體裁微解-應(yīng)用文-備考2023年高考英語歷年閱讀理解真題解析+仿真模擬 （解析版）（全國(guó)通用）

專題05體裁微解一應(yīng)用文

題型分析

應(yīng)用文是最貼近日常生活的文體,它包括通知、廣告、便條、申請(qǐng)書、個(gè)人簡(jiǎn)介、商品說

明與介紹、新聞報(bào)道等，形式多樣，題材各異（如圖示、表格等），措辭簡(jiǎn)潔明了，直截了當(dāng)，

其目的是向讀者傳輸信息。主要具有以下特點(diǎn)：

選材信息量大,文句精煉,形式靈活,用最少的篇幅傳達(dá)最大量的信息。

內(nèi)容生活化，實(shí)用化，多樣化。如產(chǎn)品宣傳、服務(wù)介紹、通知、海報(bào)、啟事、招

生招聘等。

形式標(biāo)題醒目，重點(diǎn)突出，條理清晰,常用粗體字或各類題I=I符號(hào)使文章結(jié)構(gòu)更加鮮

明。

語言人名、地名、專用名詞多;生詞多;縮略詞、祈使句、省略句多;結(jié)構(gòu)不完整。

命題其命題角度主要考查考生提取信息和處理信息的能力，既注重特定細(xì)節(jié)的篩

選、類比、綜合，又注重推理判斷題的考查，題目設(shè)置相對(duì)容易。

解題策略

高考應(yīng)用文閱讀理解設(shè)題以細(xì)節(jié)題為主,因此閱讀這類文章時(shí),也應(yīng)該在整體把握文章結(jié)構(gòu)

的前提下，重點(diǎn)注意細(xì)節(jié)信息，細(xì)節(jié)題題干都是相應(yīng)原文的變形（如同義句改寫，詞性轉(zhuǎn)換

等）,因此,要想找到答案就一定要找到題干在原文中的出處，再把原文和選項(xiàng)相比較。做題時(shí),

根據(jù)所提問題用尋讀、跳讀的方法可以達(dá)到事半功倍的效果。同時(shí)，在閱讀時(shí)也要特別注意

文中以粗體、大寫、下劃線等方式加以提示的文字,因?yàn)檫@很有可能是文章的核心或某一部

分內(nèi)容的概括。具體答題策略如下：

策略指導(dǎo)

1.先題后文

先讀題目，了解考點(diǎn);明確目的，快速捕捉,獲取信息。

2.定題干

根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞找到文中答案范圍，按照題目順序依次而下;問題與原文相同,對(duì)號(hào)入座，通

過同義替換、歸納事實(shí)等方法確定答案。

3.生詞模糊

遇到生詞，如無關(guān)答題，直接跳過;涉及答題。則根據(jù)語境、構(gòu)詞法等猜詞。

4.信息補(bǔ)全

對(duì)于影響理解的省略句，可根據(jù)語境，將其補(bǔ)全。

【感悟真題體驗(yàn)技法】

(2022年新高考I卷A篇)

GradingPoliciesforIntroductiontoLiterature

GradingScale

90-100,A;80-89,B;70-79,C;60-69,D;Below60,E.

Essays(60%)

Yourfourmajoressayswillcombinetoformthemainpartofthegradeforthiscourse:Essay

1=10%;Essay2=15%;Essay3=15%;Essay4=20%.

GroupAssignments(30%)

Studentswillworkingroupstocompletefourassignments(作業(yè))duringthecourse.Allthe

assignmentswillbesubmittedbytheassigneddatethroughBlackboard,ouronlineIeamingand

coursemanagementsystem.

DailyWork/In-ClassWritingsandTestsZGroupWork/Homevvork(10%)

Classactivitieswillvaryfromdaytoday,butstudentsmustbereadytocompleteshort

in-classwritingsortestsdrawndirectlyfromassignedreadingsornotesfromthepreviousclass1

lecture/discussion,soitisimportanttotakecarefulnotesduringclass.Additionally,fromtimeto

timeIwillassigngroupworktobecompletedinclassorshortassignmentstobecompletedat

home,bothofwhichwillbegraded.

