2024年中考英語復習被動語態(tài)課件

被動語態(tài)TomcatchesJerry.JerryiscaughtbyTom.一個內(nèi)容兩種說法從動作發(fā)出者角度從動作承受者角度主動說法被動說法主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)選擇哪一種呢？關(guān)鍵看強調(diào)的對象及運用角度TomcatchesJerry.動作的發(fā)出者主動語態(tài)動作動作的承受者JerryiscaughtbyTom動作的承受者被動語態(tài)動作動作的發(fā)出者被動語態(tài)的基本形式觀察下列被動語態(tài)的句子，圈出表示被動含義的謂語部分1.Thetreesareplantedbythevolunteers.2.Disneylandisenjoyedbymillionsofpeople

fromallovertheworld.基本形式：be+及物動詞（組）的過去分詞3.Chineseisspokenbypeopleallovertheworld.4.Thechildrenaretakengoodcareofbytheirgrandma.有些相當于及物動詞的短語詞組,如“動詞+介詞”,“動詞+副詞”等,也可用于被動語態(tài),但要把它們看作一個整體,不能分開不及物動詞沒有被動語態(tài),但不及物動詞+介詞/副詞可以構(gòu)成及物動詞短語,變被動語態(tài)時介詞和副詞不要丟掉.

1.Johnturnedontheradio.Theradiowasturnedon.2.Grandma

takescareof

mysister.Mysister

istakencareof

by

Grandma.3.Wemustspeaktooldpeoplepolitely.Oldpeoplemustbespokentopolitely.短語動詞是整體，不可丟掉后面的介詞或副詞！lookforlookaftertakecareofhandinlaughatspeaktobelookedforbelookedafterbetakencareofbehandedinbelaughedatbespokento

主動

被動短語動詞是整體，不要丟掉后面的介詞或副詞哦！Tom

catchesJerry

主動被動Jerry

iscaught

by

TomS

VO動作發(fā)出者動作動作承受者動作承受者動作動作發(fā)出者步驟：1：換

2：改3：加by（有時也會省略）

4：補（有狀語時）小試牛刀1.TheyplayfootballonSunday.2.Lucydoesthehomeworkinthemorning.3.They

playthecomputers

in

class.4.WemakethemachinesinBeijing.FootballispalyedbythemonSunday.ThehomeworkisdonebyLucyinthemorning.Thecomputersareplayedbytheminclass.ThemachinesaremadebyusinBeijing.主語和賓語互換時，要注意“格”的變換，be的形式取決于變化前句中給定的時態(tài)以及更換后新主語的人稱及單復數(shù)情況被動語態(tài)的時態(tài)1.語態(tài)：主動語態(tài)主動語態(tài)關(guān)注做被做dobedone2.時態(tài)：動作發(fā)生的時間動詞形態(tài)關(guān)注不同時態(tài)下的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)1.Wecleantheclassroomeveryday.2.Thestudentsplantedthesetreeslastyear.3.Theywillfinishtheworkinthreehours.4.Wearepaintingtheroomnow.5.Wewerebuiltingtheroadthistimelastyear.Theclassroomiscleanedbyuseveryday.一般現(xiàn)在時：am/is/are+動詞過去分詞Thesetreeswereplantedbythestudentslastyear一般過去時：was/were+動詞過去分詞Theworkwillbefinishedbytheminthreehours.Theroomisbeingpaintedbyusnow.Theroadwasbeingbuiltbyusthistimelastyear.一般將來時：will+be+動詞過去分詞現(xiàn)在進行時：am/is/are+being+動詞過去分詞過去進行時：was/were+being+動詞過去分詞不同時態(tài)下的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)6.Shehasfinishedherhomework.

