湖北省高中名校聯(lián)盟2023-2024學(xué)年高三第一次聯(lián)合測評(píng)英語試題

湖北省高中名校聯(lián)盟2024屆高三第一次聯(lián)合測評(píng)

英語

注意事項(xiàng)：

1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。

2、回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需

改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，用簽字筆或鋼筆將答案寫在

答題卡上。寫在試卷上無效。

3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到

答題卡上。

第一節(jié)（共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對(duì)話，每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題，每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。

1.Whoisthewomanlookingfor?

A.JenniferLopez.B.EmmaStone.C.BenAffleck.

2.Whendidthewomanhaveherbirthdayparty?

A.OnSaturday.B.OnFriday.C.OnThursday.

3.Whatdoesthemanrefusetohave?

A.Milk.B.Chocolate.C.Salad.

4.Whataretheytalkingabout?

A.Health.B.Weather.C.Environment.

5.Whydoesthewomanetotheman?

A.Toturntohimforhelp.B.Toinformhimofatest.C.Toremindhimtostudy.

第二節(jié)（共15小題;每小題分，滿分分）

聽下面5段對(duì)話或讀白，每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選

出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘。聽完后，各小

題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間，每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽第6段材料，回答第6至7題。

6.WhydidLisawinanaward?

A.Shewroteanicepoem.B.Shewroteagoodarticle.C.Shewrotebeautifulmusic.

7.WhatwillJustinspendhismoneyon?

A.Anewcamera.B.Anewputer.C.Anewguitar.

聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。

8.Wheredoesthewomanwanttogo?

A.TheGlobeTheater.B.Thetownhall.C.Thegarage.

9.Whywillitcostthewomanalottogettoherdestination?

A.Ifstheheavytraffictime.B.Thedestinationisfaraway.C.Shehasalottocarry.

10.Whatdoesthemanremindthewomantodo?

A.Shutthedoor.

B.Fillthecarupwithpetrol.

C.Takeherluggagewhengettingoff.

聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。

11.WhocalledSusanjustnow?

A.ThePrintingpany.B.RoyalpanyLimited.C.TheAdvertisingagency.

12.Whatcausedthedelayinprinting?

A.Anurgentcall.B.Atightschedule.C.Apowercut.

13.Whatisthemanexpectedtodorightaway?

A.Headtothefactory.B.Makeaphonecall.C.Getthebrochures.

聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。

14.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Teacherandstudent.B.Bestfriends.C.Familymembers.

15.WhoisMichaelWhite?

A.Amemberofaschoolclub.

B.Achampioncyclistinthetown.

C.Afriendofthewoman.

16.WhateventwillhappenonSunday?

A.Acyclingrace.B.Animportantexam.C.Ameeting.

17.Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?

A.Anewclub.B.TheOlympicGames.C.Homework.

聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。

18.WhatcanweknowaboutAlexaccordingtothespeaker?

A.Helovesgardening.B.Heworkswiththespeaker.C.HeisanInternetexpert.

19.WhathappenedtoAlexandhisteaminthetrip?

A.Theydiscoveredanewanimal.

B.Theyplantedvarioustreesintherainforest.

C.Theyhadbeenapartforsomenights.

20.WhatwillAlexdoontheshow?

A.Talkabouthisadventures.

B.Givesometipsonstudying.

C.Answersomequestions.

第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)

第一節(jié)(共15小題：每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

ThingstoDoinNorthernIrelandThisAutumn

WEEBINNIANWALKINGFESTIVAL(SEPTEMBER)

Theexactdatesofthisannualwalkingfestivalarestilltobeconfirmed,butififssimilartolastyear,it'lloffer

achoiceoftenwalksandhikesaroundtheMoumeMountains,rangingfromeasierlowlandroutestotough,

multisummitchallenges.Eveningsocialeventsarealsoincluded.

GREATNORTHLINKSCHALLENGE(1820OCTOBER)

Callingallgolfers.YoucanenterthisthreedayeventspreadalongthenorthcoastbetweenBallyliffin,Portruth

andPortstewart,asanindividualorteamoffour.AperfectopportunitytoplaythreeIrishOpenlinkscoursesin

threedays.

