浙教版初二下數(shù)學(xué)知識(shí)點(diǎn)及典型例題

浙教版初二下數(shù)學(xué)知識(shí)點(diǎn)及典型例題浙教版初二下冊(cè)數(shù)學(xué)知識(shí)點(diǎn)及典型例題第一章二次根式a,01(二次根式:一般地～式子叫做二次根式.注意:,1,若這個(gè)條件不成立～a,(a,0)則不是二次根式,,2,是一個(gè)重要的非負(fù)數(shù)～即,?0.aaaa(a,0),222(重要公式:,1,,,2,,注意使用(a),a(a,0)a,a,,,a(a,0),2.a,(a)(a,0)3(積的算術(shù)平方根:～積的算術(shù)平方根等于積中各因式的算術(shù)ab,a,b(a,0,b,0)平方根的積,注意:本章中的公式～對(duì)字母的取值范圍一般都有要求.4(二次根式的乘法法則:.a,b,ab(a,0,b,0)5(二次根式比較大小的方法:,1,利用近似值比大小,,2,把二次根式的系數(shù)移入二次根號(hào)內(nèi)～然后比大小,,3,分別平方～然后比大小.aa,(a,0,b,0)6(商的算術(shù)平方根:～商的算術(shù)平方根等于被除式的算術(shù)平方根除bb以除式的算術(shù)平方根.7(二次根式的除法法則:aa,(a,0,b,0),1,,bb,2,,a,b,a,b(a,0,b,0),3,分母有理化:化去分母中的根號(hào)叫做分母有理化,具體方法是:分式的分子與分母同乘分母的有理化因式～使分母變?yōu)檎?8(常用分母有理化因式:～～～a與aa,b與a，bma，nb與ma,nb它們也叫互為有理化因式.9(最簡(jiǎn)二次根式:,1,滿足下列兩個(gè)條件的二次根式～叫做最簡(jiǎn)二次根式～?被開(kāi)方數(shù)的因數(shù)是整數(shù)～因式是整式～?被開(kāi)方數(shù)中不含能開(kāi)的盡的因數(shù)或因式,,2,最簡(jiǎn)二次根式中～被開(kāi)方數(shù)不能含有小數(shù)、分?jǐn)?shù)～字母因式次數(shù)低于2～且不含分母,andpumpinstallationengineeringconstructionandacceptancespecificationforlifting6HG20201-2000constructioninstallationengineeringconstructionstandard7,HG...Pressuregauges,usinganinstalledsparkarrestorforacetylenecylinders,illegalcarrying,usinggascylinders,eachoperatorfined20Yuan.Gasbottlewithoutthehotsunexposuremeasures,responsibilitiesofteamafineof50Yuan.(7)atheightandtheopeningandprovisionalprotectivemeasureshavebeentaken,theresponsibleunitfined200Yuan,constructionpersoninchargeafineof50Yuan.(8)nopermittoworkandthejobinaccordancewiththeprovisions,onthejobunitfined300yuan,theunitwillchargeafineof100Yuan.7.5.3accidentpenalties(1)injuriesfatalitiesdirectlypunished1~2million.Directresponsibilityfortheaccidentandhavethecorrespondingresponsibilityofleadership,suchasconcerningadministrativesanctions,shouldbebroughttothecompanyortherelevantDepartment.(2)personalinjuryaccidentoccurred,thedirectpunishment0.5-10,000yuan,responsibleforthedirectresponsibilityfortheaccidentandtheresponsibilityofleadership,suchasconcerningadministrativesanctionsshouldbedealtwithbythepersonnelDepartmentofthecompany.(3)personalinjuryaccidentoccurs,thedirectpunishment500-1000,whoisdirectlyresponsibleforthe,3,化簡(jiǎn)二次根式時(shí)～往往需要把被開(kāi)方數(shù)先分解因數(shù)或分解因式,,4,二次根式計(jì)算的最后結(jié)果必須化為最簡(jiǎn)二次根式.10(二次根式化簡(jiǎn)題的幾種類(lèi)型:,1,明顯條件題,,2,隱含條件題,,3,討論條件題.11(同類(lèi)二次根式:幾個(gè)二次根式化成最簡(jiǎn)二次根式后～如果被開(kāi)方數(shù)相同～這幾個(gè)二次根式叫做同類(lèi)二次根式.12(二次根式的混合運(yùn)算:,1,二次根式的混合運(yùn)算包括加、減、乘、除、乘方、開(kāi)方六種代數(shù)運(yùn)算～以前學(xué)過(guò)的～在有理數(shù)范圍內(nèi)的一切公式和運(yùn)算律在二次根式的混合運(yùn)算中都適用,,2,二次根式的運(yùn)算一般要先把二次根式進(jìn)行適當(dāng)化簡(jiǎn)～例如:化為同類(lèi)二次根式才能合并,除法運(yùn)算有時(shí)轉(zhuǎn)化為分母有理化或約分更為簡(jiǎn)便,使用乘法公式等.