2023-2024學(xué)年安徽省蕪湖市鳩江區(qū)沈巷中學(xué)八年級（上）開學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)試卷（含解析）

2023-2024(±)

($*^￡io/J'gg,￡4o.o5K

1.BMMft-^W'Cxjj?lVOfffxttWW.MyWêM$f4,SP

A.(4,2)MK(-4,2)B.(4,—2)§k(—4,—2)

C.(4,-2)f￡(-5,-2)D.(4,-2)B￡(-1,-2)

2.T??±3^27f??t^?;?^?W^TOfimJ;@-V=8=2;@<16W

WW±4:(5)-9^816ùM^TM.)

A.14B.24C.34D.44

3.?5C;[5.7]=5,[5]=5,[-?T]=-4,

ftl-M[^]=3-MMB1()

A.5<x<7B.5<x<7C.5<x<7D.5<x<7

f6x-5>m?,

4.^Txra^'^#34^W,=^9+1?W&

123

?lk,P'iJ^i4^{4?<J^Wg?kmZ4n^()

A.—6B.-5C.-3D.—2

5.$nS,D&^ACh,BD=^AB=\cD,F&CDf|<J,EF=5,

M4B|ft-|è;/g()

■1111?

AEDBFC

A.5B.6C.7D.8

6.8,x,ü!ijafeüxWm<?êffl^()

A.3<x<8B.5<x<13C.3<x<13D.8<x<13

7.J14^4}->b^??<]rt?ai^i620o,

A.10B.11C.12D.14NfPWnJf?

8.?nffl,zl+z2+z3+z4+z5+z6+z7=()

A.480°

B.500°

C.540°

D.600°

9.M.^AB.CDfàRTtiO,&&AD,CB,^DAB??ZBCDtt]

Pl?lzP^zD,aBZmmZfa

()

A.zP=2(zP-ZD)

B.zP=|(zD+zD)

1

C.zP=±zfi+zD

D.zP=zfi+^zD

10.M:@@(3)+,ZA=42°,Z1=Z2,Z3=Z4,KlJzOj+ZO2+Z?3=g.()

A.84B.111C.225D.201

WM4t20.05)-)

2yy

11.+3yZ>’

12.M,△AFC’f?E^jBCiùZ—ti,CE=2BE,^D^jACffy^p

￡QfêDE'AE,WDEfà^&F,'&&AF,^^MABEFf?W?

ZE6,PüIAAPC???S^RXE.

13.M?:?^M?^^xOy-KWS

y$ùO?r”></—&^1OU|S|,&??tt^ABCD,W(13),C(3,l),

^JEMABCD^-'^±.^^,;M?

MABCD^&2023'^^^,.

14.^S,D^A/lBCft—￡,&f?AD.BD.CD,P^BDCtfy%￥ft^fafcfà&t?￡±.fà

—￡,&&BP,/.ABP=2/.PBD,A4BC^A4CDf?^?Y#M￡TaQ,^zQ=45°,

/_BDC=A/.ABD,MzPf?j?^°.

Si+MIS($±^i'h^,*8.0?)

15.B&M=a2—2ab+b2,B=a2+2ab+b2.

(l)j￡F-A;

(2)?ü^'2A+B-C=0,^a=2,b=-jltf,

El.($±^*8/hgê,#82.0#o

16.($'h^8.0#)

(l)i+W:V8+|3-^|-<^5+AT2;

oiQ3+x

2x+3>—.#^H1-èé1W?.

{2%—6<6—2x

17.c$/bl§8.o#)

1J(5x+2y=19’

(xy+11

(2)123

I3x+2y=10

18.(*/J^8.0^)

?EOT,HWAlWW30^1(-2,l),S(—3,—2),C(l,-2),ft^A?BCfà±TO3'Mê-

f?iéJS,

(l)i￡Kr|Ti?iiUA

(2)j&4vBr,.>;

(3)^A/lBCa<jffi^;

(4)^ytt±W-aP,fiüAFSC^A?FC?H?Wl^,

19.(*<h?10.0^)

B^5a+2W?L^M3,3a+b-iWWMcM<l3fi<J

(l)^a,b,c?ü<;

(2)^3a-b+c?WM.

20.Gfc'bj^lO.O#)

tin?,^MABCD^1,AE,DFWA^BAD,H/4E1DFT?O.féKDFX

ABttJt?&?èrF&M.

