適用于新高考新教材備戰(zhàn)2025屆高考英語一輪總復(fù)習(xí)高考題型組合練Unit5Learningfromnature課件外研版選擇性必修第三冊

Unit5

LearningfromnatureⅠ.閱讀理解ⅠⅡⅢⅣAMissBaughtaughtseventh-gradesocialstudies.Shewasthekindofteacherthatperhapseveryonehashadatleastonce:scary.Inclass,shealwaystaughtustotakeschoolseriously.ShehadbeenteachingforalongtimeandIwasasafraidofherasanyone,includingtheboyswhoweretypicallynaughtyinthebackrow.ButIalsohadalifeoutsideofschoolandhadjustdiscoveredcheapobjectsforpranks.Onesuchprop(道具)hadtwoparts:aninkbottlepaintedtolookasthoughithadoverturned,andapieceofshinyblackmetalshapedlikeapool.ⅠⅡⅢⅣOfallthepeopleIcouldhavetricked,unexpectedlyIchoseMissBaugh.Atthebeginningoftheclass,Iopenedherbookandplacedthepropsononeofthepages.ThenIwaitedforthefun.WhenMissBaughsawthebottleandthespilledink,sheletoutalittlecryandlookedforsomethingtowipeuptheinkwith.Thetrickhadsucceededbeyondmyexpectations.ButthenIsuddenlyknewIhadnocontroloverwhatwouldhappennext.WhenMissBaughtriedtoremovetheinkwithapapertowel,shediscovereditwasjustapieceofblackmetal.Shepickeditup,hereyessweepingtheclassroomwithadeadlygaze.Thencamethequestion:“Whodidthis?”ⅠⅡⅢⅣAftersomehesitation,Iraisedmyhand.MissBaughfixedmewithastarethatterrifiedme,andmyclassmates.Andthen,mostunexpectedly,shelaughed.“Well,itcertainlyfooledme!”shesaid.Shereturnedthepropstome,andforafewsecondsasweetlittleagedladyappearedrightwhereMissBaughstood.Wegotbacktohavingaclass.Butsomethinghadchangedforme.Ibegantorealizethat,ifsomeonelikeMissBaughhadawarmheartbeneaththatcrustysurface,thenothercrustypeoplewouldprobablydo,too.ThatmayhavebeenthemostvaluablelessonIlearned.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者的老師Miss

Baugh是個很可怕的人,某天作者對Miss

Baugh惡作劇,結(jié)果Miss

Baugh沒有生氣反而笑了。這讓作者意識到冷峻的人可能對別人很友好。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ1.WhichwordsbestdescribeMissBaughaccordingtoparagraph1?A.Seriousandexperienced.B.Easy-goingandselfless.C.Naughtyanddemanding.D.Scaryandnarrow-minded.答案

A

解析

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“In

class,she

always

taught

us

to

take

school

seriously.She

had

been

teaching

for

a

long

time

and

I

was

as

afraid

of

her

as

anyone,including

the

boys

who

were

typically

naughty

in

the

back

row.”可推知,Miss

Baugh嚴(yán)肅且經(jīng)驗豐富。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“pranks”probablymeaninparagraph2?A.Bets. B.Experiments.C.Tricks. D.Strategies.答案

C

解析

詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞下文“One

such

prop

had

two

parts:an

ink

bottle

painted

to

look

as

though

it

had

overturned,and

a

piece

of

shiny

black

metal

shaped

like

a

pool.”可知,此處描寫的道具由兩部分組成:一個被涂成翻倒樣子的墨水瓶,還有一塊閃閃發(fā)光的黑色金屬,形狀像一個水池。即這些是作者用來惡作劇的東西。故畫線詞意思是“惡作劇”。

ⅠⅡⅢⅣ3.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph4?A.MissBaugh’sstarewasn’tasterrifyingasbefore.B.Theauthorwasgivenawayandfinallyraisedhishand.C.MissBaughburstintolaughterandgavethepropsback.D.Alittleagedladyenteredtheclassroomtogivealecture.答案

C

解析

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“And

then,most

unexpectedly,she

laughed.‘Well,it

certainly

fooled

me!’she

said.She

returned

the

props

to

me,and

for

a

few

seconds

a

sweet

little

aged

lady

appeared

right

where

Miss

Baugh

stood.”可知,Miss

Baugh放聲大笑,把道具還給了作者。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ4.Whatvaluablelessondidtheauthorlearn?A.Crustypeoplecanbeeasilychanged.B.Crustypeoplemaybefriendlytoothers.C.Crustypeoplearedifficulttogetalongwith.D.Crustypeoplearesensitivetoothers’feelings.答案

