英語譯林版（皖湘專用）選修6導(dǎo)學(xué)筆記Unit1PeriodThree

PeriodThreeTaskⅠ.重點單詞1.foreignern.外國人foreignadj.外國的2.instructvt.教授，傳授；命令，指示；告知instructionn.命令3.initialadj.最初的，初始的；n.(人名的)首字母initiallyadv.最初，開始4.attainvt.(通常經(jīng)過努力)獲得；得到；達到5.polishvt.提高；修改；潤色Ⅱ.重點短語1.takeon接納2.haveaninterestin對……感興趣3.moveonto(doing)sth.繼續(xù)；繼續(xù)前進；開始做(別的事)；換(話題)4.gowith與……相配5.inregardto關(guān)于Ⅲ.重點句式1.once引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句Oncetheyhavepolishedtheirskills，someofhisstudentsgoontobeequitewellknownthemselves.一旦他們掌握了這些技巧，他的一些學(xué)生便會繼續(xù)下去，直到自己變得非常出名。2.Whynot...?So，ifyouwanttotrycrosstalklessons，whynotstudywitharealoldmaster?因此，如果你想嘗試一下相聲課，為什么不跟隨一名真正的相聲大師學(xué)習(xí)呢？重點詞匯1.Hehasinstructedstudentsfromover70differentcountries.他已指導(dǎo)過來自70多個不同國家的學(xué)生。(1)instructvt.教授，傳授；指示，命令；告知instructsb.todosth.指導(dǎo)某人做某事(2)instructionn.指示；說明書；使用指南(常用復(fù)數(shù))；[U]指導(dǎo)obey/followinstructions遵從指令/指示(3)instructiveadj.有教育意義的，有啟發(fā)性的(4)instructorn.指導(dǎo)員，教練注意：instruct表示“命令”時，后面賓語從句的謂語動詞要用shoulddo，should可以省略。(1)ItwasJaythatinstructedmetothrowmyselfoutoftheplane.是杰伊告訴我從飛機上跳下去的。(2)Theyinstructedhimthathe(should)leavethecountryatonce.他們命令他立刻離開這個國家。(3)Itisimportanttofollowtheteacher’sinstructions(instruct)inthelab.在實驗室聽從老師的指示非常重要。[一句多譯](4)老人命令所有的孩子都待在樓內(nèi)。①Theoldmaninstructedallthechildrentostayinthebuilding.(簡單句)②Theoldmaninstructedthatallthechildren(should)stayinthebuilding.(復(fù)合句)2.Inaninterview，hetoldusthatheisalwayshappytotakeonnewforeignstudents.在一次采訪中，他告訴我們，他總是樂意接收新的外國學(xué)生。takeon接納；接受(工作)，承擔(責(zé)任)；較量；雇用；呈現(xiàn)；具有……的特征takeback收回takedown記下來；拿下來；拆除takeoff起飛；脫下takeout取出takeover接管(1)I’mreallysorry.ItakebackwhatIsaid.真的很抱歉。我收回我說的話。(2)Thepolicemantookdownallthedetailsoftheaccident.警察記下了這起事故的所有細節(jié)。(3)We’lltakeoffinfiveminutes.Pleasefastenyourseatbelts.我們在五分鐘后起飛。請系好安全帶。[一詞多義]寫出下列句子中黑體詞的漢語意思(4)Don’ttakeontoomuchwork—theextracashisn’tworthit.承擔(5)Aftertheheavyrain，thewillowstookonabrightergreen.呈現(xiàn)(6)Thenewpanywilltakeonmoreworkersnextyear.雇用3.Thentheymoveontocreatingcrosstalkdialoguesinpairswithotherstudents.然后，他們就開始與其他的學(xué)生兩人一組表演相聲了。moveon繼續(xù)前進；開始做(別的事)；換(話題)(后接介詞to)；讓(某人)離開(事故現(xiàn)場等)；(時間)流逝movein搬家，搬入新居moveoff啟程；出發(fā)；離開beonthemove在移動中(1)Thoughhefailedthistime，hemovedonagain.盡管他這次失敗了，但他仍繼續(xù)努力。(2)Don’tjumpoffatrainwhenit’sonthemove.在火車行進時切勿跳下。[單句改錯](3)I’ddonethesamejobforyearsandfeltitwastimetomoveonto.經(jīng)典句式1.Oncetheyhavepolishedtheirskills，someofhisstudentsgoontobeequitewellknownthemselves.一旦他們掌握了這些技巧，他的一些學(xué)生便會繼續(xù)下去，直到自己變得非常出名。once引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，意為“一旦……就……”。如果once引導(dǎo)的從句的主語與主句的主語一致，且從句中的謂語動詞含有be動詞的某種形式時，或從句為“itbe...”