(l)^iiE:AB//DC-,

?l^LMBC=120°,LBAD=108°,5￡Z.C,zDFEa'jM-

A/

21.($<h?12.0fr)

#Tx,yS5C~SJ?-:T(x,y)=ax+2by-IfM't'a,JèS

?llftl:T(2,l)=2a+2b-l.

(1)BW(1,1)=3,T(2,-l)=l.

@>Ra,b?W;

#?fcf?W?êH.

(2)^T(x,y)=T(yx)#T^E&^O?^^x,^aAj&?R??^^S;.

22.(*/>?12.0^)

M,1BC^-H,m^CIH^BID^M.

23.(*/hj^l4.O5?

(1)M1,i&Z?=X,!?1U1+Z2=;

￡jl-f?￡lJ￡71'&,iBz/l'￡)B>gzl,z/l'EC^z2.

@$□02,zl,Z2±3Z/1?WM^^^;

@&1[?]3,WftWtiUl,Z.2^Z>II?W11^M,#&^?Ié.

(3)M4,ftl-3^K^>a-,

Z.1+Z.24-Z.3+Z.44-Z.54-Z.6=

I.1?S)B

(Wt/rlW;vM(3,-2)^

??■M'KOfey=-2,

??■“M'Wy$é?9??M^-T-4”,

???M'f?jM^4^-4.

W,OT4O(4.-2)sR(—4,-2),

faJ?B.

è“MW$è?W^<T4"RTW,

èfSMWMW?.ffiWMM?.

MW.

2.A

[MJ[^]

JOWniR?^:

-ME^6W^W2^;

inm

W:?3^27W?m,

164

(3)-V—8=2MWJ;

@y/~?6=4,4?<j￥7;-ffi^±2,

@9^81éI<JW^￥^,

faiaA.

3.[^]A

[W^i'lW:

3<?y-<4,

6<x+1<8,

5<x<7,

A.

*MlT?-7C-yxWal,

4.A

(6x—5>m?

(Mt/rlW:|x_i-i<1^?

X<4,

vW5W^?W3^$mM.

.-.0<^<l,

O

??■—5<m<1,

è^=?+1H,

y—2=m—2+3,

y=m+3,

???m+3>0,

■?■m>—3,

tzT-k^Jfü--3<m<l,

-3,-2,-1,0,1,

A.

?wipm^<x<4,wafê?nn#o<^<i,A

OO

[?n^fh-5<m<1,=m+3,+3>0,itW?J

5.B

[ftWlft?;?BD=x,WAAB=3x,CD—Ax,

"^AB.F,

:.BE='-AB=1.5x,DF=^CD=2x,

???EF=BE+BF=BE+DF-BD,EF=5,

■?■1.5x+2x—x=5,

m-.x=2,

i&AB=3x2=6.

iftifè:B.

i&BD=x,üüMff=3x,CD=4x,=±AB=1.5x,DF=2x,fcftEF=5f?tOf?l.5x+

2x-x=5,SjttHxBP

>m$Zl's]W-W?W1.

6.D

[fü?W]W:?■?5+8=13,8-5=3,

■?■3<x<13,

Xvx^H^^4>?a<jjà,

■?■8<x<13.

D.

7.D

[?W1

[^■^1

M:???Pi/ù^^i620°n<j^iiJfXi'jja^X^+2=il,

loU

a'Jià^>jl2;

WIOW&W^,Mil.

^±,JM^^ià^aùü^nr^io,n>12,

M:D.

8.[^1C

(W11W:in?,

èK&WjrtA^#,z2+z3+z54-z8—360°,z6+z7+z9+Z10=360°,

.-.z2+z3+z5+z8+z6+z7+z9+zlO=720°,

■:Z8+Z9=180°,Z10=Zl+Z4,

??■zl+z2+z3+z5+z8+z6+z7=720°-180°=540°,

C.

z2+z3+z5+z8=360°,z6+z7+z9+Z10=360°,W#U8+

z9=180°,zl0=zl+z4,Kà^SHBIJnT.

9.B

(MlM:?■?zD?FfnzFCDlOT^?PfllCPlE^?;/’,

??■ADAP=Z.PAB,Z-DCP=z.PCB,

?;tD+LDAP=LP+LDCP?,

LPAB+LP=LB+LPCB@,

????-?W:LD-LP=LP-LB,

:.2LP=LD+LB,

B|JzP=|(ZD+ZB).

f?ja:B.

=/PAB,/DCP=/PCB,

SOJzD+/DAP=/P+zDCP,/PAB+zP=/B+/PCB,^jH3EM?MgMfOJzP-^z￡%/B

???HftMrtOiféS:AM&f?TOWHl“8”^,W.