B

解析

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“I

began

to

realize

that,if

someone

like

Miss

Baugh

had

a

warm

heart

beneath

that

crusty

surface,then

other

crusty

people

would

probably

do,too.That

may

have

been

the

most

valuable

lesson

I

learned.”可知,作者學(xué)到了冷峻的人可能對別人很友好。ⅠⅡⅢⅣBDoyouoftencompareyourselftootherpeople?Comparisonscanhelptomakedecisionsandmotivateyoubuttheycanalsopullyouintoacomparisontrap.Whetherit’sthenumberofgoalsyou’vescoredatfootballorhowmanybooksyou’veread,it’seasytocompareyourselftosomeoneelse.Scientistssayit’sanaturalbehaviourthathelpshumanslearnfromeachother,livehappilytogetherandachievemore.Althoughcomparingcanbegoodforyou,it’snotalwayshelpfulandyoucanfindyourselfstuckinacomparisontrap.Thisiswhenyoualwaysmeasureyourselfagainstothersandbaseyourfeelingsonhowwelltheyseemtobedoing.ⅠⅡⅢⅣBeckyGoddard-Hillisachildtherapist(someonewhohelpschildrenunderstandtheirfeelings)andauthorofCreate

Your

Own

Confidence.Shesaysthatcomparisonscanmakeusfeelgoodandbadaboutourselves.“Comparingup”meansseeingsomeonedoingbetterthanyouandusingthattoinspireyourselftoaimhigherandtryharder.However,Goddard-Hillsays,“Sometimesitcanmakeyoufeelrubbishaboutyourselfandknockyourconfidence.”“Comparingdown”iswhenyouseesomeonewhoseemslikethey’renotdoingaswellasyou.“Thismightmakeyoufeelyou’redoingwell,”saysGoddard-Hill,“butitcanalsostopyouwantingtoimprove.”ⅠⅡⅢⅣIfyourfeelingsdependonwhatotherpeoplearedoing,“Surroundyourselfwithcheerleaders,”suggestsGoddard-Hill.Noticehowpeoplemakeyoufeelandspendtimewithfriendswhocelebrateyourstrengthsratherthancomparethemselvestoyou.Ifyoufollowsocialmediaaccountsthatmakeyoufeelyouarefailinginanyway,unfollowthem.“Findonesthatmakeyoulaughorshowyoulovelyplacesinstead,”shesays.Finally,focusonyourownachievementsandhowyoucanimprove.“Thebestpersonyoucancompetewithisyourself,”saysGoddard-Hill.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了在生活中,我們經(jīng)常容易陷入比較陷阱,從而影響自己。專家建議我們要關(guān)注自己,和自己比較。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ5.Howdoesacomparisontrapaffectus?A.Itmakesusfocusonourownbehaviour.B.Itstopsusfromlearningfromeachother.C.Itpreventsusfromlivinghappilytogether.D.Itbasesourfeelingsonothers’achievements.答案

D

解析

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“Although

comparing

can

be

good

for

you,it’s

not

always

helpful

and

you

can

find

yourself

stuck

in

a

comparison

trap.This

is

when

you

always

measure

yourself

against

others

and

base

your

feelings

on

how

well

they

seem

to

be

doing.”可知,比較陷阱會讓我們總是把自己的感受建立在別人的成就上。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ6.What’strueabout“Comparingup”and“Comparingdown”?A.Bothofthemusuallyenhanceourconfidence.B.Bothofthemhaveadvantagesanddisadvantages.C.Theformerispositivewhilethelatterisnegative.D.Theformermakesusfeelgoodwhilethelattermakesusfeelbad.答案

B

解析

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段中的“‘Comparing

up’means

seeing

someone

doing

better

than

you

and

using

that

to

inspire

yourself

to

aim

higher

and

try

harder.However...well,says

Goddard-Hill,but

it

can

also

stop

you

wanting

to

improve.,”可知,攀比和比差都既有優(yōu)點又有缺點。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ7.WhatdoesGoddard-Hillsuggest?A.Aimingtobeourbest.B.Tryingtobethebest.C.Tryingtobeacheerleader.D.Valuingsomeoneelse’sachievements.答案

A

解析

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中的“Finally,focus

on

your

own

achievements

and

how

you

can

improve.‘The

best

person

you

can

compete

with

is

yourself,’says

Goddard-Hill.”可知,Becky

Goddard-Hill建議我們與自己競爭,力爭做最好的自己就好。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ8.Inwhichsectionofamagazinecanyoufindthepassage?A.Achievement. B.Entertainment.C.Health. D.Politics.答案

C

解析

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段中的“Becky

Goddard-Hill

is

a

child

therapist

(someone

who

helps

children

understand

their

feelings)

and

author

of

Create

Your

Own

Confidence.She

says

that

comparisons

can

make

us

feel

good

and

bad

about

ourselves.”可知,文章主要講述的是比較會讓我們陷入比較陷阱,從而產(chǎn)生心理問題,所以這篇文章選自健康專欄。Ⅱ.七選五ⅠⅡⅢⅣHow

to

set

up

a

Library

of

ThingsInsteadofcluttering(亂堆放)ourhomes,garagesandtheplanet,settingupaLibraryofThingsallowsneighbourstoborrowandsharehuge,priceygoods.

