四川大學(xué)期末考試試題B卷閉卷

課程名稱：任課教師：學(xué)號：姓名：本題NUMPAGES8頁，本頁為第8頁教務(wù)處試題編號：注：試題字跡務(wù)必清晰，書寫工整。本題NUMPAGES8頁，本頁為第1頁教務(wù)處試題編號：四川大學(xué)期末考試試題B卷（閉卷）（2005—2006學(xué)年第1學(xué)期）課程號：31108740課序號：0,1課程名稱：現(xiàn)代軟件工程任課教師：劉東權(quán)洪玫適用專業(yè)：軟件工程適用年級：2003級學(xué)生人數(shù):176印題份數(shù)：180學(xué)號：姓名：考試須知四川大學(xué)學(xué)生參加由學(xué)校組織或由學(xué)校承辦的各級各類考試，必須嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行《四川大學(xué)考試工作管理辦法》和《四川大學(xué)考場規(guī)則》。有考試違紀(jì)作弊行為的，一律按照《四川大學(xué)學(xué)生考試違紀(jì)作弊處罰條例》進行處理。四川大學(xué)各級各類考試的監(jiān)考人員，必須嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行《四川大學(xué)考試工作管理辦法》、《四川大學(xué)考場規(guī)則》和《四川大學(xué)監(jiān)考人員職責(zé)》。有違反學(xué)校有關(guān)規(guī)定的，嚴(yán)格按照《四川大學(xué)教學(xué)事故認定及處理辦法》進行處理。題號一二三四五六七八九十考勤實驗期中期末總分得分考試時間年月日閱卷教師簽名Multiplechoice(Onlyoneiscorrect):(20*2%=40%)Approximatelywhichactivitylistedbelowwillconsumetheleastamountoftimeinaproject?（C）AanalysisBdesignCcodingDtestingThefirststepinprojectplanningisto（A）AdeterminesoftwarescopeBselectprojectteamleaderCdeterminethebudgetDdeterminetheprocessmodelWhichfactorsareimportantwhenchoosingaprojectteamleader?（A）AmanagerialidentityBoutstandingprogrammingabilityCproblemsolvingabilityDabilityofcommunicatingtootherpeopleTheimportanceofsoftwaredesigncanbesummarizedinasingleword:（D）AaccuracyBcomplexityCefficiencyDqualityCohesionisaqualitativeindicationofthedegreetowhichamodule（D）AcanbewrittenmorecompactlyBisconnectedtoothermodulesandtheoutsideworldCisabletocompleteitsfunctioninatimelymannerDfocusesonjustonethingNotationsfordepictingproceduraldetailinclude（C）AboxdiagramBERdiagramCflowchartDdecisiontableThebestreasonforusingindependentsoftwaretestteamsisthat（C）AsoftwaredevelopersdonotneedtodoanytestingBtestersdonotgetinvolvedwiththeprojectuntiltestingbeginsCstrangerswilltestthesoftwaremercilesslyDtheconflictsofinterestbetweendevelopersandtestersisreducedWhichofthefollowingitemsisnotthesoftwareengineeringlayers?（A）A.ProgrammingB.qualityC.MethodsD.ToolsWhatarethethreegenericphasesofsoftwareengineering?（A）A.definition,development,supportB.what,how,whereC.programming,debugging,maintenanceD.analysis,design,testingTheWater-Fallprocessmodelofsoftwaredevelopmentis（A）Areasonableapproachwhenrequirementsarewelldefined.Agoodapproachwhenaworkingprogramisrequiredquickly.Thebestapproachtouseforprojectswithlargedevelopmentteams.Anoldfashionedmodelthatisrarelyusedanymore.Ifcustomerscannotdefinerequirementsclearly,thedevelopershoulduse（B）TheWater-FallmodelTheprototypingmodelTheV-cyclemodelAnymodelTherearethreeimportantriskswhichwemustfocusonthemcarefully.Theyare（B）businessrisks,personnelrisks,budgetrisksprojectrisks,technicalrisks,businessrisksplanningrisks,technicalrisks,personnelrisksmanagementrisks,technicalrisks,designrisksKeyconceptofqualitycontrolisthatallworkproducts（C）aredeliveredontimeandunderbudgethavecompletedocumentationhavemeasurablespecificationsforprocessoutputsarethoroughlytestedbeforedeliverytothecustomerWhattaskisnotperformedaspartofsoftwarerequirementsanalysis?