ARMAGHFOODANDCIDERWEEKEND(SEPTEMBER)

Afourdayfeastofauthenticfoodandartisanciders(蘋果酒)inIreland's"OrchardCounty”.Thiscelebration

isalsocoupledwiththetraditionalappleharvest.Youcantastelocalfoodfromthecountry'smostinventivechefs.

OULDLAMMASFAIR(LASTWEEKOFAUGUST)

PeoplehavebeenflockingtotheseasidetownofBallycastlesincethe17thcenturytocelebratethisfair.

AttractionsincludeaHeavyHorseShow,horsespeedeventsonthebeach,funfair,outdoorconcertandafireworks

display,aswellasuniquelocalproduceandhandmadeartsandcrafts.

1.WhatisthebestdatetoarriveifyouwanttoattendGREATNORTHLINKSCHALLENGE?

A.17thOctober.B.18thAugust.C.20thOctober.D.1stSeptember.

2.WhatcanpeopledoatthetownofBallycastle?

A.Playgolf.B.Gohiking.C.Watchhorseraces.D.Tasteappleciders.

3.Inwhichsectionofawebsitecanweprobablyreadthistext?

A.Tourism.B.Sports.C.Education.D.Arts.

【答案】l.A2.C3.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了今年秋天在北愛爾蘭可做的事情。

【1題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)uGREATNORTHLINKSCHALLENGE(1820OCTOBER)可知，大北路挑戰(zhàn)在10

月18日至20日之間舉行。再結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，如果你想?yún)⒓哟蟊甭诽魬?zhàn)賽，10月17日是到達(dá)的最佳日期。

故選Ao

【2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段uPeoplehavebeenflockingtotheseasidetownofBallycastlesincethe17thcentury

tocelebratethisfair.AttractionsincludeaHeavyHorseShow,horsespeedeventsonthebeach,funfair,outdoor

concertandafireworksdisplay,aswellasuniquelocalproduceandhandmadeartsandcrafts.(自17世紀(jì)以來，人

們就蜂擁到海濱小鎮(zhèn)巴利卡斯?fàn)杹響c祝這個(gè)博覽會(huì)。吸引游客的項(xiàng)目包括重馬表演、海灘賽馬比賽、游樂

場、戶外音樂會(huì)和煙花表演，以及獨(dú)特的當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)產(chǎn)品和手工工藝品)”可推知，人們可以在巴利卡斯?fàn)栨?zhèn)觀

看賽馬。故選C。

【3題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章標(biāo)題uThingstoDoinNorthernIrelandThisAutumn,,及下文介紹可知，文章介紹

了今年秋天在北愛爾蘭可做的事情。由此推知，我們可以在某網(wǎng)站的旅游板塊讀到這篇文章。故選A。

B

AliciaQuarleshasherhandsfullthesedays-bothofthem,atallhoursofthedayandnight.

“Havingababyunexpectedlyat41isonething;havingtwinsisawholeotherbeast,9,saystheglobal

entertainmenteditor.

Actually,untilherpregnancyQuarleshadbeenlivingatbreakneckspeed.Itwentsountillastyear.tuIwas

exhausted,9,shesays.'Tdbeenworkingthreejobs,doingmycharityandgoingnonstop.Iwasafraidmymental

healthwasgettingworse.,9InearlyAugustshetookherselftothehospital,toseeifshewasOK.Doctorsran

multipletestsandtoldherthatshehadhadananxietyattack,andshewas11weekspregnant.

“Shewasstressedanddepensated（代詞寸失調(diào)的）,soeverythingjustcametomorethanshecouldhandleatthe

time,“explainsdoctorMiriamBarnes,whobegantreatingher.""Fortunately,shetriedtobepositiveandseekhelp

frommeimmediately.Itoldhernottohaveanymedicationatthatstageandadvisedhertotakenaturaltherapy（療

法）

AweeklaterQuarleslearnedthatshewashavingtwins.Butinsteadofthatnewsaddingtoheranxiety,66atotal

peacecameoverme,anditfeltlikeitallmadesense,9,shesays.Quarles,whodidnottakeanymedication,returned

hometoherlovedonesinNorthCarolina,whereshegavebirthtoHudsonandHarlowonFeb.16.“There's

nothinglikefamily,9,shesays.66Ifoundoutthroughworkingonmyselfinnaturaltherapythattherewerealotof

thingsIhadn'tdealtwith.Ijustkeptgoing.”

