山東省濟(jì)南市2023年高三《英語》上學(xué)期期中試題與參考答案

山東省濟(jì)南市2023年高三《英語》上學(xué)期期中試題與參考答案第一部分：聽力做題時(shí)，可先將答案寫在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，必須將答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)：聽下面五段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whereisthecellphoneaccordingtothewoman?A.Intheman’sbag.B.Intheclassroom.C.Inthedininghall.2.Whatwill.themandolater?A.Havelunch,B.Attendclass.C.Watchagame.3.Whendidthefootballmatchstart?A.At4:45.B.At5:45.C.At8:30.4.Whydidthewomanrefusethejob?A.Togotoschool.B.Totravelaround.C.Tostaywithherfamily.5.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Makingacomplaint.B.Planningameeting.C.Offeringcomfort.第二節(jié)：聽下面五段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話和獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你都有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.WhatisTom’sfather?A.Ateacher.B.Azookeeper.C.Aphotographer.7.WhatisNancylikelytodothissummervacation?A.Visitazoo.B.Takelessons.C.Gosightseeing.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Hobbies.B.Aholiday.C.Teamwork.9.Whatdidthewomangetaprizefor?A.Climbing.B.Sailing.C.Walking.聽第8段材料，回答第10至第12題。10.Whydoesthewomanwanttowearahattothestadium?ATobefamous.B.Tostaywarm.C.Tobringjoy.11.Whatisthemanworriedabout?A.Beingtoocold.B.Missingthegame.C.Lookingfunnyinhishat.12.Whendoestheconversationtakeplace?A.OnFriday.B.OnThursday.C.OnWednesday.聽第9段材料，回答第13至第16題。13.WhereisKandafrom?A.Thailand.B.England.C.Russia.14.WhatisMr.Sungmainlytalkingabout?A.Solvingproblems.B.Doingbusiness.C.Hiringpeople.15.HowdoesMr.Sungsound?A.Optimistic.B.Anxious.C.Humorous.16.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Interviewerandinterviewee.B.Bossandworker.C.Husbandandwife.聽第10段材料，回答第17至第20題。17.Howmanyjobswillbeoffered?A.About220.B.About1,100.C.About2,000.18.Wherearethecopymachineslocated?A.Inthemainhall.B.Onthesecondfloor.C.Neartherestrooms.19.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutfirstimpressions?A.Makeplentyofcopies.B.Practiceaheadoftime.C.Askalotofquestions.20.Whatisthespeakerdoing?AMakinginvitations.B.Givingadvice.C.Seekinghelp.第二部分：閱讀第一節(jié)：閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AThe4BestGroupTravelTourCompaniesfor2022BestOverallGroupTravel:ExodusTravelsThisaward-winninggrouptravelcompanytakesprideinthousandsofrepeatcustomerswhosignupfortripsyearafteryear.Thesesmallgrouptoursoperatewithonlyaround12—16people,andalwaysfeatureexperiencedlocalleaderswhocangiveyouauniqueinsightintoyourdestination.BestAdventureGroupTravel:WorldExpeditionsWorldExpeditionsoffersactivetripsoneverycontinent.Travelerscanchoosefromtripsthemedaroundmountaineering,cycling,hiking,andsoon.Tripsarecreatedusingthecompany’sThoughtfulTravelCharterasaguidelinewhichemphasizesrespectforthelocalecosystem,havingapositiveimpactonlocalcommunities,protectingwildlife,andmore.BestBudgetGroupTravel:GAdventuresGAdventuresisoneofthebesttourcompaniesforsolotravelers.YoucanchoosetosharearoomwithanotherGAdventuressolotraveler,orpayextratohaveyourownspace.GAdventureskeepscostsdownbyofferingcheaperhotelsandlocalmeals,andmakingcertainactivitiesoptional.Familytours,locallivingtours,andwellness-focusedtoursarealsoavailable.BestSmall-groupTravel:IntrepidTravelsThisfantasticAustraliancompanyadoptsanindependenttravelstyleandisoneoftheworld