河北省邯鄲市部分學(xué)校2022-2023學(xué)年高三年級上冊開學(xué)考試英語試題

河北省邯鄲市部分學(xué)校2022-2023學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期開學(xué)考試

英語試題

學(xué)校:姓名：班級：考號：

一、閱讀理解

SinceChinalauncheditsfirstlunarspacecraftin2007,thenationhasachieved

somethingnobodyhasmanagedtodobefore.HereisabriefhistoryofChineselunar

missions.

Chang,e1

ItwaslaunchedinOctober2007ona16-monthmissiontomapthemoonfromtheorbit.

Havingstudiedthelunarsurfaceandthesurroundingenvironmentthere,thespacecraft

crashedontothemoononMarch2,2009.

Chang,e2

LaunchedonOctober1,2010,Chang,e2returnedamoredetailedmapofthemoon,s

entiresurfaceandtookclose-upimagesoftheBayofRainbows,wheremissionplannersat

thetimesuggestedtheymightputdownthecountry,sfirstlander.Itleftthemoon,sorbitin

April2012toflybyanothersmallplanetcalled4179Toutatis,whichitreachedinDecember

2012.

Chang,e3

Chang,e3ismostfamousforlandingitsrover,Yutu,onthemoon——thefirstonesince

1976.AfterheadingouttothesurfaceonDecember14,2013,Yututookmanyamazing

picturesthatweresentbacktotheearth.In2015,itevendiscoveredanewkindofrock.

Chang,e4

WhenChang,e4madeasafetouchdownonthefarsideofthemoononJanuary2,2019,

itmadehistorysinceitwasthefirsttimethataroverhaslandedthere.Thefarsideisamore

challengingenvironmentingeneralthanthenearside.

Chang,e5

TheChang,e5spacecraft,whichwaslaunchedonNovember24,2020,returnedtothe

earthonDecember16,2020,carryingaround2kilogramsofrocksandsoilsfromthe

northernpartofthemoon.Thelunarsamplewillhelpscientistsfillinagapinknowledge

aboutthehistoryofthemoonbetweenroughlyonebillionandthreebillionyearsago.

1.Whichspacecrafthasexploredtwoplanets?

A.Chang,e1.B.Chang,e2.C.Chang,e3.D.Chang,e4.

2.WhendidChang,e3landonthemoon?

A.OnMarch2,2009.B.OnOctober1,2010.

C.OnDecember14,2013.D.OnJanuary2,2019.

3.Whatisuniqueaboutthelastmission?

A.Itjustcircledaroundthemoon.B.Itreachedthefarsideofthemoon.

C.Itcrashedontothemoononpurpose.D.Itbroughtlunarsampletotheearth.

InNovember,FocusFeatureswillreleaseanewmovie,TheTheoryofEverything,which

describeswhathappenedtothefamousphysicistStephenHawking.

ThemovieisbasedonabookbyJaneHawking,Stephen,sfirstwife.Whentheymetin

theearly1960s,JanewasstudyingliteratureandgotaPh.DinSpanishpoetry,whileStephen

wasjust21,lookingforaninterestingphysicsproblemtoexplore.

Notlongaftertheybegandating,hedevelopedbalanceproblems,thenspeechissues.He

wastoldthathehadALS,adiseasethatwouldkillhimintwoyears.Jane,sfriendswarned

hernottostickwithaboywithsolittletimeaheadofhim.ButheandJanedidn,tquiteach

other.Instead,theywillfullypushedon.Itwasn,tliketheydidn,tbelievethediagnosis（診斷）.

Theydid.Theyjustignoredit.

“Wedidnotwanttothinkaboutthat,“shewrote.??Also,wehadthisverystrongsenseat

thetimethatourgenerationlivedanywayunderthismostawfulnuclearcloud-thatwitha

four-minutewarningtheworlditselfcouldlikelyend.Thatmadeusfeelthatweshouldmake

themostofwhatevergiftsthatweregiventous.”

Theyhadonechild.Thenanother.He,meanwhile,keptlosingground.Heneededhelp

withdressing,thenwashing,theneating.Shetriedtokeepup.

“Ihadtwobabies.IwasrunningthehomeandlookingafterStephenalone.Oneofthe

greatestbattleswasgettingStephentouseawheelchair,,,shecontinued.?tΓdbegoingout

withanadultononearm,carryinganewly-bornbabyintheother,withanolderbaby

strugglinga?ongside.,,

AsStephenHawkingbecamemorecelebratedanddependent,Janehadathirdchildand

hehadtoallowotherstohelphim.Buthefellinlovewithanurseandlefthiswife.