Herhomeworkhasbeenfinishedbyher.現(xiàn)在完成時：have/hasbeen+動詞過去分詞7.Youmustfinishyourhomeworktoday.Yourhomeworkmustbefinishedtodaytoday.情態(tài)動詞：情態(tài)動詞+be+動詞過去分詞不同時態(tài)下的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)主要依托于助動詞be來實現(xiàn)。被動語態(tài)什么時候用1.不知道動作的執(zhí)行者是誰。ThiswatchismadeinChina.這塊手表是中國制造的。2.沒必要指出動作的執(zhí)行者是誰。Manytreesmustbeplantedeveryyear.每年必須種許多樹。3.需要突出或強調(diào)動作的承受者。Chineseisspokenbymoreandmorepeopleintheworld.世界上越來越多的人說漢語。(強調(diào)漢語的廣泛使用)4.動作的發(fā)出者是物。Manyhouseswerewashedawaybytheflood.許多房子被洪水沖走了。被動語態(tài)什么時候用說話或發(fā)表意見時,為了顯得客觀公正,也常用被動語態(tài)。常用句型:Itissaidthat…據(jù)說Itisreportedthat…據(jù)報道Itisbelievedthat…大家相信Itishopedthat…大家希望Itiswellknownthat…眾所周知Itisthoughtthat…大家認為e.g.Itissaidthattheboyhaspassedthenationalexam.e.g.Itisreportedthatgoldhasbeenfoundthere.被動語態(tài)使用的特殊情況let,make,have(三使)/see,look,watch,notice(四看)/listen,hear(二聽)/feel(一感覺)當它們變被動語態(tài)時要把to加上。1.Ioftenseetheoldmanruninthemorning.Theoldmanisoftenseentoruninthemorning.一、使役動詞和感官動詞2.Iheardhimsinglastnight.Hewasheardtosinglastnight.使役動詞+sbdo感官動詞+sbdosb+be+使役動詞過去分詞todosb+be+感官動詞過去分詞todo3.Theymadehimwork12

hoursaday.

Hewasmadetowork12hoursaday.被動語態(tài)使用的特殊情況1.look,sound,smell,taste,feel等系動詞，后加形容詞，用主動表被動。【系表結(jié)構(gòu)】Thefishtastesgood.Thesongsoundedwonderful.Thecoatfeltcomfortable.二、主動形式表達被動含義2.want/need/require/deserve+doing=want/require/need/deservetobedone【需要做某事】Thecomputer

needsrepairing.

這個電腦需要修理。=Thecomputerneedstoberepaired.Thetablewantscleaning.這張桌子該擦了Thepointdeservesmentioning.這一點值得提到.被動語態(tài)使用的特殊情況3.beworthdoing“值得被….”=beworthyofbeingdone

=beworthytobedoneThebookisworthreading.=Thebookisworthyofbeingread.=Thebookisworthytoberead.二、主動形式表達被動含義4.blow,carry,cut,drive,read,sell

,write,wear,等與副詞連用,表示主語性能時,用被動語態(tài)。

Thecomputerssellwell.Theroomcleanedperfectly.Thepenwriteseasily.被動語態(tài)的句型轉(zhuǎn)換肯定句：The

roomis

cleanedbyhim.否定句：Theroomis

not

cleanedbyhim.一般疑問句：Is

theroomcleanedbyhim?特殊疑問句：Whois

theroomcleanedby?Yes,itis.No,itisn’t.被動語態(tài)的be是助動詞,所以否定句直接在be動詞后加not,一般疑問句把be動詞提至句首,特殊疑問句be動詞跟在特殊疑問詞后面后面.Jimgaveme(間接賓語)abook(直接賓語).tellsbsthgivesb.sth.

passsb.sth.throwsbsthsendsb.sth.showsb.sth.lendsbsthbringsb.sth.被動

sth主動betoldtosbbegiventosb.bepassedtosb.bethrowntosb.besenttosb.beshowntosb.belenttosb.bebroughttosb.IwasgivenabookbyJim.三、雙賓語結(jié)構(gòu)的被動語態(tài)直物間人AbookwasgiventomebyJim含有雙賓語句子的被動語態(tài)直接賓語sth作主語時要在間賓前加上to或for主動