新中國司法制度的歷史演變與司法改革

新中國司法制度的歷史演變與司法改革一、本文概述Overviewofthisarticle《新中國司法制度的歷史演變與司法改革》這篇文章旨在深入剖析自新中國成立以來，我國司法制度所經(jīng)歷的歷史演變與司法改革。司法制度作為國家治理體系的重要組成部分，其演變與改革對于維護社會穩(wěn)定、保障人民權(quán)益、促進法治建設(shè)具有重要意義。本文將通過梳理新中國成立以來司法制度的發(fā)展歷程，分析各個階段的特點與成就，探討當前司法改革的方向與目標，以期為我國司法制度的進一步完善提供有益參考。Thearticle"TheHistoricalEvolutionandJudicialReformoftheJudicialSysteminNewChina"aimstodeeplyanalyzethehistoricalevolutionandjudicialreformofChina'sjudicialsystemsincetheestablishmentofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.Asanimportantcomponentofthenationalgovernancesystem,theevolutionandreformofthejudicialsystemareofgreatsignificanceformaintainingsocialstability,safeguardingpeople'srightsandinterests,andpromotingtheconstructionoftheruleoflaw.ThisarticlewillanalyzethedevelopmentprocessofthejudicialsystemsincetheestablishmentofNewChina,thecharacteristicsandachievementsofeachstage,andexplorethedirectionandgoalsofcurrentjudicialreform,inordertoprovideusefulreferencesforthefurtherimprovementofChina'sjudicialsystem.本文將按照時間順序，從新中國成立初期開始，逐步分析各個歷史時期司法制度的主要變化。從建國初期的法制建設(shè)，到改革開放后的司法體制改革，再到新時代的全面依法治國戰(zhàn)略，每一個階段都體現(xiàn)了司法制度對時代背景的回應與適應。文章將重點關(guān)注司法制度在組織架構(gòu)、審判方式、司法公開、司法保障等方面的改革與創(chuàng)新，以及這些改革對提升司法公正、效率、公信力等方面的影響。ThisarticlewillanalyzethemainchangesinthejudicialsystemindifferenthistoricalperiodsstartingfromtheearlydaysofthefoundingofNewChinainchronologicalorder.FromtheconstructionofthelegalsystemintheearlydaysofthefoundingofthePeople'sRepublicofChina,tothereformofthejudicialsystemafterthereformandopeningup,andtothecomprehensivestrategyofruleoflawinthenewera,eachstagereflectstheresponseandadaptationofthejudicialsystemtothebackgroundofthetimes.Thearticlewillfocusonthereformandinnovationofthejudicialsystemintermsoforganizationalstructure,trialmethods,judicialtransparency,judicialprotection,andtheimpactofthesereformsonimprovingjudicialfairness,efficiency,credibility,andotheraspects.本文還將對新中國司法制度的歷史演變與司法改革進行反思與展望。在總結(jié)歷史經(jīng)驗的基礎(chǔ)上，分析當前司法制度面臨的挑戰(zhàn)與問題，提出針對性的改革建議。展望未來，我國司法制度將繼續(xù)堅持全面依法治國戰(zhàn)略，推動司法體制改革向縱深發(fā)展，為實現(xiàn)社會公平正義、維護國家長治久安提供堅強保障。ThisarticlewillalsoreflectandlookforwardtothehistoricalevolutionandjudicialreformofthejudicialsysteminNewChina.Basedonsummarizinghistoricalexperience,analyzethechallengesandproblemsfacedbythecurrentjudicialsystem,andproposetargetedreformsuggestions.Lookingaheadtothefuture,China'sjudicialsystemwillcontinuetoadheretothestrategyofcomprehensiveruleoflaw,promotethedeepeningofjudicialsystemreform,andprovidestrongguaranteesforachievingsocialfairnessandjusticeandmaintaininglong-termnationalstability.