’sleadingsmall-groupadventuretravelcompanies.Sinceitsfoundationin1989,Intrepidhasfocusedonprovidingastyleoftravelthathasallthebenefitsofindependenttravelwithnoneoftheusualtroubles,inwhichtouristsmeetlocalpeople,trylocalfoodandhavereallifeculturalexperiences.1.Whichcompanyissuitableforpeoplekeenoneco-tourism?A.GAdventures.B.ExodusTravels.C.IntrepidTravels.D.WorldExpeditions.2.WhatdoExodusTravelsandIntrepidTravelshaveincommon?A.Theywoninternationalawards.B.Theyprovidesmallgrouptours.C.Theycompeteforrepeatcustomers.D.Theyprovidefancyhotelsfortravelers.3.WhomightbemoreinterestedinGAdventures?A.Qualifiedtourguides.B.Peopleonatightbudget.C.Unusualpathadventurers.D.Peopleintoextremesports.【答案】1.D2.B3.B【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二部分的句子“Tripsarecreatedusingthecompany’sThoughtfulTravelCharterasaguidelinewhichemphasizesrespectforthelocalecosystem,havingapositiveimpactonlocalcommunities,protectingwildlife,andmore.（該公司以“貼心旅行章程”為指導(dǎo)原則，強(qiáng)調(diào)尊重當(dāng)?shù)厣鷳B(tài)系統(tǒng)，對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)產(chǎn)生積極影響，保護(hù)野生動(dòng)物等）”可知，WorldExpeditions這家旅游公司很注重對(duì)生態(tài)的保護(hù)，所以它適合于熱衷于保護(hù)生態(tài)的人們。故選D項(xiàng)。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一部分的第二句話“Thesesmallgrouptoursoperatewithonlyaround12—16people,andalwaysfeatureexperiencedlocalleaderswhocangiveyouauniqueinsightintoyourdestination.（這些小團(tuán)體旅行團(tuán)只有12-16人左右，而且總是有經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的當(dāng)?shù)貙?dǎo)游，他們能給你關(guān)于目的地的獨(dú)特見解）”和最后一部分的第一句話“ThisfantasticAustraliancompanyadoptsanindependenttravelstyleandisoneoftheworld’sleadingsmall-groupadventuretravelcompanies.（這家很棒的澳大利亞公司采取獨(dú)立旅行的風(fēng)格，是世界領(lǐng)先的小型冒險(xiǎn)旅游公司之）”可知，ExodusTravels和IntrepidTravels兩家公司的共同點(diǎn)是他們都提供小型旅行團(tuán)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三部分的第三句話“GAdventureskeepscostsdownbyofferingcheaperhotelsandlocalmeals,andmakingcertainactivitiesoptional.（GAdventures通過提供更便宜的酒店和當(dāng)?shù)夭惋嫞⑻峁┮恍┛蛇x擇的活動(dòng)，來降低成本）”可知，GAdventures的收費(fèi)肯定較低，所以適合預(yù)算緊張的人。故選B項(xiàng)。BAtree-plantinginitiativeinKenyahasseenover30,000treesbeingplanted.TheGreenGenerationInitiativeisaKenyancharitythathasbeenplantingtreestocounterclimatechangeandthereductioninforestintheEastAfricannationsince2016.FoundedbyclimateactivistElizabethWathutiwhenshewasfifteenyearsold,theinitiative’sprimaryfocusisondevelopingyoungclimateactiviststhroughenvironmentaleducationinschoolsandaddressingfoodinsecurityintheregionthroughplantingfruittrees.Sinceitsfoundation,over30,000treeshavebeenplantedinKenya,whilethousandsofschoolchildrenhavenotjustplantedtreesbutadoptedthemtoensurethatyoungpeoplelearntheimportanceofactingasaguardianoverthehealthoftheenvironment.Thetreeshaverecordedasurvivalrateofover98percent,astheyremaintendedtofromyoungtreestomaturity.SpeakingtoworldleadersattherecentUnitedNationsClimateConferenceinGlasgow(COP26),Elizabethissuedaseriouswarningonthethreatofclimatechange.OvertwomillionofKenyansarefacingclimaterelatedstarvation.In2025,halfoftheworld’spopulationwillbefacingwatershortage.Theclimatecrisiswilldisplace80millionpeopleinsub-SaharanAfricaalone.Elizabethsaid,“IhavebeendoingwhatIcan.InspiredbythegreatWangariMaathai,IfoundedatreegrowinginitiativethatenhancesfoodsecurityforyoungKenyans.”Sofar,theyhavegrown30,000fruittreestomaturity,providingdesperatelyneedednutritionforthousandsofchildren.