10.[^]D

(M-ffil[^1

HOtOMWft?ffiW.

?S???^,OJWSO^I*I^IK/o2,/o3fa&&,

MWRJW^.

tum

W:v?@@4%/A=42°,Z1=Z2,Z3=Z4,

.-.?>f>Z2+Z4=|(Z1+Z2+Z3+Z4)=j(180°-42°)=69°,i^/Oi=180°-69°=111°;

@4%z02=Z4-Z2=|[(z3+z4)-(zl+z2)]=±/A=21°;

@4*,/-ABC+/ACB=180°-/A=180°-42°=138°,

plijzl+Z2+Z3+Z4=180°-/ABC+180°-/ACB

=180°+180°-138°=222%

f?zO3=180°-(Z2+Z3)=180°-x222°=69%

.-.zOi+/02+/03=111°+21°+69°=201%

feiaZ).

11.[^1m>-2

[ftW]ft?;W-y=m+2,

vx>y,

■■x—y>0,

Wüm+2>0,

mm>-2,

m>-2.

-y=m+2,élx>y&lm+2>0,

f?m

12.[&M]12

[JOf]W:iaA^EF?Wfê^x,MA/IEEWW^(6-X),

???CE=2BE,

?'?$AAEC—^AABE—12—2x,

VF^DEWt'ti,

?’?$&AEF=S&AFD~X’

“S&AED~^X,

v^D^C^d?,

?'■S&AEC~2SùAED=2x2x=4x,

??■12—2x=4x,

??■x=2,

?'■S&ABC—3S^ABE—3(6—x)—12.

12.

&A4EFWffi^x,RiJA45EW[O‘>W(6-x),éCE=2BE,'fêShAEC=2S^ABE=12-2x,é

F^DE?ù^^.WSA?1￡F=S^AFD=x,è.^D^AC^,^,^S^AEC=2S^AED=4x,?JlJiUxéKj

^r?12-2x=4x,^WxWtt,KéSA?BC=3SAXB￡^tH^^.

13.(1,3)(-3,-3)

?,

,d?./l(l,3)?^xtt^j/f.M^y&WJsMfà?3(-l,-3);^?E^ABCD,?,^(1,3),C(3,l),

^flUD(3,3),7fc?üxM?T,Sffiyft??r-^^^(-3,-3),iW?^Jsék^^(3,3),H&Jsék

^^j(-3,-3),fé^f?20237^W-Kl$lt,M^D?têM#^(-3,-3).

(1,3);(-3,-3).

XfliyttJO)O￡WWWMW.WWW:

^y&m?WWW;

#3TWWJT?IRJ,M4aW?fi?rtWftWWt$Ml?W?W1.

14.50

[WtJf]ft?:w?,

'ttPD'^BCpE,

&Z.PBD=a,W/.ABP=2a,

.-./ABD=/APB+/PBD=3a,

/BDC=4/ABD=12a,

VDE^/BDC,

???/BDE=7;/BDC—6a,

zP=/BDE—/PBD=6a—a=5a,

fehACQ^,

/QAC+Z4C?=180°-ZQ=135°,

v4?WZP/4C,CQ^Fft/ACG,

/FAC=2/QAC,/ACG=2/ACQ,

/FAC+Z/1CG=2(z(MC+Z?C?)=270°,

???/LBAC+Z?CD=180°-/.FAC+180°-Z?CG=90°,

v/-BDC—/.ABD+/-BAC+/.ACD,

12a=3a+90°,

???a=10°,

???ZP=5a=50°,

50.

iftzPPD=a,^^iii/-BDE=6a,^^/-P=5a,èzQ=45°PlJtHlzF/lC+ZLACD=90°,

ffizBDC=/.ABD+/.BAC+z/lCD^Wa?W,

15.W;(1)"A=a2—2ab+b2,B=a2+2ab+b2,

B—A=(a2+2ab+b2)—(a2—2ab+b2)

=a2+2ab+b2—a2+2ab—b2

=4ab-,

(2)???2A+B-C=0,

■■■C=271+B

=2(a2-2ab+b2)+(a2+2ab+b2)

=2a2—2ab+2b2+a2+2ab+b2

=3a2+3b2,

^a=2,=

,1,

C=3x22+3x(--)2

3

=12+4

=12p

4

LWtJf](1)^?=a2—2ab+b2,B=a2+2ab+￡>2?|$KàB—

(2)è24+B-C=OBTWC=2A+B,faA=a2-2ab+b2,B=a2+2ab+b2^?à?^

fflEa=2,b=

16.W:(1)78+13-/71-5^75+^

=2+3-/7-5+/7

=0;

3>

(2)[2x+?±i?,

(2x—6<6—2x@

X>-1,

X<3,

-1<X<3,

-5-4-3-2-1012345

o,i,2,3.

tt?WlMJHSiSei+WBPWg;

?IftisM,M^±featTi+

?Ogfi￡￡

x-y=1?

