天津市河?xùn)|區(qū)2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期中質(zhì)量檢測英語試題含答案解析

河?xùn)|區(qū)2023～2024學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期期中質(zhì)量檢測高二英語試卷注意事項(xiàng)：1.本試卷共100分，考試時間90分鐘。2.請將答案填寫在答題紙上。Ⅰ.聽力理解(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1分，滿分5分)聽下面五段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你將有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdoesthemanwanttodrink?A.Hottea.B.Icewater.C.Hotcoffee.2.Wherecanthewomanfindthenearestdrugstore?A.Inthesupermarket.B.OnFourthStreet.C.Nexttoavegetablemarket.3.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A.Workhard.B.Takelessexercise.C.Haveabreak.4.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Expressingthanks.B.Buyingaticket.C.Seeingthemanoff.5.Whenwillthefilmend?A.At9:45.B.At9:30.C.At9:15.第二節(jié)(共10小題：每小題1分，滿分10分)聽下面幾段材料。每段材料后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段材料前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段材料讀兩遍。聽下面一段對話，回答第6至第8三個小題。6.TowhomisMr.Jamestalking?A.Sandra’smother.B.Sandra’sclassmate.C.Sandra’steacher.7.WhatdoweknowaboutSandra?A.Shedoesn’teatmeatatall.B.Sheisunwillingtohaveschoolmeals.C.Shelikesproductswhichcontainnuts.8.WhatwillSandradotomorrow?A.Transfertoanotherschool.B.Trytoaskforsickleave.C.Gotothedentist.聽下面一段對話，回答第9至第11三個小題。9.WhydoesJacobcallErica?A.Tomakeanapology.B.Toputofftheappointment.C.Tosharethegoodnews.10.WhatdoesJacobdecidetodothisFridayevening?A.VisitEricaatherhome.B.GotoMary’ssuperior’sparty.C.WaitforacallfromErica.11.WhatisEricaprobablygoingtodonext?A.TalkwithAlex.B.PickupAlex’sparents.C.HaveadinneratSardi’sRestaurant.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答第12至第15四個小題。12.Whatwilltheweatherbelikethisafternoon?A.Cloudy.B.Rainy.C.Sunny.13.WhatwillthehighesttemperaturebeonSaturday?A.10℃.B.9℃.C.8℃.14.Whatseasonisit?A.Autumn.B.Winter.C.Spring.15.Howdoesthespeakersoundintheend?A.Serious.B.Worried.C.Humorous.Ⅱ.單項(xiàng)選擇(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)從A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。1.--Lisahasdecidedtoquitherjob.--_____Herjobiswhatwe’redreamingof.A.It’sgreat. B.Whatif? C.Shecan’tbeserious. D.Nobother.【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查交際用語。句意：——麗莎決定辭職。——她的工作正是我們夢寐以求的。A.It’sgreat.太棒了；B.Whatif?如果......會怎么樣；C.Shecan’tbeserious.她不可能是認(rèn)真的；D.Nobother.不麻煩。根據(jù)句意可知，對方認(rèn)為麗莎的工作非常好，因此認(rèn)為她辭職的決定可能不是認(rèn)真的。故選C項(xiàng)。2.Themaintopicoftheconversationamongpeoplerecentlyhasbeenthepossible_____oftheelection.A.outcome B.root C.contrast D.outline【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：最近人們談?wù)摰闹饕掝}是選舉可能的結(jié)果。A.outcome結(jié)果；B.root根源；C.contrast對比；D.outline大綱。根據(jù)句意可知，人們主要談?wù)摰氖沁x舉可能出現(xiàn)的結(jié)果。故選A項(xiàng)。3.Withgreatefforts,Ifinally______thekeythatI______aweekbefore.A.hadfound…lost B.found…h(huán)adlost C.found…lost D.hadfound…h(huán)avelost【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查時態(tài)。句意：經(jīng)過一番努力，我終于找到了一周前丟失的鑰匙?！癴ind”表示“找到”，為主句謂語動詞，該動作發(fā)生在過去，用一般過去時態(tài)；“l(fā)ose”表示“丟失”，為從句謂語動詞，發(fā)生在“find”之前，即過去的過去，用過去完成時態(tài)。故選B。4.Howtoplaythepianowasdifficult,buthekept____untilheachievedhisgoal.A.practicing B.topracticeC.practiced D.practice【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：如何彈鋼琴是困難的，但他堅持練習(xí)，直到他達(dá)到了他的目標(biāo)。