ThesedaysQuarlesusessocialmediatodocumentherjoyfulmotherhoodjourney.Quarleshasputheranxiety

behindbutremainsintherapy-andwantstoencourageotherswhofeelstressedtogethelp.64AtfirstIfeltguilty

andembarrassed,,,sheadmits.66Idon'tanymore.Mymessageisyoucanfalldown.Butyoucanstandup,by

yourselforwiththehelpofothers.Ifsnotashame,andifsablessing.^^

4.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains"breakneck“underlinedinparagraph2?

A.Safeandslow.B.Fastanddangerous.

C.Excitingandterrifying.D.Gentleandfbrtable.

5.WhydidQuarlesreturntoNorthCarolina?

A.Togivebirthandmakesomefriends.

B.Tohaveabreakandtreatheranxiety.

C.Totakenaturaltherapyandstayalone.

D.Tolookafterherfamilyandvisitadoctor.

6.WhatdoesQuarlessuggestpeopleunderpressuredo?

A.Keepstandingup.B.Falldownifneeded.

C.Facewhateveres.D.Obtainassistancewhennecessary.

7.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.AnAnxious41yearoldMother

B.AMother'sAstonishingExperience

C.AnInterestingTasteofMotherhood

D.AMotherFightingHerMentalBreakdown

【答案】4.B5,B6.D7.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了41歲的艾麗西亞?夸爾斯由于壓力太大，患上焦慮癥，后來得知

自己懷了雙胞胎，于是夸爾斯開始用社交媒體記錄她快樂的母親之旅?？錉査挂呀?jīng)把焦慮拋在腦后，但仍

在接受治療，她想鼓勵(lì)其他感到壓力的人去尋求幫助。

【4題詳解】

詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第一段“AliciaQuarleshasherhandsfullthesedays一bothofthem,atallhoursoftheday

andnight.（這些天艾麗西亞?夸爾斯忙得不可開交一一無論是白天還是晚上）”及劃線詞下文“力was

exhausted,9,shesays."I'dbeenworkingthreejobs,doingmycharityandgoingnonstop.Iwasafraidmymental

healthwasgettingworse."（“我筋疲力盡，”她說?！拔乙恢痹谧鋈莨ぷ?，做慈善，不停地工作。我擔(dān)心

我的心理健康狀況會(huì)越來越差。"）”可知，夸爾斯工作繁忙，生活速度非?？?，以至于筋疲力盡。由此推

知，劃線詞breakneck與Fastanddangerous（快速危險(xiǎn)）意思接近。故選B。

【5題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中的uQuarles,whodidnottakeanymedication,returnedhometoherlovedonesin

NorthCarolina,whereshegavebirthtoHudsonandHarlowonFeb.16.“There'snothinglikefamily,9,shesays.<CI

foundoutthroughworkingonmyselfinnaturaltherapythattherewerealotofthingsIhadn'tdealtwith.Ijustkept

going.”（2月16日，她回到她在北卡羅來納州的親人身邊，生下了哈德森和哈洛?！皼]有什么比家人更好的

了，”她說。我發(fā)現(xiàn)，通過自然療法對(duì)自己進(jìn)行治療，有很多事情我沒有處理過。我只是繼續(xù)前進(jìn)。

可推知，夸爾斯回到北卡羅來納休息一下，治療她的焦慮。故選B。

【6題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Quarleshasputheranxietybehindbutremainsintherapy一andwantsto

encourageotherswhofeelstressedtogethelp.（夸爾斯已經(jīng)把焦慮拋在腦后，但仍在接受治療，她想鼓勵(lì)其他

感到壓力的人去尋求幫助）”可知，夸爾斯建議有壓力的人在必要時(shí)尋求幫助。故選D。

【7題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段中的uDoctorsranmultipletestsandtoldherthatshehadhadananxietyattack,andshe

was11weekspregnant.（醫(yī)生給她做了多次檢查，告訴她這是焦慮癥發(fā)作，而且她已經(jīng)懷孕11周了）“和第五

段中的Quarles,whodidnottakeanymedication,returnedhometoherlovedonesinNorthCarolina,whereshe

gavebirthtoHudsonandHarlowonFeb.16.“There'snothinglikefamily,9,shesays."Ifoundoutthroughworking

onmyselfinnaturaltherapythattherewerealotofthingsIhadn'tdealtwith.Ijustkeptgoing.9,（2月16日，她回