（C）evaluationandsynthesismodelingandproblemrecognitionplanningandschedulingspecificationandreviewTheentityrelationshipdiagram（A）depictsrelationshipsbetweendataobjectsdepictsfunctionsthattransformthedataflowindicateshowdataaretransformedbythesystemindicatessystemreactionstoexternaleventsWhichofthefollowingisnotanareaofconcerninthedesignmodel?（D）architecturedatainterfacesprojectscopeWhichoffollowingisacharacteristicofagooddesign?（B）exhibitsstrongcouplingbetweenitsmodulesimplementsallrequirementsintheanalysismodelincludestestcasesforallcomponentsincorporatessourcecodefordescriptivepurposesSoftwarereliabilityproblemscanalmostalwaysbetracedto（B）errorsinrequirementsgatheringerrorsindesignandimplementationhumanerrorerrorsinoperationWhichofthefollowingneedtobeassessedduringunittesting?（C）algorithmicperformancecodestabilityexecutionanderrorhandlingalloftheaboveWhichofthefollowingisanapproachtodebugging?（D）backtrackingbruteforcecauseeliminationalloftheaboveTrueorfalse.(10*2%=20%)Softwareisaproductandcanbemanufacturedusingthesametechnologiesusedforotherengineeringartifacts.（F）Customers,end-users,practitioners,projectmanagersandsalespeopleareallconsideredasplayersinthesoftwareprocess.（T）Agoodsoftwareisflexible,soitcaneasilyaccommodatechangesbroughtupwiththerequirementchange.（T）Weshouldconsidertheimplementationviewfirstduringsoftwarerequirementsanalysis.（F）Everycomputer-basedsystemcanbemodeledasaninformationtransformusinganinput-processing-outputtemplate.（T）Testcasesshouldbedesignedlongbeforetestingbegins.（T）Recoverytestingisasystemtestthatforcesthesoftwaretofailinavarietyofwaysandverifiesthatsoftwareisabletocontinueexecutionwithoutinterruption.（F）Addingmorepeopletoaprojectthatisalreadybehindscheduleisagoodwaytocatchup.（F）Changecannotbeeasilyaccommodatedinmostsoftwaresystems,unlessasystemwasdesignedwithchangeinmind.（T）Aconsiderationofsoftwarescopemustincludeanevaluationofallexternalinterfaces.（T）Shortanswer:(4*5%=20%)Whataremaincontentsinaprojectplan?ANSWER：項目計劃的主要內(nèi)容包括項目概述，項目范圍和任務(wù)，項目組織機構(gòu)和職責(zé)分工，項目任務(wù)分解，項目進度計劃，項目提交物，項目驗收標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，項目相關(guān)各項子計劃，包括質(zhì)量管理計劃，配置管理計劃，軟件開發(fā)計劃，測試計劃，驗收計劃，評審計劃等。Pleasedescribethedifferencesbetweentheverificationandvalidation?ANSWER：驗證測試是對產(chǎn)品實現(xiàn)的功能的正確性進行測試，驗證實現(xiàn)的功能是否正確。而確認測試是對產(chǎn)品是否實現(xiàn)了需求所定義的功能的測試，確認是否實現(xiàn)了功能。Whatarethecharacteristicsoftestablesoftware?ANSWER：可測試軟件是指軟件在測試時可操作，可觀察，可控制，可分解，簡單化，穩(wěn)定性，可理解。WhatistheSQA?Describeitsroleinsoftwaredevelopment.ANSWER：軟件質(zhì)量保障，是軟件開發(fā)的重要工作，SQA主要通過軟件測試來實現(xiàn)，保證軟件提交的質(zhì)量，涉及到軟件工程方法學(xué)，正式的技術(shù)評審，軟件度量，軟件標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和過程，軟件配置管理和軟件測試等。Pleasegiveexplanationsonwhyrequirementselicitationissodifficult.ANSWER：需求分析的困難在于：作為用戶，缺乏計算機相關(guān)知識，不了解計算機能做什么，不能清楚地描述需求；作為設(shè)計者，不完全了解用戶的業(yè)務(wù)，不知道用戶的業(yè)務(wù)需求是什么。Answerthefollowingquestionsindetail:(2*10%=20%)Asa