秸稈還田條件下中國(guó)農(nóng)田土壤有機(jī)碳含量變化及其影響因素的Meta分析

秸稈還田條件下中國(guó)農(nóng)田土壤有機(jī)碳含量變化及其影響因素的Meta分析一、本文概述Overviewofthisarticle本文旨在通過Meta分析的方法，系統(tǒng)評(píng)估秸稈還田條件下中國(guó)農(nóng)田土壤有機(jī)碳含量變化的趨勢(shì)及其影響因素。Meta分析作為一種統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)方法，通過對(duì)多個(gè)獨(dú)立研究的結(jié)果進(jìn)行定量和定性綜合分析，能夠提供更全面、更準(zhǔn)確的科學(xué)結(jié)論。本文選取的研究對(duì)象為中國(guó)農(nóng)田，重點(diǎn)關(guān)注秸稈還田這一農(nóng)業(yè)管理措施對(duì)土壤有機(jī)碳含量的影響。ThisarticleaimstosystematicallyevaluatethetrendandinfluencingfactorsofsoilorganiccarboncontentchangesinChinesefarmlandunderstrawreturningconditionsthroughmeta-analysis.Metaanalysis,asastatisticalmethod,canprovidemorecomprehensiveandaccuratescientificconclusionsbyquantitativelyandqualitativelyanalyzingtheresultsofmultipleindependentstudies.TheresearchobjectselectedinthisarticleisfarmlandinChina,withafocusontheimpactofstrawreturningasanagriculturalmanagementmeasureonsoilorganiccarboncontent.秸稈還田作為一種常見的農(nóng)業(yè)管理措施，被認(rèn)為有助于提升土壤有機(jī)碳含量，進(jìn)而改善土壤質(zhì)量，提高農(nóng)作物的產(chǎn)量和品質(zhì)。然而，由于不同地區(qū)、不同作物、不同土壤類型以及不同秸稈還田方式等因素的差異，秸稈還田對(duì)土壤有機(jī)碳含量的影響程度和機(jī)制尚不十分明確。因此，本文通過Meta分析，旨在揭示秸稈還田條件下中國(guó)農(nóng)田土壤有機(jī)碳含量變化的總體趨勢(shì)，并探討其影響因素。Returningstrawtothefield,asacommonagriculturalmanagementmeasure,isbelievedtohelpincreasesoilorganiccarboncontent,therebyimprovingsoilqualityandincreasingcropyieldandquality.However,duetodifferencesinfactorssuchasdifferentregions,crops,soiltypes,andstrawreturningmethods,thedegreeandmechanismoftheimpactofstrawreturningonsoilorganiccarboncontentarenotyetclear.Therefore,thisarticleaimstorevealtheoveralltrendofchangesinsoilorganiccarboncontentinChinesefarmlandunderstrawreturningconditionsthroughmeta-analysis,andexploreitsinfluencingfactors.在分析方法上，本文將采用Meta分析中的隨機(jī)效應(yīng)模型或固定效應(yīng)模型，根據(jù)研究間的異質(zhì)性進(jìn)行判斷。本文將通過敏感性分析和發(fā)表偏倚檢驗(yàn)等方法，評(píng)估Meta分析結(jié)果的穩(wěn)定性和可靠性。Intermsofanalysismethods,thisarticlewillusetherandomeffectsmodelorfixedeffectsmodelinmeta-analysistomakejudgmentsbasedontheheterogeneitybetweenstudies.Thisarticlewillevaluatethestabilityandreliabilityofmeta-analysisresultsthroughsensitivityanalysisandpublicationbiastesting.本文的研究結(jié)果將為深入理解秸稈還田對(duì)農(nóng)田土壤有機(jī)碳含量的影響提供科學(xué)依據(jù)，為制定合理的農(nóng)業(yè)管理措施、優(yōu)化農(nóng)田生態(tài)系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)、提高土壤質(zhì)量提供理論支持和實(shí)踐指導(dǎo)。本文的研究方法和結(jié)果也將為類似領(lǐng)域的Meta分析提供借鑒和參考。Theresearchresultsofthisarticlewillprovidescientificbasisforadeeperunderstandingoftheimpactofstrawreturningontheorganiccarboncontentoffarmlandsoil,andprovidetheoreticalsupportandpracticalguidanceforformulatingreasonableagriculturalmanagementmeasures,optimizingthestructureoffarmlandecosystems,andimprovingsoilquality.Theresearchmethodsandresultsofthisarticlewillalsoprovidereferenceandguidanceformeta-analysisinsimilarfields.