“Everydayweseethatwhenwelookafterthetrees,theylookafterus.WearetheadultsonthisEarthrightnow,anditisourresponsibilitytoensurethatthechildrenhavefoodandwater,”sheadded.4.Whatistheinitiativeintendedfor?A.Makingpolicies. B.Raisingmoney.C.Educatingadults. D.Fightingclimatechange.5.WhatcrisisareKenyansencounteringatpresent?A.Hunger. B.Sickness C.Watershortage. D.Economicrisks.6.Whathasbeenachievedsince2016?A.3,000treeshavebeenplanted.B.Greenawarenesshasbeenraised.C.80millionpeoplehavebeensaved.D.Schooleducationhasbeenguaranteed.7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeElizabethWathuti?A.Friendlyandtalented. B.Caringandresponsible.C.Honestanddetermined. D.Ambitiousandhumorous.【答案】4.D5.A6.B7.B【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。為了應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化和森林減少以及由氣候變化帶來的饑餓問題，ElizabethWathuti創(chuàng)立的慈善機(jī)構(gòu)theGreenGenerationInitiative已在肯尼亞種了3萬多棵果樹?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的第二句話“TheGreenGenerationInitiativeisaKenyancharitythathasbeenplantingtreestocounterclimatechangeandthereductioninforestintheEastAfricannationsince2016.（theGreenGenerationInitiative是肯尼亞的一個(gè)慈善機(jī)構(gòu)，自2016年以來一直在這個(gè)東非國(guó)家植樹，以應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化和森林減少）”可知，這一倡議的目的是應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的第二句話“OvertwomillionofKenyansarefacingclimaterelatedstarvation.（超過200萬肯尼亞人正面臨與氣候相關(guān)的饑餓）”可知，肯尼亞目前面臨的危機(jī)是饑餓問題。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的第二句話“TheGreenGenerationInitiativeisaKenyancharitythathasbeenplantingtreestocounterclimatechangeandthereductioninforestintheEastAfricannationsince2016.（theGreenGenerationInitiative是肯尼亞的一個(gè)慈善機(jī)構(gòu)，自2016年以來一直在這個(gè)東非國(guó)家植樹，以應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化和森林減少）”可知，這一慈善機(jī)構(gòu)是2016年成立的；再由第二段的前兩句話“FoundedbyclimateactivistElizabethWathutiwhenshewasfifteenyearsold,theinitiative’sprimaryfocusisondevelopingyoungclimateactiviststhroughenvironmentaleducationinschoolsandaddressingfoodinsecurityintheregionthroughplantingfruittrees.Sinceitsfoundation,over30,000treeshavebeenplantedinKenya,whilethousandsofschoolchildrenhavenotjustplantedtreesbutadoptedthemtoensurethatyoungpeoplelearntheimportanceofactingasaguardianoverthehealthoftheenvironment.（該倡議由氣候活動(dòng)人士Elizabethwasthuti在15歲時(shí)發(fā)起，其主要重點(diǎn)是通過學(xué)校的環(huán)境教育培養(yǎng)年輕的氣候活動(dòng)人士，并通過種植果樹解決該地區(qū)的糧食不安全問題。自該項(xiàng)目成立以來，肯尼亞已種植了3萬多棵樹，數(shù)千名學(xué)童不僅植樹，而且認(rèn)養(yǎng)樹木，以確保年輕人了解作為環(huán)境健康的監(jiān)護(hù)人的重要性）”可知，該慈善機(jī)構(gòu)自成立以來，不僅種植了3萬棵果樹，還提高了年輕人的環(huán)保意識(shí)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)ElizabethWathuti創(chuàng)立慈善機(jī)構(gòu)的目的，特別是第三段的第一句話“SpeakingtoworldleadersattherecentUnitedNationsClimateConferenceinGlasgow(COP26),Elizabethissuedaseriouswarningonthethreatofclimatechange.（最近在格拉斯哥舉行的聯(lián)合國(guó)氣候大會(huì)上，Elizabeth對(duì)世界各國(guó)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人發(fā)表講話，就氣候變化的威脅發(fā)出了嚴(yán)重警告）”和第四段的第一句話“Elizabethsaid,‘IhavebeendoingwhatIcan.InspiredbythegreatWangariMaathai,IfoundedatreegrowinginitiativethatenhancesfoodsecurityforyoungKenyans.’（Elizabeth說:‘我一直在做我能做的。在偉大的WangariMaathai啟發(fā)下，我創(chuàng)立了一個(gè)植樹計(jì)劃，以提高肯尼亞年輕人的糧食安全’）”可以推論出，ElizabethWathuti是一位富有愛心和責(zé)任心的人。