形式時，從句中的“主語＋be”或“itbe”可以省略。(1)Onceyouhaveheardthesong，youwillneverforgetit.一旦你聽過這首歌，你將永遠不會忘記它。(2)Oncebroadcast，theTVplaywillbeverypopularwithyoungpeople.一旦開播，這部電視劇將會非常受年輕人的歡迎。[單句改錯](3)eq\f(Unless,Once)thedamageisdone，itwilltakemanyyearsforthefarmlandtorecover.2.So，ifyouwanttotrycrosstalklessons，whynotstudywitharealoldmaster？因此，如果你想嘗試一下相聲課，為什么不跟隨一名真正的相聲大師學(xué)習(xí)呢？(1)Whynotdo...？表示提出建議，意為“何不/為什么不……呢？”，相當于Whydon’tyoudo...?(2)Whynotdo...？與Whydo...？相似，但是前者表示提出建議，后者表示對某一做法提出質(zhì)疑或反對或表示不必，意為“為什么那樣做呢？”或“何必做……呢？”(1)Whynotmanagetoleadagreenlife?為何不設(shè)法過一種環(huán)保的生活呢？(2)Whygivehersomeflowers?為什么要給她一些花呀？[一句多譯](3)他那么聰明。你為什么不向他請教些建議呢？①Heissoclever.Whydon’tyouaskhimforsomeadvice?②Heissoclever.Whynotaskhimforsomeadvice？Ⅰ.單句語法填空1.Onlyafteryouhaveattained(attain)enoughbasicskillscanyouproducecreativeworksofart.2.Shecameinitially(initial)tospendafewdays，butintheendshestayedforawholemonth.3.I’mtoooldtotakeontoomuchworkinthisfactory.4.—IthasbeenalongtimesinceIsawmysister.—Whynotvisitherthisweekend?5.Onceyouget(get)familiarwithher，youwillfindherverykind.6.Undertheteacher’sinstruction(instruct)，we’vemadegreatprogress.7.Theactresswantedahattogowithherdress.8.WhatIcannotunderstandiswhyshewantstoresignherpresentjob.9.Ihavebeeninthisjoblongenough—it’stimeImovedontohaving(have)arest.10.Thearticlewilleoutassoonasitispolished(polish).Ⅱ.完成句子11.在緊急情況下保持鎮(zhèn)靜是很重要的。Itisimportanttokeepcalminanemergency.12.如果你不喜歡讀這本書，那就換另一本。Ifthebookboresyou，moveontoanother.13.為什么不來和我們一塊爬山？Whynoteandjoinusinclimbingthemountain?14.我們需要有實用技術(shù)的人。Weneedpeoplewithpracticalskills.15.一旦記住，永生不忘。Onceyourememberit，youwillneverforgetit.Ⅲ.語法填空(2018·山東濟南歷城二中高二檢測)IwasattheIndiangrocerystorewithmycart16.totally(total)fulltocheckout.TherewasanAfricanAmericanmaninhissixtiesbehindme.Itoldhimhecouldgobeforemebecausehehadjusttwoitemsinhishand，andhewasallsmilesandadded，asif17.making(make)funofme，“Thanks!Whydon’tyoupayformystufftoo，”and18.laughed(laugh).Ifeltalittle19.embarrassed(embarrass)andthoughtthatthemanhadawonderfulsenseofhumor.Itoldtheladyatthecheckoutnot20.tocharge(charge)him.IsaidIwouldpayforhim.Hesaid，“No，no，no，Iwasjustkidding.”AndI21.replied(reply)withasmile，“Yes，yes，yourwishisheard.Pleaseletmedoit！”Aswetalkedoutside，hetoldmethattheIndianherbs(草藥)22.that/whichhehadboughtwereforhisfriendsoIshouldtakethemoney.Isaidtohim，“Itisgood23.thatitisnotforyou.Nowyoucanpayitforwardtosomebodyelse.”Hethankedme24.andpromisedhewould.Eventually，Iwenthomewithmycarfullofgroceriesandmyheartfullof25.warmth(warm)andkindness.英文電子郵件在內(nèi)容結(jié)構(gòu)上與普通書信一樣，但在格式上有所不同。它主要由以下幾部分組成：1.標題欄一般情況下，開頭需要填寫的地方有To：(收件人)及subject(郵件主題)。2.稱呼語在電子郵件中，正文前的稱呼應(yīng)根據(jù)寫信人與收信人的關(guān)系而定，一般以Dear...