2014年4月自考00603英語寫作試題及答案含解析

英語寫作年月真題

0060320144

1、【問答題】**I.Supplythemissingparagraph.(20points)****Thefollowing

passageisincompletewithoneparagraphmissing.Studythepassagecarefullyand

writethemissingparagraphinabout100words.Makesurethatyourtoneand

dictionareinunitywiththepassageprovided.****ThePositiveEffectsof

OwningaDogonChildren**Dogsarethebestfriendofchildren.Thedogandthe

childteacheachotherthingsandtheylookaftereachother.Owningadogcan

havepositiveeffectsonachild’sdevelopment.Havingadogdevelopsachild’s

senseofresponsibility,broadenshiscapacityforempathy,andteacheshimthe

natureof

friendship.______________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________

_____Anotherlessonthatachildcanlearnfromhavingadogishowto

beempathetic.Adogcannotexpressitselfwithspeech,soitsownermustlearnto

understandwhatthedog’sbehaviormeans.Isthedogfrightened,aggressive,or

sick?Thechildneedstounderstandwhatisgoingoninthedog’smind.The

resultoflearningtoreadadog’sbehavioristhatthechilddevelopsmpathy.By

learninghowtoempathizewithadog,thechildalsolearnshowtoempathizewith

otherpeople.Thisleadstothechildbecomingamoreconsiderateandcaring

person.Beingconsiderateandcaringareimportantcharacteristicsinagood

friend.Oneofthemostsignificantbenefitsofowningadogistheexampleof

truefriendshipthatadogprovides.Adoggivesunconditionallovetoitsowner.

Adogwillnotstoplovingitsownerbecauseofalittleanger,indifference,

orneglect.Adogwillwaitpatientlyforitsownertopatitsheadandsaya

fewkindwords.Thisacceptanceofthenegativequalitiesandappreciationfor

thepositivequalitiesofitsownerprovideawonderfulmodelofhowtobea

goodfriend.Achildwhohaslearnedtobeasgoodafriendtoothersashisdog

istohimwillhavelearnedoneofthemostvaluablelessonsinlife.Theseare

someofthemostimportantlessonsachildwilleverlearn.Thebenefitsofowning

adogwilllastinthechild’sentirelifetime.Theunderstandingand

appreciationofresponsibility,empathy,andfriendshipthatachilddevelopsfrom

theexperienceofhavingadogwillhelphimorhergrowintoareliable,caring,

andmatureadult.

