2023年全國(guó)甲卷英語(yǔ)真題（解析版）

2023年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試（全國(guó)甲卷）

英語(yǔ)學(xué)科

第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂

到答題卡上。

第一節(jié)（共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分1.5分）

聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。

1.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?

A.Inthebookstore.B.Intheregisteroffice.C.Inthedormbuilding.

2.Whatistheweatherlikenow?

A.Sunny.B.Cloudy.C.Rainy.

3.Whatdoesthemanwanttodoontheweekend?

A.Dosomegardening.B.Haveabarbecue.C.Gofishing.

4.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?

A.Anewoffice.B.Achangeoftheirjobs.C.Aformercolleague.

5.WhatdoweknowaboutAndrew?

A.He'soptimistic.B.He'sactive.C.He'sshy.

第二節(jié)（共15小題;每小題L5分，滿分22.5分）

聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中

選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各

小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間，每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.Whichofthefollowingdoesthewomandislike?

A.Thebedroom.B.Thesittingroom.C.Thekitchen.

7.Whatdoesthewomansuggesttheydonext?

A.Gotoanotheragency.B.Seesomeotherflats.C.Visittheneighbours.

聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。

8.Whatisthemandoing?

A.He'smakingaphonecall.

B.He'schairingameeting.

CHe'shostingaprogram.

9.WhatmakesMrs.JohnsonworriedaboutherdaughterinAfrica?

A.Lackofmedicalsupport.

B.Inconvenienceofcommunication.

C.Poortransportationsystem.

聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。

10.Whatpositiondoesthemanapplyfor?

A.Asalesperson.B.Anengineer.C.Anaccountant.

11.Whichaspectofthecompanyappealstotheman?

A.Thecompanyculture.B.Thefreeaccommodations.C.Thecompetitivepay.

12.Whatisdifficultforthemantodealwith?

A.Interpersonalrelationships.B.Quality-quantitybalance.C.Unplannedhappenings.

聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。

13.HowdoesRobertsoundwhenspeakingofhisbeingawriter?

A.Hopeful.B.Grateful.C.Doubtful.

14.WhatwasRobertlikebeforehewas9yearsold?

A.Hehadwildimagination.B.Heenjoyedsports.C.Helovedscience.

15.WhatdidRoberfsfatherdo?

A.Ateacher.B.Acoach.C.Alibrarian.

16.WhathelpedRobertbecomeawriter?

A.Writingdaily.B.Listeningtostories.C.Readingextensively.

聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。

17.WherewasOpenTchaikovskyCompetitionheldin1986?

A.InMoscow.B.InChelyabinsk.C.InBerlin.

18.WhatdoesMaximsayaboutthecompetitionheattendedat10?

A.Itinspiredmanyyoungmusicians.

B.Itwasthemusiceventofhisdreams.

C.Itwasalife-changingexperience.

19.Whichkindofmusicaretheyoungplayersrequiredtoplay?

A.Rockmusic.B.Popmusic.C.Classicalmusic.

20.WhatdoesMaximvaluemostinyoungplayers5performance?

A.Expressiveness.B.Smoothness.C.Completeness.

第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題:每小題2分，滿分30分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

WheretoEatinBangkok

Bangkokisahighlydesirabledestinationforfoodlovers.Ithasaseeminglybottomlesswellofdiningoptions.

HerearesomesuggestionsonwheretostartyourBangkokeatingadventure.

Nahm

OfferingThaifinedining.NahmprovidesthebestofBangkokculinary（烹飪的）experiences.IfstheonlyThai

restaurantthatranksamongthetop10oftheword's50bestrestaurantslist.HeadChefDavidThompson,who

receivedaMichelinstarforhisLoodon-basedThairestaurantofthesamename,openedthisbranchinthe

MetropolitanHotelin2010.

IssaysStameseClub

IssayaSiameseClubisintematoionallyknownThaicheflanKittichai'sfirstflagshipBangkokrestaurant.The

menuinthisbeautifulcolonialhouseincludestraditionalThaicuisinecombinedwithmodemcookingmethods.

Bo.tan

Bo.tanhasbeenmakingwavesinBangkok'sculinarysencesinceitopenedin2009.Servinghard-to-findThai

dishesinanelegantatmosphere,therestaurantistruetoThaicuisine'sroots,yetstillmanagestoaddaspecialtwist.

