中考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)課件：冠詞

冠詞[知識(shí)導(dǎo)圖][考情分析]安徽近10年中考并未直接考查冠詞，但在單項(xiàng)填空、單詞拼寫的題干以及完形填空、閱讀理解的語篇中都會(huì)涉及其相關(guān)用法。同時(shí)在書面表達(dá)中冠詞的應(yīng)用也屬于高頻詞匯。因此，掌握冠詞的用法是非常必要的。安徽中考2023年沒有對(duì)冠詞單獨(dú)考查。1．(2023·黑龍江齊齊哈爾)Tracy,________exchangestudentfromNorway,is________universitystudentinHeilongjiangnow.A．a(chǎn)；an B．a(chǎn)n；theC．a(chǎn)n；a答案：C考點(diǎn)1不定冠詞2．(2022·池州期末)—DoyouknowTina?—Yes，sheis________Americangirlandshehas________roundface.A．a(chǎn)n；an B．a(chǎn)；aC．a(chǎn)n；a D．a(chǎn)；an答案：C3．(2022·山東濱州改編)—Haveyoueverworkedas________volunteeratahospital?—Yes.Itwas________unforgettableexperienceforme.A．a(chǎn)；a B．a(chǎn)n；anC．a(chǎn)；an D．a(chǎn)n；a答案：C考生在解答此類試題時(shí)，首先要分析語境：若能直接翻譯成“一個(gè)”，則通常用不定冠詞a/an。[溫馨提示](1)空后的詞如果以輔音音素開頭，則用a；若以元音音素開頭，則用an。(2)若空后的詞表示特指，則需用定冠詞the；(3)零冠詞有特殊的用法，一般用在一日三餐、球類運(yùn)動(dòng)前或某些固定搭配。havebreakfast吃早餐；playvolleyball打排球。不定冠詞a與an(1)基本用法用法例句用于首次提到的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前Isawamoviewithmyfriendsyesterday.我昨天和我的朋友們看了一場(chǎng)電影。表示數(shù)量“一”Populationincreaseisabigprobleminmanycountries.人口增長(zhǎng)在很多國(guó)家都是一個(gè)大問題。用法例句表示“類別”，指一類人或事物Ahorseismuchsmallerthananelephant.馬比大象小得多。泛指“同類中的某一個(gè)人或事物”ImetafriendofyourstodayasIwasinahurrytowork.今天在我匆忙上班的路上遇到了你的一個(gè)朋友。用法例句泛指某人或某物，但不具體指明是何人或何物L(fēng)inda，agirliswaitingforyouattheschoolgate.琳達(dá)，一個(gè)女孩正在學(xué)校門口等你。用于序數(shù)詞前，表示“再一，又一”Ihavethreebooks.Iwanttobuyafourthone.我已經(jīng)有三本書了，我想再買一本。用于單位量詞前，表示“每一”，相當(dāng)于everyWehaveamusicclassonceaweek.我們每周上一次音樂課。用法例句用于可視為一個(gè)整體的兩個(gè)名詞前Thereisaknifeandforkonthetable.餐桌上有一副刀叉。用于一些物質(zhì)名詞前表示“一種；一場(chǎng)(雨、風(fēng)、雪等)”Aheavyrainfellthismorninginthissmalltown.這個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)今天早上下了一場(chǎng)大雨。

(2)常見的以元音字母開頭的單詞用a，an的情況Aaanapple；anartist；anaunt；anAsiancountry；anAmericangirlEeaEuropeancountry；anegg；aneight-year-oldboy；an11-year-oldboyIianidea；aninterestingstoryOoanorange；anoldman；anoutgoinggirlUuausefulbook；auniversitystudent；aUFO；ausualstory；anumbrella；anuglyman；anuncle；anunusualstory；anunhappyman特別記不規(guī)則：anhour；anhonestman

