四川盆地上奧陶統(tǒng)五峰組-下志留統(tǒng)龍馬溪組頁巖關(guān)鍵礦物成巖演化及其控儲作用

四川盆地上奧陶統(tǒng)五峰組—下志留統(tǒng)龍馬溪組頁巖關(guān)鍵礦物成巖演化及其控儲作用一、本文概述Overviewofthisarticle本文旨在深入研究和探討四川盆地上奧陶統(tǒng)五峰組至下志留統(tǒng)龍馬溪組頁巖的關(guān)鍵礦物成巖演化過程，以及這些過程如何控制儲層的形成和分布。四川盆地作為中國西南地區(qū)的一個重要沉積盆地，其頁巖氣資源的勘探和開發(fā)對于我國能源結(jié)構(gòu)的優(yōu)化和清潔能源的發(fā)展具有重要意義。五峰組和龍馬溪組頁巖作為四川盆地頁巖氣勘探的主要目標(biāo)層位，其成巖演化和儲層特性研究對于提高頁巖氣勘探成功率和開發(fā)效益具有關(guān)鍵作用。Thisarticleaimstoconductin-depthresearchandexplorationonthekeymineraldiageneticevolutionprocessesofshalefromtheUpperOrdovicianWufengFormationtotheLowerSilurianLongmaxiFormationintheSichuanBasin,andhowtheseprocessescontroltheformationanddistributionofreservoirs.AsanimportantsedimentarybasininsouthwesternChina,theexplorationanddevelopmentofshalegasresourcesintheSichuanBasinareofgreatsignificancefortheoptimizationofChina'senergystructureandthedevelopmentofcleanenergy.TheWufengFormationandLongmaxiFormationshalearethemaintargetlayersforshalegasexplorationintheSichuanBasin.Thestudyoftheirdiageneticevolutionandreservoircharacteristicsplaysacrucialroleinimprovingthesuccessrateanddevelopmentefficiencyofshalegasexploration.本文首先通過詳細(xì)的野外地質(zhì)調(diào)查和巖心觀察，結(jié)合巖石學(xué)、礦物學(xué)、地球化學(xué)等多學(xué)科的理論和方法，對五峰組和龍馬溪組頁巖的巖性、巖石學(xué)特征、礦物組成和分布進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)的分析。在此基礎(chǔ)上，重點探討頁巖中關(guān)鍵礦物的成巖演化過程，包括礦物的形成、轉(zhuǎn)化、交代和溶解等過程，以及這些過程對頁巖儲層物性、孔隙結(jié)構(gòu)、滲透率等關(guān)鍵儲層參數(shù)的影響。Thisarticlefirstsystematicallyanalyzesthelithology,petrologicalcharacteristics,mineralcomposition,anddistributionofshaleintheWufengandLongmaxiformationsthroughdetailedfieldgeologicalsurveysandcoreobservations,combinedwiththeoriesandmethodsfrommultipledisciplinessuchaspetrology,mineralogy,andgeochemistry.Onthisbasis,thefocusisonexploringthediageneticevolutionprocessofkeymineralsinshale,includingtheformation,transformation,metasomatism,anddissolutionofminerals,aswellastheimpactoftheseprocessesonkeyreservoirparameterssuchasshalereservoirproperties,porestructure,andpermeability.本文還將關(guān)注成巖演化過程中各種地質(zhì)因素（如溫度、壓力、流體性質(zhì)等）對礦物成巖演化的控制作用，以及這些地質(zhì)因素如何與頁巖儲層的形成和分布相互作用。通過對這些控制因素的分析，可以更深入地理解頁巖儲層的形成機(jī)制和分布規(guī)律，為頁巖氣勘探和開發(fā)提供更為準(zhǔn)確的地質(zhì)依據(jù)。Thisarticlewillalsofocusonthecontrolofvariousgeologicalfactors(suchastemperature,pressure,fluidproperties,etc.)onmineraldiageneticevolutionduringtheprocessofdiagenesis,andhowthesegeologicalfactorsinteractwiththeformationanddistributionofshalereservoirs.Byanalyzingthesecontrolfactors,wecangainadeeperunderstandingoftheformationmechanismanddistributionpatternsofshalereservoirs,providingmoreaccurategeologicalbasisforshalegasexplorationanddevelopment.本文旨在通過系統(tǒng)的研究和分析，揭示四川盆地上奧陶統(tǒng)五峰組至下志留統(tǒng)龍馬溪組頁巖的關(guān)鍵礦物成巖演化過程及其控儲作用，為頁巖氣資源的勘探和開發(fā)提供理論基礎(chǔ)和技術(shù)支持。