Thisplaceisgoodforacandlelitdinneroraworkmeetingwithcolleagueswhoappreciatefinefood.Forthose

extremelyhungrythere'salargesetmenu.

Gaggan

Earningfirstplaceonthelates"Asia's50bestrestaurants^^list,progressiveIndianrestaurantGagganisoneof

themostexcitingvenues（場(chǎng)所）toarriveinBangkokinrecentyears.Thebesttableinthistwo-storycolonialThai

homeoffersawindowrightintothekitchen,whereyoucanseechefGagganandhisstaffinaction.Culinarytheater

atitsbest.

1.WhatdoNahmandIssayaSiameseClubhaveincommon?

A.Theyadoptmoderncookingmethods.B.TheyhavebranchesinLondon.

C.Theyhavetop-classchefs.D.Theyarebasedinhotels.

2.Whichrestaurantoffersalargesetmenu?

A.Gaggan.B.Bo.tan.C.IssayaSiameseClub.D.Nahm.

3.WhatisspecialaboutGaggan?

A.IthiresstafffromIndia.B.Itputsonaplayeveryday.

C.Itserveshard-to-findlocaldishes.D.Itshowsthecookingprocesstoguests.

【答案】l.C2.B3.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是應(yīng)用文。介紹了一些關(guān)于從哪里開(kāi)始你的曼谷美食之旅的建議。

【1題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標(biāo)題Nahm下的段落中“HeadChefDavidThompson,whoreceivedaMichelinstarforhis

Loodon-basedThairestaurantofthesamename,openedthisbranchintheMetropolitanHotelin2010.（主廚大

衛(wèi)?湯普森（DavidThompson）在倫敦的同名泰國(guó)餐廳獲得了米其林一星，他于2010年在大都會(huì)酒店開(kāi)設(shè)了這

家分店）”以及小標(biāo)題IssaysStameseClub下的段落中“IssayaSiameseClubisintematoionallyknowThaichef

lanKittichai'sfirstflagshipBangkokrestaurant.（IssayaSiameseClub是國(guó)際知名的泰國(guó)廚師lanKittichai的第

一家曼谷旗艦餐廳）”可知，Nahm和IssayaSiameseClub的共同之處是他們都有一流的廚師。故選C項(xiàng)。

【2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標(biāo)題Bo.tan下的段落中“Forthoseextremelyhungrythere'salargesetmenu.（對(duì)于那些

極度饑餓的人來(lái)說(shuō)，這里有一份很大的套餐）”可知，Bo.tan提供大型套餐。故選B項(xiàng)。

【3題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標(biāo)題Gaggan下的段落中“Thebesttableinthistwo-storycolonialThaihomeoffersa

windowrightintothekitchen,whereyoucanseechefGagganandhisstaffinaction.（在這座兩層殖民時(shí)期的泰

國(guó)住宅中，最好的桌子有一扇通往廚房的窗戶，在那里你可以看到Gaggan廚師和他的員工在工作）”可知，

Gaggan的特別之處是它向客人展示了烹飪過(guò)程。故選D項(xiàng)。

TerriBoltonisadabhandwhenitcomestoDIY(do-it-yourself).Skilledatputtingupshelvesandpiecing

togetherfurniture,sheneverpayssomeoneelsetodoajobshecandoherself.

ShecreditstheseskillstoherlategrandfatherandbuilderDerekLloyd.Fromtheageofsix,Terri,now26,

accompaniedDerektoworkduringherschoolholidays.Aday'sworkwasrewardedwith￡5inpocketmoney.She

says:'TmsureIwasn'tmuchofahelptostartwithpaintingtheroomsandputtingdowntheflooringthroughoutthe

house.Ittookweeksandiswasbackbreakingwork,butIknowhewasproudofmyskills.

Terri,whonowrentsahousewithfriendsinWandsworth,SouthWestLondon,saysDIYalsosavesherfrom

losinganydepositwhenatenancy（租期）comestoanend.Sheadds:"I'vemovedhousemanytimesandIalways

liketopersonalisemyroomandputuppictures.So,ifsbeenusefultoknowhowtocoverupholesandrepaintaroom

toavoidanychargeswhenI'vemovedout.”