或Mydear...開頭。3.正文正文是電子郵件的主要部分，寫作時需注意以下兩點：(1)首先要明確寫給誰。不同的收件人，語氣不同。寫給朋友的可用一些俚語或縮寫詞語，但正式的郵件就不能用俚語或縮寫詞語。像高考中的書面表達題，就是正規(guī)的寫作，一般不用俚語或縮寫詞語。(2)文體的特點是簡單明了，便于閱讀，所以電子郵件大多把話題分成幾個小主題，每個小主題一段，每段一般只有一兩句話，正文由兩三個或三四個簡短的段落構(gòu)成。當然，對重點部分要作詳細介紹。太長的內(nèi)容可以以附件的方式發(fā)出。4.結(jié)束語結(jié)束語常用敬語，表示客套和禮節(jié)，措辭應(yīng)恰當。通常用“BestRegards！”，“BestWishes！”或使用“Haveaniceday！”，“Gooddaytoyou！”等表示美好祝愿的語句作為敬意結(jié)尾。5.署名在結(jié)束語的下面一至兩行簽上自己的名字。常用開頭語：1.Thankyoufor...2.I’mgladtoreceiveyourletterdatedon...3.I’msorrythatIcouldn’twriteearlier.4.Howareyougettingalongwithyourstudy?5.WithgreatpleasureIlearnthat...6.I’mwritingtoaskif...正文常用語：1.Couldyoueto...？/Iwouldverymuchlikeyoutojoinus.(邀請)2.I’dliketoe，butIcan’tbecause.../I’mreallysorrytosay...(委婉拒絕)3.Inmyopinion，youshould...(回復(fù)求助)常用結(jié)束語：1.I’mlookingforwardtoreceiving...2.Allmybestwishestoyou.3.Remembermetoyourparents.4.Goodlucktoyou.5.Pleasegivemyplimentstoyourfamily.學(xué)校概況共有1800名學(xué)生，32個教學(xué)班，200名教職員工。班級情況高二(3)班：共50名學(xué)生，其中男生35名、女生15名；班主任是一位女老師，教英語，心地善良、工作嚴謹。學(xué)習(xí)科目語文、數(shù)學(xué)、英語為必修課，另外還有許多選修課。參考詞匯：必修課requiredcourses；選修課selectedcourses寫作步驟StepOne審題謀篇1.時態(tài)：本文應(yīng)以一般現(xiàn)在時為主。2.人稱：以第一人稱寫。3.目的：告知網(wǎng)友保羅你們學(xué)校的有關(guān)情況。StepTwo聯(lián)想詞匯1.工作努力workhard2.從……中選擇choosefrom...3.對……和藹bekindto...4.對……嚴格bestrictin...5.對工作認真beseriousaboutone’sworkStepThree句式升級1.我們學(xué)校有1800名學(xué)生，32個教學(xué)班，有200名教職工。Thereare1,800studentsand32classesinourschool.Thereare200teachersandstaff.(簡單句)Thereare1,800studentsand32classeswith200teachersandstaffinourschool.(with)2.除此之外，我們還有很多選修科目可供選擇。Besidesthese，wehavemanyselectedcourses.Wecanchoosefromthem.(簡單句)Besidesthese，wehavemanyselectedcoursestochoosefrom.(不定式作后置定語)3.我的英語老師是我們的班主任，她對我們很和藹，但是對工作很嚴格、很認真。MyEnglishteacherisourheadteacher.Sheisverykindtousbutsheisverystrictandseriousaboutherwork.(簡單句)MyEnglishteacherisourheadteacher，whoisverykindtousbutisverystrictandseriousaboutherwork.(定語從句)StepFour連句成篇DearPaul，I’mwritingtotellyousomethingaboutmyschool.Thereare1,800studentsand32classeswith200teachersandstaffinourschool.Theteachersinourschoolworkhard.Chinese，mathsandEnglishareourrequiredcourses.Besidesthese，wehavemanyselectedcoursestochoosefrom，too.I’minClass3，Grade2.Therearefiftystudents—thirtyfiveboysandfifteengirlsinmyclass.MyEnglishteacherisourheadteacher，whoisverykindtousbutisverystrictandseriousaboutherwork.Weallthinkthatsheisagreatteacher.Howaboutyourschool？Pleasewritetomesoon.Yours，LiHuaⅠ.