二、新中國司法制度的初創(chuàng)階段（1949-1957年）TheInitialStageoftheJudicialSysteminNewChina(1949-1957)1949年，中華人民共和國的成立標志著新中國司法制度的初創(chuàng)階段的開始。在這個時期，新中國的司法制度在破舊立新的基礎(chǔ)上，逐步建立起一套適應社會主義革命和建設(shè)需要的司法體系。In1949,theestablishmentofthePeople'sRepublicofChinamarkedthebeginningoftheinitialstageofthejudicialsysteminNewChina.Duringthisperiod,thejudicialsystemofNewChinagraduallyestablishedasetofjudicialsystemsthatmettheneedsofsocialistrevolutionandconstructiononthebasisofbreakingthroughtheoldandestablishingthenew.在初創(chuàng)階段，新中國的司法制度面臨著艱巨的任務。一方面，要打破舊中國半殖民地半封建社會的司法制度，另一方面，要建立起符合人民民主專政要求的司法制度。為了實現(xiàn)這一目標，新中國在司法制度上進行了一系列的改革和創(chuàng)新。Intheinitialstage,thejudicialsystemofNewChinafacedarduoustasks.Ontheonehand,weneedtobreakthejudicialsystemofthesemicolonialandsemifeudalsocietyinoldChina,andontheotherhand,weneedtoestablishajudicialsystemthatmeetstherequirementsofpeople'sdemocraticdictatorship.Inordertoachievethisgoal,NewChinahascarriedoutaseriesofreformsandinnovationsinthejudicialsystem.新中國廢除了舊法統(tǒng)，清除了舊司法制度中的反動因素。通過廢除國民黨政府的六法全書，新中國徹底擺脫了舊法統(tǒng)的束縛，為建立新的司法制度奠定了基礎(chǔ)。TheNewChinaabolishedtheoldlegalsystemandeliminatedthereactionaryfactorsintheoldjudicialsystem.ByabolishingtheSixLawsoftheKuomintanggovernment,NewChinacompletelyfreeditselffromtheconstraintsoftheoldlegalsystemandlaidthefoundationfortheestablishmentofanewjudicialsystem.新中國建立了人民司法制度，實行人民民主專政。在新中國的司法制度中，人民是司法的主體，司法機關(guān)由人民選舉產(chǎn)生，對人民負責。這一制度的確立，保證了司法工作的人民性和民主性。NewChinahasestablishedapeople'sjudicialsystemandimplementedpeople'sdemocraticdictatorship.InthejudicialsystemofNewChina,thepeoplearethemainbodyofthejudiciary,andjudicialorgansareelectedbythepeopleandareresponsibletothepeople.Theestablishmentofthissystemensuresthepeople-orientedanddemocraticnatureofjudicialwork.新中國還建立了審判制度和檢察制度。審判制度實行四級兩審終審制，保證了審判工作的公正和效率。檢察制度則實行垂直領(lǐng)導體制，加強了檢察機關(guān)對審判工作的監(jiān)督。NewChinaalsoestablishedatrialandprosecutionsystem.Thetrialsystemimplementsafourlevel,twoinstance,andfinaltrialsystem,ensuringthefairnessandefficiencyofthetrialwork.Theprocuratorialsystemimplementsaverticalleadershipsystem,whichstrengthensthesupervisionoftheprocuratorialorgansoverthetrialwork.在初創(chuàng)階段，新中國的司法制度還面臨著一些困難和挑戰(zhàn)。例如，司法人員的素質(zhì)參差不齊，司法資源有限等。然而，在黨和政府的領(lǐng)導下，新中國通過不斷加強司法人員的培訓和教育，提高司法人員的素質(zhì)和能力；通過優(yōu)化司法資源配置，提高司法工作的效率和質(zhì)量。Intheinitialstage,thejudicialsystemofNewChinastillfacedsomedifficultiesandchallenges.Forexample,thequalityofjudicialpersonnelvaries,andjudicialresourcesarelimited.However,undertheleadershipofthePartyandthegovernment,NewChinacontinuouslystrengthenedthetrainingandeducationofjudicialpersonnel,improvingtheirqualityandabilities;Byoptimizingtheallocationofjudicialresources,wecanimprovetheefficiencyandqualityofjudicialwork.