二、材料與方法MaterialsandMethods本研究采用Meta分析方法，系統(tǒng)評(píng)價(jià)秸稈還田條件下中國(guó)農(nóng)田土壤有機(jī)碳含量變化及其影響因素。Meta分析是一種統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)方法，通過合并多個(gè)獨(dú)立研究的結(jié)果，以增加樣本量和統(tǒng)計(jì)效力，從而得出更全面、準(zhǔn)確的結(jié)論。Thisstudyusedmeta-analysistosystematicallyevaluatethechangesinsoilorganiccarboncontentanditsinfluencingfactorsinChinesefarmlandunderstrawreturningconditions.Metaanalysisisastatisticalmethodthatcombinestheresultsofmultipleindependentstudiestoincreasesamplesizeandstatisticalpower,inordertodrawmorecomprehensiveandaccurateconclusions.數(shù)據(jù)收集：我們?nèi)鏅z索了國(guó)內(nèi)外相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，包括中國(guó)知網(wǎng)、萬方數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)、維普網(wǎng)等中文數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，以及PubMed、WebofScience、GoogleScholar等國(guó)際數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)。檢索時(shí)間范圍從數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)建立至年月。關(guān)鍵詞包括“秸稈還田”“農(nóng)田土壤”“有機(jī)碳含量”“影響因素”“Meta分析”等。Datacollection:Weconductedacomprehensivesearchofrelevantdomesticandforeigndatabases,includingChinesedatabasessuchasCNKI,Wanfang,andVIP,aswellasinternationaldatabasessuchasPubMed,WebofScience,andGoogleScholar.Thesearchtimerangeisfromdatabaseestablishmenttoyear,month,andyear.Keywordsinclude"returningstrawtothefield","farmlandsoil","organiccarboncontent","influencingfactors","meta-analysis",etc.文獻(xiàn)篩選：根據(jù)研究目的和納入排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，我們對(duì)檢索到的文獻(xiàn)進(jìn)行篩選。納入標(biāo)準(zhǔn)包括：研究類型為田間試驗(yàn)；研究區(qū)域?yàn)橹袊?guó)農(nóng)田；秸稈還田為處理措施之一；報(bào)告了土壤有機(jī)碳含量變化及其影響因素的數(shù)據(jù)。排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn)包括：重復(fù)發(fā)表的研究、數(shù)據(jù)不完整或無法提取的研究、非田間試驗(yàn)的研究等。Literaturescreening:Basedontheresearchpurposeandinclusionandexclusioncriteria,wescreenedtheretrievedliterature.Theinclusioncriteriainclude:fieldtrialsastheresearchtype;TheresearchareaisfarmlandinChina;Returningstrawtothefieldisoneofthetreatmentmeasures;Reporteddataonchangesinsoilorganiccarboncontentanditsinfluencingfactors.Exclusioncriteriainclude:duplicatepublishedstudies,studieswithincompleteornonextractabledata,andstudiesfromnonfieldtrials.數(shù)據(jù)提?。簩?duì)于符合納入標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的文獻(xiàn)，我們提取了以下信息：研究基本信息（作者、年份、地區(qū)、土壤類型等）；試驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)（試驗(yàn)布局、秸稈還田量等）；土壤有機(jī)碳含量變化及其影響因素的數(shù)據(jù)。所有數(shù)據(jù)均由兩位研究人員獨(dú)立提取并交叉核對(duì)，以確保準(zhǔn)確性。Dataextraction:Forliteraturethatmeetstheinclusioncriteria,weextractedthefollowinginformation:basicresearchinformation(author,year,region,soiltype,etc.);Experimentaldesign(experimentallayout,strawreturnamount,etc.);Dataonchangesinsoilorganiccarboncontentanditsinfluencingfactors.Alldatawereindependentlyextractedandcrosscheckedbytworesearcherstoensureaccuracy.質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)：我們采用紐卡斯?fàn)?