WithmillionsofpeoplelikelytotakeonDIYprojectsoverthatcomingweeks,newresearchshowsthatmore

thanhalfofpeopleareplanningtomakethemostofthelong,warmsummerdaystogetjobsdone.Theaveragespend

perprojectwillbearound￡823.Twothirdsofpeopleaimtoimprovetheircomfortwhileathome.Twofifthwishto

increasethevalueoftheirhouse.ThoughDIYhastraditionallybeenseenasmalehobby,theresearchshowsitis

womennowleadingthecharge.

4.Whichisclosestinmeaningto“adabhand^^inparagraph1?

A.Anartist.B.Awinner.C.Aspecialist.D.Apioneer.

5.WhydidTerri'sgrandfathergiveher￡5aday?

A.Forabirthdaygift.B.Asatreatforherwork.

C.TosupportherDIYprojects.D.Toencouragehertotakeupahobby.

6.HowdidTerriavoidlosingthedepositonthehousesherented?

A.Bymakingitlooklikebefore.B.Byfurnishingitherself.

C.Bysplittingtherentwitharoommate.D.Bycancellingtherentalagreement.

7.WhattrendinDIYdoestheresearchshow?

A.Itisbecomingmorecostly.B.Itisgettingmoretime-consuming.

C.Itisturningintoaseasonalindustry.D.Itisgainingpopularityamongfemales.

【答案】4.C5.B6.A7,D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文，文章主要講述了一位DIY高手TerriBoltonis的技能以及DIY項(xiàng)目可能會(huì)在女

性群體中變成一種潮流趨勢(shì)。

【4題詳解】

詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章第一段畫(huà)線短語(yǔ)下文"Skilledatputtingupshelvesandpiecingtogetherfurniture,she

neverpayssomeoneelsetodoajobshecandoherself.（她擅長(zhǎng)擺架子和拼接家具，從不付錢給別人做她自己能

做的工作）”可推知，此處指TerriBoltonis是一位DIY高手。C項(xiàng)"Aspecialist（一位專業(yè)人員）“最接近畫(huà)

線短語(yǔ)“adabhand”的意思。故選C。

【5題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段"ShecreditstheseskillstoherlategrandfatherandbuilderDerekLloyd.Fromthe

ageofsix,Teni,now26,accompaniedDerektoworkduringherschoolholidays.Aday'sworkwasrewardedwith

￡5inpocketmoney.（她將這些技能歸功于她已故的祖父兼建筑商DerekLloydo從六歲起，現(xiàn)年26歲的Terri

就在學(xué)校放假期間陪Derek去上班。一天的工作得到了5英鎊零花錢的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)）”以及"Ittookweeksandiswas

backbreakingwork,butIknowhewasproudofmyskills.（這花了幾個(gè)星期的時(shí)間，是一項(xiàng)艱苦的工作，但我

知道他為我的技能感到驕傲）”可推知，Terri的祖父每天給她5英鎊是作為對(duì)她的工作的鼓勵(lì)。故選B。

【6題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題o根據(jù)文章第三段“So,ifsbeenusefultoknowhowtocoverupholesandrepaintaroomtoavoidany

chargeswhenI'vemovedout.（所以，當(dāng)我搬出去時(shí)，知道如何掩蓋漏洞并重新粉刷房間以避免任何費(fèi)用是很

有用的）”可推知，Terri是通過(guò)粉飾房間，讓它看起來(lái)像以前一樣，來(lái)避免被扣除租房的押金的。故選A。

【7題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通過(guò)文章最后一段“theresearchshowsitiswomennowleadingthecharge（研究表明，現(xiàn)在是女

性主導(dǎo)了這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)）”可知，研究表明，DIY將在女性中越來(lái)越受歡迎。故選D。

C

Iwasabout13whenanunclegavemeacopyofJosteinGaarder?sSophiesWorld.Itwasfullofideasthatwere

newtomesoIspentthesummerwithmyheadinandoutofthatbook.Itspoketomeandbroughtmeintoaworld

ofphilosophy（哲學(xué)）.

ThatloveforphilosophylasteduntilIgottocollege.Nothingkillstheloveforphilosophyfasterthanpeople

whothinktheyunderstandFoucault,Baudrillard,orConfuciusbetterthanyou——andthentrytoexplainthem.