Keepdoingsth表示“保持做某事”，用動名詞作賓語，故選A項(xiàng)。5._____becausetheywerepromisedtogetpaid,theydecidedtotakepart.However,itwasatotaldisappointment.A.Merely B.Literally C.Rarely D.Hopefully【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：僅僅因?yàn)樗麄儽辉S諾會得到報酬，他們就決定參加。然而，這是一件令人徹底失望的事。A.Merely僅僅，只；B.Literally字面上地；C.Rarely很少；D.Hopefully有希望地。根據(jù)句意可知，僅僅是因?yàn)榭陬^的許諾，他們就同意參加了。故選A項(xiàng)。6.Anopenmindedpersonisableto______newconditionsquickly.A.contributeto B.leadto C.adaptto D.declineto【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：一個思想開放的人能夠很快適應(yīng)新的環(huán)境。A.contributeto有助于；B.leadto導(dǎo)致；C.adaptto適應(yīng)；D.declineto拒絕。根據(jù)“newconditionsquickly.”可知，思想開放的人適應(yīng)新的環(huán)境快。故選C。7.PractisingdayinanddayouthelpedStephenCurry______hisskills.A.suspect B.sharpen C.detect D.dread【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：日復(fù)一日的訓(xùn)練幫助斯蒂芬·庫里提高了他的技術(shù)。A.suspect懷疑；B.sharpen改善，提高；C.detect覺察；D.dread畏懼。根據(jù)句意可知，日復(fù)一日的訓(xùn)練可以提高技術(shù)。故選B項(xiàng)。8.Wehada_____timetalkingabouttheoldbutunforgettabledaysonhisfarm.A.embarrassed B.embarrassing C.delighted D.delightful【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們聊起在他農(nóng)場度過的往昔那些難忘的日子，度過了一段愉快的時光。A.embarrassed（人）感到尷尬的；B.embarrassing令人尷尬的；C.delighted（人）感到開心的；D.delightful令人愉快的。根據(jù)句意可知，我們談?wù)撨^去難忘的日子，度過了一段愉快的時光。此處形容詞修飾“time”，故選D項(xiàng)。9.Thisworkingisstartingto______,sowehaveenoughreasonstocontinue.A.payfor B.carryon C.payoff D.carryout【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：這項(xiàng)工作開始有回報了，所以我們有足夠的理由繼續(xù)下去。A.payfor支付；B.carryon繼續(xù)；C.payoff取得成功，得到回報；D.carryout實(shí)施。根據(jù)后文“sowehaveenoughreasonstocontinue.”可知，要繼續(xù)下去，說明有回報了。故選C。10.Pleasetrustme.Iguarantee______yourgoodswithinaweek.A.delivering B.tobedelivered C.beingdelivered D.todeliver【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：請相信我。我保證一周內(nèi)交付你的貨物。guaranteetodosth.保證做某事，固定搭配。主語I與deliver之間為主動關(guān)系，所以用不定式主動形式。故選D。11.Doremember______thedoorwhenyouleave.A.lock B.tolock C.locking D.locked【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：離開時一定要記得鎖門。remembertodosth.記得去做某事（未做）；rememberdoingsth.記得做過某事（已做）。根據(jù)“whenyouleave.”可知，離開時還沒有鎖門，所以是記得要去鎖門。故選B。12.Thisisakindofplant,native______EuropebutintroducedinAmerica.A.to B.in C.from D.for【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：這是一種植物，原產(chǎn)于歐洲，但被引入美國。A.to到；B.in在……里面；C.from來自；D.for為了。benativeto表示“原產(chǎn)于”。根據(jù)“butintroducedinAmerica.”可知，這種植物原產(chǎn)于歐洲。故選A。13.Weshall______immediatelyoncethematterissettledsothatwecanarriveearlier.A.bringout B.setout C.giveway D.turndown【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：一旦事情解決，我們將立即出發(fā)，以便我們能早點(diǎn)到達(dá)。A.bringout使顯現(xiàn)；出版；B.setout出發(fā)；C.giveway讓步；D.turndown拒絕。根據(jù)“sothatwecanarriveearlier.”可知，立即出發(fā)能早點(diǎn)到達(dá)。故選B。14.Lisafoundthatitwasimpossible______inanewplacewithoutfriends.A.living B.lived C.live D.tolive【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：麗莎發(fā)現(xiàn)沒有朋友在一個新地方生活是不可能的。itis+adj.+todosth.表示“做某事是……”，其中it是形式主語，真正的主語是不定式。故選D。15.MissYangisthebestteacher,______shehastheleastexperience.A.asif B.until C.eventhough D.if【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：楊老師是最好的老師，盡管她經(jīng)驗(yàn)最少。