故選B項(xiàng)。CIfyou’vefolloweddietingadviceandexperiencedsignificantweightloss,onlytohaveitreturn;you’renotalone.It’salsonotyourfault.Thehumanbodyisdesignedtomaintainbalanceasmuchaspossible.Inarestrictedcalorieenvironment,thebodyadaptstousingfewercalorieseachdaytofunction.Thisleadstoaslowinginmetabolism,whichmakesiteven.moredifficulttoloseweightandultimatelyleadstogainingweightagain.Muscleismoremetabolicallyactivethanfat,whichmeansitburnsmorecaloriesatrestthanfatdoes.Ifyourbodystartsbreakingdownmuscletofuelitsbasicfunctions,thatcanfurtherslowyourmetabolismandmakelosingweightandkeepingitofflongtermdifficult.Becausethebodywantstopreserveweight,aslowapproachtolosingextrapoundsishealthierthansharplycuttingcalories.It’sbettertopaceyourweightlossbyeatingjustenoughcaloriestokeepyouatinsufficiencywhilestillmeetingmostofyourbodysenergyneeds.Thiswillhelpkeepyourmetabolismworkingefficiently.Determiningthenumberofcaloriesyouneedtoeattomeetthatrateofweightlosswilldependonseveralfactors,includingyourage,startingweight,activitylevelandsex.CandacePumper,astaffdietitianwiththeOhioStateUniversityWexnerMedicalCenterinColumbus,says,“TheAcademyofNutritionandDieteticspositionstatementonadultweightmanagementrecommends1,200to1,500caloriesperdayforwomenand1,500to1,800caloriesperdayformentosupportweightloss.”Shenotes,however,thoseguidelinesare“notmeanttosubstituteforprofessionalnutritionaladviceortreatment.It’srecommendedindividualsfollowtheadviceoftheirdietitian’sguidanceregardingappropriatecalorieintake,asmanyfactorsaffectcalorieneeds.”Shealsonotesthatifoneislookingtoloseweightquickly,hehastoworkwithandbesupervisedbyahealthcareprovider.8.Whydopeoplegainweightafterdietingforlong?A.Themuscleburnsfewercaloriesatrestthanfat. B.Thebodyfunctionsslowlybecauseofdieting.C.Itishardtostrikeabalancewhileinhunger. D.Itisimpossibletohavealong-termeffect.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“atinsufficiency”probablymeaninParagraph2?A.Beingimproper. B.BeingunhealthyC.Beinginadequate. D.Beingunnecessary.10.Whichofthefollowingmaydeterminecalorieloss?①age②weight③identity④genderA.②③④ B.①②③ C.①②④ D.①③④11.Whatissuggestedinthelastparagraph?A.Individualeffortsmatteralot. B.Professionaladviceisimportant.C.Calorieneedsvaryfrompersontoperson. D.Careproviderscanbereliedonforweightgain.【答案】8.B9.C10.C11.B【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了人們長(zhǎng)時(shí)間節(jié)食后體重會(huì)增加是因?yàn)楣?jié)食導(dǎo)致身體運(yùn)作緩慢。身體想要保持體重，緩慢的減肥方法比大幅減少卡路里更健康。為了達(dá)到減肥的速度，你需要攝入多少卡路里取決于幾個(gè)因素，包括你的年齡、初始體重、活動(dòng)水平和性別?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Inarestrictedcalorieenvironment,thebodyadaptstousingfewercalorieseachdaytofunction.Thisleadstoaslowinginmetabolism,whichmakesiteven.moredifficulttoloseweightandultimatelyleadstogainingweightagain.(在限制卡路里的環(huán)境中，身體適應(yīng)每天使用更少的卡路里來運(yùn)作。這會(huì)導(dǎo)致新陳代謝變慢，從而達(dá)到平衡。更難減肥，最終導(dǎo)致體重再次增加)”可知，人們長(zhǎng)時(shí)間節(jié)食后體重會(huì)增加是因?yàn)楣?jié)食導(dǎo)致身體運(yùn)作緩慢。故選B?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段中“Becausethebodywantstopreserveweight,aslowapproachtolosingextrapoundsishealthierthansharplycuttingcalories.(因?yàn)樯眢w想要保持體重，緩慢的減肥方法比大幅減少卡路里更健康)”以及劃線詞上文“It’sbettertopaceyourweightlossbyeatingjustenoughcaloriestokeepyou”和下文“whilestillmeetingmostofyourbodysenergyneeds”可知，健康的減肥最好是通過攝入足夠的卡路里來控制你的減肥速度，以保持你的不足，同時(shí)仍然滿足你身體的大部分能量需求。