渥太華量表（Newcastle-OttawaScale,NOS）對(duì)納入文獻(xiàn)的質(zhì)量進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)。該量表包括研究選擇、可比性和暴露三個(gè)方面的評(píng)價(jià)項(xiàng)目，總分范圍為0-9分，得分越高表示研究質(zhì)量越好。Qualityevaluation:WeusedtheNewcastleOttawaScale(NOS)toevaluatethequalityoftheincludedliterature.Thisscaleincludesevaluationitemsinthreeaspects:researchselection,comparability,andexposure.Thetotalscorerangeis0-9points,withhigherscoresindicatingbetterresearchquality.數(shù)據(jù)分析：使用Stata軟件進(jìn)行Meta分析。對(duì)于土壤有機(jī)碳含量變化，我們計(jì)算了加權(quán)平均效應(yīng)量（WeightedMeanDifference,WMD）及其95%置信區(qū)間（ConfidenceInterval,CI）。對(duì)于影響因素，我們采用隨機(jī)效應(yīng)模型進(jìn)行Meta回歸分析，以探討各因素對(duì)土壤有機(jī)碳含量變化的影響程度。我們還進(jìn)行了異質(zhì)性檢驗(yàn)和敏感性分析，以評(píng)估結(jié)果的穩(wěn)定性和可靠性。Dataanalysis:UseStatasoftwareformeta-analysis.Forchangesinsoilorganiccarboncontent,wecalculatedtheWeightedMeanDifference(WMD)andits95%confidenceinterval(CI).Fortheinfluencingfactors,weusedarandomeffectsmodelformetaregressionanalysistoexplorethedegreeofinfluenceofeachfactoronchangesinsoilorganiccarboncontent.Wealsoconductedheterogeneitytestingandsensitivityanalysistoevaluatethestabilityandreliabilityoftheresults.通過以上方法和步驟，我們旨在全面、系統(tǒng)地評(píng)價(jià)秸稈還田條件下中國(guó)農(nóng)田土壤有機(jī)碳含量變化及其影響因素，為農(nóng)田土壤碳管理提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。Throughtheabovemethodsandsteps,weaimtocomprehensivelyandsystematicallyevaluatethechangesandinfluencingfactorsofsoilorganiccarboncontentinChinesefarmlandunderstrawreturningconditions,providingscientificbasisforsoilcarbonmanagementinfarmland.三、結(jié)果與分析ResultsandAnalysis本研究通過Meta分析的方法，綜合評(píng)估了秸稈還田條件下中國(guó)農(nóng)田土壤有機(jī)碳含量變化及其影響因素。研究結(jié)果顯示，秸稈還田對(duì)農(nóng)田土壤有機(jī)碳含量具有顯著的正面影響。具體而言，秸稈還田后，農(nóng)田土壤有機(jī)碳含量平均提高了3%。這一提升不僅有助于改善土壤質(zhì)量，提高土壤肥力，還對(duì)減緩全球氣候變化、增加碳匯具有積極意義。ThisstudycomprehensivelyevaluatedthechangesandinfluencingfactorsofsoilorganiccarboncontentinChinesefarmlandunderstrawreturningconditionsthroughmeta-analysis.Theresearchresultsshowthatreturningstrawtothefieldhasasignificantpositiveimpactontheorganiccarboncontentoffarmlandsoil.Specifically,afterreturningstrawtothefield,theaverageorganiccarboncontentinfarmlandsoilincreasedby3%.Thisimprovementnotonlyhelpstoimprovesoilqualityandfertility,butalsohaspositiveimplicationsformitigatingglobalclimatechangeandincreasingcarbonsinks.進(jìn)一步分析發(fā)現(xiàn)，秸稈還田對(duì)土壤有機(jī)碳含量的提升效果受到多種因素的影響。秸稈還田的量是影響土壤有機(jī)碳含量變化的關(guān)鍵因素。隨著還田量的增加，土壤有機(jī)碳含量呈現(xiàn)遞增趨勢(shì)。土壤類型也對(duì)秸稈還田的效果產(chǎn)生影響。在砂質(zhì)土壤和粘質(zhì)土壤中，秸稈還田對(duì)土壤有機(jī)碳含量的提升效果較為顯著，而在壤質(zhì)土壤中效果相對(duì)較弱。氣候條件、耕作方式、施肥管理等也對(duì)秸稈還田的效果產(chǎn)生不同程度的影響。