A.asif似乎，好像；B.until直到；C.eventhough盡管，即使；D.if如果。根據(jù)句意可知，前后構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，空處引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。故選C項(xiàng)。Ⅲ.完形填空(共20小題;每小題1分，滿分20分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Iwasstandinginthecheckoutlinebehindawomanwholookedlikeinher60s.Whenitwasherturnto____16____,thecashiergreetedherbynameand____17____herhowshewasdoing.Thewomanshookherheadandsaid,“Notsogood.Myhusbandjust____18____hisjobandmysonisuptohisoldtricks.Idon’tknowhowI’mgoingto____19____theholidays.”Thenshegavethecashierfoodstamps.My____20____ached.Iwantedtohelp____21____didn’tknowhow.AsIwalkedintotheparkinglot,Ispottedthewoman____22____hershoppingcart,andIrememberedsomethinginmypursethatcould____23____her.Itwasn’tahandfulofcashorajobforher____24____,butmaybejustmaybeitwouldmakeherlifebetter.“Excuseme,”Isaid.“Icouldn’thelpoverhearingwhatyousaidtothecashier.It____25____likeyou’regoingthroughareallyhardtimerightnow.I’mso____26____.I’dliketogiveyousomething.”AndI____27____heracard.Whenthewomanreadthecard’sonlytwowords,shebeganto____28____.Hereyesfillingwithtears,shesaid,“Youhavenoideahowmuchthismeanstome.”Iwasalittle____29____byherreply.AllIcouldrespondwas“Oh,woulditbeOKtogiveyouahug?”Afterweembraced,Iwalkedbacktomy____30____andbegantocrytoo.Thewordsonthe____31____:YouMatter.Afewweeksearlieracolleaguegavemethesamecardas____32____foraprojectIwasworkingon.WhenI____33____thecard,Ifeltawarmglowspreadinsideofme.Deeply____34____,IcamehomeandorderedmyownboxofYouMattercardsandstarted____35____themtoo.16.A.show B.check C.count D.pay17.A.gave B.offered C.asked D.called18.A.satisfied B.lost C.began D.minded19.A.getthrough B.getacross C.breakthrough D.putout20.A.head B.heart C.stomach D.brain21.A.so B.and C.or D.but22.A.getting B.cleaning C.returning D.using23.A.help B.save C.respect D.change24.A.husband B.son C.relative D.friend25.Asmells B.tastes C.feels D.sounds26.A.nervous B.puzzled C.sorry D.afraid27.A.bought B.handed C.taught D.showed28.A.cry B.smile C.swim D.leave29.A.concerned B.amused C.surprised D.frightened30.A.office B.car C.position D.horse31.A.watch B.phone C.invitation D.card32.A.convenience B.advice C.amazement D.encouragement33.A.prepared B.accepted C.read D.processed34.A.supported B.touched C.confused D.required35A.sharing B.discovering C.exchanging D.making【答案】16.D17.C18.B19.A20.B21.D22.C23.A24.A25.D26.C27.B28.A29.C30.B31.D32.D33.C34.B35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者在超市時，無意中聽到前面的女人過得并不好，作者感到心痛，于是把同事送給自己的激勵卡片送給了女人，女人看后十分感動，作者回家也訂購了一盒這樣的卡片，準(zhǔn)備和他人分享。【16題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：輪到她付款時，收銀員叫出她的名字向她打招呼，并問她過得怎么樣。A.show展示；B.check檢查；C.count計算；D.pay支付。根據(jù)上文“Iwasstandinginthecheckoutlinebehindawomanwholookedlikeinher60s.(我在收銀臺排隊，后面站著一個60多歲的女人)”可知，此處指輪到女人付錢了。故選D?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：輪到她付款時，收銀員叫出她的名字向她打招呼，并問她過得怎么樣。A.gave給予；B.offered提供；C.asked詢問；D.called打電話。根據(jù)后文“herhowshewasdoing”指收銀員詢問女人的情況。故選C。【18題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我丈夫剛失業(yè)，我兒子老毛病又犯了。A.satisfied滿足；B.lost丟失，失去；C.began開始；D.minded介意。根據(jù)上文“Notsogood.