到她在北卡羅來納州的親人身邊，生下了哈德森和哈洛?！皼]有什么比家人更好的了，"她說。我發(fā)現(xiàn)，

通過自然療法對(duì)自己進(jìn)行治療，有很多事情我沒有處理過。我只是繼續(xù)前進(jìn)。”）”及最后一段中的“Quarles

hasputheranxietybehindbutremainsintherapy-andwantstoencourageotherswhofeelstressedtoget

help.（夸爾斯已經(jīng)把焦慮拋在腦后，但仍在接受治療，她想鼓勵(lì)其他感到壓力的人去尋求幫助）”可知，文章

講述了41歲的艾麗西亞?夸爾斯由于壓力太大，患上焦慮癥，后來得知自己懷了雙胞胎，于是夸爾斯開始

用社交媒體記錄她快樂的母親之旅，夸爾斯已經(jīng)把焦慮拋在腦后，并想鼓勵(lì)其他感到壓力的人去尋求幫助。

由此可知，D.AMotherFightingHerMentalBreakdown（一位與精神崩潰作斗爭的母親）適合作本文最佳標(biāo)題。

故選D。

C

Desperatelyillandseekingamiracle,DavidBennettSr.tookthelastbetonJan.7.whenbebecamethefirst

humantobesuccessfullytransplantedwiththeheartofapig."Itcreatesthebeat;itcreatesthepressure;itishis

heart,“declaredBartleyGriffith,directorofthesurgicalteamthatperformedtheoperationattheUniversityof

MarylandMedicalCenter.

Bennett,57,heldonthrough60tomorrows,farlongerthananypreviouspatientwho'dreceivedaheartfrom

anotherspecies.Hisremarkablemoofferednewhopethatsuchprocedures,knownasxenotransplantation（異種移

植）,couldhelprelievetheshortageofreplacementorgans,savingthousandsofliveseachyear.

Theearliestattemptsatxenotransplantationoforgans,involvingkidneysfromrabbits,goats,andother

animals,occurredintheearly20thcentury,decadesbeforethefirstsuccessfulhumantohumantransplants.

Rejection,whichoccurswhentherecipient'sbodysystemrecognizesthedonororganasaforeignobjectand

attacksit,followedwithinhoursordays.Resultsimprovedaftersomespecialdrugsarrivedinthe1960s,butmost

recipientsstilldiedafterafewweeks.Therecordforaheartxenotransplantwassetin1983,whenaninfantnamed

BabyFaesurvivedfor20dayswithanorganfromababoon（狒狒）.

Inrecentyears,however,advancesingeneeditinghaveopenedanewpossibility:reeditsomegenesin

animalstoprovideuserfriendlyspareparts.Pigscouldbeidealforthispurpose,becausethey5reeasytoraiseand

reachadulthumansizeinmonths.Somebiotechpanies.includingRevivicor,areinvestingheavilyinthefield.The

donorpigwasofferedbyRevivicorfromalineofanimalsinwhich10geneshadbeenreeditedtoimprovethe

heart'scondition.Beyondthat,thepigwasraisedinisolationandtestedregularlyforvirusesthatcouldinfect

humansordamagetheorganitself.

Thismedicalbreakthroughprovidedanalternativeforthe20%ofpatientsonthehearttransplantwaitinglist

whodiewhilewaitingorbeetoosicktobeagoodcandidate.

8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"run"inparagraph2referto?

A.Donatinghishearttoapatient.

B.Performingtheheartoperation.

C.Livingfor60daysaftertheoperation.

D.Receivinganewheartfromapig.

9.Whichaspectofxenotransplantationdoesparagraph3mainlyfocuson?

A.Itshistory.B.Itsprocedure.C.Itsconsequence.D.Itssignificance.

10.Whatmakespigsidealfbrprovidingsparepartsinxenotransplantation?

A.Theirgrowthrateandhealthcondition.

B.Theirlifepatternandresistancetoviruses.

