ExchangeServer白手起家系列系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程

ExchangeServer白手起家系列系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程2024/3/26ExchangeServer白手起家系列系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程系列課程內(nèi)容萬(wàn)事開頭難進(jìn)行企業(yè)IT架構(gòu)評(píng)估做一個(gè)Exchange管理員必須掌握的技術(shù)-軟件篇做一個(gè)Exchange管理員必須掌握的技術(shù)-硬件篇郵件系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)和選型的原則如何執(zhí)行壓力測(cè)試？軟件安裝和服務(wù)器管理的規(guī)范化用戶和系統(tǒng)遷移過(guò)程中的注意事項(xiàng)大規(guī)模的用戶帳號(hào)管理、組管理中采用的常見(jiàn)策略客戶端部署和管理郵件系統(tǒng)日常維護(hù)的要點(diǎn)系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程郵件安全、反病毒和反垃圾郵件存儲(chǔ)備份策略你的系統(tǒng)可靠性有幾個(gè)9？Down機(jī)了怎么辦？常見(jiàn)問(wèn)題匯總和答疑ExchangeServer白手起家系列系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程今日議程SLA是反映一項(xiàng)IT服務(wù)的綜合指標(biāo)，不僅僅代表系統(tǒng)的在線時(shí)間，更反映了用戶對(duì)系統(tǒng)的認(rèn)可程度。本次課程主要討論構(gòu)成SLA的組成部分，以及如何通過(guò)有效的工作來(lái)提升SLA和用戶的滿意程度。SLA的概念和深入解析關(guān)鍵業(yè)務(wù)系統(tǒng)監(jiān)控的流程Exchange主要的性能指標(biāo)性能優(yōu)化建議ExchangeServer白手起家系列系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程SLA的概念和深入解析SLA：ServiceLevelAgreement是在確定的成本下與客戶達(dá)成的服務(wù)和系統(tǒng)使用情況的協(xié)議。最簡(jiǎn)單的指標(biāo)：系統(tǒng)服務(wù)在線時(shí)間更進(jìn)一步的衡量：資源：軟硬件的使用效率和投資回報(bào)性能：用戶的使用體驗(yàn)滿意程度服務(wù)：各類問(wèn)題和幫助請(qǐng)求的解決速度ExchangeServer白手起家系列系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程服務(wù)級(jí)別協(xié)議(SLA)的結(jié)構(gòu)ServiceBased-OneServiceLevelAgreementforaspecificserviceforallcustomersofthatserviceCustomerBased-OneServiceLevelAgreementforaspecificcustomerforallservicesMulti-LevelCorporateLevel-coveringallgenericServiceLevelManagement(SLM)issuesthatwouldbeappropriateforallcustomersCustomerLevel-coveringallServiceLevelManagement(SLM)issuesrelevanttoaspecificcustomergroupforallservicesusedServiceLevel-coveringallServiceLevelManagement(SLM)issuesrelevanttoaspecificserviceforaspecificcustomergroupExchangeServer白手起家系列系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程如何制定SLA在項(xiàng)目實(shí)施階段的前期了解用戶對(duì)SLA的需求在實(shí)施過(guò)程中根據(jù)實(shí)際的軟硬件投入情況進(jìn)行動(dòng)態(tài)的更新，并及時(shí)與客戶(用戶)進(jìn)行溝通如果項(xiàng)目涉及到第三方供應(yīng)商，應(yīng)在制定SLA之前取得第三方的認(rèn)可和確認(rèn)ExchangeServer白手起家系列系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程如何貫徹SLA服務(wù)器端服務(wù)器配置和部署的規(guī)范統(tǒng)一運(yùn)營(yíng)過(guò)程中遵循嚴(yán)格的流程變更管理最終用戶培訓(xùn)Helpdesk豐富客戶端的功能，增強(qiáng)用戶體驗(yàn)整體協(xié)調(diào)IT支持部門內(nèi)部的橫向溝通和協(xié)調(diào)管理與第三方供應(yīng)商的關(guān)系及時(shí)保持與客戶(IT主管部門，CIO等)的溝通ExchangeServer白手起家系列系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程如何衡量SLA服務(wù)器在線時(shí)間客戶滿意度ExchangeServer白手起家系列系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程服務(wù)器在線時(shí)間故障發(fā)生檢測(cè)到問(wèn)題檢測(cè)時(shí)間診斷響應(yīng)時(shí)間修復(fù)恢復(fù)服務(wù)問(wèn)題解決下一次故障修復(fù)時(shí)間恢復(fù)時(shí)間MeanTimetoRepair(MTTR)“總的停機(jī)時(shí)間"TimeBetweenSystemIncidents(MTBSI)TimeBetweenFailures(MTBF)ExchangeServer白手起家系列系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程客戶滿意度客觀的設(shè)定用戶的期望值建立良好的Helpdesk流程如果是跨國(guó)企業(yè)，Helpdesk流程的一致性非常重要ExchangeServer白手起家系列系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程性能可擴(kuò)展性可用性ExchangeServer白手起家系列系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程關(guān)鍵業(yè)務(wù)系統(tǒng)監(jiān)控的流程每日檢查的內(nèi)容備份情況郵件隊(duì)列系統(tǒng)性能磁盤空間硬件情況昨天或昨晚的重要變更每日檢查報(bào)表的分發(fā)建議使用SharePoint網(wǎng)站保存每日檢查的報(bào)表ExchangeServer白手起家系列系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程學(xué)會(huì)使用性能計(jì)數(shù)器來(lái)給Exchange把脈demoExchangeServer白手起家系列系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程性能優(yōu)化建議SmalldesignchangescanreapbigbenefitsDonotbeoverlyaggressivewhentuning,especiallywhenitinvolvesregistrychangesAlwaysusetheMicrosoftExchangeServerBestPracticesAnalyzerToolforvalidationExchangeServer白手起家系列系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程StoragePerformanceThebiggestcauseofExchangeperformanceissuesUsuallytoofewspindlestomeetthedemandExchangeisI/OhungryBackoftheenvelope:1spindleforevery100usersActionstotakeWorkoutyourI/OprofileTellyourstoragevendorhowmanyIOPSyouwillproduceSetcachingcontrollersto100%write/4kilobyte(KB)cachepagesizeThinkend-to-endstorage(forexample,HostBusAdaptors)UseDiskPartoaligntracks(performanceboost)UseJetStresstovalidateyourstoragearchitectureReadthepaper,"OptimizingStorageinExchange2003"!WarningSigns!Averagedisklatencyisgreaterthan20millisecondsLongdisklatencyspikesaregreaterthan50millisecondsExchangeServer白手起家系列系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程FastAccesstoActiveDirectoryIfExchangeisslowaccessingtheActiveDirectorydirectoryservice,storeperformancesuffersandmaildeliveryisslowDoublecheckthattheDirectoryServiceAccess(DSAccess)listonlycontainslocaldomaincontrollerorglobalcatalogserversRememberthatroundrobinisusedRound-triptimesshouldbelessthan10msRuleofthumbYoushouldhaveoneglobalcatalogprocessorforeveryfourExchangeprocessorsVerifythatthe/3GBswitchisbeingusedonglobalcatalogsIncreasesJETcachefrom512megabytes(MB)to1gigabyte(GB)MoreoftheActiveDirectoryiscachedinmemoryExchangeServer白手起家系列系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程CorrectUseof/3GBSwitchMailboxandpublicfolderserversImplementwhenthereis=>1GBRAMWindowsServer2003