(3)常見搭配inahurry匆忙 inaword總之inamoment立刻 asaresult結(jié)果havearest休息 haveacold感冒haveatry試一試 takeawalk散步haveagoodtime玩得開心 payavisitto...拜訪……1．(2023·吉林)Jennyorderedahamburgerand________hamburgerwasnice.A．a(chǎn) B．a(chǎn)nC．the答案：C考點(diǎn)2定冠詞2．—Helen，doyouknowwhoisJane?—Yeah.Janeis________girlwithlongblackcurlyhair.A．a(chǎn) B．a(chǎn)nC．the D．/答案：C3．—Look！Thisis________floor-cleaningrobotIboughtyesterday.—That'sreallyhelpful！Itcankeepyourhomeclean.A．a(chǎn) B．a(chǎn)nC．the D．/答案：C4．—Excuseme，Ineed________skirt.—Oh，whatabout________redoneonthetable？It'sonsale.A．a(chǎn)；a B．a(chǎn)n；aC．a(chǎn)；the D．a(chǎn)n；the答案：C1．定冠詞the的基本用法用法示例表示雙方都知道的人或事物Givemethebook，please.請(qǐng)把書給我。特指的或上文已提到過的人或事物Doyouknowthegirlinred？你知道穿紅色衣服的女孩嗎？表示世界上獨(dú)一無二的事物Themoonmovesaroundtheearth.月球繞著地球轉(zhuǎn)。用法示例用在序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)前面以及對(duì)兩個(gè)人或事物進(jìn)行比較時(shí)的比較級(jí)前Thefirstlessonisveryeasy.第一節(jié)課很簡(jiǎn)單。Heistheyoungerofthetwoboys.他是這兩個(gè)男孩中較小的一個(gè)。用在姓氏復(fù)數(shù)前表示一家人或夫妻倆TheGreensarewatchingTVnow.格林一家現(xiàn)在正在看電視。用在單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前表一類人或事物Theorangeisorange.橘子是橘色的。用法示例與某些形容詞連用表一類人Weshouldhelptheold.我們應(yīng)該幫助老年人。用于江河、海洋、山脈、群島、沙漠等專有名詞前，或由普通名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞之前theGreatWall長(zhǎng)城theSummerPalace頤和園用在表示方位或西洋樂器名稱的名詞之前Ilikeplayingthepiano.我喜歡彈鋼琴。2.定冠詞the用于某些固定短語中intheevening在晚上

inthedaytime在白天intheend最后ontheright在右邊atthesametime同時(shí)bytheway順便說一下thenextmorning第二天早晨inthefrontof在……的前面[溫馨提示]定冠詞的用法歌訣特指雙方熟悉，上文已經(jīng)提及；世上獨(dú)一無二，方位名詞樂器；某些專有名詞，外加復(fù)數(shù)姓氏；

序數(shù)詞最高級(jí)，習(xí)慣用語要特記。1．Thedressismadeby________handanditismadeof________silk.A．/；a B．the；aC．/；/ D．the；/答案：C考點(diǎn)3零冠詞2．(2022·安徽模擬預(yù)測(cè))DonaldTrump，________78-year-oldbusinessman，waschosen________PresidentoftheUSin2016.A．a(chǎn)；a B．a(chǎn)；/C．the；a D．the；the答案：B用法示例不可數(shù)名詞和復(fù)數(shù)名詞表泛指時(shí)Animalscan'tlivewithoutwater.動(dòng)物們離開水無法存活。Horsesarehelpfulanimals.馬是有幫助的動(dòng)物。某些專有名詞(如人名、地名、國(guó)家名等)、物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名詞表示泛指時(shí)Chinaisagreatcountry.中國(guó)是一個(gè)偉大的國(guó)家。MarylivesinNewYork.瑪麗住在紐約。Paperismadefromwood.紙是由木頭制成的。用法示例名詞前已有指示代詞、形容詞性物主代詞、不定代詞或名詞所有格等修飾時(shí)EverystudentlikesEnglishinourclass.在我們班每個(gè)學(xué)生都喜歡英語。在稱呼語或表示頭銜的名詞前ThisisProfessorLi.這是李教授。用法示例在三餐、球類運(yùn)動(dòng)及學(xué)科名詞之前Iwenttoschoolwithoutbreakfastthismorning.我今天早晨沒吃早餐就去上學(xué)了。Heoftenplaysfootballafterschool.他放學(xué)后經(jīng)常踢足球。由“專有名詞＋普通名詞”構(gòu)成的表示街名、路名、山名等名詞詞組前NanjingRoad南京路HainanIsland海南島用法示例與by連用的交通工具前bycar乘汽車bytrain乘火車在節(jié)假日名稱前NewYear'sDay新年Women'sDay婦女節(jié)在季節(jié)、月份、星期前Sunday星期日summer夏天某些習(xí)慣用語中atschool在學(xué)校gotobed睡覺[巧學(xué)妙記]