故劃線詞意思是“不足”。故選C。【10題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Determiningthenumberofcaloriesyouneedtoeattomeetthatrateofweightlosswilldependonseveralfactors,includingyourage,startingweight,activitylevelandsex.(為了達(dá)到減肥的速度，你需要攝入多少卡路里取決于幾個(gè)因素，包括你的年齡、初始體重、活動(dòng)水平和性別)”可知，年齡、體重和性別決定了卡路里的損失。故選C?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Shenotes,however,thoseguidelinesare“notmeanttosubstituteforprofessionalnutritionaladviceortreatment.It’srecommendedindividualsfollowtheadviceoftheirdietitian’sguidanceregardingappropriatecalorieintake,asmanyfactorsaffectcalorieneeds.”Shealsonotesthatifoneislookingtoloseweightquickly,hehastoworkwithandbesupervisedbyahealthcareprovider.(然而，她指出，這些指導(dǎo)方針“并不是要取代專業(yè)的營(yíng)養(yǎng)建議或治療。建議人們聽從營(yíng)養(yǎng)師的建議，攝入適當(dāng)?shù)目防?，因?yàn)橛绊懣防镄枨蟮囊蛩睾芏??！彼€指出，如果一個(gè)人想快速減肥，他必須與醫(yī)療保健提供者合作，并在其監(jiān)督下)”可推知，最后一段表明專業(yè)建議很重要。故選B。DVoicesofferlotsofinformation.Itturnsoutthattheycanevenhelpdiagnoseanillness.TheNationalInstitutesofHealthisfundingamassiveresearchprojecttocollectvoicedataanddevelopanAIthatcoulddiagnosepeoplebasedontheirspeech.Everythingfromyourvocalcordvibrations(聲帶振動(dòng))tobreathingpatternswhenyouspeakofferspotentialinformationaboutyourhealth,saysDr.YaelBensoussan,aleaderonthestudy.“Weaskedexperts:Ifyoucloseyoureyeswhenapatientcomesin,justbylisteningtotheirvoice,canyouhaveanideaofthediagnosistheyhave?”Bensoussansays.“Andthat’swherewegotallourinformation.”SomeonewhospeakslowandslowlymighthaveParkinson’sdisease.Speakingunclearlyisasignofastroke.Scientistscouldevendiagnosedepressionorcancer.Theteamwillstartbycollectingthevoicesofpeople.“Wewerereallylackinglargewhatwecallopensourcedatabases,”Bensoussansays.“Everyinstitutionhastheirowndatabase.Buttocreatethesenetworkswasreallyimportanttothenallowresearchersfromothergenerationstousethisdata.”Theultimategoalisanappthatcouldhelpbridgeaccesstoruralorunderservedcommunities,byhelpinggeneralpractitionersreferpatientstospecialists.Togetthere,researchershavetostartbycollectingdata,sincetheAIcanonlygetasgoodasthedatabaseit’slearningfrom.Bytheendofthefouryears,theyhopetocollectabout30,000voices,withdataonotherbiomarkers—likeclinicaldataandgeneticinformation—tomatch.Thereareafewroadblocks.HIPAA—thelawthatregulatesmedicalprivacy—isn’treallyclearonwhetherresearcherscansharevoices.“Let’ssayyoudonateyourvoicetoourproject,”saysYaelBensoussan.“Whodoesthevoicebelongto?Whatareweallowedtodowithit?Whatareresearchersallowedtodowithit?Canitbecommercialized?”12.WhatdoesYaelBensoussanmeaninParagraph2?A.Voicesmayhelpwithillnessdiagnosis.B.ScientistscanrelyonanAItodetectillness.C.Diseasesymptomscanbenotedbymachines.D.It’snecessaryfordoctorstolistentopatientstalking.13.Howwilltheresearchbecarriedout?A.Bybuildingabase.B.Bycollectingdata.C.Byconnectingcommunities.D.Bymatchingclinicalinformation.14.WhyisHIPAAmentionedinthelastparagraph?A.Toprovetheresearchers’idea.B.Toexplaintheproceduresofthestudy.C.Toimplytheproblemswiththeresearch.D.Toensurethecommercialvalueofthestudy.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.AnApplicationforVoiceStudyB.Data-collectedApproachtoResearchC.ABreakthroughinMedicalFindingsDSound-aidedAIHelpsWithDiagnosis【答案】12.A13.B14.C15.D【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述美國(guó)國(guó)立衛(wèi)生研究院正在資助一個(gè)大規(guī)模的研究項(xiàng)目，以收集語音數(shù)據(jù)并開發(fā)一種可以根據(jù)語音診斷人疾病的人工智能?