涿州市高考英語閱讀理解、短文改錯(cuò)系列訓(xùn)練（8）及答案

學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精涿州市2014高考英語閱讀理解、短文改錯(cuò)系列訓(xùn)練(8）及答案(第篇)AyearagoAugust,DaveFusslosthisjobdrivingatruckforasmallcompanyinwestMichigan。Hiswife,Gerrie，wasstillworkinginthelocalschoolcafeteria,butworkforDavewasscarce,andthepriceofeverythingwasrising。TheFusseswereatriskofjoiningthemillionsofAmericanswhohavelosttheirhomesinrecentyears。ThenDaveandGerriereceivedatimelygift—$7,000，alegacy（遺產(chǎn))fromtheirneighborsIshandArleneHatch，whodiedinanaccident?！癐treallymadeadifferencewhenweweregoingunderfinancially，”saysDave。ButtheFussesweren'ttheonlyfolksinAltoandtheneighboringtownofLowelltoreceiveunexpectedlegacyfromtheHatches。DozensofotherfamiliesweretouchedbytheHatches’generosity。Insomecases,itwasafewthousanddollars;inothers,itwasmorethan＄100,000.ItsurprisednearlyeveryonethattheHatcheshadsomuchmoney，morethan＄3million—theywereanelderlycouplewholivedinanoldhouseonwhatwasleftofthefamilyfarm.ChildrenoftheGreatDepression，IshandArlenewereknownfortheirhabitofsaving。Theythrivedon（喜歡)comparisonshoppingandwouldroutinelygofromstoretostore，checkingpricesbeforemakinganewpurchase.Throughtheyears,theHatchespaidforlocalchildrentoattendsummercampwhentheirparentscouldn’taffordit.“IshandArleneneveraskedifyouneededanything，”saystheirfriendSandyVanWeelden,“Theycouldseethingstheycoulddotomakeyouhappier,andtheywoulddothem.”EvenmoreextraordinarywasthattheHatcheshadtheirfarmlanddistributed.ItwastheHatches'wishthattheirlegacy—alegacyofkindnessasmuchasoneofdollarsandcents-shouldenrichthewholecommunity（社區(qū))andlastforgenerationstocome.Neighborshelpingneighbors—thatwasIshandArleneHatch'sstory。[語篇解讀］本文主要介紹了一對(duì)關(guān)心鄰里、無私奉獻(xiàn)的夫妻。他們把自己的財(cái)產(chǎn)留給需要的人,強(qiáng)調(diào)人人互助，世界就會(huì)更美好。1．Accordingtothetext，theFusses________。A。wereemployedbyatruckcompanyB.wereinfinancialdifficultyC。workedinaschoolcafeteriaD。losttheirhome[解析]事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。從第一段前三句話可以看出，F(xiàn)uss夫婦現(xiàn)在正處于經(jīng)濟(jì)困境中,所以B為正確答案.A、C項(xiàng)與文中有關(guān)細(xì)節(jié)不符，D項(xiàng)在文中沒有信息支持.［答案］B2．WhichofthefollowingistrueoftheHatches？A.TheyhadtheirchildrenduringtheGreatDepression.B。Theyleftthefamilyfarmtoliveinanoldhouse。C.Theygaveawaytheirpossessionstotheirneighbors.D.Theyhelpedtheirneighborstofindjobs.［解析］事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。第四段第一句話說Hatch夫婦是在大蕭條時(shí)期出生的，而不是他們?cè)诖笫挆l時(shí)期有了孩子，排除A；第三段提到他們的老房子位于他們家的農(nóng)場里,B錯(cuò)誤；第二段提到他們幫助有困難的鄰居們，但并未提及幫他們找工作，D錯(cuò)誤。C項(xiàng)說他們把自己的財(cái)產(chǎn)捐贈(zèng)給鄰居,符合文意,故答案為C.[答案]C3．WhywouldtheHatchesroutinelygofromstoretostore？A。Theydecidedtoopenastore。B.Theywantedtosavemoney。C.Theycouldn’taffordexpensivethings.D。Theywantedtobuygiftsforlocalkids。［解析]推理判斷題。