第二章一元二次方程1.認(rèn)識(shí)一元二次方程:2a,0概念:只含有一個(gè)未知數(shù)～并且可以化為axbxc，，,0(為常數(shù)～)abc,,的整式方程叫一元二次方程。構(gòu)成一元二次方程的三個(gè)重要條件:?、方程必須是整式方程(分母不含未知數(shù)的方程)。2222x,,,30x,,,30如:是分式方程～所以不是xx一元二次方程。?、只含有一個(gè)未知數(shù)。?、未知數(shù)的最高次數(shù)是2次。2.一元二次方程的一般形式:2ba,0axbxc，，,0一般形式:()～系數(shù)中～一定不能為0～、則可acabc,,以為0～所以以下幾種情形都是一元二次方程:22axc，,0320x,,?、如果～則得～例如:,bc,,0,022axbx，,0340xx，,?、如果～則得～例如:,bc,,0,022ax,030x,?、如果～則得～例如:,bc,,0,022axbxc，，,03420xx，,,?、如果～則得～例如:。bc,,0,02bxbaxac其中～叫做二次項(xiàng)～叫做二次項(xiàng)系數(shù),叫做一次項(xiàng)～叫做一次項(xiàng)系數(shù),叫做常數(shù)項(xiàng)。任何一個(gè)一元二次方程經(jīng)過(guò)整理(去括號(hào)、移項(xiàng)、合并同類(lèi)項(xiàng)…)都可以化為一般形式。2例題:將方程化成一元二次方程的一般形式.(3)(31)xxx,，,2解:(3)(31)xxx,，,andpumpinstallationengineeringconstructionandacceptancespecificationforlifting6HG20201-2000constructioninstallationengineeringconstructionstandard7,HG...Pressuregauges,usinganinstalledsparkarrestorforacetylenecylinders,illegalcarrying,usinggascylinders,eachoperatorfined20Yuan.Gasbottlewithoutthehotsunexposuremeasures,responsibilitiesofteamafineof50Yuan.(7)atheightandtheopeningandprovisionalprotectivemeasureshavebeentaken,theresponsibleunitfined200Yuan,constructionpersoninchargeafineof50Yuan.(8)nopermittoworkandthejobinaccordancewiththeprovisions,onthejobunitfined300yuan,theunitwillchargeafineof100Yuan.7.5.3accidentpenalties(1)injuriesfatalitiesdirectlypunished1~2million.Directresponsibilityfortheaccidentandhavethecorrespondingresponsibilityofleadership,suchasconcerningadministrativesanctions,shouldbebroughttothecompanyortherelevantDepartment.(2)personalinjuryaccidentoccurred,thedirectpunishment0.5-10,000yuan,responsibleforthedirectresponsibilityfortheaccidentandtheresponsibilityofleadership,suchasconcerningadministrativesanctionsshouldbedealtwithbythepersonnelDepartmentofthecompany.(3)personalinjuryaccidentoccurs,thedirectpunishment500-1000,whoisdirectlyresponsibleforthe22去括號(hào)，得:383xxx,,,2移項(xiàng)、合并同類(lèi)項(xiàng)，得:(一般形式的等號(hào)右邊一定等于0)2830xx,,,3.一元二次方程的解法:(1)、直接開(kāi)方法:,利用平方根的定義直接開(kāi)平方求一元二次方程的解,2形式:()xab，,222(2)、配方法:,理論依據(jù):根據(jù)完全平方公式:～將原方程配aabbab,，,,2()2成的形式～再用直接開(kāi)方法求解.,()xab，,2,,,bbac4(3)、公式法:,求根公式:,x,2aab,,0a,0b,0(4)、分解因式法:,理論依據(jù):～則或,利用提公因式、運(yùn)用公式、十字相乘等分解因式方法將原方程化成兩個(gè)因式相乘等于0的形式。