(不太好)”可知，女人的情況不太好，推測丈夫丟了工作，故選B?！?9題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：我不知道我要怎么度過這個假期。A.getthrough度過；B.getacross傳達(dá)，使理解；C.breakthrough突破；D.putout撲滅。根據(jù)賓語“theholidays”指度過假期，應(yīng)用getthrough。故選A?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我的心很痛。A.head頭；B.heart心；C.stomach胃；D.brain大腦。根據(jù)后文“Iwantedtohelp”作者想要幫助對方，可推知作者聽了女人的情況感到心痛。故選B?！?1題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：我想幫忙，但不知道該怎么做。A.so所以；B.and并且；C.or或者；D.but但是。結(jié)合前后文語境可知為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，應(yīng)用連詞but。故選D?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我走進(jìn)停車場的時候，我看到那位女士正在歸還推購物車，我想起了我錢包里的一些東西可以幫助她。A.getting得到；B.cleaning打掃；C.returning歸還，返回；D.using使用。根據(jù)后文“hershoppingcart”可知對方已經(jīng)結(jié)了賬，所以是歸還購物車。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我走進(jìn)停車場的時候，我看到那位女士正在推購物車，我想起了我錢包里的一些東西可以幫助她。A.help幫助；B.save拯救；C.respect尊重；D.change改變。呼應(yīng)上文“Iwantedtohelp”指作者想到錢包里的東西可以幫助女人。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這不能給她丈夫的一筆錢或一份工作，但也許只是也許這會讓她的生活更好。A.husband丈夫；B.son兒子；C.relative親戚；D.friend朋友。根據(jù)上文“Myhusbandjust3hisjob”可知女人的丈夫丟了工作。故選A。【25題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：聽起來你現(xiàn)在正經(jīng)歷一段非常艱難的時期。A.smells聞起來；B.tastes品嘗；C.feels感覺；D.sounds聽起來。根據(jù)上文“Icouldn’thelpoverhearingwhatyousaidtothecashier.(我無意中聽到了你對收銀員說的話)”可知，作者是根據(jù)對話聽出來對方正在經(jīng)歷艱難時期。故選D。【26題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我很遺憾。A.nervous緊張；B.puzzled困惑的；C.sorry遺憾的，抱歉的；D.afraid害怕的。結(jié)合上文提到作者聽了對方的情況感到心痛，可知對方抱有同情心，所以說“我很遺憾”。故選C?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我遞給她一張卡片。A.bought購買；B.handed遞給；C.taught教學(xué)；D.showed展示。根據(jù)后文“thewomanreadthecard’sonlytwowords”可知，作者遞給女人一張卡片。故選B?！?8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)女人讀到卡片上僅有的兩個字時，她開始哭了起來。A.cry哭泣；B.smile微笑；C.swim游泳；D.leave離開。根據(jù)后文“Hereyesfillingwithtears”可知，女人看到卡片上的字哭了。故選A。【29題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她的回答使我有點(diǎn)吃驚。A.concerned擔(dān)心的；B.amused被逗樂的；C.surprised驚訝的；D.frightened害怕的。根據(jù)上文“Hereyesfillingwithtears,shesaid,“Youhavenoideahowmuchthismeanstome.”(她的眼里充滿了淚水，她說:“你不知道這對我有多重要。”)”可知，一張卡片被對方認(rèn)為很重要，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，推測作者當(dāng)時感到吃驚。故選C?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們擁抱后，我走回我的車，開始哭了起來。A.office辦公室；B.car車；C.position位置；D.horse馬。根據(jù)上文“AsIwalkedintotheparkinglot”可知，作者是回到了自己的車?yán)?。故選B?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：卡片上寫著：你很重要。A.watch手表；B.phone電話；C.invitation邀請函；D.card卡片。呼應(yīng)上文“thewomanreadthecard’sonlytwowords”指卡片上寫著“你很重要”。故選D?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：幾周前，一位同事給了我一張同樣的卡片，作為對我正在做的一個項(xiàng)目的鼓勵。A.convenience方便；B.advice建議；C.amazement驚訝；D.encouragement鼓勵。根據(jù)后文“foraprojectIwasworkingon”可知卡片是同事作為對作者的鼓勵。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我讀這張卡片時，我感到一股溫暖的光芒在我的內(nèi)心蔓延。A.prepared準(zhǔn)備；B.accepted接受；C.read閱讀；D.processed加工。根據(jù)后文“Ifeltawarmglowspreadinsideofme”指作者閱讀卡片，內(nèi)心感到溫暖。且上文“Whenthewomanreadthecard’sonlytwowords,”也是提示。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我深受感動，回到家，我自己訂購了一盒“你很重要”的卡片，也開始和別人分享。A.supported支持；B.touched觸動；C.confused使困惑；D.required需要。根據(jù)上文“Ifeltawarmglowspreadinsideofme.(我感到一股溫暖的光芒在我的內(nèi)心蔓延)”可知，作者被卡片感動了，所以回家也訂購了卡片準(zhǔn)備分享。