C.Theireasinessofkeepingandrapidgrowth.

D.Theirinvestmentvalueandnaturalqualities.

11.WhywasBennett5soperationregardedasabreakthrough?

A.Itintroducednewmedicationstopreventorganrejection.

B.Itprovedthepotentialforusingorgansfromvariousanimals.

C.Itguaranteedasufficientsupplyofdonorpigsfbrtransplants.

D.Itofferedaprospectofreplacementorgansthroughgeneediting.

【答案】8.C9,A10.C11.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了第一個(gè)成功移植豬心臟的人，他堅(jiān)持了60天，比以往任何接受過

其他物種心臟移植的病人都要長得多。他的出色表現(xiàn)給人們帶來了新的希望，即，這種被稱為異種移植的

手術(shù)可以幫助緩解替代器官的短缺，每年挽救數(shù)千人的生命。這一醫(yī)學(xué)突破為心臟移植等待名單上20%的

患者提供了另一種選擇。

【8題詳解】

詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段中“Bennett,57,heldonthrough60tomorrows,farlongerthananypreviouspatient

who,dreceivedaheartfromanotherspecies.Hisremarkablerunofferednewhopethatsuchprocedures,knownas

xenotransplantation,couldhelprelievetheshortageofreplacementorgans,savingthousandsofliveseachyear.（57

歲的貝內(nèi)特堅(jiān)持了60個(gè)明天，比以往任何接受過其他物種心臟移植的病人都要長得多。他的出色表現(xiàn)給人

們帶來了新的希望，即這種被稱為異種移植的手術(shù)可以幫助緩解替代器官的短缺，每年挽救數(shù)千人的生命）”

可知，Hisremarkablerun指的是上文提到的“57歲的貝內(nèi)特堅(jiān)持了60個(gè)明天”,即手術(shù)后活了60天。故

選C。

【9題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Theearliestattemptsatxenotransplantationoforgans,involvingkidneysfrom

rabbits,goats,andotheranimals,occurredintheearly20thcentury,decadesbeforethefirstsuccessful

humantohumantransplants.Rejection,whichoccurswhentherecipient'sbodysystemrecognizesthedonororgan

asaforeignobjectandattacksit,followedwithinhoursordays.Resultsimprovedaftersomespecialdrugsanived

inthe1960s,butmostrecipientsstilldiedafterafewweeks.Therecordforaheartxenotransplantwassetin1983,

whenaninfantnamedBabyFaesurvivedfor20dayswithanorganfromababoon.（最早的異種器官移植嘗試發(fā)

生在20世紀(jì)初，涉及兔子、山羊和其他動(dòng)物的腎臟，比第一次成功的人對(duì)人移植早了幾十年。當(dāng)受者的身

體系統(tǒng)將供體器官識(shí)別為異物并對(duì)其進(jìn)行攻擊時(shí)，就會(huì)發(fā)生排異反應(yīng)，排異反應(yīng)會(huì)在數(shù)小時(shí)或數(shù)天內(nèi)發(fā)生。

20世紀(jì)60年代，一些特殊藥物問世后，效果有所改善，但大多數(shù)接受者仍在幾周后死亡。異種心臟移植的

記錄是在1983年創(chuàng)造的，當(dāng)時(shí)一個(gè)名叫“費(fèi)伊寶寶”（BabyFae）的嬰兒用狒狒的器官存活了20天）”可知，

第三段主要介紹了異種移植的歷史。故選A。

【10題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Pigscouldbeidealforthispurpose,becausethey'reeasytoraiseandreachadult

humansizeinmonths.潴可能是這個(gè)目的的理想選擇，因?yàn)樗鼈兒苋菀罪曫B(yǎng)，幾個(gè)月內(nèi)就能達(dá)到成年人的體

型）”可知，豬易養(yǎng)且生長速度快，是異種移植的理想供給品。故選C。

【11題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Inrecentyears,however,advancesingeneeditinghaveopenedanewpossibility:

reeditsomegenesinanimalstoprovideuserfriendlyspareparts.（然而，近年來，基因編輯的進(jìn)步開辟了一種新