Hmmm,Iwonderhowtheyaregoingtohandlethisone.Ifsamessystory.

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4.WhatwasJane,sfriends,attitudetoherdatingwithHawking?

A.Disapproving.B.Unconcerned.C.Supportive.D.Optimistic.

5.WhydidJanerefusetobreakupwithherboyfriend?

A.Hewasaveryfamousandrichman.

B.Theysharedsimilarresearchinterest.

C.Theydidnotbelievethediagnosis.

D.Sheacceptedtheuncertaintyoflife.

6.WhatdidJanemostprobablythinkofherhusband?

A.Grateful.B.Stubborn.C.Reasonable.D.Reliable.

7.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"they”inthelastparagraphreferto?

A.TheHawkings.B.Thenurses.C.FocusFeatures.D.Lovestories.

Onceuponatime,therewasabeautifulmilkmaid.Oneday,shedeclaredtoa

13-year-oldboy,44IshallneverhaveanuglyfacebecauseIhavealreadyhadcowpox（牛痘）.“

TheboywasEdwardJenner,whowouldonedaybefamousfordevelopingtheworld,s

firstvaccine（疫苗），whichwouldeventuallyridtheearthofsmallpox（天花）.Andthestory

ofhisinspirationfordevelopingthevaccinefirstappearedinan1837biographyandwas

repeatedendlesslyovertheyears.

ButwasthemilkmaidreallyJenner,smuse?

Perhapsnot,becausethereisanotherstoryline,backedbyletters,diariesandresearch

notesthatDr.ArthurBoylstonuncoveredinthecourseofhisresearch.Instead,itinvolvesa

countrydoctornamedJohnFewster.

Likeotherdoctorsofthetime,Fewsterusedsmallpoxvirustoprotectpeoplefrom

smallpox.In1768,hetreatedagroupoffarmersinThombury.Butsomethingunusual

happened:Allofthemdidn,trespondtothesmallpoxvirusatall.Fewsterinquiredfurther

andfoundthatallthefarmersneverhadsmallpoxbutdidpreviouslyhavecowpox.

Today,Fewster,sdiscoverywouldhaveledtoalargerstudyandpublicationofresults.

Butthatwasn,tthewaymedicineworkedinthe18thcentury.??Inthosedays,therewereno

medicaljournals,vsaysBoylston.44Doctorscommunicatedbyhavinglittledinnerpartiesand

drinkingthemselvessi?ly.^^

OnesuchmeetingtookplaceataninncalledTheShip.Fewsterpresentedhisdiscovery

atthemeeting.RecordsshowthatJennerlateralsobecameamemberofthemedicalsociety

andwasknownforhisenthusiasmaboutthetopicinthemembers,debates.

Sohowdidthemilkmaidmyth（神話）getstarted?

Atthetime,thefirstandonlymentionofthemilkmaidstorywasbyJenner,sfriendand

firstbiographer,JohnBaron,severalyearsafterJenner,sdeath.AccordingtoBoylston,s

research,otherdoctorswerethencriticizingJenner,questioninghowhehadevermadethe

connectionbetweencowpoxandsmallpoximmunity.

ttJennerhimselfneverexplainedhowhedevelopedthetheory,“Boylstonsays."To

protecthisfriend,thebiographerprobablymadeupthemilkmaidstoryasawaytoshowhow

Jennerhadcomeacrosstheideaofacowpox-smallpoxconnection.^^

8.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“muse"inparagraph3?

A.Admirer.B.Inspiration.C.Teacher.D.Secret.

9.FromwhomdidEdwardJennermostprobablyIearnthecowpox-smallpoxtheory?

A.Amilkmaid.B.Awriter.C.Areporter.D.Acountry

doctor.

10.WhydidJenner,sfirstbiographermentionthemilkmaid?

A.Toprotecthisfriend.B.Topopularizescience.

C.Tocompletethetest.D.Topromotehisownbook.

11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Thecowpox-smallpoxconnection.B.Theeffectivetreatmentforsmallpox.

C.Themythoftheworld,sfirstvaccine.D.Thedevelopmentofsmallpoxvaccine.

Catalonia,aregioninnortheasternSpain,isknownforitsarchitecture,sea-sidemarkets

andwhitechampagne.Ithasitsownlanguageandevenaregionalflag.Butthemostdramatic

displayofCatalonianculturecomesfromthetraditionofbuildingcastells,orhuman

pyramids.Firstdocumentedin1801asaculturalactivity,castellbuildingwasdeclaredan

IntangibleCulturalHeritageOfHumanitybyUNESCOin2010.