新中國司法制度的初創(chuàng)階段是一個充滿挑戰(zhàn)和機遇的階段。在這個階段，新中國通過廢除舊法統(tǒng)、建立人民司法制度、審判制度和檢察制度等措施，逐步建立起一套適應社會主義革命和建設(shè)需要的司法體系。雖然面臨著一些困難和挑戰(zhàn)，但新中國在黨和政府的領(lǐng)導下，通過不斷努力和探索，成功地實現(xiàn)了司法制度的初創(chuàng)和轉(zhuǎn)型。TheinitialstageofthejudicialsysteminNewChinawasfullofchallengesandopportunities.Atthisstage,NewChinagraduallyestablishedajudicialsystemthatmettheneedsofsocialistrevolutionandconstructionbyabolishingtheoldlegalsystem,establishingapeople'sjudicialsystem,trialsystem,andprocuratorialsystem,andothermeasures.Althoughfacingsomedifficultiesandchallenges,undertheleadershipofthePartyandthegovernment,NewChinahassuccessfullyachievedtheestablishmentandtransformationofthejudicialsystemthroughcontinuouseffortsandexploration.三、司法制度的曲折發(fā)展階段（1958-1978年）Thetortuousdevelopmentstageofthejudicialsystem(1958-1978)在1958年至1978年的二十年間，中國的司法制度經(jīng)歷了曲折的發(fā)展階段。這一時期的司法制度受到了政治運動的深刻影響，經(jīng)歷了多次重大的變革和調(diào)整。Duringthetwentyyearsfrom1958to1978,China'sjudicialsystemwentthroughatortuousstageofdevelopment.Thejudicialsystemduringthisperiodwasdeeplyinfluencedbypoliticalmovementsandunderwentmultiplesignificantchangesandadjustments.1958年，中國進入了“大躍進”時期，法制建設(shè)受到了一定的沖擊。在“大躍進”的背景下，司法制度也進行了相應的調(diào)整，以適應當時的社會經(jīng)濟形勢。然而，由于“大躍進”運動本身的錯誤，這種調(diào)整并沒有帶來司法制度的實質(zhì)性進步，反而導致了一些混亂和失誤。In1958,ChinaenteredtheperiodoftheGreatLeapForward,anditslegalsystemconstructionwassomewhatimpacted.InthecontextoftheGreatLeapForward,thejudicialsystemalsounderwentcorrespondingadjustmentstoadapttothesocio-economicsituationatthattime.However,duetothemistakesoftheGreatLeapForwardmovementitself,thisadjustmentdidnotbringsubstantialprogresstothejudicialsystem,butinsteadledtosomeconfusionandmistakes.隨后，文化大革命的爆發(fā)進一步加劇了司法制度的困境。在這一時期，法制被嚴重破壞，司法制度陷入了混亂和停滯的狀態(tài)。法院、檢察院等司法機關(guān)的正常職能被嚴重削弱，司法公正和司法獨立受到了嚴重挑戰(zhàn)。許多無辜的人被錯誤地定罪和處罰，司法制度的公信力受到了嚴重損害。Subsequently,theoutbreakoftheCulturalRevolutionfurtherexacerbatedthedifficultiesofthejudicialsystem.Duringthisperiod,thelegalsystemwasseverelydisrupted,andthejudicialsystemfellintoastateofchaosandstagnation.Thenormalfunctionsofjudicialorganssuchascourtsandprocuratorateshavebeenseverelyweakened,andjudicialfairnessandindependencehavebeenseriouslychallenged.Manyinnocentpeoplehavebeenwronglyconvictedandpunished,andthecredibilityofthejudicialsystemhasbeenseverelydamaged.盡管在這一階段，司法制度遭受了嚴重的挫折和困難，但中國政府和人民并沒有放棄對法制建設(shè)的追求。在文化大革命結(jié)束后，中國開始逐步恢復和重建司法制度，努力恢復司法的公正和獨立。通過一系列的改革和調(diào)整，中國的司法制度逐漸走出了困境，開始向著更加健全和完善的方向發(fā)展。