英語譯林版（皖湘專用）選修6導(dǎo)學(xué)筆記Unit1PeriodThree

PeriodThreeTaskⅠ.重點(diǎn)單詞1.foreignern.外國(guó)人foreignadj.外國(guó)的2.instructvt.教授，傳授；命令，指示；告知instructionn.命令3.initialadj.最初的，初始的；n.(人名的)首字母initiallyadv.最初，開始4.attainvt.(通常經(jīng)過努力)獲得；得到；達(dá)到5.polishvt.提高；修改；潤(rùn)色Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)短語1.takeon接納2.haveaninterestin對(duì)……感興趣3.moveonto(doing)sth.繼續(xù)；繼續(xù)前進(jìn)；開始做(別的事)；換(話題)4.gowith與……相配5.inregardto關(guān)于Ⅲ.重點(diǎn)句式1.once引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句Oncetheyhavepolishedtheirskills，someofhisstudentsgoontobeequitewellknownthemselves.一旦他們掌握了這些技巧，他的一些學(xué)生便會(huì)繼續(xù)下去，直到自己變得非常出名。2.Whynot...?So，ifyouwanttotrycrosstalklessons，whynotstudywitharealoldmaster?因此，如果你想嘗試一下相聲課，為什么不跟隨一名真正的相聲大師學(xué)習(xí)呢？重點(diǎn)詞匯1.Hehasinstructedstudentsfromover70differentcountries.他已指導(dǎo)過來自70多個(gè)不同國(guó)家的學(xué)生。(1)instructvt.教授，傳授；指示，命令；告知instructsb.todosth.指導(dǎo)某人做某事(2)instructionn.指示；說明書；使用指南(常用復(fù)數(shù))；[U]指導(dǎo)obey/followinstructions遵從指令/指示(3)instructiveadj.有教育意義的，有啟發(fā)性的(4)instructorn.指導(dǎo)員，教練注意：instruct表示“命令”時(shí)，后面賓語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞要用shoulddo，should可以省略。(1)ItwasJaythatinstructedmetothrowmyselfoutoftheplane.是杰伊告訴我從飛機(jī)上跳下去的。(2)Theyinstructedhimthathe(should)leavethecountryatonce.他們命令他立刻離開這個(gè)國(guó)家。(3)Itisimportanttofollowtheteacher’sinstructions(instruct)inthelab.在實(shí)驗(yàn)室聽從老師的指示非常重要。[一句多譯](4)老人命令所有的孩子都待在樓內(nèi)。①Theoldmaninstructedallthechildrentostayinthebuilding.(簡(jiǎn)單句)②Theoldmaninstructedthatallthechildren(should)stayinthebuilding.(復(fù)合句)2.Inaninterview，hetoldusthatheisalwayshappytotakeonnewforeignstudents.在一次采訪中，他告訴我們，他總是樂意接收新的外國(guó)學(xué)生。takeon接納；接受(工作)，承擔(dān)(責(zé)任)；較量；雇用；呈現(xiàn)；具有……的特征takeback收回takedown記下來；拿下來；拆除takeoff起飛；脫下takeout取出takeover接管(1)I’mreallysorry.ItakebackwhatIsaid.真的很抱歉。我收回我說的話。(2)Thepolicemantookdownallthedetailsoftheaccident.警察記下了這起事故的所有細(xì)節(jié)。(3)We’lltakeoffinfiveminutes.Pleasefastenyourseatbelts.我們?cè)谖宸昼姾笃痫w。請(qǐng)系好安全帶。[一詞多義]寫出下列句子中黑體詞的漢語意思(4)Don’ttakeontoomuchwork—theextracashisn’tworthit.承擔(dān)(5)Aftertheheavyrain，thewillowstookonabrightergreen.呈現(xiàn)(6)Thenewpanywilltakeonmoreworkersnextyear.雇用3.Thentheymoveontocreatingcrosstalkdialoguesinpairswithotherstudents.然后，他們就開始與其他的學(xué)生兩人一組表演相聲了。moveon繼續(xù)前進(jìn)；開始做(別的事)；換(話題)(后接介詞to)；讓(某人)離開(事故現(xiàn)場(chǎng)等)；(時(shí)間)流逝movein搬家，搬入新居moveoff啟程；出發(fā)；離開beonthemove在移動(dòng)中(1)Thoughhefailedthistime，hemovedonagain.盡管他這次失敗了，但他仍繼續(xù)努力。(2)Don’tjumpoffatrainwhenit’sonthemove.在火車行進(jìn)時(shí)切勿跳下。[單句改錯(cuò)](3)I’ddonethesamejobforyearsandfeltitwastimetomoveonto.經(jīng)典句式1.Oncetheyhavepolishedtheirskills，someofhisstudentsgoontobeequitewellknownthemselves.一旦他們掌握了這些技巧，他的一些學(xué)生便會(huì)繼續(xù)下去，直到自己變得非常出名。