1

Butinsteadofborrowingbooks,localpeopleareborrowingdrills,pastamakersandguitarsforanaffordablefee.Here’showtostartyourown:

Talk

to

your

neighbours

2

Dotheyfeeltheirhomeistoocluttered?Dotheywanttodotheirbitfortheenvironmentandspendlessmoney?Linkintolocalnetworksandaskpeopletovoteona“wishlist”ofitemstheycouldborrow.

ⅠⅡⅢⅣFind

a

spaceStartsmallinsomeone’sgarageorlocalmarkettoseewhatitemsaremostpopular.Thenfindspaceinbuildingsinurbanareaswithhighfootfallsuchaslibrariesorcommunityhubs.

3

Why

start

a

Library

of

Things?Wewerelivinginasmallhouseandneededsometoolstoputupshelves.Wedidn’twanttoownthetoolsandhiringthemwasexpensive!

4

InspiredbytoollibrariesintheUSandlendinglibrariesinBerlin,westartedasmallLibraryofThingslocallyandsevenyearslaterwe’rerunningfiveLibraryofThingslocationsacrossLondon.

ⅠⅡⅢⅣWhat

other

impact

on

the

local

area?We’verunverysuccessfuleventsledbyborrowerssuchasmendingmeetups,sewingclasses,DIYclasses.

5

Borrowershavepreviouslytestedoutnewfoodbusinessesatthemarketbyusingouritems.Andforevery￡10someonespendsonborrowing,￡8stayslocally,creatinglocaljobsandsupportingthelocalcommunityspaces.

ⅠⅡⅢⅣA.Findoutiflocalpeopleneedasharinglibrary.B.TheLibraryofThingshasamultipliereffectlocally.C.You’llneedsomemoneytosetupyoursharinglibrary.D.Butinruralareas,amobilesharinglibrarycouldwork.E.Wewerealsogettingannoyedaboutwastewewerecreating.F.Speaktootherswhohavedoneitandarewillingtosharetheirknowledge.G.Affordable,convenientandenvironmental-friendly,sharinglibrariesarepoppingup.ⅠⅡⅢⅣ答案及解析

【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了開設(shè)一家共享物品館的步驟和它對社會經(jīng)濟(jì)產(chǎn)生的積極作用。1.G

上文“Instead

of

cluttering

our

homes,garages

and

the

planet,setting

up

a

Library

of

Things

allows

neighbours

to

borrow

and

share

huge,pricey

goods.”提到要建立物品館,可知,空處承接上文,指出物品館出現(xiàn)了,與G項“價格合理、方便且環(huán)保的共享物品館正在涌現(xiàn)”符合,同時和下文“But

instead

of

borrowing

books,local

people

are

borrowing

drills,pasta

makers

and

guitars

for

an

affordable

fee.”構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,說明雖然共享物品館涌現(xiàn),但是人們沒有去借書而是租借了其他物品。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ2.A

根據(jù)下文“Link

into

local

networks

and

ask

people

to

vote

on

a

‘wish

list’of

items

they

could

borrow.”可知,通過鏈接可以讓人們對于可以借的物品進(jìn)行投票是對A項“了解當(dāng)?shù)厝耸欠裥枰蚕砦锲佛^”內(nèi)容的承接,指出了解當(dāng)?shù)厝耸欠駥蚕砦锲佛^有需求這一問題的具體做法就是通過在網(wǎng)上讓人們投票。3.D

根據(jù)上文“Then

find

space

in

buildings

in

urban

areas

with

high

footfall

such

as

libraries

or

community

hubs.”可知,上文介紹了在城市的哪些地方可以找到空間建立共享物品館,與D項“但在農(nóng)村地區(qū),移動共享物品館可以發(fā)揮作用”構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,表明在鄉(xiāng)村地區(qū)共享物品館的形式和城市中的情況有所不同。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ4.E

根據(jù)上文“We

were

living

in

a

small

house

and

needed

some

tools

to

put

up

shelves.We

didn’t

want

to

own

the

tools

and

hiring

them

was

expensive!”可知,我們不想為搭架子的工具花錢,和E項“我們也對自己制造的浪費感到惱火”都是對小標(biāo)題“為什么建立物品館”的原因舉例說明。5.B