LateWork

Anessaynotsubmittedinclassontheduedatewilllosealettergradeforeachclassperiodit

islate.Ifitisnotturnedinbythe4thdayaftertheduedate,itwillearnazero.Dailyassignments

notcompletedduringclasswillgetazero.Shortwritingsmissedasaresultofanexcusedabsence

willbeaccepted.

1.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?

A.Atextbook.B.Anexampaper.C.Acourseplan.D.Anacademicarticle.

2.Howmanypartsisastudent,sfinalgrademadeupof?

A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Five.

3.Whatwillhappenifyousubmitanessayoneweekaftertheduedate?

A.Youwillreceiveazero.B.Youwilllosealettergrade.

C.Youwillbegivenatest.D.Youwillhavetorewriteit.

【答案】1.C2.B3.A

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了文學(xué)概論課程評(píng)分辦法。

L【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章標(biāo)題“GradingPoliciesfbrIntroductiontoLiterature(文學(xué)概

論課程評(píng)分辦法)''和ESSayS(60%)部分“Yourfburmajoressayswillcombinetoformthemain

partofthegradeofforthiscourse(你的四篇主要文章將構(gòu)成本課程評(píng)分的主要部分)”可知I,文

章介紹了文學(xué)概論課程評(píng)分辦法。由此推知，本文是出自一個(gè)課程計(jì)劃。故選C項(xiàng)。

2.【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)黑體小標(biāo)題"Essays(60%)”以及“GroupAssignments(30%)”和

“DailyWorkZIn-ClassWritingsandTests/GroupsWorkZHomework(10%)”可知，學(xué)生的最終成績(jī)

由3部分組成。故選B項(xiàng)。

3.【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“LateWork”部分"Ifitisnotturnedinbythe4thdayafterthedue

date,itwi∏earnazero.(如果沒有在截止日期后的第4天上交，將會(huì)得到零分)“可知，如果在

截止II期后一周才交文章，你將會(huì)得零分。故選A項(xiàng).

仿真模擬練

一”=?ALJTTkiTL巧一俁4Travellingbyrailholdsaromanticandold-fashionedappealthat

can,tbematchedbyflyingordriving.

1.TheRockyMountaineer

Where:Canada,fromVancouvertoBanff,JasperandCalgary.

When:InJune,whichisspringtimeintheRockies,completewithbloomingflowersandabundant

wildlife.

Duration:Betweentwoandeightdays,travellingonlyindaylight,stayingindeluxehotels.

Highlights:Incredibleluxuryateverystageofthetrip,traditionalnativestorytelling,wine

classes.

2.TheChepe

Where:Mexico.ItbeginsitsjourneyinthemountainsofChihuahuaandfinishesontheSinaloa

coast.

When:Intherainyseason,fromJunetoOctober.

Duration:14hours.

Highlights:Thetrainwindsitswaydownthrough656kmofthebreathtakingCopperCanyon

whichisdeeperthantheGrandCanyon,over37precarious-lookingbridgesandthrough86

tunnels.Nativessellcraftsandlocalfoodsalongtheroute.

3.TheGhan

Where:Australia,fromAdelaidetoDarwinviaAliceSprings.

When:Goingduringthewetseason(December,January)willallowyoutoseemorewildlife.

Duration:52hours.

Highlights:GoingthroughAustralia'sRedCentrewithcobalt-blueskies,redearth.

4.TheRoyalScotsman

Where:TravelsaroundtheScottishHighlands.

When:WarmerweatherinJunemakesittheperfecttimetowatchospreysflyingovermirror-like

lakes,orgoinOctoberforautumncolors.

Duration:Tripscanbeasshortastwodaysoraslongasseven.

Highlights:Indulgentcuisine,finewinesandcarriagesthatlooklikeroomsatBalmoralCastle.

1.WhatcanyoudowhiletravelingontheChepe?

A.Youcantastelocalfoods.B.Youcanmakecraftswithnatives.

C.YoucanadmiretheGrandCanyon.D.Youcanlistentotraditionalnativestories.

2.WhichtrainisboundforDarwin?

A.TheRockyMountaineer.B.TheChepe.