故選B。【35題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我深受感動，回到家，我自己訂購了一盒“你很重要”的卡片，也開始和別人分享。A.sharing分享；B.discovering發(fā)現(xiàn)；C.exchanging交換；D.making制作。根據(jù)上文“orderedmyownboxofYouMattercards”可知，作者訂購卡片的目的是為了分享。故選A。Ⅳ.閱讀理解(共10小題;每小題2.5分，滿分25分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AIfyouarelookingforauniquegiftforagraduate,Irecommendthesechildren’spicturebooksfortheirwitandwisdom.IWishYouMoreIWishYouMore,byAmyKrouseRosenthalandTomLichtenheld,isabookfullofgoodwishes,expressedinawaythatgraduateswillappreciate.Whileacknowledging(承認(rèn))lifeisn’tperfect,thewishesarealwaysforthebest.Wishesinclude,“Iwishyoumoregivethantake”and“Iwishyoumoreumbrellasthanrain”.Thebook’screatorseffectivelycombinehumor,wisdomandaffectioninit.IfYouHoldaSeedTheauthorandillustratorEllyMacKay’sillustrationstellthisquietstoryaboutalittleboywhoplantsaseedandpatientlycultivatesandcaresforitovertheseasonsuntilitreachesmaturity.Thisstoryalsoservesasametaphor(隱喻)forworkingtowardsadreamorgoalwithcareandpatienceandreachingitovertime,whichmakesIfYouHoldaSeedagoodgraduationgift.OnlyOneYouInthispicturebookwrittenandillustratedbyLindaKranz,amotherandafatherdecideitistimetosharetheirwisdomwiththeirson,Adri.WhileAdri’sparents’wordsareindeedwise,itisthemixedmediaartworkillustratingtheirmeaningsthatmakesthisbooksospecial.Forexample,“Ifsomethinggetsinyourway,movearoundit”isillustratedwithalineofrockfishthatdetouraroundafishinglinewithawormonit.36.HowdoesthewriterintroduceIWishYouMore?A.Byshowingsomeexamples.B.Bytellinganinterestingstory.C.Bymakingacomparison.D.Byexplainingthemeaningsofthewishes.37.WhatwouldthewriterliketotellusbyIfYouHoldaSeed?A.Plantshavesomethingtodowithseeds.B.Itisnoteasyforaplanttoreachmaturity.C.Thebookcanberegardedasagoodgiftforkids.D.Careandpatienceareimportantinrealizingagoal.38.OnlyOneYouisillustratedwithpicturesinorderto______.A.takeitmoreexpensiveB.showthewriter’sartisticstandardC.helpreaderstounderstanditbetterD.encouragereaderstoovercomedifficulties【答案】36.A37.D38.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章推薦了幾本兒童圖畫書?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)IWishYouMore中“Wishesinclude,‘Iwishyoumoregivethantake’and‘Iwishyoumoreumbrellasthanrain’.(愿望包括，‘我希望你付出比索取多’和‘我希望你雨傘比雨多’。)”可知，作者是通過展示一些例子來介紹《IWishYouMore》的。故選A項(xiàng)。【37題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)IfYouHoldaSeed中“Thisstoryalsoservesasametaphor(隱喻)forworkingtowardsadreamorgoalwithcareandpatienceandreachingitovertime,whichmakesIfYouHoldaSeedagoodgraduationgift.(這個故事也隱喻了以愛心、耐心朝著一個夢想或目標(biāo)努力，并隨著時間的推移而實(shí)現(xiàn)它，這使得《IifYouHoldaSee》成為一個很好的畢業(yè)禮物。)”可知，作者想通過《IfYouHoldaSeed》告訴我們在實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)的過程中，愛心和耐心是很重要的。故選D項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)OnlyOneYou中“WhileAdri’sparents’wordsareindeedwise,itisthemixedmediaartworkillustratingtheirmeaningsthatmakesthisbooksospecial.(雖然Adri父母的話確實(shí)很有智慧，但正是這些混合媒體的藝術(shù)作品說明了他們的意思，使這本書如此特別。)”可知，《OnlyOneYou》中帶有插圖的說明是為了幫助讀者更好地理解。故選C項(xiàng)。