,4、一元二次方程的應(yīng)用例1商場(chǎng)某種新商品每件進(jìn)價(jià)是120元，在試銷(xiāo)期間發(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)每件商品售價(jià)為130元時(shí)，每天可銷(xiāo)售70件，當(dāng)每件商品售價(jià)高于130元時(shí)，每漲價(jià)1元，日銷(xiāo)售量就減少1件(據(jù)此規(guī)律，請(qǐng)回答:(1)當(dāng)每件商品售價(jià)定為170元時(shí)，每天可銷(xiāo)售多少件商品,商場(chǎng)獲得的日盈利是多少,(2)在上述條件不變、商品銷(xiāo)售正常的情況下，每件商品的銷(xiāo)售價(jià)定為多少元時(shí)，商場(chǎng)日盈利可達(dá)到1600元,(提示:盈利,售價(jià),進(jìn)價(jià))分析:這是一個(gè)一元二次方程應(yīng)用題，關(guān)鍵在于理清數(shù)量關(guān)系，列出方程。70-170-130，,130件(1)解:銷(xiāo)售件數(shù):，，，，301701201500，,,元日獲利:，，，，(2)解:設(shè)每件商品的銷(xiāo)售價(jià)定為x元xx,,,，,1207013011600由題意得:，，，，，，，，2xx,，,320256000整理得:2x,,1600即:，，？,x160答:每件商品的銷(xiāo)售價(jià)定為160元時(shí)，商場(chǎng)日盈利可達(dá)1600元。例2如圖，用同樣規(guī)格黑白兩色的正方形瓷磚鋪設(shè)長(zhǎng)方形地面，請(qǐng)觀察下列圖形，并解答有關(guān)問(wèn)題:n=1n=2n=3andpumpinstallationengineeringconstructionandacceptancespecificationforlifting6HG20201-2000constructioninstallationengineeringconstructionstandard7,HG...Pressuregauges,usinganinstalledsparkarrestorforacetylenecylinders,illegalcarrying,usinggascylinders,eachoperatorfined20Yuan.Gasbottlewithoutthehotsunexposuremeasures,responsibilitiesofteamafineof50Yuan.(7)atheightandtheopeningandprovisionalprotectivemeasureshavebeentaken,theresponsibleunitfined200Yuan,constructionpersoninchargeafineof50Yuan.(8)nopermittoworkandthejobinaccordancewiththeprovisions,onthejobunitfined300yuan,theunitwillchargeafineof100Yuan.7.5.3accidentpenalties(1)injuriesfatalitiesdirectlypunished1~2million.Directresponsibilityfortheaccidentandhavethecorrespondingresponsibilityofleadership,suchasconcerningadministrativesanctions,shouldbebroughttothecompanyortherelevantDepartment.(2)personalinjuryaccidentoccurred,thedirectpunishment0.5-10,000yuan,responsibleforthedirectresponsibilityfortheaccidentandtheresponsibilityofleadership,suchasconcerningadministrativesanctionsshouldbedealtwithbythepersonnelDepartmentofthecompany.(3)personalinjuryaccidentoccurs,thedirectpunishment500-1000,whoisdirectlyresponsibleforthe(1)鋪設(shè)地面所用瓷磚的總塊數(shù)為(用含n的代數(shù)式表示，n表示第n個(gè)圖形)(2)上述鋪設(shè)方案，鋪一塊這樣的長(zhǎng)方形地面共用了506塊瓷磚，求此時(shí)n的值;(3)是否存在黑瓷磚與白瓷磚塊數(shù)相等的情形,請(qǐng)通過(guò)計(jì)算加以說(shuō)明。分析:這是一個(gè)圖形數(shù)列題，解題關(guān)鍵在于理清數(shù)量關(guān)系。黑瓷磚由四部分組成，比較難求。所以先考慮白瓷磚數(shù)，觀察白瓷磚數(shù)量變化，不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，第個(gè)圖形中白瓷磚數(shù)為。同時(shí)再觀察整個(gè)圖形nnn,，(1)瓷磚數(shù)量變化，易得，第個(gè)圖形中總瓷磚數(shù)為塊。n(2)(3)nn，,，2解:(1)nn，，5622(2)由題意得:，即nn，，,56506nn，,,55000?nn,，,20250，，，，？