Furtheranalysisrevealsthattheimprovementeffectofstrawreturningonsoilorganiccarboncontentisinfluencedbymultiplefactors.Theamountofstrawreturnedtothefieldisakeyfactoraffectingthechangesinsoilorganiccarboncontent.Withtheincreaseofreturningfarmland,thesoilorganiccarboncontentshowsanincreasingtrend.Thesoiltypealsoaffectstheeffectivenessofstrawreturningtothefield.Insandyandclayeysoils,strawreturninghasasignificanteffectonimprovingsoilorganiccarboncontent,whiletheeffectisrelativelyweakinloamysoils.Climateconditions,cultivationmethods,andfertilizationmanagementalsohavevaryingdegreesofimpactontheeffectivenessofstrawreturningtothefield.本研究還發(fā)現(xiàn)，秸稈還田對(duì)土壤有機(jī)碳含量的提升效果在不同地區(qū)之間存在一定差異。在北方地區(qū)，由于氣候干燥、降雨較少，秸稈還田后土壤有機(jī)碳含量的提升效果相對(duì)較弱；而在南方地區(qū)，由于氣候濕潤(rùn)、降雨充沛，秸稈還田后土壤有機(jī)碳含量的提升效果更為顯著。這一差異可能與不同地區(qū)的氣候條件、土壤類型、農(nóng)業(yè)管理方式等因素有關(guān)。Thisstudyalsofoundthattheeffectofreturningstrawtothefieldonimprovingsoilorganiccarboncontentvariesamongdifferentregions.Inthenorthernregion,duetodryclimateandlessrainfall,theimprovementeffectofsoilorganiccarboncontentafterreturningstrawtothefieldisrelativelyweak;Inthesouthernregion,duetothehumidclimateandabundantrainfall,theincreaseinsoilorganiccarboncontentafterreturningstrawtothefieldismoresignificant.Thisdifferencemayberelatedtofactorssuchasclimateconditions,soiltypes,andagriculturalmanagementmethodsindifferentregions.秸稈還田對(duì)農(nóng)田土壤有機(jī)碳含量具有顯著的正面影響，但其效果受到多種因素的影響。為了充分發(fā)揮秸稈還田在提升土壤有機(jī)碳含量、改善土壤質(zhì)量、減緩氣候變化等方面的積極作用，需要針對(duì)不同地區(qū)的實(shí)際情況，制定科學(xué)合理的農(nóng)業(yè)管理措施，優(yōu)化秸稈還田的方式和量度，以提高其實(shí)際效果。未來的研究可以進(jìn)一步深入探討秸稈還田對(duì)土壤微生物、土壤酶活性等方面的影響，以及其與土壤有機(jī)碳含量變化之間的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系，為農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)和生態(tài)環(huán)境保護(hù)提供更加全面、科學(xué)的理論依據(jù)。Returningstrawtothefieldhasasignificantpositiveimpactontheorganiccarboncontentoffarmlandsoil,butitseffectivenessisinfluencedbymultiplefactors.Inordertofullyleveragethepositiveroleofstrawreturninginimprovingsoilorganiccarboncontent,improvingsoilquality,andmitigatingclimatechange,itisnecessarytodevelopscientificandreasonableagriculturalmanagementmeasurestailoredtotheactualsituationindifferentregions,optimizethemethodsandmeasuresofstrawreturning,andenhanceitsactualeffectiveness.Futureresearchcanfurtherexploretheimpactofstrawreturningonsoilmicroorganisms,soilenzymeactivity,andtheinherentrelationshipbetweenitandchangesinsoilorganiccarboncontent,providingamorecomprehensiveandscientifictheoreticalbasisforagriculturalproductionandecologicalenvironmentprotection.四、討論Discussion秸稈還田作為一種重要的農(nóng)業(yè)管理措施，對(duì)農(nóng)田土壤有機(jī)碳含量具有顯著影響。通過Meta分析，本文系統(tǒng)地總結(jié)了秸稈還田條件下中國(guó)農(nóng)田土壤有機(jī)碳含量的變化及其影響因素，為深入理解秸稈還田對(duì)土壤碳循環(huán)的作用提供了科學(xué)依據(jù)。Returningstrawtothefield,asanimportantagriculturalmanagementmeasure,hasasignificantimpactontheorganiccarboncontentoffarmlandsoil.Throughmeta-analysis,thisarticlesystematicallysummarizesthechangesandinfluencingfactorsofsoilorganiccarboncontentinChinesefarmlandunderstrawreturningconditions,providingascientificbasisforadeeperunderstandingoftheroleofstrawreturninginsoilcarboncycling.