答案：Havingadoghelpsachildlearnhowtoactresponsibly.Asadogowner,

thechildmusttakecareoftheanimal’sdailyneeds.Thedogmustbefed

andexercisedeveryday.Thedogiscompletelydependentonitsownerforall

itsneeds,includingtheneedforgoodhealthandasafeenvironment.Ifthe

childforgetsanyoftheseresponsibilities,orignoresanyofthedog’sneeds,

thedogwillsuffer.Thisteachesthechildthathisresponsibilitytothedog

ismoreimportantthanhisdesiretoplaywithhistoys,talkonthephone,

orwatchTV.【評分參考】1．本部分滿分20分，按四個檔次給分。其中12分為及格

分，需要慎重把握。2\.提供的答案僅供參考。如果考生的回答與參考答案意思相近，或

思路新穎，且有創(chuàng)見，即使在整體上不夠全面，也應(yīng)酌情給高分，但不得超過該題最高分

值。如果考生的回答與參考答案不完全吻合，但上下一致，語氣連貫，條理清晰，應(yīng)按正

確答案給分。3.寫作的用詞量如果不符合要求，應(yīng)酌情減分。4.回答中的拼寫錯誤可以

每四個扣l分，但不重復(fù)扣分。5.分值不得出現(xiàn)0.5分。

2、【問答題】**Ⅱ.Writeanoutline.(20points)****Readthefollowingpassage

carefullyandcomposea“topicoutline”forit.****ActingoutMetaphors

EncouragesCreativeThinking**Ithappensinschools,offices,andboardrooms

everywhere:someoneworkingonaprojecthitsamentalblock.Abossorteacher

mightresorttoametaphorlike“thinkoutsidethebox”or“puttwoandtwo

together,”encouragingacreativesolutiontotheproblem.Asitturnsout,this

isn’tjustabstractadvice.AccordingtoanupcomingissueofPsychological

Science,literallyworkingoutsideofaboxorputtingtwohalvesofsomething

togetherjustmighthelpthosecreativejuicesstartflowingagain.Sincephysical

metaphorsregardingcreativityaresocommonandappearinginseveraldifferent

languages,agroupofresearchershypothesizedthattheymayextendbeyondmere

metaphors.Theirstudyindicatesthatactingoutmetaphorsliterallycanaffect

howourmindswork.Inthefirstpartofthestudy,theresearchersasked102

undergraduatestoperformaRemoteAssociatesTest(RAT),inwhichthesubjects

weregiventhreeseeminglyunrelatedwordsandaskedtocomeupwithawordthat

relatestoeachone.Forexample,thesubjectmightbegiven“measure,”

“worm,”and“video,”andthecorrectresponsewouldbe“tape.”The

participantsweredividedintothreegroups;onegroupwasaskedtoperformthis

taskwhilesittinginsidea5’by5’cardboardbox,anothergroupsatoutside

thesamebox,andthoseinthethirdgroupperformedthetaskwithoutaboxinthe

roomatall.Noneoftheparticipantsknewthehypothesisbehindthestudy;they

weremerelytolditwasanexperimentondifferentworkingenvironments.Therewas

nodifferenceinperformancebetweenthoseinsidetheboxandthosewithnoboxat

all.However,theparticipantsthatwereseatedoutsidetheboxdidmuchbetteron

theRATthantheothertwogroups.Apparently,somethingaboutliterally

“thinkingoutsidethebox”encouragescreativity.Asecondexperimentlookedat

anotherwell-knownpieceofadvice:to“puttwoandtwotogether”tocomeup

withananswer.Inthestudy,64subjectsweredividedintotwogroups.Thefirst

grouphadtoperformaRATwhilejoininghalvesofcutpapercardsfrompileson

eachsideofadesk.Thesecondgroupperformedasimilartask,butonlyhadto

movecardhalvesfromonesideofadesktotheotherside.Those“puttingtwo

andtwotogether”byunitingthetwohalvesofthecardsdidfarbetteronthe

RATthanthosethatweremerelymovingthecardsfromonepiletoanother.So,

actingoutmetaphorslinkedtocreativityreallycanhelpusthinkcreatively.In

fact,itdoesmorethanletusaccesstheknowledgewepresentlyhave;it

encouragesustocomeupwithnew,uniqueandcreativeideas.Nexttimeyou’re

stuckonaproblem,takeaminutetoponder—orevenactout—yourfavorite

metaphor,andyoumighthappenuponagreatsolution.**TopicOutline**

答案：TopicOutlineⅠ.Introduction(Paras.1-2)A.Useofmetaphorsfor

creativesolutionstoproblemsB.Thesis:Actingoutmetaphorsliterallycan

affecthowourmindswork.Ⅱ.Researchers’experiments(Paras.3-6)A.First

experimentof“thinkingoutsidethebox”1\.ParticipantsperformingRAT

inside,outsideorwithoutabox2\.Betterperformanceofparticipantssitting

outsideaboxB.Secondexperimentof“puttingtwoandtwotogether”1\.

ParticipantsperformingRATwhileunitingormovingcardhalves2\.Better

performanceofparticipantsunitingcardhalvesⅢ.Conclusion:Actingout

metaphorsencouragingcreativethinking(Para.7)【評分參考】1.本部分滿分20

分，按四個檔次給分。其中12分為及格分，需要慎重把握。2.