Unit4NaturalDisastersListeningandTalkingReadingforWriting重點單詞短語句型課件高中英語人教版

ListeningandTalking，ReadingforWriting單詞短語句型總結UNIT4

NATURALDISASTERSⅠ．重點單詞1．_________vi.&

vt.(火山)爆發(fā)；(巖漿、煙等)噴出→____________n．爆發(fā)；噴出2．__________n.供應(量)；補給；[pl.]補給品

vt.供應；供給→____________n．供應商3．___________vi.生存；存活

vt.幸存；艱難度過→____________n.幸存者→____________n.幸存；殘存；殘存物erupt

eruption

supply

supplier

survive

survivor

survival

4．_________n.電力供應；能量；力量；控制力→____________adj.強大的；猛烈的；有勢力的5．_______vi.&

vt.輕叩；輕敲；輕拍

n．水龍頭；輕叩；輕敲6．________n.管子；管道7．_____________n.突發(fā)事件；緊急情況8．________adj.鎮(zhèn)靜的；沉著的

vt.使平靜；使鎮(zhèn)靜→__________adv.鎮(zhèn)靜地；沉著地9．_______n.援助；幫助；救援物資

vi.&

vt.(formal)幫助；援助power

powerful

tap

pipe

emergency

calm

calmly

aid

10．_______n.成套工具；成套設備11．_________vt.&

vi.碰撞；撞擊

n．撞車；碰撞12．_________vt.&

vi.(swept，swept)打掃；清掃13．________n.海浪；波浪

vi.&

vt.揮手；招手14．__________vt.&

vi.(struck，struck/stricken)侵襲；突擊；擊打

n．罷工；罷課；襲擊→___________n.罷工者；前鋒；射手kit

crash

sweep

wave

strike

striker

15．___________vt.&

vi.遞送；傳達

vt.發(fā)表→____________n.發(fā)表；遞送16．___________n.總結；概括；概要17．__________n.影響；結果；效果→_____________adj.有效的；實際的18．__________n.長；長度→________adj.長的；長久的deliver

delivery

summary

effect

effective

length

long

Ⅱ．重點短語1．wake______喚醒；叫醒2．put______搭起；張貼3．______theopenair露天；在戶外4．______hand現有(尤指幫助)；臨近；在手邊5．more________超過；多于

up

up

in

on

than

6．sweep________消滅；徹底消除7．stand______達到特定水平(或數量、高度等)8．asmany______多達；……之多9．payattention______注意10．carry_______執(zhí)行；實施away

at

as

to

out

Ⅲ．重點句型1．Themostpowerfulearthquakeinthepast40yearscausedatsunamithatcrashedintocoastlinesacrossAsiayesterday，___________morethan6,500peopleinIndonesia，India，Thailand，Malaysia，andatleastfourothercountries.昨天，過去40年來最強烈的地震引發(fā)的海嘯襲擊了亞洲的海岸線，造成印度尼西亞、印度、泰國、馬來西亞以及至少四個其他國家6500多人死亡。killing

2．Fishermen，tourists，hotels，homes，andcarsweresweptawaybyhugewaves__________bythestrongearthquake________reachedamagnitudeof9.0.漁民、游客、旅館、住宅和汽車都被這場達到9.0級的強震引發(fā)的巨浪卷走了。3．I_____________breakfastwithmythreechildren________waterstartedfillingmyhome.我正和我的三個孩子吃早飯，突然海水沖入了我家。caused

that

washaving

when

Thevillagetribeisfriendlyandtheysharetheirwatersupplywithyou.村里的部落很友善，他們會和你一起分享水源。Wewillsupplyyouwiththecropyourequire.我們會向你們提供所需的農作物。重點單詞1．supplyn.

供應(量)；補給；[pl.]補給品

vt.供應；供給Thereisagoodsupplyofbooksinthecupboard.櫥柜里有許多書。Nowwesupplypowertonine－tenthsofthecity’shomes.現在我們向這個城市十分之九的家庭提供電力。不同的“提供”，不同的介詞supplysupplysb.withsth./supplysth.tosb.provideprovidesb.withsth./providesth.forsb.offeroffersb.sth./offersth.tosb.with

a

supply/offer

to

supply/provide

with

offer

Shesurvivedherhusbandbytwentyyears.她丈夫去世后她又活了二十年。Onlytwopassengerssurvivedtheaircrash.這次飛機失事只有兩名乘客幸免于難。Manystrangecustomshavesurvivedfromearliertimes.有許多奇怪的習俗是從早年留存下來的。2．survivevi.生存；存活