once引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，意為“一旦……就……”。如果once引導(dǎo)的從句的主語與主句的主語一致，且從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞含有be動(dòng)詞的某種形式時(shí)，或從句為“itbe...”形式時(shí)，從句中的“主語＋be”或“itbe”可以省略。(1)Onceyouhaveheardthesong，youwillneverforgetit.一旦你聽過這首歌，你將永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記它。(2)Oncebroadcast，theTVplaywillbeverypopularwithyoungpeople.一旦開播，這部電視劇將會(huì)非常受年輕人的歡迎。[單句改錯(cuò)](3)eq\f(Unless,Once)thedamageisdone，itwilltakemanyyearsforthefarmlandtorecover.2.So，ifyouwanttotrycrosstalklessons，whynotstudywitharealoldmaster？因此，如果你想嘗試一下相聲課，為什么不跟隨一名真正的相聲大師學(xué)習(xí)呢？(1)Whynotdo...？表示提出建議，意為“何不/為什么不……呢？”，相當(dāng)于Whydon’tyoudo...?(2)Whynotdo...？與Whydo...？相似，但是前者表示提出建議，后者表示對(duì)某一做法提出質(zhì)疑或反對(duì)或表示不必，意為“為什么那樣做呢？”或“何必做……呢？”(1)Whynotmanagetoleadagreenlife?為何不設(shè)法過一種環(huán)保的生活呢？(2)Whygivehersomeflowers?為什么要給她一些花呀？[一句多譯](3)他那么聰明。你為什么不向他請(qǐng)教些建議呢？①Heissoclever.Whydon’tyouaskhimforsomeadvice?②Heissoclever.Whynotaskhimforsomeadvice？Ⅰ.單句語法填空1.Onlyafteryouhaveattained(attain)enoughbasicskillscanyouproducecreativeworksofart.2.Shecameinitially(initial)tospendafewdays，butintheendshestayedforawholemonth.3.I’mtoooldtotakeontoomuchworkinthisfactory.4.—IthasbeenalongtimesinceIsawmysister.—Whynotvisitherthisweekend?5.Onceyouget(get)familiarwithher，youwillfindherverykind.6.Undertheteacher’sinstruction(instruct)，we’vemadegreatprogress.7.Theactresswantedahattogowithherdress.8.WhatIcannotunderstandiswhyshewantstoresignherpresentjob.9.Ihavebeeninthisjoblongenough—it’stimeImovedontohaving(have)arest.10.Thearticlewilleoutassoonasitispolished(polish).Ⅱ.完成句子11.在緊急情況下保持鎮(zhèn)靜是很重要的。Itisimportanttokeepcalminanemergency.12.如果你不喜歡讀這本書，那就換另一本。Ifthebookboresyou，moveontoanother.13.為什么不來和我們一塊爬山？Whynoteandjoinusinclimbingthemountain?14.我們需要有實(shí)用技術(shù)的人。Weneedpeoplewithpracticalskills.15.一旦記住，永生不忘。Onceyourememberit，youwillneverforgetit.Ⅲ.語法填空(2018·山東濟(jì)南歷城二中高二檢測(cè))IwasattheIndiangrocerystorewithmycart16.totally(total)fulltocheckout.TherewasanAfricanAmericanmaninhissixtiesbehindme.Itoldhimhecouldgobeforemebecausehehadjusttwoitemsinhishand，andhewasallsmilesandadded，asif17.making(make)funofme，“Thanks!Whydon’tyoupayformystufftoo，”and18.laughed(laugh).Ifeltalittle19.embarrassed(embarrass)andthoughtthatthemanhadawonderfulsenseofhumor.Itoldtheladyatthecheckoutnot20.tocharge(charge)him.IsaidIwouldpayforhim.Hesaid，“No，no，no，Iwasjustkidding.”AndI21.replied(reply)withasmile，“Yes，yes，yourwishisheard.Pleaseletmedoit！”Aswetalkedoutside，hetoldmethattheIndianherbs(草藥)22.that/whichhehadboughtwereforhisfriendsoIshouldtakethemoney.Isaidtohim，“Itisgood23.thatitisnotforyou.Nowyoucanpayitforwardtosomebodyelse.”Hethankedme24.andpromisedhewould.Eventually，Iwenthomewithmycarfullofgroceriesandmyheartfullof25.warmth(warm)andkindness.