ThisarticleaimstorevealthekeymineraldiageneticevolutionprocessandreservoircontrolofshalefromtheUpperOrdovicianWufengFormationtotheLowerSilurianLongmaxiFormationintheSichuanBasinthroughsystematicresearchandanalysis,providingtheoreticalbasisandtechnicalsupportfortheexplorationanddevelopmentofshalegasresources.二、關(guān)鍵礦物成巖演化研究Researchonthediageneticevolutionofkeyminerals四川盆地上奧陶統(tǒng)五峰組—下志留統(tǒng)龍馬溪組頁巖，作為中國南方重要的烴源巖和儲層，其成巖演化過程及其與儲層物性的關(guān)系一直是研究的熱點。本研究針對這一地區(qū)的關(guān)鍵礦物，深入探討了其成巖演化的過程及其控儲作用。TheshaleoftheUpperOrdovicianWufengFormationandLowerSilurianLongmaxiFormationintheSichuanBasin,asanimportantsourcerockandreservoirinsouthernChina,hasalwaysbeenahotresearchtopicintermsofitsdiageneticevolutionprocessanditsrelationshipwithreservoirproperties.Thisstudyfocusesonthekeymineralsinthisregionandexploresindepththeprocessoftheirdiageneticevolutionandtheircontrollingstorageeffects.在成巖演化的研究中，我們首先識別了頁巖中的主要礦物成分，包括石英、粘土礦物、碳酸鹽礦物等。這些礦物的成因、來源及其在成巖過程中的轉(zhuǎn)化與演化是研究的重點。通過詳細(xì)的巖石學(xué)觀察、礦物學(xué)分析以及地球化學(xué)研究，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)五峰組—龍馬溪組頁巖經(jīng)歷了從沉積到成巖的復(fù)雜過程。在這個過程中，礦物成分發(fā)生了顯著的變化，如石英經(jīng)歷了壓實和溶解作用，粘土礦物則經(jīng)歷了轉(zhuǎn)化和重結(jié)晶過程。Inthestudyofdiageneticevolution,wefirstidentifiedthemainmineralcomponentsinshale,includingquartz,clayminerals,carbonateminerals,etc.Theorigin,sources,andtransformationandevolutionofthesemineralsduringdiagenesisarethefocusofresearch.Throughdetailedpetrologicalobservation,mineralogicalanalysis,andgeochemicalresearch,wehavefoundthattheshaleoftheWufengLongmaxiFormationhasundergoneacomplexprocessfromsedimentationtodiagenesis.Duringthisprocess,significantchangesoccurinmineralcomposition,suchasquartzundergoingcompactionanddissolution,andclaymineralsundergoingtransformationandrecrystallization.我們還重點研究了成巖過程中關(guān)鍵礦物的演化及其對儲層物性的影響。例如，粘土礦物的轉(zhuǎn)化和重結(jié)晶過程中，頁巖的孔隙度和滲透率發(fā)生了顯著變化。這種變化不僅影響了頁巖的儲油能力，還對其油氣的運(yùn)移和聚集產(chǎn)生了重要影響。Wealsofocusedonstudyingtheevolutionofkeymineralsduringdiagenesisandtheirimpactonreservoirproperties.Forexample,duringthetransformationandrecrystallizationprocessofclayminerals,theporosityandpermeabilityofshaleundergosignificantchanges.Thischangenotonlyaffectstheoilstoragecapacityofshale,butalsohasasignificantimpactonitsoilandgasmigrationandaccumulation.為了更好地理解這一過程，我們還利用了一系列現(xiàn)代分析技術(shù)，如掃描電子顯微鏡（SEM）、射線衍射（RD）和能譜分析（EDS）等，對頁巖的微觀結(jié)構(gòu)和礦物組成進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)分析。這些分析為我們提供了關(guān)于成巖演化過程的直接證據(jù)，并加深了我們對這一過程的理解。Inordertobetterunderstandthisprocess,wealsoutilizedaseriesofmodernanalyticaltechniquessuchasscanningelectronmicroscopy(SEM),X-raydiffraction(RD),andenergydispersivespectroscopy(EDS)toconductadetailedanalysisofthemicrostructureandmineralcompositionofshale.Theseanalysesprovideuswithdirectevidenceabouttheprocessofdiageneticevolutionanddeepenourunderstandingofthisprocess.