Ericweiner?sTheSocratesExpress:InSearchofLifeLessonsfromDeadPhilosophersreawakenedmylovefor

philosophy.Itisnotanexplanation,butaninvitationtothinkandexperiencephilosophy.

Weinerstartseachchapterwithasceneonatrainridebetweencitiesandthenframeseachphilosopher'sworkin

thecontext（背景）ofonethingtheycanhelpusdobetter.Theendresultisareadinwhichwelearntowonderlike

Socrates,seelikeThoreau,listenlikeSchopenhauer,andhavenoregretslikeNietzsche.This,morethanabookabout

undestandingphilosophy,isabookabourlearningtousephilosophytoimprovealife.

Hemakesphilosophicalthoughtanappealingexercisethatimprovesthequalityofourexperiences,andhedoes

sowithplentyofhumor.Weinerentersintoconversationwithsomeofthemostimportantphilosophersinhistory,and

hebecomespartofthatcrowdintheprocessbydecoding（解讀）theirmessagesandaddinghisowninterpretation.

TheSocratesExpressisafun,sharpbookthatdrawsreadersinwithitsapparentsimplicityandgraduallypulls

themindeeperthoughtsondesire,loneliness,andaging.Theinvitationisclear:Weinerwantsyoutopickupacoffee

orteaandsitdownwiththisbook.Iencourageyoutotakehisoffer.Ifsworthyourtime,eveniftimeissomethingwe

don'thavealotof.

8.Whoopenedthedoortophilosophyfortheauthor?

A.Foucault.B.EricWeiner.

C.JosteinGaarder.D.Acollegeteacher.

9.Whydoestheauthorlistgreatphilosophersinparagraph4?

A.TocompareWeinerwiththem.

B.Togiveexamplesofgreatworks.

C.Topraisetheirwritingskills.

D.TohelpreadersunderstandWeinersbook.

10.WhatdoestheauthorlikeaboutTheSocratesExpress!

A.Itsviewsonhistoryarewell-presented.

B.Itsideascanbeappliedtodailylife.

C.Itincludescommentsfromreaders.

D.Itleavesanopenending.

11.WhatdoestheauthorthinkofWeinersbook?

A.Objectiveandplain.

B.Daringandambitious.

C.Seriousandhardtofollow.

D.Humorousandstraightforward.

【答案】8.C9.D10.B11.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。作者在13歲時(shí)開(kāi)始喜歡哲學(xué)，隨后Weiner的書(shū)TheSocratesExpress喚起了作

者對(duì)哲學(xué)的熱愛(ài)。文章通過(guò)介紹了TheSocratesExpress這本書(shū)，倡導(dǎo)讀者花時(shí)間去讀這本書(shū)。

【8題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Iwasabout13whenanunclegavemeacopyofJosteinGaarder?sSophie'sWorld.It

wasfullofideasthatwerenewtome,soIspentthesummerwithmyheadinandoutofthatbook.Itspoketome

andbroughtmeintoaworldofphilosophy（哲學(xué)）.（我13歲的時(shí)候，一個(gè)叔叔給了我一本JosteinGaarder的

《Sophie的世界》。書(shū)里面的觀點(diǎn)對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)都很新奇，所以我整個(gè)夏天都在鉆研那本書(shū)。它對(duì)我說(shuō)話，把

我?guī)胍粋€(gè)哲學(xué)的世界。）”可知，JosteinGaarder為作者打開(kāi)了通往哲學(xué)的大門。故選C。

【9題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Weinerstartseachchapterwithasceneonatrainridebetweencitiesandthenframes

eachphilosopher'sworkinthecontext（背景）ofonethingtheycanhelpusdobetter.Theendresultisareadinwhich

welearntowonderlikeSocrates,seelikeThoreau,listenlikeSchopenhauer,andhavenoregretslikeNietzsche.