的可能性：重新編輯動(dòng)物的一些基因，以提供用戶友好的備件）”及最后一段"Thismedicalbreakthrough

providedanalternativeforthe20%ofpatientsonthehearttransplantwaitinglistwhodiewhilewaitingorbeetoo

sicktobeagoodcandidate.（這一醫(yī)學(xué)突破為20%在心臟移植等待名單上的患者提供了另一種選擇，這些患者

在等待期間死亡或因病情嚴(yán)重而無法成為良好的候選者）”可推知，貝內(nèi)特的手術(shù)被認(rèn)為是一個(gè)突破，因?yàn)?/p>

它提供了通過基因編輯替代器官的前景。故選D。

D

Scienceisaprocessthatbuildsuponexistingtheoriesandknowledgebycontinuouslyrevisingthem.Every

aspectofscientificknowledgecanbequestioned,includingthegeneralrulesofthinkingthatappeartobemost

certain.Sowhyissciencetrustworthyifitisalwayschanging?Iftomorrowwewillnolongerseetheworldas

NewtonorEinsteinfoundittobe,whyshouldwetakeseriouslytoday'sscientificdescriptionoftheworld?

Theanswerissimple:Becauseatanygivenmomentofourhistory,thisdescriptionoftheworldisthebestwe

have.Thefactthatitcanbemadebettercan'tdiminish（降彳氐）thefactthatitisausefulinstrumentfor

understandingtheworld.

Considerafolkhealer'sherbalmedicine.Canwesaythistreatmentis“scientific"?Yes,ifitisproventobe

effective,evenifwehavenoideawhyitworks.Infact,quiteafewmonmedicationsusedtodayhavetheirorigin

infolktreatments,andwearestillnotsurehowtheywork.Thisdoesnotimplythatfolktreatmentsaregenerally

effective.Tothecontrary,manyofthemarenot.Whatdistinguishesscientificmedicineisthereadinesstoseriously

testatreatmentandtobereadytochangeourmindsifsomethingisshownnottowork.Aresearchdoctorina

modemhospitalmustbereadytochangehistheoryifamoreeffectivewayofunderstandingillness,ortreatingit,

beesavailable.

Whatmakesmodemscienceuniquelypowerfulisitsrefusaltobelievethatitalreadypossessesultimatetruth.

Thereliabilityofscienceisbasednotoncertaintybutonapleteabsenceofcertainty.AsJohnStuartMillwrotein

“OnLiberty”in1859,“Thebeliefswhichwehavemostwarrant（依據(jù)）for,havenosafeguardtoreston,buta

standinginvitationtothewholeworldtoprovethemunfounded.

12.Whydoestheauthorraisethetwoquestionsinparagraph1?

A.Toaddsomefun.B.Toexpressdoubts.

C.Tointroducethetopic.D.Toprovidebackground.

13.Whatcanwelearnabouttoday'sscientificdescriptionoftheworld?

AItcanbetimeless.B.Itcanbeimproved.

C.Itisoflittlevalue.D.Itisthebestatanymoment.

14.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardfolktreatment?

A.Dismissive.B.Objective.C.Pessimistic.D.Sympathetic.

15.Whatisthemainideaofparagraph4?

A.Itisunwisetobelieveinscience.

B.Toomuchuncertaintyliesinscience.

C.Thefoundationofscienceisunfounded.

D.Thelackofcertaintymakessciencecredible.

【答案】12.C13.B14.B15.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文。文章論述了盡管科學(xué)總是在變化，但是它還是值得信賴的原因。

【12題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Sowhyissciencetrustworthyifitisalwayschanging?Iftomorrowwewillno

longerseetheworldasNewtonorEinsteinfoundittobe,whyshouldwetakeseriouslytoday'sscientific

descriptionoftheworld?（那么，如果科學(xué)總是在變化，為什么它是值得信賴的呢？如果明天我們看到的世界

不再像牛頓或愛因斯坦發(fā)現(xiàn)的那樣，我們?yōu)槭裁匆J(rèn)真對(duì)待今天對(duì)世界的科學(xué)描述呢？）”及下文論述可推

知，作者在第一段中提出了兩個(gè)問題是為了引入文章話題。故選C。

【13題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Theanswerissimple:Becauseatanygivenmomentofourhistory,thisdescriptionof

theworldisthebestwehave.Thefactthatitcanbemadebettercan'tdiminish（降低）thefactthatitisauseful

instrumentforunderstandingtheworld.（答案很簡單：因?yàn)樵谖覀儦v史的任何時(shí)刻，這種對(duì)世界的描述都是我

們擁有的最好的描述。它可以變得更好這一事實(shí)不能削弱它是理解世界的有用工具這一事實(shí)）”可知，今天

對(duì)世界的科學(xué)描述還可以改進(jìn)。故選B。

【14題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的"Considerafolkhealer'sherbalmedicine.Canwesaythistreatmentis"scientific”?