17.[^￡](1)

5x+2y=19?’

?x2+@,W2x-2y+5x+2y=2+19,

ft?-Wx=3,

?Ex=3RA?,Wy=2,

3x-2y=8?

(2)OgMW

3x+2y=10?’

?+@,Wx=3,

$Ex=3Rà?,Wy=|,

(x=3

???ithw.m?wv=1

1/3

(OrJ(1)?X2+?,^x=3,?Cx=3Rà?,Wy=2:

3x-2y=8?

?+@,Wx=3,?EX=3RA?,Wy=|.

3x+2y=10?’

?BCBPM

18.W:(i)M,△111^^;

(3)^A/4BC—z*.4X3—6;

(4)W?^^?<laP?{J^7'J(0,1)814(0,-5).

[Of]LW]

&??lj?.

(lWJ?tHX,B,Cmfà&A^Bt,tiW;

(2)??f?f??tB?BP?T;

(3)^ijfflH?JtmH^SWWBP?T;

(4)IJJBH?BPnj.

(W^l

W:(l)?^;

^A^OA),B^-1,1),^(3,1).

(0,4),(-1,1),(3,1);

(3)JE^M;

(4)iSP(0,/i),

SùPBC=ix4x\h-(-2)1=6,

t?W+2|=3,

.-.h=1514-5,

i&Pa4*^:(0,1)814(0,-5).

19.W:(I)v5a+2?ù^M?3,3a+b-

?'?5a+2=27,3a+b-l=16,

??■a=5,b=2,

???y/~9<\O3<V“?6,

3<<13<4,

v

c=3.

(2)Wa=5,b=2,c=3^àW;3a-?+c=16,

3a-b+cWWW±4.

[fWWJftlfc

?lêMit,zzW+WEPnT.

?oMm,^tha.b,C?<J<;

(2)^a,b,

20.[^]W:(l)ilERJJ:"AE,DFftM^BAD,^ADC&ffft%,

■?■/.DAE=2/.EAB,/.ADC=2/.ADF,

vAE1DF,

???S.AOD=90°.

.-.￡DAE+￡ADF=90°,

^BAD+￡ADC=2(±DAE+Z.ADF)=180°,

.-.AB//DO,

(2)vAB//DC,

:.2.C=AMBC.

■■?tMBC=120°,

.-.Z.C=120°,

vtBAD=108°,

.-.Z.ADC=72°,

.-./.CDF=^Z.ADC=36°,

???￡DFE=180°-(ZC+Z-CDF)=24°.

[OrJ=2/EAB,/ADC=2/ADF,

Z.AOD=90°,BPZ.D4E+/.ADF=90°,AK??ff^Ifa+BAD+/.ADC=2(/.DAE+/.ADF')=180°,

BPnJW;

(2)éWMWC=/LMBC,y?i?'&üUADC=72°,

21.[^^]ft?:(1)(1)MWM:T(l,l)=a+2b—1=3,T(2,-l)=2a-2b-1=1,

MW:a—2,b—1;

WJffi-S?r?(T(3m,2—m)=4zn+3<4

lT(m>m+2)=Am+3>k’

è@W:m<|;

è@W:m>

<m<-,

44

?.q<^mtWW3^??,BPm=0,-1,-2,

.-.-3<^<-2,

4

ft?W-9<k<-5:

(2)é7’(x,y)=T(y,x),W?'Jax+2by-1=ay+2bx—1,

MW:(a-2h)(x-y)=0,

vT(x,y)-T(y,x)Mttê^Sx.ytP/^?L,

??■a—2b=0,BPa=2b.

5^^HJPWMf?ffl;

(2)t?f?rrisOiJHj^￡,MnT^tha,

22.M:BKCI^^ABC^^^,

f^^BAD=^BAC,

ZABI=^zABC,

ZHCI=^zACB.

ffil^zBAB+ZABI+zHCI

111

=S-BAC+/-ABC+^ACB

1

=(zBAC+zABC+zACB)

1

=2x