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段“‘Weaskedexperts:Ifyoucloseyoureyeswhenapatientcomesin,justbylisteningtotheirvoice,canyouhaveanideaofthediagnosistheyhave?’Bensoussansays.‘Andthat’swherewegotallourinformation.’SomeonewhospeakslowandslowlymighthaveParkinson’sdisease.Speakingunclearlyisasignofastroke.Scientistscouldevendiagnosedepressionorcancer.(‘我們問專家：如果你在病人進(jìn)來時(shí)閉上眼睛，只聽他們的聲音，你能知道他們的診斷嗎？’Bensoussan說?！@就是我們獲得所有信息的地方。’說話低沉緩慢的人可能患有帕金森氏癥。說話含糊不清是中風(fēng)的征兆?？茖W(xué)家甚至可以診斷出抑郁癥或癌癥。)”可知，通過Bensoussan的話我們可以知道，聲音可能有助于疾病診斷。故選A選?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段“Togetthere,researchershavetostartbycollectingdata,sincetheAIcanonlygetasgoodasthedatabaseit’slearningfrom.Bytheendofthefouryears,theyhopetocollectabout30,000voices,withdataonotherbiomarkers—likeclinicaldataandgeneticinformation—tomatch.(要做到這一點(diǎn)，研究人員必須從收集數(shù)據(jù)開始，因?yàn)槿斯ぶ悄苤荒塬@得與其所學(xué)習(xí)的數(shù)據(jù)庫一樣好的數(shù)據(jù)。到四年結(jié)束時(shí)，他們希望收集到大約30000個(gè)聲音，以及其他生物標(biāo)志物的數(shù)據(jù)，如臨床數(shù)據(jù)和遺傳信息，以進(jìn)行匹配。)”可知，接下來研究所將要收集聲音數(shù)據(jù)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章最后一段“Thereareafewroadblocks.HIPAA—thelawthatregulatesmedicalprivacy—isn’treallyclearonwhetherresearcherscansharevoices.‘Let’ssayyoudonateyourvoicetoourproject,’saysYaelBensoussan.‘Whodoesthevoicebelongto?Whatareweallowedtodowithit?Whatareresearchersallowedtodowithit?Canitbecommercialized?’(這里有幾個(gè)障礙。HIPAA——監(jiān)管醫(yī)療隱私的法律——并不清楚研究人員是否可以分享聲音。‘假設(shè)你為我們的項(xiàng)目貢獻(xiàn)了自己的聲音，’YaelBensoussan說道?！曇魧儆谡l？我們可以用它做什么？研究人員可以用它來做什么？它可以商業(yè)化嗎？’)”可知，文章提到HIPAA是為了說明這研究所面臨的一些問題。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。由文章第一段“Voicesofferlotsofinformation.Itturnsoutthattheycanevenhelpdiagnoseanillness.TheNationalInstitutesofHealthisfundingamassiveresearchprojecttocollectvoicedataanddevelopanAIthatcoulddiagnosepeoplebasedontheirspeech.(聲音提供了很多信息。事實(shí)證明，他們甚至可以幫助診斷疾病。美國(guó)國(guó)立衛(wèi)生研究院正在資助一個(gè)大規(guī)模的研究項(xiàng)目，以收集語音數(shù)據(jù)并開發(fā)一種可以根據(jù)語音診斷人的人工智能。)”以及下文可知，文章主要講述美國(guó)正在研究以收集語音數(shù)據(jù)并開發(fā)一種可以根據(jù)語音診斷人疾病的人工智能。所以D項(xiàng)Sound-aidedAIHelpWithDiagnosis(聲音輔助AI幫助診斷)符合文意。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)：根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Work,familyandworldeventscanbesostressfulthatitfeelslikeoptimismandjoyarefaroutofreach.Anyonecangetstuckinabadmood—butyoudon’thavetostaythere!____16____Onceyou’reinamoodyouneedtoshake,startbygoingtoyourhappyplace.____17____Ifnot,keepaphotoonyourphoneorcomputerofabeautiful,favoriteplaceandtakeamomenttoimagineyourselfthere.What’stheweatherlike?Whatdoestheairsmelllike?Whatareyoudoingwhileyou’rethere?Howdoesbeingtheremakeyoufeel?You’llinstantlyfeelcalmer,lostinthedaydreamorthememoryofyourhappyplace.Wecanmakeoursituationsworsebykeepingthinkingaboutnegativethoughts.____18____“Badthingsalwayshappentome,”becomes“WhatlessoncanIlearnfromthissituation?”“Iwastedthewholeday,”becomes“Istillhave5morehourslefttomaketodayagreatday!”Whetheritisgoingforacoffeeatyourfavoritecafé,orcatchingamovieinthetheatre,makesurethatonceaweekyouschedulesome“me”time.____19____Thatmaymeangettinglessdoneduringtheday,butyoudeservetotakeamentalbreak,regularly.Sogiveprioritytothetimeyouneedtorecharge.