Yes,ifitisproventobeeffective,evenifwehavenoideawhyitworks.Infact,quiteafewmonmedicationsused

todayhavetheirorigininfolktreatments,andwearestillnotsurehowtheywork.Thisdoesnotimplythatfolk

treatmentsaregenerallyeffective.Tothecontrary,manyofthemarenot.（考慮一下民間治療師的草藥。我們能說

這種治療是“科學(xué)的”嗎？是的，如果它被證明是有效的，即使我們不知道它為什么有效。事實(shí)上，今天

使用的許多常用藥物都起源于民間治療，我們?nèi)匀徊淮_定它們是如何起作用的。這并不意味著民間療法通

常是有效的。相反，許多民間療法并非如此）”可知，作者既陳述了民間治療的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，又提到了不足。由此

推知，作者對(duì)民間治療持客觀態(tài)度。故選B。

【15題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段中的"Whatmakesmodemscienceuniquelypowerfulisitsrefusaltobelievethatit

alreadypossessesultimatetruth.Thereliabilityofscienceisbasednotoncertaintybutonapleteabsenceof

certainty（現(xiàn)代科學(xué)之所以具有獨(dú)特的力量，是因?yàn)樗芙^相信自己已經(jīng)掌握了終極真理?？茖W(xué)的可靠性不

是建立在確定的基礎(chǔ)上，而是建立在完全不確定的基礎(chǔ)上）”可知，第四段主要論述了缺乏確定性使得科學(xué)

可信。故選D。

第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

Areyourteenagersgettingenoughsleep?Ifsthekeytoexamsuccess.Iftheysleepwell,theywillbemore

likelytoperformbetter.Herearesomepracticalwaysyoucanhelpthem.

16Parentsshouldavoidfallingasleeponthesofaintheeveningsorusingtechdeviceswhenit'slate,

mittoyourownbedtimeroutinesothatyourteenagercanbeyourfollower.

Workoutexactlyhowmuchsleeptheyneed.Teenagersshouldaimforbetweeneightandtenhours'sleepa

night,accordingtotheWorldHealthOrganisation.17Maybeit'seight,ormaybeit'snine.Butthosewho

getlessthansevenhoursmostnightsarenotgettingenough.

Establishawinddown（放松）routine.Oncetheyknowhowmuchsleepthey'reaimingfor,helpthemto

achievethisbynegotiatinga30to60minutewinddownroutinebeforetheygotobed,atthesametimeeverynight.

18

Letthemhaveaweekendliein.Enableyourchildrentogetupaslateastheycan,sparingthemthemorning

chores.]9Troublingteenagersoutofbedatweekendsworksagainsttheirsleeppattern.

20Theywillrewardyoumore.

A.Leadbyexample.

B.Letyourteenagershavemoresleep.

C.Halfanhourofexercisecanexcitetheirbody.

D.Buttheexactamountofsleepyourteenagerneedsisunique.

E.Gettinguplateoccasionallywillimprovetheirworkefficiency.

F.Onstudyleavedaysanextrahourinbedwillhelpthemconcentratebetter.

G.Abathwillbringthebodytemperaturedownadegreewhichisidealforsleep.