vt.幸存；艱難渡過；比某人長壽survivesth.幸免于；從……中挺過來/活過來AsurviveB(by...)A比B活得長……surviveon依靠……生存下來survivefrom...從……存活下來；流傳下來survivorn．幸存者survivaln．[U]幸存；[C]殘存物單句語法填空①Theoldladyhassurvivedallhersistersandbrothers______tenyears.②Idon’tknowhowyouallmanagetosurvive______suchlittlemoney.③Afterhe____________theearthquake,theoldmanbecameoneofthefew_____________ofthefamily.(survive)by

on

survived

survivors

Thepowerofthegovernmentshasincreasedgreatlyoverthepastcentury.近一個世紀以來，政府的權力大大增強了。Heturnedonthepowerandthemachineworked.他打開電源，機器就工作了。Itwasastormthatcutoffpowertothewholeregion.一場暴雨切斷了整個地區(qū)的電力供應。3．powern．電力供應；能量；力量；控制力power，strength，force這三個名詞都有“力量”的意思，但使用范圍不完全相同。power“力量”，含義最廣，指政治力量或能力；strength指某人或某物所具有的內在力量，可指體力、力氣；force也可指物質或精神力量。多指為做成某事而使用的力量，也可指武力。Knowledgeispower.知識就是力量。Theboygatheredhisstrengthtogetup.那個男孩聚集力量站了起來。Thereleaseofhostagescouldnotbeachievedwithouttheuseofforce.不使用武力不可能解救人質。powerful

powerless

in

todeal

into

Itookadeepbreathtocalmmyselfdown.我深吸一口氣使自己平靜下來。Afterthestorm,itbecamecalmagain.暴風雨過后，天氣又恢復了平靜。4．calmadj.鎮(zhèn)靜的；平靜的；沉著的

vt.使平靜；使鎮(zhèn)靜calm(...)down(使……)平靜下來；(使……)鎮(zhèn)定下來keep/stay/becalm保持鎮(zhèn)靜calmlyadv.平靜地calm，silent,quiet,stillcalm“平靜的；沉著的”，指無風浪或人的心情不激動silent“寂靜的；沉默的；不出聲的”，指沒有聲音或不講話quiet“寧靜的；安靜的”，指無聲、不吵鬧或心里無煩惱still“靜止的；不動的”，指沒有動作或運動的狀態(tài)Whenfacingdanger,oneshouldkeepcalm;whentakenphotosof,oneshouldkeepstill;whensomeoneelseisasleep,oneshouldkeepquiet;inclass,oneshouldn’tkeepsilentabouttheteacher’squestions.一個人面對危險時，應該保持鎮(zhèn)靜；照相時，應該保持不動；他人睡覺時，應保持安靜；在課堂上，對老師的問題不應保持沉默。down

calmly

quiet

silent

calm

still

Amanimmediatelyrushedtothegirltogiveherfirstaidwithouthesitation.一位男士毫不猶豫地沖過去對那女孩進行急救。Icouldn’tspeakanyFrench,butanicemancametomyaidandtoldmehowtogo.我不會說法語，但是一位好心的男士來幫助我并告訴我怎么走。5．aidn．援助；幫助；救援物資

vi.&vt.(formal)幫助；援助Wemaytravelwiththeaidofagoodmap.我們可以靠著好的地圖旅行。Hewasdeterminedtoaidthepoorboyincontinuinghisstudy.他決定要幫助這個可憐的男孩繼續(xù)他的學業(yè)。Hermotheraidedhertodress.她母親幫她穿衣服。單句語法填空①________theaidofourEnglishteacher,wehavemadegreatprogressthisterm.②Tom’suncleaidedhim______gettinganewjob.③Adictionarycanaidhim___________(learn)Englishwell.④Theyaidedthepoor________foodandclothes.With

in

tolearn

with

Atruckwentoutofcontrolandcrashedintothebackofabus.貨車失控撞到了一輛公共汽車的尾部。Shestormedoutoftheroomandcrashedthedoorshutbehindher.她憤怒地沖出房間并隨手把門砰的一聲關上。Sixpeoplewerekilledyesterdayinthecarcrash.昨天的車禍中6人死亡。6．crashvt.&vi.碰撞；撞擊；墜毀

n．撞車；碰撞crash(...)into...(把……)與……相撞；撞上……crashdown倒下；撞毀；墜毀；崩潰carcrash撞車planecrash飛機失事完成句子①Hiscar_______________atreewhilehewasdrivinginthesnowstorm.當他在暴風雪中開車時，他的車撞到了樹上。②Anaircraft_______________yesterdayonthemountainsnearthecity.昨天一架飛機在城市附近的山上墜毀了。crashedinto