____20____Whetherit’stherarebitofeasytrafficonyourwaytoworkorthebreakintheweather,youwon’thavetimetocomplainaboutthenegativethingsbecauseyou’resobusybeinggrateful.A.Youcanalsovolunteeratyourlocalshelter.B.Ithelpsfocusonthepresentandclearyourmind.C.Thankfully,therearewaysyoucangetbackontrack.D.Ifyou’reable,getintonatureandbreathethefreshair.E.Relieveyourstressandrefreshyourmind,bodyandspirit.F.Whenanegativethoughtflashes,replaceitwithapositiveone.G.Whenanegativeattitudetakesover,shakeitoffbypractisinggratitude.【答案】16.C17.D18.F19.E20.G【16題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Anyonecangetstuckinabadmood—butyoudon’thavetostaythere!(任何人都可能陷入糟糕的情緒——但你不必待在那里！)”可知，上文告訴我們?nèi)魏稳硕伎梢詳[脫糟糕的情緒，不必深陷其中，C項(xiàng)“幸好，有很多方法可以讓你回到正軌?！蹦軌虺薪由衔模夷軌蛞鹣挛?，下文介紹了擺脫糟糕情緒的方法。故選C?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Onceyou’reinamoodyouneedtoshake,startbygoingtoyourhappyplace.(一旦你有了需要擺脫的情緒，就你讓你快樂的地方開始。)”可知，上文告訴我們可以通過從讓你快樂的地方擺脫糟糕的情緒，D項(xiàng)“如果可以，進(jìn)入大自然，呼吸新鮮空氣。”能夠承接上文，“大自然”是讓你感到快樂的地方，你可以去那里呼吸新鮮空氣。故選D?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Wecanmakeoursituationsworsebykeepingthinkingaboutnegativethoughts.(我們可能通過不斷思考消極的想法來使我們的處境變得更糟。)”可知，上文告訴我們不斷思考消極的想法會(huì)使我們的處境變得更糟，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“當(dāng)消極的想法閃現(xiàn)時(shí)，用積極的想法代替它?！蹦軌虺薪由衔?，為了擺脫糟糕的情緒，我們要用積極的想法代替消極的想法。故選F?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Whetheritisgoingforacoffeeatyourfavoritecafé,orcatchingamovieinthetheatre,makesurethatonceaweekyouschedulesome“me”time.(無論是去你最喜歡的咖啡館喝咖啡，還是去電影院看電影，確保每周安排一些“我”的時(shí)間。)”可知，上文告訴我們每周要安排一些屬于自己的時(shí)間，E項(xiàng)“緩解你的壓力，恢復(fù)你的思想、身體和精神?！蹦軌虺薪由衔?，每周要安排一些屬于自己的時(shí)間，這樣做可以緩解你的壓力，讓你的思想、身體和精神得到恢復(fù)。故選E?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Whetherit’stherarebitofeasytrafficonyourwaytoworkorthebreakintheweather,youwon’thavetimetocomplainaboutthenegativethingsbecauseyou’resobusybeinggrateful.(無論是上班路上難得的順暢交通，還是天氣晴好，你都沒有時(shí)間抱怨負(fù)面的事情，因?yàn)槟忝χ卸鳌?”可知，下文告訴我們要學(xué)會(huì)感恩身邊的人和事物，G項(xiàng)“當(dāng)消極態(tài)度占據(jù)上風(fēng)時(shí)，通過練習(xí)感恩來擺脫它?！蹦軌蛞鹣挛?，告訴我們要通過感恩來擺脫消極態(tài)度，選項(xiàng)中的“gratitude”和下文的“grateful”相呼應(yīng)。故選G。第三部分：語言運(yùn)用第一節(jié)：閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。EarlyspringcanbeatoughtimeintheMidwest.Itcan____21____bothpeopleandanimalswithitsunexpectedsnowstorms.Everyspring,migratory(遷徙的)birdscampoutinalargepondnearmyhouseonthewaytotheirsummer____22____.Thisyear,besidesgeese,scaups,atypeofdivingduckspentdayshangingout____23____eats.Thenasnowstormhit,followedbyavery____24____night.Thenextmorning,Iwasshockedtoseethatallbirdshad____25____overnight—exceptonelonefemale,whowasdiving____26____anddynamicallyinthecircleofopenwater.Hermovementandbodyheathadkeptthe____27____fromcomingcloseasI____28____herfrommywarmhouse.However,asthetemperaturedropped,theopenwatergotsmaller,andhermovementsslowed.Iwatchedwith____29____assheeventuallystoppedmoving,fearingthatsomethingmighthappen.Andthenithappened:Twomoreducksappeared,____30____nexttoherstillbody.Moreduckscameandthecircleofwatercamealivewiththeirsplashinganddiving.Slowly,thecircleofwater____31____insize.Withinminutes,thelonefemalewasrevivedbyherfriends’presence.Thislittleduckwouldn’thave____32____anothernightwithoutherfriends.She,inturn,hadkeptthatareaofwater____33____,soherfriendshadaplacetostopand____34____themselves.Sometimes,atinyaction—evenourmere____35____—mightbrightenone’sday,andevensaveone’slife.21.A.scare