implement/USERVA=3030GlobalcatalogserversImplementwhenthereis=>1GBRAMFront-endandroutingserversDonotimplementregardlessofmemoryInstead,tunememoryforsystemcacheExchangeServer白手起家系列系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程/3GBand/USERVASwitchesUserModeKernelModeUserModeUserModeKernelModeUserModeExchangeServer白手起家系列系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程HeapDeCommitFreeBlockThresholdShouldbesetto0x40000onallExchangeserversReducesvirtualmemoryfragmentationbycoalescingsmallfreememoryregionsintolargerblocksEspeciallyimportantforlargeExchangemailboxservers–9582begone!/?id=315407

ExchangeServer白手起家系列系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程EnableHyper-ThreadingSettinginBIOSSometimesdefaultstoOFFCanimproveExchangeprocessorefficiencyby25%WorkswithWindowsServer2003andWindows2000ServerExchangeServer白手起家系列系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程DeployExchangeServer2003SP230%reductioninI/OpatternDrasticreductioninlogfilereplaytimesFrom30secondstolessthan2secondsSupportfor8-wayhyper-threadingserversSetsMaxDSNSizeto10MBbydefaultSide:Detectionofsingle-bitfliperrorsExchangeServer白手起家系列系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程HardwareDeviceDriversNonPagedPoolandpage