第四段提到他們有節(jié)約的習(xí)慣，買東西之前喜歡一個(gè)商店一個(gè)商店地比較價(jià)格，顯然是為了省錢，故答案為B。A，他們決定開個(gè)商店；C，他們買不起貴的東西;D，他們想給當(dāng)?shù)氐暮⒆淤I禮物，都明顯與文意不符.［答案］B4．AccordingtoSandyVanWeelden，theHatcheswere________.A.understandingB.optimisticC。childlike D。curious［解析］推理判斷題。從文章第五段SandyVanWeelden的話中可知,theHatches從來不問你需要什么，而是能夠發(fā)現(xiàn)你需要的東西,然后就來幫助你，這說明他們非常善解人意，故答案為A.B表示樂觀的;C表示孩子氣的，天真爛漫的;D表示好奇的，明顯不符合文意。［答案]A5．Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.ThecommunityofAltowaspoor。B.Thesummercampwasattractivetotheparents。C.SandyVanWeeldengotalegacyfromtheHatches.D.TheHatcheswouldliketheneighborstofollowtheirexample.［解析］推理判斷題。A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)在這個(gè)地區(qū)很貧困,文章只是說這里有經(jīng)濟(jì)困難的人,并不是說這里是一個(gè)貧困地區(qū)；B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)在parents上;C項(xiàng)說SandyVanWeelden得到了Hatches夫婦的一份遺產(chǎn),文章只是提到他對(duì)他們的評(píng)價(jià)，并未說他得到遺產(chǎn)之事；從文章倒數(shù)第二段第二句話以及最后一段可以看出，Hatches夫婦的愿望就是他們的遺產(chǎn)能夠?yàn)樯鐓^(qū)以及子孫后代造福，鄰里之間能夠互相幫助，故答案為D。[答案］D**＊＊＊*＊＊＊＊＊*＊＊*＊*＊*＊*＊*＊＊＊*＊*＊**＊***＊＊******＊＊***＊*＊結(jié)束(2011·山東卷）CDianaJacobsthoughtherfamilyhadaworkableplantopayforcollegeforher21—year—oldtwinsons:acombinationofsavings，income，scholarships,andamodestamountofborrowing。Thenherhusbandlosthisjob，andtheplanfellapart.“Ihavetwokidsincollege，andIwanttosay‘comehome，’butatthesametimeIwanttoprovidethemwithagoodeducation,”saysJacobs.TheJacobsfamilydidworkoutasolution：Theyaskedandreceivedmoreaidfromtheschools,andeachsonincreasedhisborrowingtothemaximumamountthroughthefederalloan(貸款）program.Theywilleachgraduatewith＄20，000ofdebt，butatleasttheywillbeabletofinishschool.Withunemploymentrising,financialaidadministratorsexpecttohearmorefamiliesliketheJacobs.Morestudentsareapplyingforaid,andmorefamiliesexpecttoneedstudentloans。Collegeadministratorsareconcernedthattheywillnothaveenoughaidmoneytogoaround。Atthesametime,tuition（學(xué)費(fèi)）continuestorise。AreportfromtheNationalCenterforPublicPolicyandHigherEducationfoundthatcollegetuitionandfeesincreased439％from1982to2007,whileaveragefamilyincomerosejust147%.“Ifwegoonthiswayforanother25years,wewon’thaveanaffordablesystemofhighereducation，”saysPatrickM.Callan，presidentofthecenter.“Themiddleclassfamilieshavebeenfinancingitthroughdebt.Theywillsendkidstocollegewhateverittakes,evenifthatmeansahugeamountofdebt。"Financialaidadministratorshavebeenhavingahardtimeasmanycompaniesdecidethatstudentloansarenotprofitableenoughandhavestoppedmakingthem。Thegoodnews，however,isthatfederalloansaccountforaboutthreequartersofstudentborrowing，andthegovernmentsaysthatmoneywillflowuninterrupted。67。HowdidtheJacobsmanagetosolvetheirproblem?A.Theyaskedtheirkidstocomehome。B。Theyborrowed$20,000fromtheschool.C.Theyencouragedtheirtwinsonstodopart-timejobs.D.Theygothelpfromtheschoolandthefederalgovernment。