BIwaslivinginDeltain2015.Therewasaman,Boniface,whoownedastorewhichI’doftenvisited.Graduallywebecamefriends.Oneday,wetalkedaboutthebusinessopportunitiesinourcountryatthattime,andduringthecommunication,Ifoundthemostpracticalonewasstartingabarrow(手推車)rentalbusiness.Thenwehadsomein-depthexchangesofviewsonit,andbothofusthoughttherewasastrongpossibilityofsucceeding.Sowewentintothebusiness.Westartedasasmallbusinesswith6barrows.Thebarrow-mengaveus51centsperdayforrentingthebarrows.Itseemedsmallbutlatergrewandmadeourlifebetter.Butwedidn’tstopthere.Thatwasbecausewhenwefirststartedourbusinessouraimwasn’tonlytomakemoney.Themostvaluablethingforusistotouchothers’livespositively.InNigeria,beingabarrowpusherisnotaveryattractivejob.Butforpeoplewhowerepoorfarmersoryoungpeoplewithoutjobs,wheelbarrowpushinghelpsthemmakealiving.Itdoesn’trequiremuchskill.Withhardworkandvigor,apersoncanmakemoneydaily.Wesawthemeaningofthisbusinessandthendecidedtospendmoneyandresourcesonre-brandingbarrows.Wegaveeachbarrow-manabrandedT-shirttoshowtheybelongedtoagoodbrand.Wealsoheldsmallclassesforthemtoeducatethemonhowtomaketheirbarrowsbettertransportersandhowtobeextrapolitetopeoplesoastobuildupagoodreputation.Wemarketedthemaspoliteandexcellentpusherstoattractmorecustomers.Thesemethodsworked.Theystartedgettingmorejobsandearnedmore.Andanumberofthemevensavedupenoughtostartbusinessesoftheirown.Today,thatlittlebusinessmadeusmillionaireswhilehiringover20peopleandtouchingtheirlivespositively.Over20familiesarefedbecausetwoNigeriansdecided,despiteallthedifficulties,todosomething.39.Whatmadetheauthorstartthebarrowrentalbusiness?A.Losinghisjob. B.Beingshortofmoney.C.Hisfamily’ssuggestion. D.Hisdiscussionwithafriend.40.Whatdidtheauthorconsidermostimportantinrunningthebusiness?A.Hiringmoreworkers.B.Improvingpeople’slives.C.Cuttingthecompany’scosts.D.Makingcustomersloyaltotheircompany.41.Whatdidtheauthorandhisfrienddotorebrandthebusiness?A.Theysentthebarrow-mentoschool.B.Theylentmoneytothebarrow-men.C.Theytaughtthebarrow-mentomakeclothesD.Theyturnedthebarrow-menintoprofessionalpushers.【答案】39.D40.B41.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者創(chuàng)辦了一家手推車租賃業(yè)務(wù)，通過培訓(xùn)和教育幫助低收入者重塑形象，極大地改善了他們的生活?！?9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第三句“Oneday,wetalkedaboutthebusinessopportunitiesinourcountryatthattime,andduringthecommunication,Ifoundthemostpracticalonewasstartingabarrowrentalbusiness.”(有一天我們討論了那個時候在我們鄉(xiāng)村做生意的機(jī)會，在我們的談話中我發(fā)現(xiàn)最現(xiàn)實(shí)的是創(chuàng)辦一家手推車租賃生意。)可知，作者和朋友的討論促使作者創(chuàng)辦了手推車租賃生意，故選D項(xiàng)。【40題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Themostvaluablethingforusistotouchothers’livespositively.”(對我們來說，最寶貴的是以積極的方式觸動別人的生活。)可知，作者認(rèn)為做生意更重要的是改善別人的生活，故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Wegaveeachbarrow-manabrandedT-shirttoshowtheybelongedtoagoodbrand.Wealsoheldsmallclassesforthemtoeducatethemonhowtomaketheirbarrowsbettertransportersandhowtobeextrapolitetopeoplesoastobuildupagoodfame.Wemarketedthemaspoliteandexcellentpusherstoattractmorecustomers.Thesemethodsworked.Theystartedgettingmorejobsandearnedmore.Andanumberofthemevensavedupenoughtostartbusinessesoftheirown.”(我們給每個車夫一件印有品牌的t恤，以表明他們屬于一個好品牌。我們還為他們舉辦小班，教育他們?nèi)绾问棺约旱氖滞栖嚦蔀楦玫倪\(yùn)輸工具，如何對人有禮貌，從而建立良好的聲譽(yù)。我們把他們推銷成有禮貌、優(yōu)秀的推銷員，以吸引更多的顧客。這些方法奏效了。他們開始得到更多的工作，掙得更多。他們中的一些人甚至存了足夠的錢創(chuàng)辦自己的企業(yè)。)可知，作者和朋友通過培訓(xùn)和教育重塑了車夫們的形象以后，使許多人成為了專業(yè)人士。故選D項(xiàng)。