crasheddown

Theyaskedthelittleboytosweeptheroomclean.他們叫那個小男孩把房間打掃干凈。Heavyfloodssweptawayhousesandtookawaythelivesofmany.猛烈的洪水沖走了房屋并帶走了許多人的生命。Thepoorwomenoftheareawereemployedtosweepupafterofficehours.該地區(qū)的貧苦婦女們被雇來每天下班后打掃衛(wèi)生。7．sweepvt.&vi.(swept，swept)打掃；清掃sweepaway消滅；徹底消除sweepover涌上心頭；掃視sweepup清掃單句語法填空①Wewouldliketobeabletosweep________thoseharmfulrumors(謠言)．②Let’spileupthefallenleavesinthecornerandsweep______thefloor.③Hiseyesswept________thefieldsandsawadaminthedistance.away

up

over

Thethirdwavewassostrongthatitknockedmebackwards.第三次波浪太大了，把我打了回去。Themotherwavedtohersontillthebuswasoutofsight.那位媽媽一直向她兒子揮手，直到看不到公共汽車為止。Theywavedtoustostaywherewewere.他們向我們揮手，要我們留在原地。MymotherwascryingasIwavedgoodbyetoher.當我揮手跟母親說再見時，她哭了。8．waven．海浪；波浪

vi.&vt.揮手；招手radiowaves無線電波givesb.awave向某人揮手awaveof...一陣……waveto/at...向……招手wave(to)sb.todosth.揮手示意某人做某事wavesb.goodbye＝wavegoodbyetosb.向某人揮手告別單句語法填空①Theylookedveryhappywhenshewaved________them.②_____waveofhappinessfloodedme.③Iwavedtohim__________(keep)away,buthecontinuedtoadvance.④Iwavedgoodbye______him,butheignored.to/at

A

tokeep

to

Theworkerswerestriking/onstrikebecausetheywantedmoremoney.工人們在罷工，因為他們要求漲工資。Whentheclockstruckfive，thestrikestarted.當鐘敲響了五點，罷工開始了。9．strikevt.&vi.(struck,struck/stricken)侵襲；突擊；擊打；罷工

n．罷工；罷課；襲擊Itstrikesmethatnoneofthemtrustseachother.使我震驚的是他們當中沒有一個人信賴對方。Greatdamagehasbeencausedbythetornadowhichstruckthearealastweek.上周侵襲這一地區(qū)的龍卷風造成了巨大的損失。Itstrikes/strucksb.that...(某人)突然想到……bestruckby...被……打動/迷住了oone’sheart使……刻骨銘心strikesb.＋介詞in/on＋the＋身體部位打某人的某處beonstrike在罷工goonstrike舉行罷工strikern．罷工者；前鋒；射手單句語法填空①Thecoalminersdecidedtogo______strikeforbetterworkingconditions.②Itstruckme________everyonewasunusuallysilent.③Iwasstricken______hisinspiringwords.④Anapplefelloffthetreeandstruckhimon_______head.⑤Suddenly,agoodidea__________(strike)melastnight.on

that

by

the

struck

完成句子⑥__________________________youhadknownallthetime.我突然想到你早就知道了。Itsuddenlystruckmethat

Wouldyoudelivermymessagetoyourmother?你可以幫我傳口信給你母親嗎？Hedeliveredanimportantreportatthemeeting.他在會上做了重要報告。10．delivervt.&vi.遞送；傳達；助產；接生

vt.發(fā)表；生產；給……接生deliversth.(tosb.)投遞/傳送某物(給某人)deliveraspeech發(fā)表演說deliverababy接生deliversb./sth.overtosb.把某人/物移交給某人deliveryn．傳遞；交付；遞送；分娩；演講拒絕雙賓語的deliverdeliver后不接雙賓語，即不能說deliversb.sth.，只能說deliversth.tosb.。單句語法填空①Hedeliveredmymessage______hisbrother.寫出黑體部分的含義②Shehadgonetoaneighbouringvillagetodeliverababy.________③Johnwasaskedtodeliveraspeechatthemeeting.________④Themorningmailhasalreadybeendelivered.________to

接生發(fā)表遞送Therainhashadaverybadeffectonthecrops.這場雨極其嚴重地影響了莊稼的生長。Thenewsystemwillsoonbeputintoeffect.新系統(tǒng)即將啟用。11．effectn．影響；結果；效果Thetrafficlawswon’ttakeeffectuntiltheendoftheyear.交通法要到年底才生效。Doyouknowifthesleepingpillhasitssideeffect?你知道安眠藥是否有副作用嗎？into

on

in

effective

完成句子⑤Thenewlawhas___________________________________anditwillsurely______________________thedailylifeofthepeople.新法律已經生效，它一定會對人們的日常生活產生很大的影響。haveagreateffecton