,,,nn20,25(不合題意，舍去)。122(3)白瓷磚:(塊)nn，46n，黑瓷磚:(塊)2由題意得:nnn，,，462nn,,,360333,解得:(不合題意，舍去)x,2不存在黑瓷磚與白瓷磚塊數(shù)相等的情形。?第三章頻數(shù)分布及其圖形1、頻數(shù)及頻率的概念,1,頻數(shù):一組數(shù)據(jù)中～每個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)出現(xiàn)的次數(shù)叫做該數(shù)據(jù)的頻數(shù)。,2,頻率:一組數(shù)據(jù)中每個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)出現(xiàn)的次數(shù)與總次數(shù)的比值叫做頻率。頻數(shù)頻率,數(shù)據(jù)總個(gè)數(shù)、極差:一組數(shù)據(jù)的最大值與最小值的差叫做極差。23、頻數(shù)分布表的繪制步驟;(1)確定最大值和最小值。(2)確定組數(shù)和組界(3)劃記(4)繪制頻數(shù)分布表4、頻數(shù)分布直方圖,1,頻數(shù)分布直方圖的組成:?橫軸,?縱軸,?條形圖。,2,頻數(shù)分布直方圖的繪制:?列出頻數(shù)分布表?畫(huà)出頻數(shù)分布直方圖。5、頻數(shù)分布折線圖順次連結(jié)頻數(shù)分布直方圖是每個(gè)長(zhǎng)方形上面一條邊的中點(diǎn)～就得到所求的頻數(shù)分布折線圖。andpumpinstallationengineeringconstructionandacceptancespecificationforlifting6HG20201-2000constructioninstallationengineeringconstructionstandard7,HG...Pressuregauges,usinganinstalledsparkarrestorforacetylenecylinders,illegalcarrying,usinggascylinders,eachoperatorfined20Yuan.Gasbottlewithoutthehotsunexposuremeasures,responsibilitiesofteamafineof50Yuan.(7)atheightandtheopeningandprovisionalprotectivemeasureshavebeentaken,theresponsibleunitfined200Yuan,constructionpersoninchargeafineof50Yuan.(8)nopermittoworkandthejobinaccordancewiththeprovisions,onthejobunitfined300yuan,theunitwillchargeafineof100Yuan.7.5.3accidentpenalties(1)injuriesfatalitiesdirectlypunished1~2million.Directresponsibilityfortheaccidentandhavethecorrespondingresponsibilityofleadership,suchasconcerningadministrativesanctions,shouldbebroughttothecompanyortherelevantDepartment.(2)personalinjuryaccidentoccurred,thedirectpunishment0.5-10,000yuan,responsibleforthedirectresponsibilityfortheaccidentandtheresponsibilityofleadership,suchasconcerningadministrativesanctionsshouldbedealtwithbythepersonnelDepartmentofthecompany.(3)personalinjuryaccidentoccurs,thedirectpunishment500-1000,whoisdirectlyresponsibleforthe例1、填空題(1)有位同學(xué)在草稿紙上隨手寫(xiě)下了下面這一串的數(shù)字:34012001122211113432100013440120231則其中0出現(xiàn)的頻數(shù)為，1出現(xiàn)的頻數(shù)為，2出現(xiàn)的頻數(shù)為，3出現(xiàn)的頻數(shù)為，4出現(xiàn)的頻數(shù)為。(2)已知在一個(gè)樣本中，50個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)分布落在5組內(nèi)，第一、二、三、五組的數(shù)據(jù)的格個(gè)數(shù)8，15，5，則第四小組的頻數(shù)為;分別為2，(3)一組數(shù)據(jù)的最大值和最小值之差為78，若要用頻數(shù)分布直方圖對(duì)其進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)，且分為10組，則組距為;第四章命題與證明概念:一般地～能清楚地規(guī)定某一名稱(chēng)或術(shù)語(yǔ)的意義的句子叫做該名稱(chēng)或術(shù)語(yǔ)的定義一般地～對(duì)某一件事情作出正確或不正確的判斷的句子叫做命題。