五峰組—龍馬溪組頁巖的關(guān)鍵礦物成巖演化是一個復(fù)雜的過程，涉及多種礦物的轉(zhuǎn)化和演化。這一過程不僅影響了頁巖的儲層物性，還對其油氣的生成、運(yùn)移和聚集產(chǎn)生了重要影響。因此，深入研究這一過程對于理解四川盆地頁巖氣藏的形成和分布具有重要意義。ThediageneticevolutionofkeymineralsintheshaleoftheWufengLongmaxiFormationisacomplexprocessinvolvingthetransformationandevolutionofmultipleminerals.Thisprocessnotonlyaffectsthereservoirpropertiesofshale,butalsohasasignificantimpactonitsoilandgasgeneration,migration,andaccumulation.Therefore,in-depthstudyofthisprocessisofgreatsignificanceforunderstandingtheformationanddistributionofshalegasreservoirsintheSichuanBasin.三、關(guān)鍵礦物對儲層的控制作用Thecontroleffectofkeymineralsonreservoirs四川盆地上奧陶統(tǒng)五峰組—下志留統(tǒng)龍馬溪組頁巖儲層的關(guān)鍵礦物主要包括粘土礦物、石英、碳酸鹽礦物和有機(jī)質(zhì)等。這些礦物的成巖演化過程對儲層的物性、孔隙結(jié)構(gòu)和油氣儲集能力具有重要影響。ThekeymineralsintheshalereservoirsoftheUpperOrdovicianWufengFormationandLowerSilurianLongmaxiFormationintheSichuanBasinmainlyincludeclayminerals,quartz,carbonateminerals,andorganicmatter.Thediageneticevolutionprocessofthesemineralshasasignificantimpactonthephysicalproperties,porestructure,andoilandgasstoragecapacityofthereservoir.粘土礦物是頁巖儲層中最主要的雜基成分，其含量和分布特征對儲層孔隙度和滲透率具有顯著影響。在成巖過程中，粘土礦物的轉(zhuǎn)化和重結(jié)晶作用會導(dǎo)致儲層孔隙的減少和喉道的堵塞，從而降低儲層的儲集能力。粘土礦物的膨脹和收縮作用還會引起儲層裂縫的發(fā)育，進(jìn)一步影響儲層的連通性和油氣運(yùn)移。Claymineralsarethemainimpuritiesinshalereservoirs,andtheircontentanddistributioncharacteristicshaveasignificantimpactonreservoirporosityandpermeability.Duringthediagenesisprocess,thetransformationandrecrystallizationofclaymineralscanleadtoareductioninreservoirporesandblockageofthroats,therebyreducingthereservoir'sstoragecapacity.Theexpansionandcontractionofclaymineralscanalsocausethedevelopmentofreservoirfractures,furtheraffectingreservoirconnectivityandoilandgasmigration.石英是頁巖儲層中的主要骨架礦物，其含量和形態(tài)對儲層的抗壓實能力和穩(wěn)定性具有重要作用。在成巖過程中，石英顆粒的溶解和再沉淀作用可以形成次生孔隙，增加儲層的孔隙度和滲透率。同時，石英顆粒的定向排列和顆粒間的緊密接觸可以提高儲層的抗壓實能力，有利于保持儲層的孔隙結(jié)構(gòu)和儲集能力。Quartzisthemainskeletonmineralinshalereservoirs,anditscontentandmorphologyplayanimportantroleintheanticompactionabilityandstabilityofthereservoir.Duringthediagenesisprocess,thedissolutionandreprecipitationofquartzparticlescanformsecondarypores,increasingtheporosityandpermeabilityofthereservoir.Atthesametime,thedirectionalarrangementofquartzparticlesandtheclosecontactbetweenparticlescanimprovethecompactionresistanceofthereservoir,whichisbeneficialformaintainingtheporestructureandstoragecapacityofthereservoir.碳酸鹽礦物是頁巖儲層中的重要組分之一，其含量和類型對儲層的物性和油氣儲集能力具有重要影響。在成巖過程中，碳酸鹽礦物的溶解和再沉淀作用可以形成溶蝕孔和溶洞，增加儲層的孔隙度和儲集空間。碳酸鹽礦物的膠結(jié)作用還可以增強(qiáng)儲層顆粒間的聯(lián)結(jié)力，提高儲層的穩(wěn)定性和抗壓實能力。