Ourteamofexpertswillbeonhandtoofferhelpandadvicebetween12noonand7p．m.daily.每天中午12點到下午7點，我們的專家小組將隨時提供幫助和建議。Therewassimplynocashonhandtomeetthecostoffood.手頭實在沒有現金可以購買食品。Wehavenobodyonhandtorepairyourcar.我們現在沒有人能修你的車。重點短語1．onhand現有(尤指幫助)；臨近；在手邊byhand用手；靠人工handinhand手拉手；連在一起地ontheonehand...ontheotherhand一方面……另一方面givesb.ahand幫某人一個忙單句語法填空①WhenIwasintroubletheygaveme_____hand.②Shoeswereoncemade______hand,butnowtheyaremadeonmachines.③Thelittleboywalkshand______handwithhismother.④Hehastoomuchwork______handtogopicnickingwithus.⑤On_______otherhand,studentsshouldcorrecttheirmistakes.a

by

in

on

the

Shepaidmuchattentiontoherappearance.她很注重外表。Everyoneshouldpayattentiontokeepinghealthy.每個人都應注意保持健康。2．payattentionto注意drawone’sattentionto...吸引某人注意……fixone’sattentionto注意concentrateon...集中注意力于……以上短語中的to、on都是介詞，其后接名詞、代詞或動名詞。單句語法填空①Agreatdealofattentionhasbeenpaid________________(protect)theenvironment.②Weshouldpaymoreattentionto_____________(improve)ourwrittenandspokenEnglish.toprotecting

improving

3．carryout執(zhí)行；實施；實現；完成Allofushavecertaindutiesandjobstocarryout.我們所有的人都要完成一定的職責和工作。Weshouldcarryoutthedecisionsandcheckupontheresults.我們應執(zhí)行決議并檢查執(zhí)行結果。carryoff奪走carryon繼續(xù)carrythrough把……進行到底單句語法填空①Somepolicies(政策)can’t_____________(carry)outbecauseofsomereasons.②Theteamhopestocarry_______thatstudythisyear.becarried

out

重點句型1．Themostpowerfulearthquakeinthepast40yearscausedatsunamithatcrashedintocoastlinesacrossAsiayesterday，killingmorethan6,500peopleinIndonesia，India，Thailand，Malaysia，andatleastfourothercountries.昨天，過去40年來最強烈的地震引發(fā)的海嘯襲擊了亞洲的海岸線，造成印度尼西亞、印度、泰國、馬來西亞以及至少四個其他國家6500多人死亡。(1)這是一個主從復合句。主句是Themostpowerfulearthquakeinthepast40yearscausedatsunami；thatcrashedintocoastlinesacrossAsiayesterday是定語從句，修飾前面的先行詞atsunami，關系代詞that在定語從句中作主語；killingmorethan...fourothercountries是現在分詞短語在句中作結果狀語。(2)現在分詞短語作結果狀語時表示自然而然的結果，它常常位于句末，可以擴展為一個含有并列謂語的簡單句。Hisfatherdied，leavinghimalotofmoney(＝andlefthimalotofmoney)．他的爸爸去世了，留給他很多錢。Theircarwascaughtinatrafficjam，thuscausingthedelay(＝andthusitcausedthedelay)．他們的車困在了交通阻塞中，因而耽誤了?，F在分詞的邏輯主語和句子的主語應保持一致。聽到這個消息，他臉紅了。(正)Hearingthenews，heturnedred.(誤)Hearingthenews，hisfaceturnedred.(hisface不能發(fā)出hearing這個動作)不定式作結果狀語時常表示出乎意料的結果，且其前可加only表示強調。Wehurriedtothestation，onlytofindthatthetrainhadleft.我們匆匆忙忙地趕去車站，結果發(fā)現火車已經走了。todrop

preventing

making

tobetold

making

(1)這是一個主從復合句。主句是Fishermen，tourists，hotels，homes，andcarsweresweptawaybyhugewaves；causedbythestrongearthquake是過去分詞短語作后置定語，修飾前面的名詞hugewaves，相當于定語從句that/whichwerecausedbythestrongearthquake；thatreachedamagnitudeof9.0是that引導的定語從句，修飾先行詞earthquake，關系代詞that在定語從句中作主語。2．Fishermen，tourists，hotels，homes，andcarsweresweptawaybyhugewavescausedbythestrongearthquakethatreachedamagnitudeof9.0.漁民、游客、旅館、住宅和汽車都被這場達到9.0級的強震引發(fā)的巨浪卷走了。單句語法填空①Youcannotacceptanopin