英文電子郵件在內(nèi)容結(jié)構(gòu)上與普通書信一樣，但在格式上有所不同。它主要由以下幾部分組成：1.標(biāo)題欄一般情況下，開頭需要填寫的地方有To：(收件人)及subject(郵件主題)。2.稱呼語在電子郵件中，正文前的稱呼應(yīng)根據(jù)寫信人與收信人的關(guān)系而定，一般以Dear...或Mydear...開頭。3.正文正文是電子郵件的主要部分，寫作時(shí)需注意以下兩點(diǎn)：(1)首先要明確寫給誰。不同的收件人，語氣不同。寫給朋友的可用一些俚語或縮寫詞語，但正式的郵件就不能用俚語或縮寫詞語。像高考中的書面表達(dá)題，就是正規(guī)的寫作，一般不用俚語或縮寫詞語。(2)文體的特點(diǎn)是簡(jiǎn)單明了，便于閱讀，所以電子郵件大多把話題分成幾個(gè)小主題，每個(gè)小主題一段，每段一般只有一兩句話，正文由兩三個(gè)或三四個(gè)簡(jiǎn)短的段落構(gòu)成。當(dāng)然，對(duì)重點(diǎn)部分要作詳細(xì)介紹。太長(zhǎng)的內(nèi)容可以以附件的方式發(fā)出。4.結(jié)束語結(jié)束語常用敬語，表示客套和禮節(jié)，措辭應(yīng)恰當(dāng)。通常用“BestRegards！”，“BestWishes！”或使用“Haveaniceday！”，“Gooddaytoyou！”等表示美好祝愿的語句作為敬意結(jié)尾。5.署名在結(jié)束語的下面一至兩行簽上自己的名字。常用開頭語：1.Thankyoufor...2.I’mgladtoreceiveyourletterdatedon...3.I’msorrythatIcouldn’twriteearlier.4.Howareyougettingalongwithyourstudy?5.WithgreatpleasureIlearnthat...6.I’mwritingtoaskif...正文常用語：1.Couldyoueto...？/Iwouldverymuchlikeyoutojoinus.(邀請(qǐng))2.I’dliketoe，butIcan’tbecause.../I’mreallysorrytosay...(委婉拒絕)3.Inmyopinion，youshould...(回復(fù)求助)常用結(jié)束語：1.I’mlookingforwardtoreceiving...2.Allmybestwishestoyou.3.Remembermetoyourparents.4.Goodlucktoyou.5.Pleasegivemyplimentstoyourfamily.學(xué)校概況共有1800名學(xué)生，32個(gè)教學(xué)班，200名教職員工。班級(jí)情況高二(3)班：共50名學(xué)生，其中男生35名、女生15名；班主任是一位女老師，教英語，心地善良、工作嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)。學(xué)習(xí)科目語文、數(shù)學(xué)、英語為必修課，另外還有許多選修課。參考詞匯：必修課requiredcourses；選修課selectedcourses寫作步驟StepOne審題謀篇1.時(shí)態(tài)：本文應(yīng)以一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)為主。2.人稱：以第一人稱寫。3.目的：告知網(wǎng)友保羅你們學(xué)校的有關(guān)情況。StepTwo聯(lián)想詞匯1.工作努力workhard2.從……中選擇choosefrom...3.對(duì)……和藹bekindto...4.對(duì)……嚴(yán)格bestrictin...5.對(duì)工作認(rèn)真beseriousaboutone’sworkStepThree句式升級(jí)1.我們學(xué)校有1800名學(xué)生，32個(gè)教學(xué)班，有200名教職工。Thereare1,800studentsand32classesinourschool.Thereare200teachersandstaff.(簡(jiǎn)單句)Thereare1,800studentsand32classeswith200teachersandstaffinourschool.(with)2.除此之外，我們還有很多選修科目可供選擇。Besidesthese，wehavemanyselectedcourses.Wecanchoosefromthem.(簡(jiǎn)單句)Besidesthese，wehavemanyselectedcoursestochoosefrom.(不定式作后置定語)3.我的英語老師是我們的班主任，她對(duì)我們很和藹，但是對(duì)工作很嚴(yán)格、很認(rèn)真。MyEnglishteacherisourheadteacher.Sheisverykindtousbutsheisverystrictandseriousaboutherwork.(簡(jiǎn)單句)MyEnglishteacherisourheadteacher，whoisverykindtousbutisverystrictandseriousaboutherwork.(定語從句)StepFour連句成篇DearPaul，I’mwritingtotellyousomethingaboutmyschool.Thereare1,800studentsand32classeswith200teachersandstaffinourschool.Theteachersinourschoolworkhard.Chinese，mathsandEnglishareourrequiredcourses.Besidesthese，wehavemanyselectedcoursestochoosefrom，too.I’minClass3，Grade2.Therearefiftystudents—thirtyfiveboysandfifteengirlsinmyclass.MyEnglishteacherisourheadteacher，whoisverykindtousbutisverystrictandseriousaboutherwork.Weallthinkthatsheisagreatteacher.Howaboutyourschool？