上文“We’ve

run

very

successful

events”及下文“Borrowers

have

previously

tested

out

new

food

businesses...creating

local

jobs

and

supporting

the

local

community

spaces.”是對B項“物品館在當(dāng)?shù)鼐哂谐藬?shù)效應(yīng)”中的

multiplier

effect這一概念進(jìn)行了解釋說明,乘數(shù)效應(yīng)是指在公共工程項目之后帶來的消費水平和私人投資水平的上升,因為物品館舉辦的活動使人們的就業(yè)機(jī)會增加并支持了當(dāng)?shù)氐纳鐓^(qū)空間。Ⅲ.語法填空ⅠⅡⅢⅣDough(面團(tuán))sculpture,alsoknownasdoughflowers,1.

(date)backtotheHanDynasty(202BCE—220CE).AcrossnorthChina2.

_______

thefolkartiswidelyspread,peopletakedoughworksasreligiousofferingsandweddinggifts.

“Thedoughismadeofstarch(淀粉),glutinousriceflourandhoney,”saidLiuZenghui,adoughsculptureinheritorinBinzhou,ShandongProvince.Liustartedtolearndoughsculptureatanearlyage.Hisworkscentreon3._______

(hero)ofancientChinesemythsandclassics.Eachfigure,4.

theirshape,hairtothemusclesandlooks,issovividandeye-catching.

dates

where

heroes

from

ⅠⅡⅢⅣWatchingLiuworkis5.

visualdelight.Afterhefirstshapesthecolorfuldoughintoasimpleoutline,it6.

(attach)toasmallstick.Withaknife,thread,andtoothpicks,hethenrefinesitandeventuallycreatesalifelikeandvisually7.

(strike)doughsculpture.“Youcan’tbetoocarefultocontroltheknife,becauseoncethereisawrongcut,youneedtostartalloveragain.Concentrationisfundamental,”Liusaidinhisquietworkshop,whichensuresminimalnoiseand8.

(disturb).

Also,Liuisgladtobeinvited9.

(give)lecturesatschools.“Makingthetraditionalart10.

(access)tochildrenisnotonlyfunbutawaytokeepitalive,”hesaid.

aisattachedstriking

disturbance

togive

accessible

ⅠⅡⅢⅣ答案及解析

【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了中國傳統(tǒng)民間工藝品——面塑,并介紹了其傳承人劉增輝及其制作面塑的過程等。1.dates

考查動詞的時態(tài)和主謂一致。本句謂語動詞date

back

to無被動形式,根據(jù)上下文可知,時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時;主語Dough

sculpture為單數(shù),謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填dates。2.where

考查定語從句。先行詞為north

China,關(guān)系詞在定語從句中充當(dāng)?shù)攸c狀語,所以用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)。3.heroes

考查名詞的數(shù)。句意:他的作品以中國古代神話和經(jīng)典中的英雄人物為中心。根據(jù)后置定語“of

ancient

Chinese

myths

and

classics”可知,設(shè)空處的英雄人物不止一個,用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填heroes。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ4.from

考查固定搭配。句意:每個人物,從他們的輪廓、頭發(fā)到肌肉和長相,都是如此生動和引人注目。from...to...“從……到……”。故填from。5.a

考查冠詞。這里為抽象名詞具體化,a

visual

delight意為“一種視覺享受”,visual的發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭,用不定冠詞a修飾。故填a。6.is

attached

考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意:他先把彩色的面團(tuán)做成一個簡單的輪廓,然后把它綁在一根小棍子上。這里為本句謂語動詞,根據(jù)上下文可知,本句時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時;主語為it,和動詞attach之間為被動關(guān)系。故填is

attached。7.striking

考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意:然后,他用刀、線和牙簽對面團(tuán)進(jìn)行改進(jìn),最終創(chuàng)造出一個栩栩如生、視覺上引人注目的面塑。分析句子成分可知,設(shè)空處作定語,修飾其后的名詞“dough

sculpture”用形容詞striking,故填striking。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ8.disturbance

考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。分析句子成分可知,設(shè)空前的and表明此處為名詞,和上文的noise保持一致,故填disturbance。9.to

give

考查非謂語動詞。be

invited

to

do

sth“被邀請做某事”,故填to

give。10.accessible

考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意:他說:“讓孩子們接觸到傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)不僅意味著樂趣,也是一種讓它保持活力的方式?！痹O(shè)空處作賓語補(bǔ)足語,用形容詞,故填accessible。Ⅳ.應(yīng)用文寫作ⅠⅡⅢⅣ假如你是李華,在某社交平臺上看到一位外國小朋友Nick