Despiteserioussetbacksanddifficultiesinthejudicialsystemduringthisstage,theChinesegovernmentandpeoplehavenotgivenuptheirpursuitoflegalconstruction.AftertheendoftheCulturalRevolution,Chinabegantograduallyrestoreandrebuilditsjudicialsystem,strivingtorestorethefairnessandindependenceofthejudiciary.Throughaseriesofreformsandadjustments,China'sjudicialsystemhasgraduallyemergedfromitspredicamentandbeguntodeveloptowardsamoresoundandperfectdirection.1958年至1978年這一階段的司法制度發(fā)展是曲折而艱難的。然而，正是在這樣的歷史背景下，中國政府和人民更加深刻地認識到了法制建設(shè)的重要性，也為后來的司法改革奠定了堅實的基礎(chǔ)。Thedevelopmentofthejudicialsystemfrom1958to1978wastortuousanddifficult.However,itisagainstthishistoricalbackgroundthattheChinesegovernmentandpeoplehavecometoadeeperunderstandingoftheimportanceoflegalconstruction,whichhasalsolaidasolidfoundationforsubsequentjudicialreforms.四、司法制度的恢復與重建階段（1978-1990年）TheRestorationandReconstructionStageoftheJudicialSystem(1978-1990)隨著1978年黨的十一屆三中全會的召開，中國進入了改革開放和社會主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)的新時期，司法制度也迎來了恢復與重建的重要階段。這一階段的主要任務是糾正“文化大革命”期間司法制度的混亂和破壞，恢復司法獨立和公正，逐步建立起適應社會主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)需要的司法體系。WiththeconveningoftheThirdPlenarySessionoftheEleventhCentralCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChinain1978,Chinaenteredaneweraofreformandopeningupandsocialistmodernizationconstruction,andthejudicialsystemalsoenteredanimportantstageofrestorationandreconstruction.ThemaintaskofthisstageistocorrectthechaosanddestructionofthejudicialsystemduringtheCulturalRevolution,restorejudicialindependenceandfairness,andgraduallyestablishajudicialsystemthatmeetstheneedsofsocialistmodernizationconstruction.司法獨立得到了逐步恢復。通過廢除“革命委員會”等非法審判機構(gòu)，恢復了人民法院和人民檢察院的正常職能，確保了司法機關(guān)依法獨立行使審判權(quán)和檢察權(quán)。同時，加強了對司法人員的培訓和教育，提高了司法隊伍的整體素質(zhì)。Judicialindependencehasbeengraduallyrestored.ByabolishingillegaljudicialinstitutionssuchastheRevolutionaryCommittee,thenormalfunctionsofthePeople'sCourtandthePeople'sProcuratoratehavebeenrestored,ensuringthatjudicialorgansindependentlyexercisetheirjudicialandprosecutorialpowersinaccordancewiththelaw.Atthesametime,thetrainingandeducationofjudicialpersonnelhavebeenstrengthened,andtheoverallqualityofthejudicialteamhasbeenimproved.司法公正得到了有力保障。通過制定和修訂一系列法律法規(guī)，如《刑事訴訟法》《民事訴訟法》等，明確了司法程序和標準，規(guī)范了司法行為，保障了公民的合法權(quán)益。同時，加強了對司法活動的監(jiān)督和制約，防止了司法腐敗和濫用職權(quán)現(xiàn)象的發(fā)生。Judicialfairnesshasbeeneffectivelyguaranteed.Byformulatingandrevisingaseriesoflawsandregulations,suchastheCriminalProcedureLawandtheCivilProcedureLaw,judicialproceduresandstandardshavebeenclarified,judicialbehaviorhasbeenstandardized,andthelegitimaterightsandinterestsofcitizenshavebeenprotected.Atthesametime,thesupervisionandrestraintofjudicialactivitieshavebeenstrengthened,andtheoccurrenceofjudicialcorruptionandabuseofpowerhasbeenprevented.