零冠詞的用法下列情況不用冠詞，名詞之前代詞限；復(fù)數(shù)名詞表泛指，球類、學(xué)科和三餐；

專有名詞不可數(shù)，星期、月份、季節(jié)前；

交通方式和娛樂，習(xí)語稱謂和頭銜。[溫馨提示]有些名詞前用the或不用the，其意義有所不同。解答此類問題，首先要熟練掌握冠詞的基本用法，并能根據(jù)句意及語境辨析它們之間的差異。冠詞的選擇方法：1．根據(jù)音素而不是字母來選擇不定冠詞。如：hour盡管以字母h開頭，但它的讀音是/'a??(r)/，/a?/是元音音素，前面應(yīng)該用an；2．根據(jù)泛指、特指來選擇冠詞；3．根據(jù)固定搭配來選擇冠詞；4．其余方法可參考冠詞講解中冠詞的具體用法。1．(2023·合肥第四十二中學(xué)校考一模)Lifeislike________journey.Only________strongwilledcanmakeittotheend.A．the；a B．a(chǎn)；theC．the；the D．a(chǎn)；a答案：B2．(2023·天津)Mymotherismaking________applepieandIwanttotry________piece.A．a(chǎn)；an B．a(chǎn)；/C．a(chǎn)n；a D．a(chǎn)n；/答案：C3．(2022·安徽二模)Therewas________newfilminthecinemalastmonth.A．the B．a(chǎn)nC．a(chǎn) D．/答案：C4．(2022·安徽一模)________comedyfilmdirectedbyafemaledirectorbecomesoneof________mostpopularfilmsinChina.A．A；/ B．A；theC．An；the D．/；the答案：B5．(2022·淮南期末)—Let'sgotoplay________tennisnow.—Sorry，Ican't.Ihavetoplay________guitarforanhourfirst.A．/；/ B．/；theC．the；the D．the；/答案：B6．Hismothermade________excellentbreakfastforBob.Afterthathismothertookhimtohospitaltoget________X-ray.A．a(chǎn)n；/ B．a(chǎn)；/C．a(chǎn)n；an D．a(chǎn)；an答案：C7．—CanTimplay________chess?—Yes.Andhecanplay________drums，too.A．the；the B．the；/C．/；the D．the；a答案：C1．(2023·合肥?？家荒?—Whataclearblueskyitis!—Yes.Ihaveneverseen________sky.A．a(chǎn)morebeautiful B．a(chǎn)mostbeautifulC．themorebeautiful D．themostbeautiful答案：A2．(2023·江蘇連云港)Chinais________countrywithahistoryofmorethan5，000years.A．the B．a(chǎn)C．a(chǎn)n D．/答案：B3．(2023·黑龍江)—Thesunisshining,andyou'dbettertake________umbrellawhenyougoout.—OK.It's________usefulsuggestion.A．a(chǎn)n；the B．a(chǎn)；anC．a(chǎn)n；a答案：C4．(2023·湖南懷化)TheC919is________largeplanemadebyChina.A．a(chǎn) B．a(chǎn)nC．the答案：A5．(2023·黑龍江綏化)Bobismybrother.Helikesplaying________basketball,buthedoesn'tlikeplaying________piano.A．the；a B．/；theC．a(chǎn)n；the答案：B6．(2023·湖南郴州)—I'dliketohelpkidswiththeirschoolwork.—Youcouldvolunteerin________after-schoolstudyprogramtoteachthem.A．the B．a(chǎn)nC．a(chǎn)答案：B7．(2023·甘肅天水)Thereare60minutesin________hour.A．a(chǎn) B．a(chǎn)nC．the D．/答案：B8．(2023·湖南岳陽)Hangzhouwillhold________19thAsianGamesin2023.A．a(chǎn) B．a(chǎn)nC．the答案：C9．(2023·山東濱州)—WhatdoyouthinkoftheguidebookLonely

Planet?—Oh,itisreally________usefulone.Youcanalwaysfind________informationyouneedwhiletraveling.A．a(chǎn)；a B．a(chǎn)n；anC．a(chǎn)；the D．a(chǎn)n；the答案：C10．(2023·江蘇揚(yáng)州)Yangzhouis________cityfullof________history,cultureandmouthwateringfood.A．the；a B．a(chǎn)；aC．the；the D．a(chǎn)；/答案：D11．(2023·四川成都)The31stSummerUniversiade(大運(yùn)會(huì))is________bigeventforChengdu.A．a(chǎn) B．a(chǎn)nC．the答案：A12．(2023·四川達(dá)州)—Hi,Lily,haveyoueverheardofZibo,________cityin________centerofShandongProvince,isknownforitsbarbecuethesedays?—Sure.Iexpecttovisititandhaveatasteofthespecialfood.A．a(chǎn)；a B．a(chǎn)；theC．the；the答案：B13．(2023·四川涼山)Chineseteaculturestartedabout4，000yearsago.Nowadaysdrinkingteahasbecome________dailyhabitinChina.A．a(chǎn) B．a(chǎn)nC．the答案：A14．ThismorningIsaw________accidentonmywaytoschool.Twomenwerebadlyhurtin________accident.A．a(chǎn)n；an B．a(chǎn)n；theC．the；an D．the；the答案：B15．Ifyouwanttotake________shortrideinthecity，choose________sharedbike.A．a(chǎn)；/ B．the；/C．a(chǎn)；a D．/；a答案：C16．I'lltake________closelookatmycar.Somestrangenoisecomesfromthef