C.TheGhan.D.TheRoyalScotsman.

3.WhenistheperfecttimetoenjoythefallsceneryintheScottishHighlands?

A.InJune.B.InJuly.C.InOctober.D.InDecember.

【答案】1.A2.C3.C

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。坐火車旅行有一種浪漫和老式的吸引力，這是乘飛機(jī)或開車所無

法比擬的。文章對(duì)幾條火車旅游路線進(jìn)行了介紹。

I.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“2.TheChePe”部分Highlights中最后一句"Nativessellcraftsandlocal

foodsalongtheroute.（當(dāng)?shù)厝搜芈烦鍪凼止に嚻泛彤?dāng)?shù)厥称罚笨芍?，在奇佩河上旅行時(shí)，你口J

以品嘗到當(dāng)?shù)氐氖澄?。故選A。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“3.TheGhan”部分Where中的“Australia,fromAdelaidetoDarwinvia

AliceSPringS.（澳大利亞，從阿德萊德經(jīng)愛麗絲泉到達(dá)爾文）''可知，甘號(hào)火車是開往達(dá)爾文的。

故選C。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“4.TheRoyalSCOtSmarr部分When中的"WarmerweatherinJunemakes

ittheperfecttimetowatchospreysflyingovermirror-likelakes,orgoinOctoberforautumn

CoIOrS.（六月天氣回暖，是觀賞魚鷹在鏡面般的湖面上飛翔的最佳時(shí)節(jié)，也適合在十月欣賞秋

色）“可知，十月是在蘇格蘭高地欣賞秋天景色的最佳時(shí)間。故選C。

（2023?安徽宿州?校聯(lián)考一模）IntroductiontoLifeIsSimple

LifeIsSimpleisabookthathasaffectedthecourseofscience,andittellsusanimportant

principle.

Price:￡25.00

Weight:600g

Dimension:236mmX160mmx40mm

Supply:Hardcover∣384pages

Description:

LifeIsSimpletellsaremarkablestoryofhowathirteenthcenturyman,ssearchforsimplicity

ledtothedevelopmentofthemodernworld.ThebookbeginswiththeheroattheMiddleAges,

WilliamOccam,whodevotedhimselftoexploringphilosophy,andfirstexpressedclearlythe

principlethatthebestanswertoanyproblemisthesimplest.Thefamoustheoryfromhimcut

throughthebushesoftheMiddleAges,philosophydealingwiththenatureofexistence,truthand

knowledgetoclearapathformodemscience.

Wefollowthetheoryinthehandsofthegiantsofscience,fromCopernicustoKepler,

Galileo,Newton,Darwin,Einstein,RubinandHiggs.Itssuccesssuggeststhatweliveinthe

simplestpossiblehabitableuniverseandsupportstherevolutionarytheorythatouruniversehas

graduallyformed.Byhighlightingtheveryhumanpassion,curiosity,mistakesandstrugglesof

thosewhowereinspiredbythetheorytocreatethemodemworld,JohnjoeMcFaddenprovides

newunderstandingintowhatscienceisreallyabout.Andtheprincipleofsimplicityisaspractical

todayasever.

4.WhatdoweknowaboutLifeIsSimple?

A.Itstopicisaboutmodernscience.

B.Itsmaincharacterlovesphilosophy.

C.Itregardsgiantsofscienceasitsheroes.

D.Ithasalargesizewithsixhundredpages.

5.WhoistheauthorofLifeIsSimple!

A.WilliamOccam.B.JohnjoeMcFadden.

C.Newton.D.Einstein.

6.WhoismostprobablyinterestedinLifeIsSimple?

A.Astudentmajoringinart.

B.Adoctorexpertatchildpsychology.

C.Asingercrazyaboutwesternculture.

D.Ateenagercuriousaboutscienceandlife.