B.move C.surprise D.beat22.A.camp B.vacations C.courses D.habitat23.A.regardlessof B.insearchof C.inadditionto D.asfor24.A.dark B.starry C.peaceful D.freezing25.A.gathered B.disappeared C.panicked D.fainted26.A.energetically B.patiently C.calmly D.cautiously27.A.ice B.house C.snowstorm D.water28.A.tended B.followed C.watched D.recorded29.A.relief B.doubt C.anxiety D.pleasure30.A.rowing B.landing C.circling D.feeding31.A.increased B.decreased C.transformed D.formed32.A.spared B.wasted C.spent D.lasted33.A.still B.open C.clean D.steady34.A.motivate B.remind C.judge D.refresh35.A.presence B.appreciation C.attitude D.request【答案】21.C22.D23.B24.D25.B26.A27.A28.C29.C30.B31.A32.D33.B34.D35.A【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文，文章通過敘述母鴨陷入危險(xiǎn)最終得救的故事告訴我們：一個(gè)小小的動(dòng)作，甚至是我們的出現(xiàn)，都有可能給某個(gè)人的生活帶來光明?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：它會(huì)以意想不到的暴風(fēng)雪讓人和動(dòng)物大吃一驚。A.scare使驚恐，嚇唬；B.move（使）移動(dòng)，使感動(dòng)；C.surprise使吃驚，給……驚喜；D.beat打敗。根據(jù)“withitsunexpectedsnowstorms”可知，早春時(shí)節(jié)會(huì)出現(xiàn)意想不到的暴風(fēng)雪，讓人和動(dòng)物都大吃一驚。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：每年春天，遷徙的鳥在去夏季棲息地的路上，會(huì)在我家附近的一個(gè)大池塘里扎營(yíng)。A.camp營(yíng)地；B.vacations假期；C.courses課程；D.habitat棲息地。根據(jù)“migratory(遷徙的)birds”可知，此處指遷徙的鳥在去往棲息地的路上，故選D?！?3題詳解】考查固定短語辨析。句意：今年，除了鵝，一種潛水鴨也花了好幾天的時(shí)間徘徊著來尋找食物。A.regardlessof不管；B.insearchof尋找；C.inadditionto除……之外；D.asfor至于。根據(jù)語境及“hangingout”可知，潛鴨徘徊是為了尋找吃的東西。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然后一場(chǎng)暴風(fēng)雪來了，接著是一個(gè)非常寒冷的夜晚。A.dark黑暗的；B.starry布滿星星的；C.peaceful平靜的；D.freezing極冷的，冰凍的。根據(jù)“Thenasnowstormhit”可知，暴風(fēng)雪襲來，接著應(yīng)是一個(gè)非常寒冷的夜晚，故選D?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：第二天早上，我驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)所有的鳥都在一夜之間消失了——只剩下一只母鴨，它正在開闊的水域里積極而活躍地潛水。A.gathered聚集；B.disappeared消失；C.panicked使恐慌；D.fainted昏厥。根據(jù)“exceptonelonefemale,whowasdiving____6____anddynamicallyinthecircleofopenwater”可知，除了一只孤單的母鴨，其他的都消失了。故選B?！?6題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.energetically精力充沛地；B.patiently耐心地；C.calmly冷靜地；D.cautiously小心地。此處和“dynamically(充滿活力地)”意義一致，energetically符合語境，故選A?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我在溫暖的屋子里看著她時(shí)，她的動(dòng)作和身體的熱量阻止了冰靠近。A.ice冰；B.house房子；C.snowstorm暴風(fēng)雪；D.water水。根據(jù)上下文語境可知，母鴨用她的體溫和身體運(yùn)動(dòng)的熱量使開闊的水域不被冰封住。故選A?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.tended傾向于；B.followed跟隨；C.watched觀看，注視；D.recorded記錄。根據(jù)此處對(duì)母鴨的描寫及下文“Iwatchedwith____9____assheeventuallystoppedmoving”可知，作者在溫暖的屋子里注視著這一切，故選C。【29題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我擔(dān)憂地看著她最終停止了移動(dòng)，擔(dān)心會(huì)發(fā)生什么事。A.relief寬慰；B.doubt懷疑；C.anxiety焦慮，憂慮；D.pleasure樂趣。根據(jù)“fearingthatsomethingmighthappen”可知，作者擔(dān)心母鴨，故選C?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然后事情發(fā)生了：又出現(xiàn)了兩只鴨子，降落在她靜止的身體旁邊。A.rowing劃船；B.landing降落，上岸；C.circling盤旋；D.feeding喂養(yǎng)。根據(jù)語境可知，兩只鴨子應(yīng)是降落在母鴨旁邊，故選B?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：慢慢地，水圈變大了。A.increased增加；B.decreased減小。降低；C.transformed使變形，轉(zhuǎn)化；D.formed形成。根據(jù)上文中“Moreduckscameandthecircleofwatercamealive”可知，