Unit1CulturalHeritageDiscoveringUsefulStructures定語從句講義-高中英語人教版

一、定語從句:1.作用相當(dāng)于一個(gè)形容詞2.定語從句是名詞的一種后置修飾語二、定語的種類：三、定語從句兩要素：先行詞和關(guān)系詞1.先行詞：被定語從句修飾的對(duì)象2.關(guān)系詞：連接主句和從句，指代先行詞，同時(shí)在定語從句中充當(dāng)一定的成分的連詞。例:Ilikepeoplewhohaveagoodsenseofhumor.我喜歡有幽默感的人。先行詞關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞的三個(gè)作用:（1）連接作用（2）指代作用（3）成分作用4.關(guān)系詞的種類:關(guān)系詞先行詞在從句中的成分關(guān)系代詞Who人主語、賓語Whom人賓語Which物主語、賓語that人或物主語、賓語和表語關(guān)系副詞When時(shí)間狀語Where地點(diǎn)狀語Why原因狀語關(guān)系限定詞Whose人或物定語確定關(guān)系詞的方法:（1）看從句是否缺主語、賓語看先行詞詞義選關(guān)系詞例:(1)Thestoryhappenedonaday______theweatherwaswetandcold.(that)關(guān)系代詞Thestoryhappenedonaday______waswetandcold.(when)關(guān)系代詞主語關(guān)系代詞【who(人)、which(物)、that(人、物)例:(1)Ilikeguyswho/thatarehumorousandrich.(2)Iprefermusicwhich/thatsoundsgreat.注：指人時(shí)，who比that更常用，指物時(shí)，that比which更常用。動(dòng)詞賓語關(guān)系代詞【who指人，whom指人，which指物，that指人或物】注：關(guān)系代詞在從句中充當(dāng)賓語時(shí)，通?？梢允∪?。例：I’dreallyliketofindapartnerwhoIcantrust.(whom/that/省略)介詞賓語關(guān)系代詞【who指人，whom指人，which指物，that指人或物】例：ThemanwhoItoldyouaboutissittingoverthere.Whom/that/省略tellsbaboutsb/sth告訴某人關(guān)于某人/某事介詞前置ThemanaboutwhomItoldyouissittingoverthere.注：先行詞是人，關(guān)系代詞在從句中充當(dāng)介詞的賓語，且介詞提前到關(guān)系代詞之前，關(guān)系代詞只能用whom,不能省去。例：IlovemusicwhichIcandanceto.That/省略介詞前置：IlovemusictowhichIcandance.注意：定語從句從名詞后的連詞開始，到第二個(gè)謂語動(dòng)詞之前結(jié)束。練習(xí)：判斷下列句子是否正確。例：1.Thepeoplewhichlivenexttomearefriendly.Themanwhichtoldmethenewsrefusedtogivemehisname.Doyouknowthepeoplewholivesinthathouse.用不同的方式改寫下面句子。（1）That’sthepersontowhomItalked.（2）Ienjoyedthemusicthatwearelisteningto.4.定語關(guān)系限定詞whose先行詞是人或物，必須后接名詞。例：Thisisthemanwhosesondiedinthataircrash(空難).TheteacherwhosecourseI’mtalkingisexcellent.注：whose前后的兩個(gè)名詞有所屬關(guān)系，man可以有son,teacher可以有course.關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞一、when在定語從句中充當(dāng)時(shí)間狀語。例：IwillforgetthedaywhenImetyou.When可以用“介詞+which”結(jié)構(gòu)替換。例：1.IwillneverforgetthedayonwhichImetyou.2:30PMisthetimewhenhisplanearrives.atwhich1919istheyearwhentherevolutiontookplace.inwhichwhy在定語從句中充當(dāng)原因狀語例：That’sprobablythemajorreasonwhyhesuddenlylefttheschool.forwhichWhere在定語從句中充當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)狀語Where可以替換成“介詞+which”介詞由先行詞決定。Thecitywherewespendoursummervacationwasbeautiful.inwhich例題：無所不在的where：It’shelpfultoputchildreninasituationwheretheycanseethemselvesdifferently.Theripefruitshouldbestoredinaplace______contain