【答案】4.B5.B6.D

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了一本影響科學(xué)進(jìn)程的書L滋SimpE

4.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章Description部分中第一段“Thebookbeginswiththeheroatthe

MiddleAges,WilliamOccam,whodevotedhimselftoexploringphilosophy,andfirstexpressed

clearlytheprinciplethatthebestanswertoanyproblemistheSimPleSt.（這本書從致力于哲學(xué)探

索的中世紀(jì)英雄威廉?奧卡姆開始，第一次明確表達(dá)了“任何問題的最佳答案都是最簡(jiǎn)單的''

的原則）“可知，本文的主人公熱愛哲學(xué)。故選B。

5.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一句"Byhighlightingtheveryhumanpassion,curiosity,mistakes

andstrugglesofthosewhowereinspiredbythetheorytocreatethemodernworld,Johnjoe

McFaddenprovidesnewunderstandingintowhatscienceisreallyabout.Andtheprincipleof

simplicityisaspracticaltodayasever.（JohnjoeMcFadden登通過強(qiáng)調(diào)人類的激情、好奇心、錯(cuò)

誤和那些受這一理論啟發(fā)而創(chuàng)造現(xiàn)代世界的人的斗爭(zhēng)，為科學(xué)的真正意義提供了新的理解。

簡(jiǎn)單原則在今天和以往一樣實(shí)用）“可知，此書的作者是JOhnjoeMCFadden。故選B。

6.推理判斷題。根據(jù)此書名和文中的關(guān)鍵詞SCienCe可知，一個(gè)對(duì)科學(xué)和生活充滿好奇的少

年最有可能對(duì)“∕?∕sS加〃加感興趣。故選D。

（2023?北京房山?統(tǒng)考一模）Tohelpnewstudents,theInternationalBusinessInstitute（IBI）

planstosetupabuddy（伙伴）peersupportproject.Theprojectwillhelpnewstudentsmeet

currentstudentsatIBIwhocanprovidethemwithsomefriendlycompanyduringtheirfirst

monthsinNewcastleandhelpthemwithanysmallproblemsthattheymayhave.

Whafsinitforyou?

Webelievethatbeingabuddywillberewardinginseveralways.Asavolunteer,itwillbe

personallysatisfyingtoknowthatyouareabletohelpnewstudents.Itwillalsohelpyoumake

contactsthatmaybevaluableinyourfutureacademicandprofessionallives.Ifyouarean

overseasstudent,itwillgiveyouanotheropportunitytopractisespeakingEnglish.

Responsibilitiesofbuddies

?Telephoneandarrangetomakecontactwiththenewstudent.

?Meetthestudentandshowhim/heraroundthecampusandthelocalarea.Answerquestions

aboutlivinginNewcastleandadministrationproceduresatIBI.

?Arrangetomeetthenewstudentonemorningorafternoononeweekendearlyinthe

semester,andtakethestudenttoplacesthatyouenjoyinNewcastle.

?Bepreparedtotakephonecallsfromthenewstudenttoanswerfurtherquestionsthathe/she

mayhavefromtimetotime.Meettoexplaininformationtothenewstudentinperson,ifrequired.

?Youwillbematchedtoanindividualnewstudent.However,ifyouhavefriendswhoare

alsobuddies,youmightprefertoformasupportgrouptogether.Thiswouldmeanthatyoumeet

thenewstudentsasagroupratherthanone-on-one.

?Beingabuddyisvoluntary.Thereisno“requirement“toprovideassistancebeyondthehelp

outlinedabove.

Pleasenotethatifyouagreetobecomeapeersupportbuddy,youwillbeexpectedtofulfil

yourroleconscientiouslyandcheerfully.Itwillbeimportanttobeconsiderateandreliablesothat

thestudentcanfeelconfidentinyoursupport.

7.Accordingtothepassage,whatbenefitcanyougetfrombeingabuddy?

A.Youcanlearnhowtobeaconfidentperson.

B.Itiseasyforyoutofindsomefriendlycompany.

C.Youcanberewardedwithbothmoneyandprizes.

D.Itmaybehelpfulforyourfuturestudiesandcareer.

8.Asabuddy,youneedto.

A.formasupportgroupwithothervolunteersatIBI

B.provideassistanceinstudyingeachsubjectafterclass

C.meetthenewstudenteverymorningearlyinthesemester

D.helpthenewstudentgetfamiliarwithhisorhersurroundings

9.Whatistheauthor,spurposeinwritingthispassage?