（Weiner在每一章的開(kāi)頭都描述了一個(gè)城市之間火車旅行的場(chǎng)景，然后將每一位哲學(xué)家的著作框定在一個(gè)他

們能夠幫助我們做得更好的事情上。最終的結(jié)果是，我們學(xué)會(huì)了像蘇格拉底一樣思考，像梭羅一樣看，像

叔本華一樣聽(tīng)，像尼采一樣沒(méi)有遺憾。）”可知，作者在第四段開(kāi)頭描寫(xiě)了Weiner書(shū)的內(nèi)容，接著作者通過(guò)

列舉了幾位偉大的哲學(xué)家來(lái)描寫(xiě)讀完這本書(shū)后我們能從中學(xué)到的東西，由此可推知，作者列舉了幾位偉大

的哲學(xué)家是為了幫助讀者理解Weiners的書(shū)。故選D。

【10題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理角軍題。根據(jù)第四段中“This,morethanabookaboutundestandingphilosophy,isabookabourlearningto

usephilosophytoimprovealife.（這不僅僅是一本關(guān)于理解哲學(xué)的書(shū)，更是一本關(guān)于學(xué)習(xí)運(yùn)用哲學(xué)來(lái)改善生活

的書(shū)。）”可知，作者喜歡TheSocratesExpress這本書(shū)，是因?yàn)樗乃枷肟梢詰?yīng)用到日常生活中。故選B。

【11題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Hemakesphilosopicalthoughtanappealingexercisethatimprovesthequality

ofourexperiences,andhedoessowithplentyofhumor.（他使哲學(xué)思想成為一種有吸引力的練習(xí)，可以提高我

們經(jīng)驗(yàn)的質(zhì)量，而且他在做這件事的時(shí)候充滿了幽默感可知,Weiners的書(shū)很幽默，根據(jù)最后一段中“The

SocratesExpressisafun,sharpbookthatdrawsreadersinwithitsapparentsimplicityandgraduallypullsthemin

deeperthoughtsondesire,loneliness,andaging.（TheSocratesExpress是一本有趣而尖銳的書(shū)，它以其表面上的

簡(jiǎn)單吸引著讀者，并逐漸將他們拉進(jìn)對(duì)欲望、孤獨(dú)和衰老的深層思考中。）”可知，Weiners的書(shū)簡(jiǎn)單易懂，

由此可知，Weiners的書(shū)既幽默又簡(jiǎn)單易懂。故選D。

D

Grizzlybears,whichmaygrowtoabout2.5mlongandweighover400kg,occupyaconflictedcomerofthe

Americanpsyche-werevere（敬畏）themevenastheygiveusfrighteningdreams.Askthetouristsfromaroundthe

worldthatfloodintoYellowstoneNationalParkwhattheymosthopetosee,andtheiranswerisoftenthesame:a

grizzlybear.

“Grizzlybearsarere-occupyinglargeareasoftheirformerrange,“saysbearbiologistChrisServheen.As

grizzlybearsexpandtheirrangeintoplaceswheretheyhaven91beenseeninacenturyormore,they9reincreasingly

beingsightedbyhumans.

ThewesternhalfoftheU.S.wasfullofgrizzlieswhenEuropeanscame,witharoughnumberof50,000ormore

livingalongsideNativeAmericans.Bytheearly1970s,aftercenturiesofcruelandcontinuoushuntingbysettlers,

600to800grizzliesremainedonamere2percentoftheirformerrangeintheNorthernRockies.In1975,grizzlies

werelistedundertheEndangeredSpeciesAct.

Today,thereareabout2,000ormoregrizzlybearsintheU.S.TheirrecoveryhasbeensosuccessfulthattheU.S.

FishandWildlifeServicehastwiceattemptedtodelistgrizzlies,whichwouldloosenlegalprotectionsandallow

themtobehunted.Botheffortswereoverturnedduetolawsuitsfromconservationgroups.Fornow,grizzliesremain

listed.

Obviouslyifprecautions（預(yù)防）aren'ttaken,grizzliescanbecometroublesome,sometimeskillingfarm

animalsorwalkingthroughyardsinsearchoffood.Ifpeopleremovefoodandattractantsfromtheiryardsand

campsites,grizzlieswilltypicallypassbywithouttrouble.Puttingelectricfencingaroundchickenhousesandother

farmanimalquartersisalsohighlyeffectiveatgettinggrizzliesaway."Ourhopeistohaveaclean,attractant-free

placewherebearscanpassthroughwithoutlearningbadhabits,saysJamesJonkel,longtimebiologistwhomanages

bearsinandaroundMissoula.

12.HowdoAmericanslookatgrizzlies?

A.Theycausemixedfeelingsinpeople.

B.Theyshouldbekeptinnationalparks.