命題結(jié)構(gòu):命題可看做由題設(shè),條件,和結(jié)論兩部分組成。題設(shè)是已知事項(xiàng)～結(jié)論是由已知事項(xiàng)推出的事項(xiàng)。命題的分類(lèi):正確的命題叫做真命題～不正確的命題叫做假命題判定一個(gè)命題是真命題的方法:(1)通過(guò)推理的方式,即根據(jù)已知的事實(shí)來(lái)推斷未知事實(shí);用推理的方法判斷為正確的命題叫做定理.(2)人們經(jīng)過(guò)長(zhǎng)期實(shí)踐后而公認(rèn)為正確的:數(shù)學(xué)中通常挑選一部分人類(lèi)經(jīng)過(guò)長(zhǎng)期實(shí)踐后公認(rèn)為正確的命題叫做公理.定理和公理都可以作為判斷其他命題真假的依據(jù).,公理(公認(rèn)為正確),,,真命題定理(需要推理),,命題,,其它的真命題(需要推理),,,假命題(舉反例),第五章平行四邊形平行四邊形定義:有兩組對(duì)邊分別平行的四邊形是平行四邊形。表示:平行四邊形用符號(hào)“?”來(lái)表示。平行四邊形性質(zhì):平行四邊形對(duì)邊相等,平行四邊形對(duì)角相等,平行四邊形對(duì)角線互相平分平行四邊形的面積等于底和高的積～即S=ah～其中a可以是平行四邊形的任何一邊～h?ABCD必須是a邊到其對(duì)邊的距離～即對(duì)應(yīng)的高。平行四邊形的判定:兩組對(duì)邊分別平行的四邊形是平行四邊形兩組對(duì)角分別相等的四邊形是平行四邊形一組對(duì)邊平行且相等的四邊形是平行四邊形從對(duì)角線看:對(duì)角錢(qián)互相平分的四邊形是平行四邊形從角看:兩組對(duì)角分別相等的四邊形是平行四邊形。若一條直線過(guò)平行四邊形對(duì)角線的交點(diǎn)～則直線被一組對(duì)邊截下的線段以對(duì)角線的交點(diǎn)為中點(diǎn)～且這條直線二等分平行四邊形的面積。三角形的中位線:連接三角形兩邊中點(diǎn)的線段叫做三角形的中位線andpumpinstallationengineeringconstructionandacceptancespecificationforlifting6HG20201-2000constructioninstallationengineeringconstructionstandard7,HG...Pressuregauges,usinganinstalledsparkarrestorforacetylenecylinders,illegalcarrying,usinggascylinders,eachoperatorfined20Yuan.Gasbottlewithoutthehotsunexposuremeasures,responsibilitiesofteamafineof50Yuan.(7)atheightandtheopeningandprovisionalprotectivemeasureshavebeentaken,theresponsibleunitfined200Yuan,constructionpersoninchargeafineof50Yuan.(8)nopermittoworkandthejobinaccordancewiththeprovisions,onthejobunitfined300yuan,theunitwillchargeafineof100Yuan.7.5.3accidentpenalties(1)injuriesfatalitiesdirectlypunished1~2million.Directresponsibilityfortheaccidentandhavethecorrespondingresponsibilityofleadership,suchasconcerningadministrativesanctions,shouldbebroughttothecompanyortherelevantDepartment.(2)personalinjuryaccidentoccurred,thedirectpunishment0.5-10,000yuan,responsibleforthedirectresponsibilityfortheaccidentandtheresponsibilityofleadership,suchasconcerningadministrativesanctionsshouldbedealtwithbythepersonnelDepartmentofthecompany.(3)personalinjuryaccidentoccurs,thedirectpunishment500-1000,whoisdirectlyresponsibleforthe三角形中位線定理:三角形的中位線平行于三角形的第三邊～且等于第三邊的一半。例題1、如圖:平行四邊形ABCD的對(duì)角線AC、BD相交于點(diǎn)O，MN過(guò)點(diǎn)O與AB、CD相交于M、N，你認(rèn)為OM、ON有什么關(guān)系,為什么,解:OM=ON證明:?平行四邊形ABCD?OB=OD,AB?CD??ABD=?CDBAD又??BOM=?DONONM??BOM??DON?OM=ON。BC?ABC例題2(如圖，中，BD平分?ABC，DE?BC交AB于點(diǎn)E，AEF?AC交BC于F，試說(shuō)明BE=CF。