A.Tointroducecampuslifefornewstudents.

B.Toattractpotentialvolunteerstobepeersupporters.

C.ToofferanopportunitytopractisespeakingEnglish.

D.Toprovidesomeinformationaboutstudyingoverseas.

【答案】7.D8.D9.B

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文，文章主要介紹了國(guó)際商業(yè)學(xué)院（IBI）計(jì)劃設(shè)立的，幫助伙伴項(xiàng)目，

的好處以及其成員的責(zé)任。

7.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Whafsinitforyou?部分中“Itwillalsohelpyoumakecontactsthatmay

bevaluableinyourfutureacademicandProfeSSionaIliVeS.（它還會(huì)幫助你建立對(duì)你未來的學(xué)術(shù)

和職業(yè)生涯有價(jià)值的聯(lián)系戶可知，成為伙伴幫助者可能對(duì)你未來的學(xué)習(xí)和職業(yè)有幫助。故選

Do

8.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Responsibilitiesofbuddies部分第二點(diǎn)中“Meetthestudentandshow

him/heraroundthecampusandthelocalarea.（與學(xué)生見面，并帶他/她參觀校園和當(dāng)?shù)氐貐^(qū)）''

可知，作為一名伙伴幫助者，你需要幫助新生熟悉環(huán)境。故選D。

9.推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容，結(jié)合第一段中“Tohelpnewstudents,theInternationalBusiness

Institute（IBI）planstosetupabuddy（伙伴）peersupportPrOjeCt.（為了幫助新生，國(guó)際商業(yè)學(xué)院

（IBI）計(jì)劃設(shè)立「幫助伙伴項(xiàng)目了可知，文章主要介紹「國(guó)際商業(yè)學(xué)院（IBI）計(jì)劃設(shè)立的，幫

助伙伴項(xiàng)目’的好處以及其成員的責(zé)任，目的是吸引潛在的志愿者成為伙伴幫助者。故選Bo

（2023?廣東；山頭?統(tǒng)考一模）Inrecenttimes,thesalesofself-helpbookshavesoaredin

popularity.Hereareourpicksofthebest,andmosthighlyratedself-helpbookstohelptacklethat

newyearanxiety.

AtomicHabitsbyJamesClear

Nowadayspeoplespendsomuchtimeplanning,journaling,andwritinginourdiaries,rather

thantakingactiontowardsactuallyachievingourgoals.Thisbookisastep-by-stepguidetofixing

upyourroutine.Itdigsintothepsychologybehindhabits—howtoformgoodonesandbreakthe

badones.Ifyou,reavictimofprocrastination（拖延癥）,thismaybethepushyouneed.

HowtoWinFriendsandInfluencePeoplebyDaleCarnegie

Thisbookisallaboutimprovingtherelationshipsyouhavewithothersinyourlife,making

youabetterlistener,andoverallabetterfriend.Withsimpletipssuchasincludingtheperson,s

nameinconversationandmakingsureyou,regenuinelyinterestedinwhatthey,resaying,youcan

ensuretheywillrememberyou.Thecoreideaisthatyoucanchangeotherpcople,sbehaviourby

changingyourown,thereforebuildingstrongerrelationships.

Untamed-StopPleasing,StartLivingbyGlennonDoyle

Partautobiographicalandpartself-help,it,stheperfectbooktokickstartyouryearandstart

livingforyourself.Althoughthisbookcouldbeenjoyedbyanyone,theprimeaudienceiswomen,

asDoyletalksalotaboutdoubtsduringmotherhood,andtheoverwhelmingneedwomenfeelto

puteveryonebeforethemselves.Doyleshowsusourlivesinanewlightthatwithouteven

realisingit,wemaybeworkinghardtopleaseeveryonearoundus,forgettingthemostimportant

person——ourselves.

The4-HourWorkWeekbyTimothyFerriss

??Escapethe9-5,liveanywhereandjointhenewrich”.Thisbestsellerproposestheideathat

youdon'tneedtowaitforretirementanddelayyourlifeplan.Instead,youcantradealongcareer

forshortworkburstsandfrequent"mini-retirements".Ferrissaysthatpeopledon,twanttobe

millionaires.Theywanttoexperiencewhattheythinkonlymillionairescanbuy.