司法體系得到了進一步完善。在這一階段，中國逐步建立起了包括審判機關(guān)、檢察機關(guān)、公安機關(guān)、司法行政機關(guān)等在內(nèi)的完整司法體系。各級司法機關(guān)之間形成了相互配合、相互制約的工作機制，確保了司法活動的協(xié)調(diào)性和一致性。Thejudicialsystemhasbeenfurtherimproved.Atthisstage,Chinagraduallyestablishedacompletejudicialsystem,includingjudicialorgans,procuratorialorgans,publicsecurityorgans,judicialadministrativeorgans,etc.Aworkingmechanismofmutualcooperationandrestrainthasbeenestablishedamongjudicialorgansatalllevels,ensuringthecoordinationandconsistencyofjudicialactivities.司法改革取得了初步成效。在這一階段，中國司法制度逐步走出了“文化大革命”的陰影，開始向著更加公正、高效、透明的方向發(fā)展。通過不斷深化改革，司法機關(guān)的辦案質(zhì)量和效率得到了顯著提高，人民群眾的司法需求得到了更好滿足。Thejudicialreformhasachievedinitialresults.Atthisstage,theChinesejudicialsystemgraduallyemergedfromtheshadowoftheCulturalRevolutionandbegantodeveloptowardsamorejust,efficient,andtransparentdirection.Throughcontinuousdeepeningofreforms,thequalityandefficiencyofhandlingcasesbyjudicialorganshavebeensignificantlyimproved,andthejudicialneedsofthepeoplehavebeenbettermet.1978年至1990年是中國司法制度恢復與重建的重要階段。通過糾正錯誤、恢復職能、完善體系、推進改革等一系列措施，中國司法制度逐步走上了健康發(fā)展的軌道，為后來的司法改革奠定了堅實基礎(chǔ)。Theperiodfrom1978to1990wasanimportantstagefortherestorationandreconstructionofChina'sjudicialsystem.Throughaseriesofmeasuressuchascorrectingerrors,restoringfunctions,improvingsystems,andpromotingreforms,China'sjudicialsystemhasgraduallyembarkedonahealthydevelopmenttrack,layingasolidfoundationforsubsequentjudicialreforms.五、司法制度的深化改革與創(chuàng)新階段（1991年至今）Thestageofdeepeningreformandinnovationofthejudicialsystem(since1991)自1991年起，中國司法制度進入了深化改革與創(chuàng)新的新階段。這一階段的改革不僅在深度和廣度上都有了顯著的進展，而且更加注重司法公正、獨立和效率，以滿足日益復雜多變的社會需求。Since1991,China'sjudicialsystemhasenteredanewstageofdeepeningreformandinnovation.Thisstageofreformhasnotonlymadesignificantprogressindepthandbreadth,butalsoplacedgreateremphasisonjudicialfairness,independence,andefficiencytomeettheincreasinglycomplexandchangingsocialneeds.在司法公正方面，中國加強了司法人員的職業(yè)道德建設(shè)和專業(yè)能力培訓，推行了法官、檢察官、人民警察等司法人員的職業(yè)資格考試和職務晉升機制，以提高司法隊伍的整體素質(zhì)。同時，中國還建立了審判公開、檢務公開、警務公開等制度，增強了司法透明度和公信力，保障了當事人的合法權(quán)益。Intermsofjudicialfairness,Chinahasstrengthenedtheconstructionofprofessionalethicsandprofessionalabilitytrainingforjudicialpersonnel,implementedprofessionalqualificationexamsandpromotionmechanismsforjudges,prosecutors,policeofficersandotherjudicialpersonnel,inordertoimprovetheoverallqualityofthejudicialteam.Atthesametime,Chinahasalsoestablishedsystemsforopentrials,publicprosecution,andpublicpolicing,enhancingjudicialtransparencyandcredibility,andsafeguardingthelegitimaterightsandinterestsofpartiesinvolved.