve(relief)tensions.7．Afastfoodrestaurantistheplacewhere,justasthenamesuggests,eatingisperformedquickly.8．Don'tbediscouraged!Youwillbeinchargeofyourlifeinsteadoffeelingatthemercyofit!9．Inviewofwhathehasdone,hewillcertainly(certain)succeed.10．Theproductwasdevelopedinresponse(respond)tocustomers'demand.11．Hestoodthere,withhisattentionfixed(fix)onthenoticeonthewall.12．Marysuccessfully(succeed)foundawell-paidjobaftershegraduatedfromcollege.13．Schoolchildrenspendtoomuchtimeonvideogames,whichwouldbeharmful(harm)totheireyesandaffecttheirschoolachievements.14．Inthelastfivehundredyears,alotofwildanimalsandplantshave_disappeared(disappear)．15．MrBlackwasatalossfacedwiththefierceflood.Ⅲ.選詞填空dieout,indangerof,eintobeing,inpeace,accordingto,protect...from,burstintolaughter,payattentionto1．Shewasbadlywoundedandin_danger_oflosingherlifeatanytime.2．Moreandmoreanimalshavebeenhunted,someofwhicharedying_out.3．I'mcurioustoknowwhenthedanceclubfirstcame_into_being.4．According_towhathesaid,hedidn'tgetwhathehadwanted.5．Peopleofdifferentreligionshavelivedtogetherin_peaceforcenturiesinthiscountry.6．Heiswearingsunglassestoprotecthiseyesfromthestrongsunlight.7．Weshouldpay_attention_tothepronunciationofthewordswhenlearningEnglish.8．Thewholeclassburst_into_laughterwhentheyheardthejoke.Ⅳ.完成句子1．Inordertoprotectthefinlessporpoisesfrom_dying_out,_wesincerelyhopeyoucanhelptakesomemeasures.為了保護(hù)中國(guó)長(zhǎng)江江豚免于滅絕，我們真誠希望你們能采取一些措施。2．I_will_appreciate_itifyoucouldhelpmetofindhisaddress.你若能幫我找到他的地址，我將不勝感激。3．Ourgovernmenthaspromisedtoimproveourwaterquality,soit_won't_be_long_beforetheresidentscanhaveaccesstocleanwater.我們的政府承諾提高我們的水質(zhì)，所以不久之后居民就可以喝到干凈水了。4．As_the_world's_population_continues_to_grow,_thesupplyoffoodbeesmoreandmoreofaconcern.隨著世界人口持續(xù)增長(zhǎng)，食品的供應(yīng)成了人們?cè)絹碓疥P(guān)心的事情。5．AsfarasI'mconcerned,Ilike_the_way_th