C.Theyareofhighscientificvalue.

D.TheyareasymbolofAmericanculture.

13.Whathashelpedtheincreaseofthegrizzlypopulation?

A.TheEuropeansettlers9behavior.

BTheexpansionofbears5range.

C.Theprotectionbylawsince1975.

D.ThesupportofNativeAmericans.

14.WhathasstoppedtheU.S.FishandWildlifeServicefromdelistinggrizzlies?

A.Theoppositionofconservationgroups.

B.Thesuccessfulcomebackofgrizzlies.

C.Thevoiceofthebiologists.

D.Thelocalfarmers9advocates.

15.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?

A.Foodshouldbeprovidedforgrizzlies.

B.Peoplecanliveinharmonywithgrizzlies.

C.Aspecialpathshouldbebuiltforgrizzlies.

D.Technologycanbeintroducedtoprotectgrizzlies.

【答案】12.A13.C14.A15.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是說(shuō)明文，講述了美國(guó)灰熊從瀕危物種恢復(fù)到2000多頭，但也帶來(lái)了一些問(wèn)題。

【12題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第——段中“Grizzlybears,whichmaygrowtoabout2.5mlongandweighover400kg,occupy

aconflictedcomeroftheAmericanpsyche-wereverethemevenastheygiveusfrighteningdreams.（灰熊可以長(zhǎng)

到2.5米長(zhǎng)，體重超過(guò)40。公斤，在美國(guó)人的心理中占據(jù)著一個(gè)矛盾的角落一一即使它們給我們帶來(lái)可怕的

夢(mèng)，我們也敬畏它們）”可知，美國(guó)人對(duì)灰熊既有害怕，又有敬畏，他們的情感是混合的。故選A項(xiàng)。

【13題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“In1975,grizzlieswerelistedundertheEndangeredSpeciesAct.（1975年，

灰熊被列入《瀕危物種法》）”以及第四段“Today,thereareabout2,000ormoregrizzlybearsintheU.S.Their

recoveryhasbeensosuccessfulthattheU.S.FishandWildlifeServicehastwiceattemptedtodelistgrizzlies,

whichwouldloosenlegalprotectionsandallowthemtobehunted.（如今，美國(guó)大約有2,000只或更多的灰熊。

它們的恢復(fù)非常成功，以至于美國(guó)魚(yú)類和野生動(dòng)物管理局兩次試圖將灰熊從名單上除名，這將放松對(duì)灰熊

的法律保護(hù)，允許它們被獵殺）”可推知，由于1975年起受法律保護(hù)，灰熊的數(shù)量有了增長(zhǎng)。故選C項(xiàng)。

【14題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中uToday,thereareabout2,000ormoregrizzlybearsintheU.S.Theirrecoveryhas

beensosuccessfulthattheU.S.FishandWildlifeServicehastwiceattemptedtodelistgrizzlies,whichwould

loosenlegalprotectionsandallowthemtobehunted.Botheffortswereoverturnedduetolawsuitsfrom

conservationgroups.Fornow,grizzliesremainlisted.（如今，美國(guó)大約有2,000只或更多的灰熊。它們的恢復(fù)非

常成功，以至于美國(guó)魚(yú)類和野生動(dòng)物管理局兩次試圖將灰熊從名單上除名，這將放松對(duì)灰熊的法律保護(hù)，

允許它們被獵殺。由于環(huán)保組織的訴訟，這兩項(xiàng)努力都被推翻了。目前，灰熊仍在名單上）”可知，是環(huán)保

組織的的反對(duì)阻止了美國(guó)魚(yú)類和野生動(dòng)物管理局將灰熊從瀕危物種名單上除名。故選A項(xiàng)。

【15題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Obviously,ifprecautionsaren'ttaken,grizzliescanbecometroublesome,

sometimeskillingfarmanimalsorwalkingthroughyardsinsearchoffood.Ifpeopleremovefoodandattractants

fromtheiryardsandcampsites,grizzlieswilltypicallypassbywithouttrouble.Puttingelectricfencingaround

chickenhousesandotherfarmanimalquartersisalsohighlyeffectiveatgettinggrizzliesaway.tcOurhopeisto

haveaclean,attractant-freeplacewherebearscanpassthroughwithoutlearningbadhabits,64saysJamesJonkel,

longtimebiologistwhomanagesbearsinandaroundMissoula.（顯然,如果不采取預(yù)防措施,灰熊會(huì)變得很麻煩，