68.Financialaidadministratorsbelievethat_______.A.morefamilieswillfacethesameproblemastheJacobsesB.thegovernmentwillreceivemorelettersofcomplaintC。collegetuitionfeeswilldoublesoonD。America’sunemploymentwillfall69.Whatcanwelearnaboutthemiddleclassfamiliesfromthetext？A.Theyblamedthegovernmentforthetuitionincrease。B.Theirincomeremainedsteadyinthelastdecade.C.Theywilltrytheirbesttosendkidstocollege。D。Theirdebtswillbepaidoffwithin25years。70.Accordingtothelastparagraph，thegovernmentwill.A。providemoststudentswillscholarshipsB.dismisssomefinancialaidadministratorsC。stopthecompaniesfrommakingstudentloansD。goonprovidingfinancialsupportforcollegestudents【解析】：66—70：BDACD【語篇解讀】本文介紹了今年學(xué)生貸款增多給家庭帶來的壓力和大學(xué)學(xué)費(fèi)的不斷增加的社會(huì)問題,提出政府對(duì)之做出的回應(yīng)。66.B．推理判斷題。第一段提到DianaJacobs的家庭本來有一個(gè)可行的計(jì)劃可以支付兩個(gè)雙胞胎兒子的大學(xué)費(fèi)用,可由于丈夫的失業(yè)計(jì)劃瓦解了。67.D．推理判斷題.第三段指出解決方案solution是向?qū)W校索求更多的援助,每個(gè)兒子增加貸款到最大額度.如原文“Theyaskedandreceivedmoreaidfromtheschools，andeachsonincreasedhisborrowingtothemaximumamountthroughthefederalloan(貸款)program?！?也即是選項(xiàng)B。68.A。細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。由第四段“expecttohearmorefamiliesliketheJacobs”可以得知財(cái)政援助的管理員們預(yù)期會(huì)看到更多像Jacobs一家的情況，同義轉(zhuǎn)換即選項(xiàng)A。而BD原文沒有提到,C從第五段“Studentborrowinghasmorethandoubledinthelastdecade”，可知在過去10年里已經(jīng)長了一倍還多，因此是錯(cuò)的。69。C。推理判斷題。從第六段最后一句話“Theywillsendkidstocollegewhateverittakes，evenifthatmeansahugeamountofdebt。"可知，無論需要什么他們都會(huì)送孩子去上大學(xué),即使那意味著大筆的債務(wù)。70.D.細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。由最后一段可知許多公司做出決定說學(xué)生貸款利潤股溝因此不再做貸款，而好消息是聯(lián)邦政府承擔(dān)著四分之三的學(xué)生貸款。因此推斷是D,政府將繼續(xù)承擔(dān)對(duì)大學(xué)生的資金援助。＊＊*＊＊＊＊*＊*＊＊*＊**＊**＊*＊*＊＊＊**＊＊＊*＊＊***＊＊*＊＊＊＊*＊*＊＊**＊*＊＊＊＊＊＊＊結(jié)束（2010·鄭州質(zhì)檢）Weallknowthathealthyisveryimportanttous。Both1.________studyandworkdependbystrongbodies.Doingsports2.________andgameshelpsuskeepstrongandhealthy.Ifwedonot3。________takeanyexercise，wemayfeeltiredbutgetsickeasily。4.________There’smanydifferentkindsofsportswecandothem,5。________suchasplayingballgames，running，walkingandswim。6。________However,nowwehavetoomuchhomeworktodoin7。________everyday.Wehopethatwe’llbegivinglesshomework8。________andhavemoretimetakepartinsports.Wealsohope9。________thatourschoolcanholdasportsmeetingeveryterm.10.________答案與解析：1．healthy→health這里是句子的主語，因此用名詞形式。2．by→on/upondependon/upon是固定搭配.3．help→helps這句話的主語是動(dòng)名詞短語doingsportsandgames.動(dòng)名詞短語作主語表示一件事時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式.4．but→andfeeltired和getsick是并列關(guān)系，不表示轉(zhuǎn)折,因此將but改為and。5．去掉them這是一個(gè)定語從句,從句中作動(dòng)詞do的賓語的關(guān)系代詞that（或which）被省略了,因此them是多余的.6．swim→swimming應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞與前面的running，walking并列，故應(yīng)用swimming。