InCatalonia,mosttownshaveacastellbuildinggroupwithhundredsofmembers.

Anyoneisallowedtojoin,andfamiliesoftenparticipatetogether.Anofficialorganization

keepsarecordofthepointsawardedateachcompetitionandthenranksthegroups.Points

aregivenbasedonthedifficultyofthepyramid,sstructureandheight.Foralongtime,seven

levelswasthetallestthathadbeenachieved,butlatelypyramidshavebeenbuiltashighas

ten.

試卷第4頁，共10頁

Basicpyramidscontainfivemainlevels.Thefirstleveliscalledthepinya,followedby

thefolre,themanilles,thetronk,andthepomdeda?t.Thetronkistheverticalstructureinthe

centerofthepyramidthatholdsthemostweight.Thestrongestmenmakeupthetronk,

followedbystrongbutlightwomen.Asmallchildknownastheenxanetaclimbstothepom

dedalt.Theenxanetaisusuallybetween7and10yearsoldandmustbelightandfearless.

“Astheenxanetabeginstoclimb,silencefallsoverthecrowdandtheairischargedwith

bothexcitementandfear,becausenooneknowswherethepyramidisgoingtoend,^^said

GioriWorsley,whobeganstudyinghumanpyramidbuilding11yearsago.

Originallyattractedbythestructuresthemselves,GioriWorsleylaterrealizedthat

buildinghigherhumanpyramidswasnotthemostimportantthing.Themostimportantthing

wasthecloseconnectionwithintheCataloniansocietythatencouragedpeopletosupport

eachother.

“Iseeitasapoeticreflectionofthesociety,,,hesaid.??AΠtheparticipantsatthebase

holdtoeachothersotightlythatit,salmostliketheyhavebecomeone,whilethestronger

menholdtheweightoftheyoungstersandwomenontheirshoulders.”

12.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesthecastellbuildinginCatalonia?

A.Castellsarenotjustjudgedbytheirheights.

B.Seven-levelcastellsarethetallestatpresent.

C.Competitionisheldwithinthesamegroup.

D.Womenandkidsarenotallowedtoparticipate.

13.Whowillbemoresuitabletomakeupthetronk?

A.Bravegirls.B.Strongmen.C.Fearlessboys.D.Tallwomen.

14.WhatcanWesayaboutbeinganenxaneta?

A.Well-paidandeasy.B.Challengingandsafe.

C.Difficultandboring.D.Excitinganddangerous.

15.WhatcanbeinferredabouttheCataloniansocietyfromGioriWorsley,swords?

A.Itisreallypoor.B.Itisromantic.

C.Itisveryunited.D.Itenjoysin-fights.

二、七選五

Althoughstayingfocusedcanbeachallengeinthisworld,itisstillpossible.Hereare

sometipstohelpyoufocusonthejobathandandbecomecreative.

Engageinpositivedaydreaming.Thisinvolvesfirstturningyourattentioninward.Try

travelingwithyourmindtosomeplaceenjoyable.16.Pairyourdaydreamingwith

someformoflow-keyactivitysuchaswalkingandgardening.Letyourmindwanderfor

about20minutesthiswayandwatchwhathappens.Doingthisseveraltimesadaycanoffer

yourmindafreshapproachtothejobathand.

17.Areyouapersonwhoissharp-mindedinthemorning?Orisanightowl

moreofyourstyle?Eitherway,itdoesn,tmatteraslongasyouscheduleyourmostimportant

projectsduringyourbrain,speriodsofbestperformance.18.Instead,reservethebest

timeforthebigstuff.

Tryyourhobbies.19.Itisalsoagoodwaytoinviteinnovationinwaysthat

focusingdoesn,t.Inmanycases,itcanevenhelpyoucomeupwithsolutionstoproblems

you,refacingatworkorhome.

Tumofftextmessagingandsocialmedia.Prettybasic?Sure,butvital.Itallowsusa

deepdiveintofocus.Itletsourbrainsgetachancetocompletefullsentencesofthought.It

helpsustoresetandthinkaboutwhat,sreallyimportant.20.

A.Makefriendswithyourbodyclock

B.Doingsowillhelpmakebetterdecisions

C.Focusingyourmindiskeytoimprovingyourfocus

D.Doingthingsyouareinterestedincanhelpyourmindrelax

E.Avoidspendingyourbestbrainhoursdoingunimportantthings

F.Mostimportantofall,itremindsusthere,saworldoutsideourscreens

G.Maybeit,sawalkthroughanimaginaryforestorsunbathingonawarmbeach

三、完形填空

Itwastheworstdayever.TheexactdatewasMarch19,2020.1,llnever21it.