tableentry(PTE)efficiencyDisableunusedhardwaredevicesEspeciallyconsidernetworkadaptersandstoragecardsUseidenticalhardwareinsidetheserverOnedriverformultipledevicesBeespeciallycarefulwithgraphicsadaptersCanresultinseriousPTEreductionKeepdriversup-to-dateSwitchtoVGA.SYSdriverNeedmorePTEs?ForExchangeServer2003,reduce/USERVAto2970ForExchange2000Server,useSystemPagesregistryparameter(stealfromthePagedPool)!RedFlags!FreePTEcountlessthan5000ExchangeServer白手起家系列系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程TEMPConversionsForPostOfficeProtocol(POP),InternetMessageAccessProtocol(IMAP),anddedicatedpublicfolderservers,redirectTEMPpathtoadedicatedfastdiskStand-alone=SystemTEMPpathCluster=ClusteraccountTEMPpathMessagesgreaterthan4KBinsizeareconvertedthroughtheuseofatemporaryfileondiskExchangeServer白手起家系列系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程TuneAntivirusScannersGetlatestadvicefromyourantivirusvendoronoptimumconfigurationforyourserverNumberofScanningThreadsMemory/diskfilesizethresholdRemembertokeepyourantivirusbinariesup-to-dateAvoidsproblemssuchasVirtualmemoryfragmentationNondpoolerrorsServicefailuresExchangeServer白手起家系列系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程OnlineMaintenanceScheduleSkewonlinemaintenanceforlargemailboxserverssothereisatleasta

15minutegapbetweenstarttimesSkewonlinemaintenanceandonlinebackupschedulesothatthereiszerooverlapBackupwillkillmaintenancethreadsiftheycollideAlwaysmakesurethatonlinemaintenancegetsachancetorunNeverdisableonlinemaintenanceExchangeServer白手起家系列系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程LogBufferTuningExchangeServer2003defaultsto500buffers(at512bytes)/?id=328466

Ifdisklatenciesarereasonable,butlogstallsarehigh,increaselogbuffervalueinActiveDirectoryThisisespeciallycriticalfordeploymentsthatusereplicatedstorageUseamultipleof64andnevermorethan9000StoragegroupgreaterthanmsExchESEParamLogBuffersExchangeServer白手起家系列系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程MailboxStoreCacheStorehasatwohourcacheforre-readingmailboxconfigurationsettingsMailboxlimitsandthresholdsUsetheMailboxCacheAgeLimitregistryparametertoreducewaittime/?id=327378

ExchangeServer白手起家系列系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程UseDedicatedRoutingServersQueuingmessagesusepagedpoolmemoryandincreaseCPUutilizationEnsurethatlargemailboxserverscanimmediatelyoffloadmessagestoalocaldedicatedroutingserverForroutingservers,splitSimpleMailTransferProtocol(SMTP)queueontodedicatedfastdiskOnlyimplementCheckConnectorRestrictionsregistryparameteronroutingserversExchangeServer白手起家系列系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程ReduceLinkStateSizeAvoidcreatingorremovingroutinggroupsUseREMONITOR–injecttonullifyolddataifnecessary(MicrosoftProductSupportServicestool)WatchoutforoscillatingconnectionsUseSuppressStateChangesregistryparametertopreventaserverfrombroadcastingchanges/?id=832281

ExchangeServer白手起家系列系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程Avoid7-bitConversionsPairsofExchangeServer2003bridgeheadsinanativemodeorganizationperform8-bitbinaryMIMEtransferstoeachotheroverExchangeServerRoutingGroupconnectorsAllothercombinationswillforceeachmessagetogothrough7-bitconversionsresultingin30%additionalbytesonthewireExchangeServer白手起家系列系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程ImplementMessageSizeLimitsLargemessagescanmonopolizeExchangeserversSetsensiblelimitsinglobalsettingsCanExchangeprocessmessagesofanysize?OnlysetSMTPlevellimitsonincomingbridgeheadserversImplementMaxDSNSizeifyouarenotrunningExchangeServer2003SP1ExchangeServer白手起家系列系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程CheckIPStackConfigurationWatchfortyposonDNSandWindowsInternetNameService(WINS)addressesFallbacktobroadcastingAlwaysensurethatprimaryDNSisavailableThereisa30%reductioninmailflowperformanceifsecondaryDNSisusedExchangeServer白手起家系列系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程UnderstandClientAdd-InsManyadd-instoOutlookwilldramaticallyincreasetheloadontheserverRe-calculateIOPSUseExMontooltotraceusers/exchange/downloads

Value-addservicessuchasBlackberryusuallyrequirestore-leveltuning/?id=216076EnsurethelatestCollaborationData