7．去掉ineveryday可以單獨(dú)作狀語，前面不需要加介詞。8．giving→given這里是被動(dòng)語態(tài),因此用過去分詞。9．take前加to此處考查的是havetimetodosth。的結(jié)構(gòu)。10．√*＊*＊＊*＊＊＊＊＊**＊＊＊*＊*＊＊＊*＊***＊＊*＊****＊＊＊＊＊*＊*******＊**＊**＊*＊*結(jié)束鏈接2.(2012重慶卷)Inhis1930essay“EconomicPossibilitiesforOurGrandchildren“,JohnKeynes,economist,rewrotethathumanneedsfallintotwoclasses:absoluteneeds,whichareindeedwhatotherhave,andrelativeneeds，whichmakeusfeelsuperiortoourfellows.Hethoughtalthoughrelativeneedsmayindeedbeinsatiable（無止境的)thisisnottrueofabsoluteKeyneswassurelycorrectthatonlyasmallpartoftotalspendingiddecidedbythesuper—iorityHewasgreatlymistaken，however，inseeingthisderiveastheonlysourceofdemandsDecisionstospendarealsodrivenbyideasofqualitywhichcaninfluencethedenalmostallgoods,includingevenbasicgoodslikefood.Whenacouplegoesoutforandinner,forexample,thethoughtoffeelingsuperiortoothersprobablynevercomestothem。Thegoalistoshareaspecialmealthatstandsoutfromothermeals。Therearenoobviouslimitstotheescalationofdemandforquality。Forexample，Porschefamouscarproducer，hasamodelwhichwasconsideredperhapsthebestsportcaronthemarkPricedatover＄120,000,ithandlesperfectlywellandhasgreatspeedacceleration.Butin200theproducerintroducedsomechangeswhichmadethemodelslightlybetterinhandlingacceleration.Peoplewhoreallycareaboutcarsfindthesesmallimprovementsexciting.Tothem,however，theymustpayalmostfourtimestheprice?！驹囶}解析】短文第段提到“Hethoughtalthoughrelativeneedsmayindeedbeinsatiable（無止境的）thisisnottrueofabsolute”.由此可知，C選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容與此相符。因此，正確答案為C選項(xiàng)?！倦y度】一般73。WhatdoweknowaboutthecoupleinParagraph3?A.TheywanttoshowtheirsuperiorityB.TheyfindspecialtyimportanttomealsC.Theirdemandsforfoodarenoteasilysatisfied.D。Theirchoiceofdinnerisrelatedtoideasofquality。73.【答案】D【試題解析】短文第3段提到“Thegoalistoshareaspecialmealthatstandsoutfromothermeals。".由此可知,這對(duì)夫婦出去就餐的只是改善一下。在四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，D選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容與此相符。因此，正確答案為D選項(xiàng)?！倦y度】一般74。Whatdoestheunderlinedword“escalation"inParagraph4probablymean?A.Understanding.B。IncreaseC.DifferenceD。Study74.【答案】B【試題解析】根據(jù)短文，人們對(duì)于質(zhì)量的需要呈上升的趨勢(shì)，由此可推測劃線詞的詞義與B選項(xiàng)的詞義相符.因此，正確答案為B選項(xiàng)?！倦y度】一般75。Theauthorofthepassagethat______.A.absoluteneedshavenolimitsB.demandsforqualityarenotinsatiableC.humandesiresinfluenceideasofqualityD。relativeneedsdecidemostofourspending75。【答案】A【試題解析】瀏覽全文，短文主要探討的是絕對(duì)需要無止境,A選項(xiàng)與此相符。因此，正確答案為A選項(xiàng).＊＊****＊*＊＊*＊＊＊**＊＊*＊*＊**＊＊＊＊*＊*＊＊*＊＊*****＊*＊＊＊****＊*＊*結(jié)束(2011·四川卷）短文改錯(cuò)（共10小題；每小題1。5分,滿分15分）此題要求改正所給短文中的錯(cuò)誤。對(duì)標(biāo)有題號(hào)的每一行作出判斷：如無錯(cuò)誤,在該行右邊橫線上畫一個(gè)溝（√）；如有錯(cuò)誤（每行只有一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤），則按下列情況改正；此