Thedaybeganasusual.ThenIheardAlan,s22speakingonthephone,

??Thanksforeverythingyouhavedoneformycompany.^^

Myfearwasconfirmedmomentslater.Alanwas23.Ihuggedmyhusbandas

myheartsank.

“We'llbefine,“hesaid.

試卷第6頁，共10頁

“Iknow,^^Iresponded.

But,24,neitherofussoundedveryconvincing.

Afewhourslater,Ireceivedacallfromthe25.Ihadbeennoticingsomething

strangeinmyneckandunderarms,andmydoctorhadbeenperformingteststo26

thecause.

“YouhaveCanCerJhesaid.

IthoughtImusthavemisheard.Thedoctorrepeatedthoseterriblewords.Itwas

27:Cancerwasinmybody.Hewentondiscussingfuturetreatments,28I

wasn,treallylisteninganymore.I29chemicaltreatments,andsomethingworse.

Alantookmeintohisarms,andI30asheheldmetight.

“Somedayinthefuture,we,regoingtocelebratethisdate,“hewhisperedinmyear.

Astimedraggedon,our31washigh.ButWekeptourheadsupandalways

lookedforward.Iteventuallypaidoff.Withinseveralmonths,Alanfoundanewjob,with

excellentpay.Icompletedmy32,andtheresultsweremorethan33.

Astheoneyear34approached,WewenttoLasVegasthatveryafternoonand

spentthedayofMarch19,2021,celebratingour35.

21.A.acceptB.forgetC.appreciateD.make

22.A.brotherB.doctorC.bossD.friend

23.A.firedB.promotedC.praisedD.injured

24.A.fortunatelyB.publiclyC.usuallyD.frankly

25.A.schoolB.companyC.hospitalD.factory

26.A.coverupB.figureoutC.focusonD.talkabout

27.A.trueB.mistakenC.expensiveD.safe

28.A.becauseB.orC.ifD.but

29.A.lovedB.receivedC.imaginedD.missed

30.A.criedB.complainedC.laughedD.refused

31.A.incomeB.anxietyC-standardD.expectation

32.A.bookB.trainingC.preparationsD.treatments

33.A.encouragingB.frighteningC.confusingD.interesting

34.A.deadlineB.anniversaryC.contractD.sentence

35.A.weddingB.birthdayC.survivalD.freedom

四、用單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成短文

閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

Selectedfrommorethan1.86millionpreciousitemsfromthePalaceMuseuminBeijing,

36totalof914artworksandculturalrelics(文物)willbedisplayedonJuly2atthe

HongKongPalaceMuseum37(celebrate)the25thanniversaryofthecity,sreturn

toChina.Amongtherelics,manywillbeexhibitedforthefirsttimeinHongKong.Among

them,166culturalrelics38(recognize)asnationaltreasures,accounting39

18percentofallitemsondisplay.

Theborrowedrelics,40willbedisplayedacrossninehallsinthemuseum,

coverawiderangeofartfrompaintings,drawings,sculptures,ancientbookstoarchitectural

worksthatshowChina,s5,000yearsofhistory.

LouisNgChi-wa,directoroftheHongKongPalaceMuseum,toldmediathathehas

highexpectationsfortheopeningofthemuseum.

“EachobjectondisplayattheHongKongPalaceMuseumhas41(it)unique

historical,cultural,artisticor42(science)significance,,,hesaid."Theopeningin

JulywillbeagreatopportunitytopresentthesetreasurestobothChineseandforeign43

(visitor)andsharetheinterestingstoriesbehindthemwiththepublic.”

Inadditionto44(display)culturalrelics,theHongKongPalaceMuseumwill

alsofocuson45(educate)byhostingmoviescreenings,artworkshopsandteacher

training.

五、其他應(yīng)用文

46.塑料袋的廣泛使用給人們的生活帶來諸多便利的同時也造成了嚴(yán)重的環(huán)境污染。請

你代表學(xué)生會為校報“英語專欄”寫一份關(guān)于減少塑料袋使用的倡議書，內(nèi)容包括：

L“白色污染'’的現(xiàn)狀及危害；

2.發(fā)出倡議。

注意：

1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；

2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

試卷第8頁，共10頁

六、讀后續(xù)寫

47.閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

Whenmyfatherdoesn,tanswerthephone,Idon,tthinkanythingofit.He,s75yearsold

anddoesn,talwayswanttotalk.

ThiswaswhatItoldmyselfwhenIcalledh