Carbonatemineralsareoneoftheimportantcomponentsinshalereservoirs,andtheircontentandtypehaveasignificantimpactonthephysicalpropertiesandoilandgasstoragecapacityofthereservoir.Duringthediagenesisprocess,thedissolutionandreprecipitationofcarbonatemineralscanformdissolutionporesandcaves,increasingtheporosityandstoragespaceofthereservoir.Thecementationeffectofcarbonatemineralscanalsoenhancethebondingforcebetweenreservoirparticles,improvethestabilityandcompactionresistanceofthereservoir.有機(jī)質(zhì)是頁巖儲層中的重要組成部分，其含量和類型對儲層的油氣生成和運(yùn)移具有重要影響。在成巖過程中，有機(jī)質(zhì)的熱演化和生烴作用可以形成油氣藏，增加儲層的油氣儲集能力。有機(jī)質(zhì)的分解和轉(zhuǎn)化作用還可以形成微裂縫和微孔隙，增加儲層的連通性和滲透率。Organicmatterisanimportantcomponentofshalereservoirs,anditscontentandtypehaveasignificantimpactonthegenerationandmigrationofoilandgasinthereservoir.Duringthediagenesisprocess,thethermalevolutionandhydrocarbongenerationoforganicmattercanformoilandgasreservoirs,increasingthereservoir'soilandgasstoragecapacity.Thedecompositionandtransformationoforganicmattercanalsoformmicrocracksandmicropores,increasingreservoirconnectivityandpermeability.關(guān)鍵礦物的成巖演化過程對四川盆地上奧陶統(tǒng)五峰組—下志留統(tǒng)龍馬溪組頁巖儲層的物性、孔隙結(jié)構(gòu)和油氣儲集能力具有重要影響。在儲層評價和油氣勘探開發(fā)中，應(yīng)充分考慮關(guān)鍵礦物的成巖演化特征及其對儲層的控制作用，以提高儲層評價和油氣勘探開發(fā)的準(zhǔn)確性和有效性。Thediageneticevolutionprocessofkeymineralshasasignificantimpactonthephysicalproperties,porestructure,andoilandgasstoragecapacityofshalereservoirsintheUpperOrdovicianWufengFormationandLowerSilurianLongmaxiFormationintheSichuanBasin.Inreservoirevaluationandoilandgasexplorationanddevelopment,thediageneticevolutioncharacteristicsofkeymineralsandtheircontroloverthereservoirshouldbefullyconsideredtoimprovetheaccuracyandeffectivenessofreservoirevaluationandoilandgasexplorationanddevelopment.四、實例分析Exampleanalysis以四川盆地東部某區(qū)塊為例，對該區(qū)塊內(nèi)上奧陶統(tǒng)五峰組和下志留統(tǒng)龍馬溪組頁巖進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的實例分析。該區(qū)塊地質(zhì)條件復(fù)雜，頁巖儲層發(fā)育良好，具有較高的頁巖氣勘探潛力。TakingablockintheeasternpartoftheSichuanBasinasanexample,adetailedcaseanalysiswasconductedontheshaleoftheUpperOrdovicianWufengFormationandtheLowerSilurianLongmaxiFormationintheblock.Thegeologicalconditionsofthisblockarecomplex,withwell-developedshalereservoirsandhighpotentialforshalegasexploration.通過對該區(qū)塊的頁巖樣品進(jìn)行鏡下觀察、射線衍射分析、掃描電鏡等綜合分析手段，揭示了關(guān)鍵礦物如石英、粘土礦物、碳酸鹽礦物等的成巖演化過程。石英在成巖過程中經(jīng)歷了壓實作用、溶蝕作用和次生加大等演化過程，粘土礦物則主要經(jīng)歷了壓實作用、轉(zhuǎn)化作用和重結(jié)晶作用，碳酸鹽礦物則主要以溶蝕作用為主。這些成巖演化過程對頁巖的儲層物性產(chǎn)生了顯著影響。Throughcomprehensiveanalysismethodssuchasmicroscopicobservation,X-raydiffractionanalysis,andscanningelectronmicroscopy,thediageneticevolutionprocessofkeymineralssuchasquartz,clayminerals,andcarbonatemineralsintheshalesamplesoftheblockwasrevealed.Quartzundergoesevolutionprocessessuchascompaction,dissolution,andsecondaryenlargementduringdiagenesis,whileclaymineralsmainlyundergocompaction,transformation,andrecrystallization,whilecarbonatemineralsmainlyundergodissolution.Thesediageneticevolutionprocesseshaveasignificantimpactonthereservoirpropertiesofshale.