10.WhatcanweIeamfromAtomicHabits?

A.Howtokeepadiary.

B.HowtoIeampsychology.

C.Howtoarrangeyourroutine.

D.Howtosatisfyyourneeds.

11.Whichbookmayattracthousewivesmost?

A.AtomicHabits.

B.Untamed-StopPleasing,StartLiving.

C.The4-HourWorkWeek.

D.HowtoWinFriendsandInfluencePeople.

12.WhichofthefollowingmayTimothyFerrissagreewith?

A.Nopains,nogains.

B.Idleyoung,needyold.

C.Liveinthemoment.

D.Fortunefavorsthebold.

【答案】10.C11.B12.C

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了幫助緩解焦慮的書籍。

10.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)AtomicHabitsbyJamesClear部分中“Thisbookisastep-by-stepguideto

fixingupyourroutine.（這本書一步一步地指導(dǎo)你調(diào)整日常生活廠可知，AtomicHabits主要是

指導(dǎo)讀者們?nèi)绾伟才抛约旱娜粘Ｉ?。故選C。

11.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Untamed-StopPleasing,StartLivingbyGlennonDoyle部分中“Although

thisbookcouldbeenjoyedbyanyone,theprimeaudienceiswomen,asDoyletalksalotabout

doubtsduringmotherhood,andtheoverwhelmingneedwomenfeeltoputeveryonebefore

themselves.（盡管任何人都可以喜歡這本書，但主要的讀者是女性，因?yàn)榈罓栒劦搅撕芏喈?dāng)

母親時(shí)的疑慮，以及女性覺得把所有人都放在自己之前的強(qiáng)烈需求）“可知，Untamed-Stop

Pleasing,StartLiving適合女性讀者。故選Bo

12.推理判斷題。根據(jù)The4-HourWorkWeekbyTimothyFerriss部分中“Thisbestseller

proposestheideathatyoudon,tneedtowaitforretirementanddelayyourlifeplan.Instead,you

cantradealongcareerforshortworkburstsandfrequent"mini?retirements”.（這本暢銷書提出

的觀點(diǎn)是，你不需要等待退休，推遲你的人生計(jì)劃。相反，你可以用漫長(zhǎng)的職業(yè)生涯換取短

暫的工作爆發(fā)和頻繁的“迷你退休"）“可知，該書作者認(rèn)為人們不必要等待退休而推遲自己的

人生計(jì)劃，而是應(yīng)該用短暫的工集中工作和“迷你退休”模式，實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的人生。由此推知，

也許TimothyFeiTiss同意“活在當(dāng)下''的觀點(diǎn)。故選Co

（2023?湖南岳陽?統(tǒng)考二模）InhonorofNationalParkWeek,here,salistofsomeofthe

strikingfeaturesthatyoucanfindthroughoutAmerica.

PetrifiedForestNationalPark

PetrifiedForestNationalParkisnotnecessarilyadangerousplace...aslongasyoudon,t

stealthestones.Thefossils（化石）arebeautifulandsomewhatlooklikepreciousstones,which

makesthemanattractivesouvenir.ButaswithallNationalParklands,visitorsaren,tallowedto

takeanythingfromthesite,includingrocks,plantsandanimals.Andforgoodreason,removing

anyoftheseitemscanharmthelocalecosystemordegradethegeologicalfeatures.Legendhasit

thattakingarockcanbringaboutmisfortune.Duetothisreason,theparkreceivesletterswith

returnedrocksfrompeoplewishingforforgivenessforfossiltheft.

YellowstoneNationalPark

YellowstoneNationalParkwasthefirst-evernationalpark,establishedin1872.Withscenic

mountainsandriversandanabundanceofwildlife,Yellowstoneishometomorethan10,000

hydrothermalfeatures.Theseincludehotsprings,mudpots,andover500geysersformedfromthe

2.1million-year-oldsupervolcanohidingbelowYellowstone,ssurface.Visitorsfromalloverthe

worldflocktoYellowstoneNationalParkforitsgeysers.