CWeknowthatourpetdogsandcatscanrecognizeourfaces,butourpetfish?AteamofscientistsfromtheUKandAustraliahavediscoveredthatarcherfish(噴水魚)candistinguishhumanfaces!Thismarksthefirsttimethataspeciesoffishhasshownsuchanability.Suchabilitieshavebeenpreviouslyshowninbirds,butunlikefish,theyhavebeenproventopossessstructuressimilartotheneocortex(大腦新皮層),theresearchersadded.“Beingabletodistinguishbetweenalargenumberofhumanfacesisasurprisinglydifficulttask,”Dr.Newportsaid,“mainlyduetothefactthatallhumanfacessharethesamebasicfeatures.”Duringtheirexperiments,Dr.Newportandhercolleaguespresentedarcherfishwithtwoimagesofhumanfaces,andtrainedthemtochooseonebyspittingjets(噴射流)ofwateratthatpicture.Next,thefishwerepresentedwiththefamiliarfaceandseveralthatwereunfamiliar,andwereabletocorrectlypicktheonethattheyhadbeentrainedtorecognize,evenwhenfeaturessuchasheadshapeandcolorwereremovedfromtheselectedpictures.Inthefirstexperiment,thearcherfishweretaskedwithpickingthepreviouslylearnedfacefromagroupof44newones,whichtheydidwith81percentaccuracy.Inthesecond,theresearchersdecidedtomakethingsalittleharder.Theytookthepicturesandmadethemblackandwhiteandevenedout(使平均)theheadshapes.Youwouldthinkthatwouldthrowthefishforaloop.Butno,theywereabletopickthefamiliarfaceeventhen-andwithmoreaccuracy:86%!“Fishhaveasimplerbrainthanhumansandentirelylackthesectionofthebrainthathumansuseforrecognizingfaces.Despitethis,fishmaystillbecapableoffindingthefacetheyaretrainedtorecognize,”Dr.Newportsaid,“Thefactthatarcherfishcanlearnthistasksuggeststhatcomplicatedbrainsarenotnecessarilyneededtorecognizehumanfaces.”42.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”inParagraph2referto?A.Species. B.Birds. C.Fish. D.Abilities.43.Theresearchshowsthat______.A.archerfishareclevererthanotherfishesB.allfishescanbetrainedtorecognizehumanfacesC.complexbrainsarenotnecessaryforfacialrecognitionD.itisverydifficultforanimalstorecognizehumanfaces44.Wecaninferfromthetextthat______.A.archerfishhaveagoodmemoryB.theneocortexislinkedwithvisualabilityC.archerfishcanonlyrecognizehumanfacesD.People’ssimilarphysicalappearancelimitsarcherfish’sfacialrecognition45.Thetextislikelytoappearin______.A.abiologytextbook B.amedicalreportC.asciencefiction D.asciencemagazine【答案】42.B43.C44.B45.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)噴水魚能夠區(qū)分人類面孔。【42題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線單詞上一句“Suchabilitieshavebeenpreviouslyshowninbirds.butunlikefish(這種能力以前在鳥類身上也有表現(xiàn)。但是，和魚類不同的是……)”可推測，they指的應(yīng)該是上文提到的鳥類。故選B?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段Newport博士的話“Thefactthatarcherfishcanlearnthistasksuggeststhatcomplicatedbrainsarenotnecessarilyneededtorecognizehumanfaces.(噴水魚能夠?qū)W會這項(xiàng)任務(wù)的事實(shí)表明，識別人臉并不一定需要復(fù)雜的大腦。)”可知，復(fù)雜的大腦不是面部識別所必需的。故選C?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Thismarksthefirsttimethataspeciesoffishhasshownsuchanability.Suchabilitieshavebeenpreviouslyshowninbirds.butunlikefish,theyhavebeenproventopossessstructuressimilartotheneocortex(大腦新皮層),theresearchersadded.(這標(biāo)志著一種魚類首次表現(xiàn)出這種能力。這種能力以前在鳥類身上也有表現(xiàn)。但研究人員補(bǔ)充說，與魚類不同的是，它們已被證明具有類似于新皮層的結(jié)構(gòu)。)”可推測，鳥類能夠認(rèn)出人臉是因?yàn)樗鼈円驯蛔C明具有類似于新皮層的結(jié)構(gòu)，因此可推斷，大腦新皮層與視覺能力有關(guān)。故選B。