有時(shí)會(huì)殺死農(nóng)場(chǎng)動(dòng)物，或者在院子里尋找食物。如果人們把食物和引誘劑從他們的院子和露營(yíng)地移走，灰

熊通常會(huì)安然通過(guò)。在雞舍和其他農(nóng)場(chǎng)動(dòng)物生活區(qū)周圍設(shè)置電動(dòng)圍欄也能有效地趕走灰熊。“我們希望有

一個(gè)干凈，沒(méi)有誘餌的地方，熊可以通過(guò)，而不會(huì)養(yǎng)成壞習(xí)慣，”詹姆斯?瓊克爾說(shuō)，他是一位長(zhǎng)期管理

米蘇拉及其周圍熊的生物學(xué)家）”可推知，灰熊數(shù)量增長(zhǎng)，雖然會(huì)帶來(lái)一些麻煩，但是如果采取一些預(yù)防措

施，人和灰熊可以和諧相處。故選B項(xiàng)。

第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

TricksToBecomingAPatientPerson

Here'sariddle:Whatdotrafficjams,longlinesandwaitingforavacationtostartallhaveincommon?There9s

oneanswer.16.

IntheDigitalAge,we'reusedtohavingwhatweneedimmediatelyandrightaiourfingertips.However,

researchsuggeststhatifwepracticedpatience,we'dbeawholelotbetteroff.Hereareseveraltricks.

?Practicegratitude（感激）

Thankfulnesshasalotofbenefits:Researchshowsitmakesushappier,lessstressedandevenmoreoptimistic.

17.“Showingthankfulnesscanfosterself-control,^^saidYeLi,researcherattheUniversityofCalifornia.

?Makeyourselfwait

Instantgratification（滿足）mayseemlikethemost6（feelgood^^optionatthetime,butpsychologyresearch

suggestswaitingforthingsactuallymakesushappierinthelongrun.Andtheonlywayforustogetintothehabitof

waitingistopractice.18.Putoffwatchingyourfavoriteshowuntiltheweekendorwait10extraminutes

beforegoingforthatcake.You'llsoonfindthatthemorepatienceyoupractice,themoreyoustarttoapplyittoother,

moreannoyingsituations.

?19.

Somanyofushavethebeliefthatbeingcomfortabelistheonlystatewewilltolerate,andwhenweexperience

somethingoutsideofourcomfortzone,wegetimpatientaboutthecircumstances.Youshouldlearntosaytoyourself,

“20You41thengraduallybecomemorepatient.

A.Findyourcauses

B.Startwithsmalltasks

C.Accepttheuncomfortable

D.Allthisaddsuptoastateofhurry

E.Itcanalsohelpuspracticemorepatience

F.Thisismerelyuncomfortable,notintolerable

G.They'reallsituationswherewecouldusealittleextrapatience

【答案】16.G17.E18.B19.C20.F

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了變得耐心的一些方法。

【16題詳解】

I艮據(jù)上文"Here'sariddle:Whatdotrafficjams,longlinesandwaitingforavacationtostartallhaveincommon?

There'soneanswer.（這里有一個(gè)謎語(yǔ)：交通堵塞、排長(zhǎng)隊(duì)和等待假期開(kāi)始有什么共同之處？答案只有一個(gè)）”

可知，本句說(shuō)明上文謎語(yǔ)的答案，結(jié)合“交通堵塞、排長(zhǎng)隊(duì)和等待假期”這些情況可知都需要耐心。故G

選項(xiàng)“在這些情況下，我們都需要一點(diǎn)額外的耐心”符合語(yǔ)境，故選G。

【17題詳解】

根據(jù)上文**Thankfulnesshasalotofbenefits:Researchshowsitmakesushappier,lessstressedandevenmore

optimistic.（感恩有很多好處：研究表明，感恩讓我們更快樂(lè)，壓力更小，甚至更樂(lè)觀）”以及后文“"Showing

thankfulnesscanfosterself-control,saidYeLi,researcherattheUniversityofCalifornia.（力口州大學(xué)的研究員葉麗