ED解:?BD平分?ABCBFC??ABD=?DBC?DE?BC，??EDB=?DBC??ABD=?EDB?BE=ED?DE?BC，EF?AC?四邊形EFCD是平行四邊形?CF=ED?BE=CF。第五章特殊平行四邊形及梯形矩形:有一個(gè)角是直角的平行四邊形叫做矩形～也說(shuō)是長(zhǎng)方形矩形的性質(zhì):矩形的四個(gè)角都是直角,矩形的對(duì)角線相等矩形的對(duì)角線相等且互相平分。特別提示:直角三角形斜邊上的中線等于斜邊的一半andpumpinstallationengineeringconstructionandacceptancespecificationforlifting6HG20201-2000constructioninstallationengineeringconstructionstandard7,HG...Pressuregauges,usinganinstalledsparkarrestorforacetylenecylinders,illegalcarrying,usinggascylinders,eachoperatorfined20Yuan.Gasbottlewithoutthehotsunexposuremeasures,responsibilitiesofteamafineof50Yuan.(7)atheightandtheopeningandprovisionalprotectivemeasureshavebeentaken,theresponsibleunitfined200Yuan,constructionpersoninchargeafineof50Yuan.(8)nopermittoworkandthejobinaccordancewiththeprovisions,onthejobunitfined300yuan,theunitwillchargeafineof100Yuan.7.5.3accidentpenalties(1)injuriesfatalitiesdirectlypunished1~2million.Directresponsibilityfortheaccidentandhavethecorrespondingresponsibilityofleadership,suchasconcerningadministrativesanctions,shouldbebroughttothecompanyortherelevantDepartment.(2)personalinjuryaccidentoccurred,thedirectpunishment0.5-10,000yuan,responsibleforthedirectresponsibilityfortheaccidentandtheresponsibilityofleadership,suchasconcerningadministrativesanctionsshouldbedealtwithbythepersonnelDepartmentofthecompany.(3)personalinjuryaccidentoccurs,thedirectpunishment500-1000,whoisdirectlyresponsibleforthe矩形具有平行四邊形的一切性質(zhì)矩形的判定方法有一個(gè)角是直角的平行四邊形是矩形,對(duì)角線相等的平行四邊形是矩形有三個(gè)角是直角的四邊形是矩形菱形:有一組鄰邊相等的平行四邊形叫做菱形,菱形是平行四邊形:一組鄰邊相等,性質(zhì):菱形的四條邊都相等菱形的兩條對(duì)角線互相垂直平分～并且每一條對(duì)角線平分一組對(duì)角。菱形的判定方法:一組鄰邊相等的平行四邊形是菱形對(duì)角線互相垂直平分的平行四邊形是菱形對(duì)角線互相垂直平分的四邊形是菱形四條邊都相等的四邊形是菱形正方形:定義:四條邊都相等～四個(gè)角都是直角的四邊形是正方形。性質(zhì):正方形既有矩形的性質(zhì)～又有菱形的性質(zhì)。正方形是軸對(duì)稱(chēng)圖形～其對(duì)稱(chēng)軸為對(duì)邊中點(diǎn)所在的直線或?qū)蔷€所在的直線～也是中心對(duì)稱(chēng)圖形～對(duì)稱(chēng)中心為對(duì)角線的交點(diǎn)。特殊的平行四邊形1.平行四邊形、矩形、菱形、正方形的性質(zhì):平行四邊形矩形菱形正方形圖形1(對(duì)邊1(對(duì)邊1(對(duì)邊且四1(對(duì)邊且四且;且;條邊都;條邊都;2(對(duì)角;2(對(duì)角2(對(duì)角;2(對(duì)角且四個(gè)性質(zhì)鄰角;且四個(gè)角都是3(對(duì)角線角都是;3(對(duì)角線;且每3(對(duì)角線;3(對(duì)角線條對(duì)角線且每條對(duì)角;;線;面積例題1、矩形ABCD的對(duì)角線AC、BD相交于點(diǎn)O，?1,2?2，若AC,1.8cm，andpumpinstallationengineeringconstructionandacceptancespecificationforlifting6HG20201-2000constructioninstallationengineeringconstructionstandard7,HG...Pressuregauges,usinganinstalledsparkarrestorforacetylenecylinders,illegalcarrying,usinggascylinders,eachoperatorfined20Yuan.Gasbottlewithoutthehotsunexposuremeasures,responsibilitiesofteamafineof50Yuan.