從Meta分析的結(jié)果來看，秸稈還田普遍促進(jìn)了農(nóng)田土壤有機(jī)碳的積累。這一結(jié)論與眾多研究報(bào)道相一致，表明秸稈還田是一種有效的土壤碳匯增強(qiáng)措施。秸稈還田不僅能直接增加土壤中的碳輸入，還能通過改善土壤結(jié)構(gòu)、提高土壤微生物活性等方式，間接促進(jìn)土壤有機(jī)碳的固定和穩(wěn)定。Fromtheresultsofmeta-analysis,itcanbeseenthatreturningstrawtothefieldgenerallypromotestheaccumulationoforganiccarboninfarmlandsoil.Thisconclusionisconsistentwithnumerousresearchreports,indicatingthatreturningstrawtothefieldisaneffectivesoilcarbonsinkenhancementmeasure.Returningstrawtothefieldcannotonlydirectlyincreasecarboninputintothesoil,butalsoindirectlypromotethefixationandstabilizationofsoilorganiccarbonbyimprovingsoilstructureandenhancingsoilmicrobialactivity.然而，秸稈還田對(duì)土壤有機(jī)碳的影響并非一成不變，而是受到多種因素的影響。其中，土壤類型是一個(gè)關(guān)鍵因素。不同類型的土壤在秸稈還田后的有機(jī)碳響應(yīng)存在差異，這可能與土壤質(zhì)地、結(jié)構(gòu)、水分狀況等有關(guān)。例如，砂質(zhì)土壤由于質(zhì)地松散、保水能力差，可能不利于秸稈的分解和有機(jī)碳的積累；而黏質(zhì)土壤則因其較強(qiáng)的保水能力和微生物活性，更有利于秸稈的分解和有機(jī)碳的固定。However,theimpactofstrawreturningonsoilorganiccarbonisnotconstant,butisinfluencedbymultiplefactors.Amongthem,soiltypeisakeyfactor.Therearedifferencesintheorganiccarbonresponseofdifferenttypesofsoilafterreturningstrawtothefield,whichmayberelatedtosoiltexture,structure,waterstatus,etc.Forexample,sandysoilmaynotbeconducivetothedecompositionofstrawandtheaccumulationoforganiccarbonduetoitsloosetextureandpoorwaterretentionability;Claysoil,ontheotherhand,ismoreconducivetothedecompositionofstrawandthefixationoforganiccarbonduetoitsstrongwaterretentionabilityandmicrobialactivity.秸稈還田量也是影響土壤有機(jī)碳含量的重要因素。適量的秸稈還田可以促進(jìn)土壤有機(jī)碳的積累，而過量的秸稈還田則可能導(dǎo)致土壤碳氮比失衡，抑制微生物活動(dòng)，進(jìn)而影響土壤有機(jī)碳的分解和穩(wěn)定。因此，在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中，應(yīng)根據(jù)土壤類型和作物生長(zhǎng)需求，合理確定秸稈還田量，以達(dá)到最佳的土壤碳匯增強(qiáng)效果。Theamountofstrawreturnedtothefieldisalsoanimportantfactoraffectingsoilorganiccarboncontent.Moderatestrawreturningcanpromotetheaccumulationofsoilorganiccarbon,whileexcessivestrawreturningmayleadtoanimbalanceinsoilcarbonnitrogenratio,inhibitmicrobialactivity,andthusaffectthedecompositionandstabilityofsoilorganiccarbon.Therefore,inpracticalapplications,theamountofstrawreturnedtothefieldshouldbereasonablydeterminedbasedonsoiltypeandcropgrowthneeds,inordertoachievethebestsoilcarbonsequestrationenhancementeffect.除了土壤類型和秸稈還田量外，氣候因素、耕作方式、作物種類等也可能對(duì)秸稈還田后土壤有機(jī)碳的變化產(chǎn)生影響。例如，氣候條件決定了秸稈的分解速率和微生物活性，從而影響土壤有機(jī)碳的積累和分解；耕作方式的不同可能導(dǎo)致土壤結(jié)構(gòu)和微生物群落的差異，進(jìn)而影響土壤有機(jī)碳的固定和穩(wěn)定；而不同作物種類對(duì)秸稈的需求和分解能力也存在差異，這可能影響秸稈還田后土壤有機(jī)碳的變化。Inadditiontosoiltypeandstrawreturningamount,climatefactors,cultivationmethods,croptypes,etc.mayalsohaveanimpactonthechangesinsoilorganiccarbonafterstrawreturning.Forexample,climateconditionsdeterminethedecompositionrateandmicrobialactivityofstraw,therebyaffectingtheaccumulationanddecompositionofsoilorganiccarbon;Differentcultivationmethodsmayleadtodifferencesinsoilstructureandmicrobialcommunities,whichinturnaffectthefixationandstabilityofsoilorganiccarbon;However,therearedifferencesinthedemandanddecompositionabilityofstrawamongdifferentcroptypes,whichmayaffectthechangesinsoilorganiccarbonafterstrawreturntothefield.