在司法獨立方面，中國逐步改革了司法管理體制，加強了司法權(quán)對行政權(quán)的監(jiān)督和制約。例如，中國設(shè)立了最高人民法院巡回法庭和跨行政區(qū)劃的人民法院，打破了地方保護主義的束縛，維護了司法獨立和公正。中國還加強了司法審查權(quán)，對涉及公民基本權(quán)利的案件實行司法終審制度，確保了司法裁判的權(quán)威性和終局性。Intermsofjudicialindependence,Chinahasgraduallyreformeditsjudicialmanagementsystemandstrengthenedthesupervisionandrestraintofjudicialpoweroveradministrativepower.Forexample,ChinahasestablishedcircuitcourtsoftheSupremePeople'sCourtandpeople'scourtsacrossadministrativedivisions,breakingtheconstraintsoflocalprotectionismandmaintainingjudicialindependenceandfairness.Chinahasalsostrengtheneditsjudicialreviewpowerandimplementedafinaljudicialreviewsystemforcasesinvolvingbasicrightsofcitizens,ensuringtheauthorityandfinalityofjudicialjudgments.在司法效率方面，中國推行了一系列改革措施，如簡化訴訟程序、縮短審判周期、加強案件調(diào)解等，以提高司法效率和質(zhì)量。中國還建立了全國性的司法信息化平臺，實現(xiàn)了案件信息的電子化管理和遠程辦案，大大提高了司法工作的便捷性和高效性。Intermsofjudicialefficiency,Chinahasimplementedaseriesofreformmeasures,suchassimplifyinglitigationprocedures,shorteningtrialcycles,strengtheningcasemediation,etc.,toimprovejudicialefficiencyandquality.Chinahasalsoestablishedanationwidejudicialinformatizationplatform,achievingelectronicmanagementofcaseinformationandremotehandlingofcases,greatlyimprovingtheconvenienceandefficiencyofjudicialwork.在創(chuàng)新方面，中國積極探索司法制度的改革和創(chuàng)新路徑，推動司法制度與時俱進。例如，中國設(shè)立了知識產(chǎn)權(quán)法院、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)法院等新型法院，以適應新興產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展和變革。中國還推行了電子訴訟、在線調(diào)解等新型司法服務方式，為當事人提供更加便捷、高效的司法服務。Intermsofinnovation,Chinaactivelyexploresthereformandinnovationpathofthejudicialsystem,promotingthejudicialsystemtokeepupwiththetimes.Forexample,ChinahassetupnewcourtssuchasintellectualpropertycourtsandInternetcourtstoadapttothedevelopmentandreformofemergingindustries.Chinahasalsoimplementednewjudicialservicemethodssuchaselectroniclitigationandonlinemediation,providingmoreconvenientandefficientjudicialservicesforpartiesinvolved.自1991年至今的司法制度改革和創(chuàng)新階段是中國司法制度發(fā)展的重要時期。通過深化改革和創(chuàng)新實踐，中國司法制度不斷完善和發(fā)展，為維護社會公正、促進法治建設(shè)做出了重要貢獻。Thestageofjudicialsystemreformandinnovationsince1991hasbeenanimportantperiodforthedevelopmentofChina'sjudicialsystem.Throughdeepeningreformsandinnovativepractices,China'sjudicialsystemhascontinuouslyimprovedanddeveloped,makingimportantcontributionstomaintainingsocialjusticeandpromotingtheconstructionoftheruleoflaw.六、新中國司法制度的歷史演變與司法改革的經(jīng)驗教訓TheHistoricalEvolutionoftheJudicialSysteminNewChinaandtheLessonsLearnedfromJudicialReform新中國司法制度的歷史演變與司法改革，是一個充滿曲折與探索的過程。