說(shuō)：“表達(dá)感激可以培養(yǎng)自我控制能力。“）”可知，上文提到了感恩的諸多好處，可知本句繼續(xù)說(shuō)明感恩

的好處：它還可以幫助我們練習(xí)更多的耐心。E選項(xiàng)中It指代上文Thankfulness。故E選項(xiàng)“它還可以幫助

我們練習(xí)更多的耐心”符合語(yǔ)境，故選E。

【18題詳解】

根據(jù)上文"Andtheonlywayforustogetintothehabitofwaitingistopractice.（我們養(yǎng)成等待習(xí)慣的唯一方法

就是練習(xí)）”以及后文"Putoffwatchingyourfavoriteshowuntiltheweekendorwait10extraminutesbefore

goingforthatcake.（把你最喜歡的節(jié)目推遲到周末再看，或者多等10分鐘再去吃蛋糕）”可知，后文列舉的

事情都是日常的小事，說(shuō)明要從小事開(kāi)始練習(xí)等待，故B選項(xiàng)“從小任務(wù)開(kāi)始”符合語(yǔ)境，故選B。

【19題詳解】

根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“Somanyofushavethebeliefthatbeingcomfortableistheonlystatewewilltolerate,andwhenwe

experiencesomethingoutsideofourcomfortzone,wegetimpatientaboutthecircumstances.（我們中的許多人都

認(rèn)為舒適是我們唯一能容忍的狀態(tài)，當(dāng)我們經(jīng)歷舒適區(qū)之外的事情時(shí)，我們會(huì)對(duì)環(huán)境失去耐心）”可知，本

段提到了舒適是我們唯一能容忍的狀態(tài)，結(jié)合前文的小標(biāo)題都是祈使句可知，本段的主旨與接受不舒適相

關(guān)，C選項(xiàng)中uncomfortable對(duì)應(yīng)后文comfortable。故C選項(xiàng)“接受不舒服”符合語(yǔ)境，故選C。

【20題詳解】

根據(jù)上文"Youshouldlearntosaytoyourself（你應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)對(duì)自己說(shuō)...）"以及后文"Youllthengradually

becomemorepatient.（然后你會(huì)逐漸變得更有耐心）”結(jié)合本段主要說(shuō)明的是不舒服的狀態(tài)，可知，本句為對(duì)

自己所說(shuō)的話與接受不舒服相關(guān)，故F選項(xiàng)“這僅僅是不舒服，而不是無(wú)法忍受"符合語(yǔ)境，故選F。

第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）

第一節(jié)（共20小題：每小題1.5分，滿分30分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳

選項(xiàng)。

Manyyearsago,IboughtahouseintheGarfagnana,wherewestillgoeverysummer.Thefirsttimewe

21there,weheardthechugchug-chugofamotorbike22itswaydownthehilltowardus.Itwas

23calledMario,comingto24usaboxcontainingsometomatoesandabottleofwine.Itwasavery

nice25forhimtomake.Butwhenwelookedatthetomatoes,wewere26becausetheywereso

misshapen:notatalllikethenice,round,27thingsyougetinasupermarket.Andthewinewascloudy,ina

funnyoldbottlewithnolabel（標(biāo)簽）onit.Thesecan'tbeany28,wethought.Butwewere29his

kindness,sowe30them.

Whatwediscoveredisthatifs31tojudgewhatyoueatonlybyits32.Thosetomatoeshad

33thatremindedmeoftheonesmyuncleusedtogrowwhenIwasachild.Nowadayssupermarkettomatoes

34perfectbuttasteofwater.Nobody'sgoingtohavea35memoryofthose.Ifsasurprisetheyhaven

managedtogrowsquareonessothattheycan36themeasily.Mario9swinemayhavebeencloudyandcome

outofanoldbottle,butitwas37.

It'sgoodtoeatthingsatthecorrecttime,whenthey're38、andascloseaspossibletowheretheywere

39.WhatMariohad40uswasthetasteoftheGarfagnana.

21.A.waitedB.metC.campedD.stayed

22.A.makingB.searchingC.squeezingD.feeling

23.A.customerB.neighborC.relativeD.passenger

24.A.lendB.sendC.bringD.show

25.A.choiceB.commentC.promiseD.gesture

26.A.worriedB.movedC.thrilledD.bored

27.A.simpleB.realC.shinyD.fun

28.A.moreB.goodC.new