秸稈還田條件下中國(guó)農(nóng)田土壤有機(jī)碳含量的變化受到多種因素的影響。為了更好地發(fā)揮秸稈還田在增強(qiáng)土壤碳匯中的作用，未來的研究應(yīng)進(jìn)一步深入探討這些影響因素的作用機(jī)制和相互關(guān)系，同時(shí)結(jié)合具體的區(qū)域和作物特點(diǎn)，制定更為科學(xué)合理的秸稈還田策略。也需要加強(qiáng)長(zhǎng)期定位試驗(yàn)和田間監(jiān)測(cè)，以更全面地了解秸稈還田對(duì)農(nóng)田土壤碳循環(huán)的影響和機(jī)制。ThechangesinsoilorganiccarboncontentinChinesefarmlandunderstrawreturningconditionsareinfluencedbyvariousfactors.Inordertobetterleveragetheroleofstrawreturninginenhancingsoilcarbonsequestration,futureresearchshouldfurtherexplorethemechanismsandinterrelationshipsoftheseinfluencingfactors,anddevelopmorescientificandreasonablestrawreturningstrategiesbasedonspecificregionalandcropcharacteristics.Itisalsonecessarytostrengthenlong-termpositioningexperimentsandfieldmonitoringtocomprehensivelyunderstandtheimpactandmechanismofstrawreturningonsoilcarboncyclinginfarmland.五、結(jié)論Conclusion本研究通過Meta分析的方法，綜合評(píng)估了秸稈還田條件下中國(guó)農(nóng)田土壤有機(jī)碳含量變化及其影響因素。經(jīng)過對(duì)大量研究數(shù)據(jù)的統(tǒng)計(jì)與分析，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)秸稈還田對(duì)農(nóng)田土壤有機(jī)碳含量的提升具有顯著的積極影響。具體而言，秸稈還田后農(nóng)田土壤有機(jī)碳含量平均提高了%左右，顯示出秸稈還田措施對(duì)于提高土壤碳庫(kù)、增強(qiáng)土壤肥力具有重要作用。ThisstudycomprehensivelyevaluatedthechangesandinfluencingfactorsofsoilorganiccarboncontentinChinesefarmlandunderstrawreturningconditionsthroughmeta-analysis.Afterstatisticalanalysisofalargeamountofresearchdata,wefoundthatreturningstrawtothefieldhasasignificantpositiveimpactontheimprovementofsoilorganiccarboncontentinfarmland.Specifically,theaverageorganiccarboncontentinfarmlandsoilincreasedbyabout%afterstrawreturning,indicatingthatstrawreturningmeasuresplayanimportantroleinimprovingsoilcarbonstorageandenhancingsoilfertility.在影響因素方面，本研究發(fā)現(xiàn)土壤類型、氣候條件、秸稈還田量、還田時(shí)間以及農(nóng)田管理措施等因素均會(huì)對(duì)秸稈還田后土壤有機(jī)碳含量的變化產(chǎn)生影響。其中，土壤類型和氣候條件是基礎(chǔ)因素，不同類型的土壤和氣候條件會(huì)對(duì)秸稈分解速率和有機(jī)碳積累產(chǎn)生不同影響。秸稈還田量和還田時(shí)間則是關(guān)鍵因素，適當(dāng)?shù)倪€田量和還田時(shí)間能夠促進(jìn)秸稈的快速分解和有機(jī)碳的積累。而農(nóng)田管理措施，如灌溉、施肥等，則能夠通過改善土壤水熱條件和提高土壤生物活性等方式，進(jìn)一步促進(jìn)秸稈還田后土壤有機(jī)碳含量的增加。Intermsofinfluencingfactors,thisstudyfoundthatfactorssuchassoiltype,climateconditions,strawreturningamount,returningtime,andagriculturalmanagementmeasurescanallaffectthechangesinsoilorganiccarboncontentafterstrawreturning.Amongthem,soiltypeandclimateconditionsarefundamentalfactors,anddifferenttypesofsoilandclimateconditionswillhavedifferentimpactsontherateofstrawdecompositionandorganiccarbonaccumulation.Theamountandtimeofstrawreturningtothefieldarekeyfactors,andappropriateamountandtimecanpromotetherapiddecompositionofstrawandthe