(7)atheightandtheopeningandprovisionalprotectivemeasureshavebeentaken,theresponsibleunitfined200Yuan,constructionpersoninchargeafineof50Yuan.(8)nopermittoworkandthejobinaccordancewiththeprovisions,onthejobunitfined300yuan,theunitwillchargeafineof100Yuan.7.5.3accidentpenalties(1)injuriesfatalitiesdirectlypunished1~2million.Directresponsibilityfortheaccidentandhavethecorrespondingresponsibilityofleadership,suchasconcerningadministrativesanctions,shouldbebroughttothecompanyortherelevantDepartment.(2)personalinjuryaccidentoccurred,thedirectpunishment0.5-10,000yuan,responsibleforthedirectresponsibilityfortheaccidentandtheresponsibilityofleadership,suchasconcerningadministrativesanctionsshouldbedealtwithbythepersonnelDepartmentofthecompany.(3)personalinjuryaccidentoccurs,thedirectpunishment500-1000,whoisdirectlyresponsibleforthe試求AB的長(zhǎng)。例題2、如圖，四邊形ABCD是正方形，G是BC上任意一點(diǎn)(點(diǎn)G與B、C不重合)，AE?DG于E，CF?AE交DG于F.(1)在圖中找出一對(duì)全等三角形，并加以證明;(2)求證:AE=FC+EF.例題3、已知:如圖，在?ABCD中，E、F分別為邊AB、CD的中點(diǎn)，BD是對(duì)角線，AG?DB交CB的延長(zhǎng)線于G((1)求證:?ADE??CBF;(2)若四邊形BEDF是菱形，則四邊形AGBD是什么特殊四邊形,并證明你的結(jié)論(梯形:定義:一組對(duì)邊平行～另一組對(duì)邊不平行的四邊形叫做梯形。等腰梯形:兩腰相等的梯形是等腰梯形。直角梯形:有一個(gè)角是直角的梯形是直角梯形等腰梯形的性質(zhì):等腰梯形是軸對(duì)稱(chēng)圖形～上下底的中點(diǎn)連線所在的直線是對(duì)稱(chēng)軸～等腰梯形同一底邊上的兩個(gè)角相等。等腰梯形的兩條對(duì)角線相等。等腰梯形的判定定理同一底上兩個(gè)角相等的梯形是等腰梯形andpumpinstallationengineeringconstructionandacceptancespecificationforlifting6HG20201-2000constructioninstallationengineeringconstructionstandard7,HG...Pressuregauges,usinganinstalledsparkarrestorforacetylenecylinders,illegalcarrying,usinggascylinders,eachoperatorfined20Yuan.Gasbottlewithoutthehotsunexposuremeasures,responsibilitiesofteamafineof50Yuan.(7)atheightandtheopeningandprovisionalprotectivemeasureshavebeentaken,theresponsibleunitfined200Yuan,constructionpersoninchargeafineof50Yuan.(8)nopermittoworkandthejobinaccordancewiththeprovisions,onthejobunitfined300yuan,theunitwillchargeafineof100Yuan.7.5.3accidentpenalties(1)injuriesfatalitiesdirectlypunished1~2million.Directresponsibilityfortheaccidentandhavethecorrespondingresponsibilityofleadership,suchasconcerningadministrativesanctions,shouldbebroughttothecompanyortherelevantDepartment.(2)personalinjuryaccidentoccurred,thedirectpunishment0.5-10,000yuan,responsibleforthedirectresponsibilityfortheaccidentandtherespo