在這一過程中，我們積累了豐富的經(jīng)驗教訓，這些經(jīng)驗不僅對于進一步推動司法改革具有重要的指導意義，而且對于其他領(lǐng)域的改革也具有重要的借鑒意義。ThehistoricalevolutionandjudicialreformofthejudicialsysteminNewChinaisaprocessfulloftwistsandturnsandexplorations.Inthisprocess,wehaveaccumulatedrichexperiencesandlessons,whichnotonlyhaveimportantguidingsignificanceforfurtherpromotingjudicialreform,butalsohaveimportantreferencesignificanceforreformsinotherfields.必須堅持黨的領(lǐng)導，確保司法制度的正確方向。在新中國司法制度的歷史演變中，我們始終堅持黨的領(lǐng)導，確保了司法制度的正確方向。只有堅持黨的領(lǐng)導，才能確保司法制度的正確方向，才能確保司法權(quán)的人民性，才能確保司法制度的公正性和權(quán)威性。WemustadheretotheleadershipofthePartyandensurethecorrectdirectionofthejudicialsystem.InthehistoricalevolutionofthejudicialsysteminNewChina,wehavealwaysadheredtotheleadershipofthePartyandensuredthecorrectdirectionofthejudicialsystem.OnlybyadheringtotheleadershipofthePartycanweensurethecorrectdirectionofthejudicialsystem,thepeople-orientednatureofjudicialpower,andthefairnessandauthorityofthejudicialsystem.必須堅持以人民為中心，確保司法制度的公正性和權(quán)威性。司法制度的根本目的是維護人民的利益，因此，必須堅持以人民為中心，確保司法制度的公正性和權(quán)威性。只有堅持以人民為中心，才能確保司法制度真正為人民服務，才能確保司法制度的公正性和權(quán)威性。Wemustadheretoputtingthepeopleatthecenterandensurethefairnessandauthorityofthejudicialsystem.Thefundamentalpurposeofthejudicialsystemistosafeguardtheinterestsofthepeople,therefore,itisnecessarytoadheretothepeople-centeredapproachandensurethefairnessandauthorityofthejudicialsystem.Onlybyadheringtotheprincipleofputtingthepeopleatthecentercanweensurethatthejudicialsystemtrulyservesthepeopleandensurethefairnessandauthorityofthejudicialsystem.再次，必須堅持依法治國，確保司法制度的法治化。依法治國是我國的基本方略，也是司法制度改革的根本方向。只有堅持依法治國，才能確保司法制度的法治化，才能確保司法制度的公正性和權(quán)威性。Onceagain,wemustadheretotheruleoflawandensurethelegalizationofthejudicialsystem.Ruleoflawisthefundamentalstrategyofourcountryandthefundamentaldirectionofjudicialsystemreform.Onlybyadheringtotheruleoflawcanweensurethelegalizationofthejudicialsystem,aswellasthefairnessandauthorityofthejudicialsystem.必須堅持改革創(chuàng)新，不斷完善司法制度。司法制度的改革是一個不斷完善的過程，只有堅持改革創(chuàng)新，才能不斷完善司法制度，才能適應時代發(fā)展的需要。Wemustadheretoreformandinnovation,andcontinuouslyimprovethejudicialsystem.Thereformofthejudicialsystemisacontinuousprocessofimprovement.Onlybyadheringtoreformandinnovationcanthejudicialsystembecontinuouslyimprovedandadapttotheneedsofthetimes.新中國司法制度的歷史演變與司法改革，是一個充滿曲折與探索的過程。我們必須總結(jié)歷史經(jīng)驗教訓，堅持黨的領(lǐng)導、以人民為中心、依法治國和改革創(chuàng)新，不斷完善司法制度，為實現(xiàn)中華民族偉大復興的中國夢提供堅實的法治保障。ThehistoricalevolutionandjudicialreformofthejudicialsysteminNewChinaisaprocessfulloftwistsandturnsandexplorations.Wemustsummarizehistoricalexperienceandlessons,adheretotheleadershipoftheParty,putthepeopleatthecenter,governthecountryaccordingtolawandreform