閱讀理解IfyouwanttobeeafluentEnglishspeakeryoushouldtakesomeadvice：TherearefourskillsinlearningEnglish.Theyarereading，listening，speakingandwriting.Themostimportantthingyoumustrememberisthatifyouwanttoimproveyourspeakingandwritingskillsyoushouldfirstmastertheskillsofreadingandlistening.Readasmuchasyoucan.Butyourreadingmustbeactive.Itmeansthatyoumustthinkaboutthemeaningofthesentence，themeaningoftheunfamiliarwords，etc.Thereisnoneedforyoutopaymuchattentiontogrammarsortrytounderstandalltheunfamiliarwordsyoueacross，butthefactthatyouseethemforthefirsttimeandrecognizethemwheneveryouseethem，forexampleinotherpassagesorbooks，isenough.Itwouldbebettertoprepareyourselfanotebooksoyoucanwritedowntheimportantwordsorsentencesinit.Asforlistening，therearetwochoices：besidesreading，youcanlisteneverydayforabout30minutes.Youcanonlypayattentiontoyourreadingandbeeskillfulatyourreading，thenyoucancatchuponyourlistening.Sinceyouhavelotsofinputsinyourmind，youcaneasilyguesswhatthespeakerisgoingtosay.Thisnevermeansthatyoushouldnotpracticelistening.Forlisteningyoucanlistentocartoonsorsomemoviesthatarespeciallymadeforchildren.Theirlanguagesareeasy.OrifyouaregoodatlisteningyoucanlistentoVOAorBBCprogramseveryday.Againthethingtorememberisbeingactiveinlisteningandpreferablytakingsomenotes.Ifyoufollowthesepiecesofadvice，yourspeakingandwritingwillimproveautomatically，andyoucanbesurethatwithalittleefforttheywillbeeperfect.eq\x(語篇解讀本文是關(guān)于如何提高英語聽說讀寫的能力的建議。)1.Accordingtotheauthor，whichshouldyouimprovefirstamongthefourskills?A.Readingandlistening.B.Readingandwriting.C.Writingandspeaking.D.Speakingandlistening.答案A解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句可知，作者認為要想提高說和寫的能力，首先要掌握讀和聽的技能。2.Toimproveyourreading，whenyoureadyoushould.A.lookupallthenewwordsinthedictionaryB.thinkaboutwhatyouarereadingactivelyC.spendmoretimestudyinggrammarsD.copyasmanywordsandsentencesaspossible答案B解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二、三句可知，在閱讀的過程中要積極思考。3.Thepassageismainlyabouthowto.A.choosesuitablelisteningmaterialsB.dealwithnewwordsinreadingC.improveyourEnglishasquicklyaspossibleD.beefluentinspeakingandwritingEnglish答案D解析主旨大意題。文章第一句話便點明主題，接著用大量篇幅闡述了如何通過提高閱讀和聽力技能，從而帶動說和寫的技能，成為afluentEnglishspeaker。Ⅱ.完形填空(2017·山西康杰中學(xué)高二檢測)IrememberbelievinginSantawhenIwasaveryyounggirl.However，asIgrewolder，Ilearnedmany4that“proved”hisnonexistence.Always5bynature，Iwasdeterminedtouse6todecidewhetherSantaClauswas7.Thefirsttest8whenIwas5.IdecidedthatifI9allnightonChristmasEve，IcouldseeifSantareallycamedownthechimney.10，thatwasauseless11.Ifellasleepthatyear，andwhenIwokeup，Isawa12wrappedpresentunderthe13.Attheageof7，IcameupwithanothertesttoseeifSantawasreal.Thatyear，Ididn’tsendoutmyChristmaslettertoSantabecauseIwanted14forChristmas，butthisturnedintoaplot.Bythen，I15knewSantawasn’treal，butIwantedenough16tosupportthis.Thatyearwas17，becauseonChristmasEve，mymotherdraggedmetoourlocalWalMartandledmearoundthetoysection.I18tosayaword，butdidletmyeyes19onaballetset.I20that“Santa”wouldn’tknowwhatIwantedbecauseheshouldn’tbeabletoreadmy21.However，mymotherwouldknoweverythingthatcaughtmyeyesinthestore.IfIgottheballetsetthenextmorning，Iwouldhavemyevidence.OnChristmasmorning，therewastheballetset，sittingunderthetreeagain.22Ididn’tuseitmuch，mymotherendedupreturningitafewdayslater.She23Santawasgenerousenoughtoleaveareceipt.ThatwastheendtomytasktodiscovertheexistenceofSanta.eq\x(語篇解讀本文介紹了作者小時候為了驗證圣誕老人是不存在的而做的一些測試。)4.A.theories B.factsC.situations D.choices答案B解析隨著我慢慢長大，我了解到更多的事實，證明圣誕老人是不存在的。fact事實。故選B。5.A.cautious B.typicalC.curious D.desperate答案C解析生性好奇，我決定做些測試，來看看圣誕老人是否是真的。curious好奇的。故選C。6.A.data B.examsC.tricks D.tests答案D解析下文“ThefirsttestwhenIwas5.”一句中有提示，故選D。7.A.real B.wiseC.merciful D.generous答案A解析第三段中的“IcameupwithanothertesttoseeifSantawasreal”有提示。real真實的.故選A。8.A.worked B.happenedC.succeeded D.failed答案B解析happen發(fā)生。第一個測試發(fā)生在我5歲的時候?？芍xB。9.A.calledup B.keptupC.stayedup D.madeup答案C解析我決定熬夜，這樣就能看到圣誕老人是否會順著煙囪下來。stayup熬夜。故選C。10.A.Instead B.OtherwiseC.Therefore D.However答案D解析由下文“Ifellasleepthatyear，andwhenIwokeup，Isawawrappedpresentunderthe.”可知，那是一個無用的嘗試。上下文之間為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故選however“然而”。11.A.attempt B.suggestionC.effect D.struggle答案A解析參考上題解析。attempt嘗試。故選A。12.A.roughly B.clearlyC.beautifully D.tidily答案C解析醒來的時候，我看到包裝精美的禮物……。beautifully美麗地。故選C。13.A.bed B.treeC.chimney D.table答案B解析由下文的“...sittingunderthetreeagain.”可知，禮物應(yīng)該是放在了圣誕樹下。故選B。14.A.everything B.nothingC.anything D.something答案B解析那年我沒有給圣誕老人寫信，因為我什么都不想要。nothing什么也沒有。故選B。15.A.hardly B.neverC.already D.usually答案C解析當時我已經(jīng)知道圣誕老人不是真的了。already已經(jīng)。故選C。16.A.evidence B.intentionC.idea D.experience答案A解析但是我想要足夠多的證據(jù)來支撐我的看法。evidence證據(jù)。故選A。17.A.amazing B.strangeC.interesting D.annoying答案C解析那年的圣誕節(jié)很有趣。interesting有趣的。故選C。18.A.hated B.triedC.hesitated D.refused答案D解析我拒絕說話，眼睛卻盯著芭蕾舞裝。refusetodo拒絕做某事。故選D。19.A.focus B.tryC.put D.call答案A解析但是確實讓我的眼睛聚焦在一套芭蕾裝上。focuson聚焦于。故選A。20.A.hoped B.explainedC.argued D.figured答案D解析我料想圣誕老人不會知道我要什么，因為他讀不懂我的心思。figure料想。故選D。21.A.purpose B.opinionC.mind D.eyes答案C解析參考上題解析。readone’smind讀懂某人的心思。故選C。22.A.As B.IfC.Although D.Assoonas答案A解析因為我不大用，所以母親幾天后把衣服退回去了。as由于。故選A。23.A.admitted B.promisedC.thought D.said答案D解析她說圣誕老人很慷慨，留下了收據(jù)。故選D。Ⅲ.短文改錯(2017·江西南昌三中高二檢測)Severaldaysbefore，Iwasoutwithmyfriendsatalocalfastfoodrestaurant.Thefoodweatewasgoodbutwehadfuntogether.Beforeweleftfortherestaurant，wefoundthatitalsosoldicecream.Wegotexcitingbecausewehadn’teatenicecreamforalongtime.Oneofmyfrienddecidedtobuyallofusicecreamandintherestaurant，theyallscreamedwithjoy！Thenthemancameinwithhisson，whowantedtobuyice