【答案】16.A17.D18.G19.F20.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一些可以幫助青少年保證睡眠充足的實(shí)用方法。

【16題詳解】

I艮據(jù)下文uParentsshouldavoidfallingasleeponthesofaintheeveningsorusingtechdeviceswhenifslate,mit

toyourownbedtimeroutinesothatyourteenagercanbeyourfollower.（父母應(yīng)該避免晚上在沙發(fā)上睡著，或者

在很晚的時(shí)候使用科技設(shè)備。保證你自己的就寢時(shí)間，這樣你的孩子就會(huì)成為你的追隨者）”可知，本段主

要講述了父母應(yīng)該做孩子的好榜樣。由此可知，A.Leadbyexample.（以身作則）適合作本段主旨句，符合語

境。故選Ao

【17題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“Workoutexactlyhowmuchsleeptheyneed.Teenagersshouldaimforbetweeneightandtenhours）

sleepanight,accordingtotheWorldHealthOrganisation.（算出他們到底需要多少睡眠。根據(jù)世界衛(wèi)生組織的建

議，青少年每晚應(yīng)該保證8到10個(gè)小時(shí)的睡眠）”可知，本段主要講述青少年需要的睡眠時(shí)間。由此可知，

D.Buttheexactamountofsleepyourteenagerneedsisunique.（但是你的青少年需要的確切睡眠時(shí)間是獨(dú)一無

二的）能夠銜接上文，符合語境。故選D。

【18題詳解】

根據(jù)上文uEstablishawinddown（放松）routine.Oncetheyknowhowmuchsleepthey'reaimingfor,helpthem

toachievethisbynegotiatinga30to60minutewinddownroutinebeforetheygotobed,atthesametimeevery

night.（建立一個(gè)逐漸放松的例行程序。一旦他們知道了自己想要的睡眠時(shí)間，就可以在每晚睡覺前的同一時(shí)

間安排30到60分鐘的放松時(shí)間來幫助他們實(shí)現(xiàn)這個(gè)目標(biāo)）”可知，本段主要講述睡前安排一些放松時(shí)間。

由止匕可知，G.Abathwillbringthebodytemperaturedownadegreewhichisidealforsleep.（洗澡可以使體溫降低

一度，這是睡眠的理想條件）屬于一種放松方式，符合語境。故選G。

【19題詳解】

根據(jù)上文uLetthemhaveaweekendliein.Enableyourchildrentogetupaslateastheycan,sparingthemthe

morningchores.（讓他們周末睡個(gè)懶覺。讓你的孩子盡可能晚起，讓他們少做早上的家務(wù)）”可知，本段主要

講述學(xué)習(xí)休假的日子里，讓孩子多休息。由此可知，F(xiàn).Onstudyleavedaysanextrahourinbedwillhelpthem

concentratebetter.（在學(xué)習(xí)休假的日子里，多睡一小時(shí)有助于他們更好地集中注意力）能夠銜接上文，符合語

境。故選F。

[20題詳解】

此處位于文章尾段，B.Letyourteenagershavemoresleep.（讓你的孩子有更多的睡眠）能夠照應(yīng)首段中的

“Herearesomepracticalwaysyoucanhelpthem.（這里有一些實(shí)用的方法可以幫助他們）"，同時(shí)引起下文

“Theywillrewardyoumore.（他們會(huì)回報(bào)你更多）”，符合語境。故選B。

第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

The8yearoldboyacrossthestreetstormedinandoutofhisownhouseveryoften.Aneighbor,WilliamDunn,

21whatwasgoingoninhislife.SoDunnaskedhim.

“Hetoldmethathedidn'thavea22JsaysDunn,now58,“andIrealizedtherewas23Icoulddo

fbrThatsomethingwas24apassionDunn'sfatherhadsharedwithhim.

Dunnhastakengroupsofkidsoutalmostevery25tofish.Mostdidn'thavefatherfiguresintheirlives

andhadneverfished."They'dbeenthroughalot,andtheirliveswere26JDunnsays."Butwhentheywere

fishing,allofthat27Outontheboat,they'dbesmiling,andeven28

Jayden,now13,hasbeeadevotedfishermanand29Dunnwithhelpinghimmature.66Ihopeheknows

ImeanitwhenIsaythankyou,^^hesays.

Justas30asthefishingarethe31Dunnformswiththekids."WhenJaydenwasgoing

througha32periodrecentlyinstudy-IletDunnknowthathisgradesweresufferingandhehada

littletalkwithJayden“Jayden'smothersays.Toherdelight,Jayden'sgrades33improvedinthenext

exam.

“Thereisnothinglikeseeinga34lightupwithasmile,9,Dunnsays."Ifeellucky

to35thatever