45題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Weknowthatourpetdogsandcatscanrecognizeourfaces,butourpetfish?AteamofscientistsfromtheUKandAustraliahavediscoveredthatarcherfish(噴水魚)candistinguishhumanfaces!(我們知道我們的寵物狗和貓能認(rèn)出我們的臉，但我們的寵物魚呢？來自英國和澳大利亞的一組科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)，噴水魚可以分辨人臉！)”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章是一篇研究發(fā)現(xiàn)。由此可推測，這篇文章應(yīng)該來自科學(xué)雜志。故選D。Ⅴ.閱讀表達(dá)(共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分)閱讀短文，并根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問題。Whenparentstalkaboutschoolsafetythesedays,they’reusuallyreferringtotheincreaseinviolenceatschools.Butresearchshowsthatschool-agechildrenareactuallyninetimesmorelikelytosufferaninjurywhiledoingsportsthantobethevictimofviolencewhileatschool.Accidentscanbepreventedifparentsareonthelookoutforpotentialdangers.Tohelpyoukeepyourkidsfreefromharm,herearesomesafetytips:*Teachyourchildnevertotalktostrangersoracceptridesorgiftsfromstrangers.Remember,astrangerisanyoneyouoryourchilddoesn’tknowwellortrust.*Besurethatyourchildwalkstoandfromschoolwithasibling,friendorneighbor.*Teachyourkid,whetherwalking,bikingorridingabustoschool,toobeyalltrafficsignals,signsandtrafficofficers.Remindhimtobeextracarefulinbadweather.*Whendrivingyourkid,deliverandpickthemupasclosetotheschoolaspossible.Don’tleaveuntiltheyareintheschoolyardorbuilding.*Ifyourchildridesabiketoschool,makesurehewearsastandardhelmet.Researchshowsthatahelmetcanreducetheriskofheadinjuryby85%.*Teachyourkidtoarriveatthebusstopearlier,stayoffthestreet,andwaitforthebustocometoacompletestop.*Besurethatyourkidknowshisorherhomephonenumberandaddress,yourworknumber,thenumberofanothertrustedadultandhowtocallforemergencies.46.Whodoyouthinkthepassageiswrittento?(nomorethan2words)_______________________________________________________________________________________________47.Pleaseexplaintheword“potential”inEnglish.(nomorethan3words)_______________________________________________________________________________________________48.Whatisthefunctionofahelmetwhenridingabike?(nomorethan8words)_______________________________________________________________________________________________49.Whatisthemainpurposeofthispassage?(nomorethan10words)_______________________________________________________________________________________________50.Whichtipdoyouthinkisthemostimportantforyou?Andwhy?(nomorethan20words)_______________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】46.Parents.47.existinginpossibility.48.Toreducetheriskofheadinjury.49.Tohelptheparents’keeptheirkidsfreefromharm.50.Thefirstone.Becausethekidsneedtobealerttostrangers.【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一些安全建議，以幫助家長確保孩子在學(xué)校安全。【46題詳解】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文章第一段“Tohelpyoukeepyourkidsfreefromharm,herearesomesafetytips(為了幫助你的孩子免受傷害，這里有一些安全提示)”可推測，這篇文章是寫給父母的，以幫助父母確保孩子的安全。故答案為Parents.【47題詳解】考查詞句猜測。根據(jù)劃線單詞上一句“Accidentscanbeprevented(事故是可以預(yù)防的)”可推測，劃線單詞指的是“潛在的”問題。故答案為existinginpossibility.【48題詳解】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第三段“Ifyourchildridesabiketoschool,makesurehewearsastandardhelmet.Researchshowsthatahelmetcanreducetheriskofheadinjury