在成巖演化的不同階段，儲層的孔隙度、滲透率等物性參數(shù)發(fā)生了明顯變化。壓實作用導(dǎo)致儲層孔隙度減小，滲透率降低；溶蝕作用則形成了大量的次生孔隙，提高了儲層的孔隙度和滲透率；次生加大和重結(jié)晶作用則進(jìn)一步改變了儲層的微觀結(jié)構(gòu)，對儲層物性產(chǎn)生了復(fù)雜的影響。Atdifferentstagesofdiageneticevolution,physicalparameterssuchasporosityandpermeabilityofreservoirsundergosignificantchanges.Thecompactioneffectleadstoadecreaseinreservoirporosityandpermeability;Thedissolutionprocessformsalargenumberofsecondarypores,whichincreasestheporosityandpermeabilityofthereservoir;Thesecondaryenlargementandrecrystallizationfurtheralterthemicrostructureofthereservoirandhaveacompleximpactonitsphysicalproperties.關(guān)鍵礦物的成巖演化還受到多種因素的控制，如沉積環(huán)境、成巖流體性質(zhì)、溫度壓力條件等。通過對這些因素的綜合分析，可以更深入地理解成巖演化對儲層物性的控制作用。Thediageneticevolutionofkeymineralsisalsocontrolledbyvariousfactors,suchassedimentaryenvironment,diageneticfluidproperties,temperatureandpressureconditions,etc.Bycomprehensivelyanalyzingthesefactors,wecangainadeeperunderstandingofthecontrollingroleofdiageneticevolutiononreservoirproperties.通過對四川盆地東部某區(qū)塊上奧陶統(tǒng)五峰組和下志留統(tǒng)龍馬溪組頁巖的實例分析，揭示了關(guān)鍵礦物成巖演化及其對儲層物性的控制作用。這為頁巖氣勘探開發(fā)提供了重要的理論依據(jù)和實踐指導(dǎo)。ThroughcaseanalysisoftheUpperOrdovicianWufengFormationandLowerSilurianLongmaxiFormationshaleinacertainblockintheeasternSichuanBasin,thediageneticevolutionofkeymineralsandtheircontroloverreservoirpropertieswererevealed.Thisprovidesimportanttheoreticalbasisandpracticalguidanceforshalegasexplorationanddevelopment.五、結(jié)論與建議Conclusionandrecommendations本研究通過對四川盆地上奧陶統(tǒng)五峰組—下志留統(tǒng)龍馬溪組頁巖的詳細(xì)分析，揭示了關(guān)鍵礦物的成巖演化過程及其對儲層物性的控制作用。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，頁巖中的礦物成分、成巖作用類型及其演化過程對儲層物性具有顯著影響。具體而言，頁巖中硅質(zhì)、鈣質(zhì)和粘土礦物的含量及分布特征控制了儲層的孔隙度、滲透率和含氣性。成巖作用類型如壓實作用、膠結(jié)作用、溶蝕作用等在不同階段對儲層物性產(chǎn)生了不同的影響。壓實作用和膠結(jié)作用常導(dǎo)致儲層物性變差，而溶蝕作用則有助于改善儲層物性。ThisstudyrevealsthediageneticevolutionprocessofkeymineralsandtheircontroloverreservoirpropertiesthroughadetailedanalysisofshalefromtheUpperOrdovicianWufengFormationtotheLowerSilurianLongmaxiFormationintheSichuanBasin.Researchhasfoundthatthemineralcomposition,diagenetictypes,andevolutionaryprocessesinshalehaveasignificantimpactonreservoirproperties.Specifically,thecontentanddistributioncharacteristicsofsiliceous,calcareous,andclaymineralsinshalecontroltheporosity,permeability,andgascontentofreservoirs.Thetypesofdiagenesis,suchascompaction,cementation,anddissolution,havedifferentimpactsonreservoirpropertiesatdifferentstages.Compactionandcementationoftenleadtodeteriorationofreservoirproperties,whiledissolutionhelpstoimprovereservoirproperties.在頁巖氣勘探開發(fā)過程中，應(yīng)充分考慮關(guān)鍵礦物的成巖演化過程及其對儲層物性的控制作用，以提高勘探開發(fā)效果。Intheprocessofshalegasexplorationanddevelopment,fullconsiderationshouldbegiventothediageneticevolu