第三部分高考現(xiàn)代文閱讀 教學(xué)課件

第三部分現(xiàn)代文閱讀·······································1·······································2·······································3比對(duì)詞語(yǔ)常見關(guān)鍵詞設(shè)誤陷阱范圍、程度、頻率詞全部、都、全、人人、所有，一些、部分；必須、一定，嚴(yán)重、非常、十分，更、極其，較、比較；可能、似乎，通常、總是、有時(shí)、偶爾等以偏概全·······································4時(shí)態(tài)詞已經(jīng)、將、將要、曾經(jīng)、過(guò)去、現(xiàn)在、目前、尚未、之前、之后、必將、大概、可能、似乎等混淆時(shí)態(tài)指代詞之、其、此、這、它、那等①偷換概念②張冠李戴③以偏概全是非詞一定、必定、的確、出現(xiàn)、有、沒有、每、無(wú)、無(wú)非、拒絕、杜絕、禁止、防止、否則、不同等顛倒是非·······································5·······································6·······································7·······································8·······································9·······································10·······································11·······································12·······································13·······································14·······································15·······································16關(guān)系類型設(shè)誤方式設(shè)誤陷阱關(guān)注重點(diǎn)因果關(guān)系因果顛倒強(qiáng)加因果因果混亂①注意選項(xiàng)句中的“因”與“果”在原文中的位置。②注意有無(wú)因果關(guān)系。③注意關(guān)注“因?yàn)椤薄坝捎凇薄耙蚨薄八浴钡汝P(guān)鍵詞運(yùn)用得恰當(dāng)與否·······································17假設(shè)關(guān)系假設(shè)前提下產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果，或變成了現(xiàn)實(shí)，或變換了假設(shè)前提；或把假設(shè)關(guān)系變成其他關(guān)系混淆時(shí)態(tài)混淆是非曲解文意①注意假設(shè)的前提及這個(gè)前提下產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果。②注意關(guān)鍵詞：假設(shè)、如果、若等條件關(guān)系兩個(gè)分句間或是把充分條件換成了必要條件，或把必要條件換成了充分條件混淆是非曲解文意①注意原文是充分條件還是必要條件。②注意關(guān)鍵詞：只要……就……，只有……才……等·······································18遞進(jìn)關(guān)系轉(zhuǎn)換了前后兩個(gè)句子間的關(guān)系，不符合邏輯；或把遞進(jìn)關(guān)系變成其他關(guān)系曲解文意①注意前后句所在的位置及所表述的內(nèi)容。②注意關(guān)鍵詞：不但(不僅)……而且(并且)……等并列關(guān)系轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系把并列關(guān)系或轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的前后語(yǔ)句轉(zhuǎn)換成了其他關(guān)系曲解文意注意表并列關(guān)系、轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的關(guān)鍵詞，如：一……一……、不是……而是……(表并列)；或：雖然……但是……等·······································19·······································20·······································21·······································22·······································23·······································24·······································25·······································26·······································27選項(xiàng)特征思考趨向解題技巧互換位置：選項(xiàng)將原文中句子的陳述對(duì)象和被陳述對(duì)象倒置，造成結(jié)論與依據(jù)互換張冠李戴因果混亂比對(duì)選項(xiàng)句和原文中陳述對(duì)象、被陳述對(duì)象的位置·······································28結(jié)論或依據(jù)殘缺：(1)選項(xiàng)中的結(jié)論在原文中能找到，但是選項(xiàng)所說(shuō)的依據(jù)在原文中卻找不到。(2)選項(xiàng)中的依據(jù)在原文中能找到，但是無(wú)法得出選項(xiàng)結(jié)論。(3)選項(xiàng)中的結(jié)論是多種依據(jù)推斷出來(lái)的，但是選項(xiàng)只有其中一種依據(jù)。(4)選項(xiàng)中的依據(jù)可造成多種結(jié)果，但是選項(xiàng)中的結(jié)論卻只有一個(gè)無(wú)中生有以偏概全因果混亂注意：①比對(duì)選項(xiàng)中的結(jié)果或結(jié)論是否有依據(jù)。②根據(jù)這類選項(xiàng)的不同特征，需要逐一理清結(jié)論或依據(jù)，有的結(jié)論或依據(jù)會(huì)在不同的段落，需要逐一尋找并概括，然后再進(jìn)行推斷·······································29·······································30·······································31·······································32·······································33·······································34·······································35·······································36·······································37·······································38·······································39·······································40·······································41·······································42選項(xiàng)類型解題技巧從文本整體閱讀設(shè)題：如整體的論證思路、論證角度、論證重點(diǎn)、論點(diǎn)與論據(jù)的關(guān)系等①整體把握文章：通讀全文，畫出論題(論點(diǎn))，明確立論角度或前提；梳理論證層次，畫出每層次中的論證角度和論據(jù)，明確其論證方法；畫出結(jié)論內(nèi)容，進(jìn)一步明確文章觀點(diǎn)。②分析對(duì)照選項(xiàng)：依據(jù)上述對(duì)文章的整體把握，分析對(duì)照相關(guān)選項(xiàng)，看論證思路分析是否合理、論證角度是否正確、論證重點(diǎn)的分析是否吻合、論點(diǎn)和論據(jù)的關(guān)系是否恰當(dāng)·······································43從文本局部閱讀設(shè)題：如每個(gè)論證層段內(nèi)的論證思路、論證重點(diǎn)、論據(jù)使用、論證方法等①局部細(xì)研文段：明確每個(gè)論證層段的論題、論證思路、論證重點(diǎn)、論據(jù)使用、論證方法。②分析對(duì)照選項(xiàng)：依據(jù)上述對(duì)論證層段的研讀，分析對(duì)照相關(guān)選項(xiàng)，核對(duì)其分析是否與原文一致·······································44·······································45·······································46·······································47·······································48·······································49·······································50·······································51·······································52·······································53·······································54·······································55·······································56·······································57·······································58·······································59·······································60·······································61·······································62·······································63······································