MammothCaveNationalPark

Withtunnelsstretchingover420miles,MammothCaveistheworld,slargestcavesystem.

Nearly10millionyearsago,waterbegantoswirlitswaythroughthelimestonebed,eventually

shapingthecave,smassivetunnels.Insidethecavearetheclassicstalactitesandstalagmites,but

you,11alsofindotheruniquefoπnations.

Devil,sTowerNationalMonument

TheoriginsofthisuniquerockformationisthatDevil,sToweronceconstitutedtheinsideof

avolcano.Eventually,thesofteroutsiderockoftheeroded,leavingonlytheharderigneousrock

behind.Amongthelocalpeoples,DeviΓsTowerishighlysacred.Eachcommunitypassesdown

legendsofitscreation,whichtypicallyincludesomeoneescapingabigbearandfindingrefuge

atoptherock.

13.WhymustthestonesbekeptinPetrifiedForestNationalPark?

A.Theparkisadangerousplace.

B.Theyarevaluelessstonesinthepark.

C.Theycancauseecologicalandgeologicaleffects.

D.Theywilldefinitelybringbadluckaccordingtothelegend.

14.WhatisspecialinYellowstoneNationalPark?

A.Amazingwildlife.

B.Picturesquescenery.

C.Oldhistory.

D.Hydrothermalwonders.

15.Whichparkcanyouvisitifyouwanttoexplorethelegendsofthecreation?

A.PetrifiedForestNationalPark.

B.YellowstoneNationalPark.

C.MammothCaveNationalPark.

D.DeviΓsTowerNationalMonument.

【答案】13.C14.D15.D

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了美國(guó)的一些有顯著特征的國(guó)家公園。

13.

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)PetrifiedForestNationalPark卜'面的“Andforgoodreason,removing

anyoftheseitemscanharmthelocalecosystemordegradethegeologicalfeatures.（而且有充分

的理由，拿走這些東西中的任何一個(gè)都會(huì)損害當(dāng)?shù)氐纳鷳B(tài)系統(tǒng)或破壞地質(zhì)特征。）''可知，石

頭必須留在公園而不能帶走的原因是這種行為會(huì)造成生態(tài)和地質(zhì)影響。故選Co

14.

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)YellowstoneNationalPark下面的“Withscenicmountainsandrivers

andanabundanceofwildlife,Yellowstoneishometomorethan10,000hydrothermalfeatures.

（黃石公園有風(fēng)景優(yōu)美的山川和豐富的野生動(dòng)物，還擁有一萬多處熱液地貌。）“可知，黃石

公園的特別之處在于它的熱液地貌。故選D。

15.

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)DeVirSTowerNationalMOlIIImeIIt下面的“Eachcommunitypasses

downlegendsofitscreation,whichtypicallyincludesomeoneescapingabigbearandfinding

refugeatoptherock.（每個(gè)社區(qū)都流傳著其形成的傳說，其中通常包括有人逃離一只大熊，在

巖石上尋找避難所。）“可知，魔鬼塔有許多傳說，所以這里是探索其傳說的不錯(cuò)選擇。故選

D0

（2023?M北?校聯(lián)考模擬預(yù)測(cè)）Socialworkers,rolesinassistingindividualsand

communitieshavebecomenecessary.Manydisadvantagedindividualsandcommunitiesneed

theirsupport.Theyarehighlyvalued.Thefollowingaresomeofthem.

Schoolsocialworkers.

Thesesocialworkerscreatestrategiestohelpstudents,academicperformanceandsocial

developmentwithteachersandparents.Theyassist,studentswithissuessuchasbullying（欺凌）.

Schoolsocialworkersalsotalkwithfamiliestosolveabsencesfromclassoraccesstospecial

educationresources.Whileschoolsocialworkersandguidanceadviserssharesomesimilarities,

theyhavesomedifferences.Schoolsocialworkersfocusmoreonastudent,spersonallife.

Childandfamilysocialworkers.

Thesesocialworkersassistfamiliessafeguardchildren.Theysupportfamiliesinfinding

housingandchildcareservicesa