Pleasewritetomesoon.Yours，LiHuaⅠ.閱讀理解IfyouwanttobeeafluentEnglishspeakeryoushouldtakesomeadvice：TherearefourskillsinlearningEnglish.Theyarereading，listening，speakingandwriting.Themostimportantthingyoumustrememberisthatifyouwanttoimproveyourspeakingandwritingskillsyoushouldfirstmastertheskillsofreadingandlistening.Readasmuchasyoucan.Butyourreadingmustbeactive.Itmeansthatyoumustthinkaboutthemeaningofthesentence，themeaningoftheunfamiliarwords，etc.Thereisnoneedforyoutopaymuchattentiontogrammarsortrytounderstandalltheunfamiliarwordsyoueacross，butthefactthatyouseethemforthefirsttimeandrecognizethemwheneveryouseethem，forexampleinotherpassagesorbooks，isenough.Itwouldbebettertoprepareyourselfanotebooksoyoucanwritedowntheimportantwordsorsentencesinit.Asforlistening，therearetwochoices：besidesreading，youcanlisteneverydayforabout30minutes.Youcanonlypayattentiontoyourreadingandbeeskillfulatyourreading，thenyoucancatchuponyourlistening.Sinceyouhavelotsofinputsinyourmind，youcaneasilyguesswhatthespeakerisgoingtosay.Thisnevermeansthatyoushouldnotpracticelistening.Forlisteningyoucanlistentocartoonsorsomemoviesthatarespeciallymadeforchildren.Theirlanguagesareeasy.OrifyouaregoodatlisteningyoucanlistentoVOAorBBCprogramseveryday.Againthethingtorememberisbeingactiveinlisteningandpreferablytakingsomenotes.Ifyoufollowthesepiecesofadvice，yourspeakingandwritingwillimproveautomatically，andyoucanbesurethatwithalittleefforttheywillbeeperfect.eq\x(語篇解讀本文是關(guān)于如何提高英語聽說讀寫的能力的建議。)1.Accordingtotheauthor，whichshouldyouimprovefirstamongthefourskills?A.Readingandlistening.B.Readingandwriting.C.Writingandspeaking.D.Speakingandlistening.答案A解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句可知，作者認(rèn)為要想提高說和寫的能力，首先要掌握讀和聽的技能。2.Toimproveyourreading，whenyoureadyoushould.A.lookupallthenewwordsinthedictionaryB.thinkaboutwhatyouarereadingactivelyC.spendmoretimestudyinggrammarsD.copyasmanywordsandsentencesaspossible答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二、三句可知，在閱讀的過程中要積極思考。3.Thepassageismainlyabouthowto.A.choosesuitablelisteningmaterialsB.dealwithnewwordsinreadingC.improveyourEnglishasquicklyaspossibleD.beefluentinspeakingandwritingEnglish答案D解析主旨大意題。文章第一句話便點(diǎn)明主題，接著用大量篇幅闡述了如何通過提高閱讀和聽力技能，從而帶動(dòng)說和寫的技能，成為afluentEnglishspeaker。Ⅱ.完形填空(2017·山西康杰中學(xué)高二檢測(cè))IrememberbelievinginSantawhenIwasaveryyounggirl.However，asIgrewolder，Ilearnedmany4that“proved”hisnonexistence.Always5bynature，Iwasdeterminedtouse6todecidewhetherSantaClauswas7.Thefirsttest8whenIwas5.IdecidedthatifI9allnightonChristmasEve，IcouldseeifSantareallycamedownthechimney.10，thatwasauseless11.Ifellasleepthatyear，andwhenIwokeup，Isawa12wrappedpresentunderthe13.Attheageof7，IcameupwithanothertesttoseeifSantawasreal.Thatyear，Ididn’tsendoutmyChristmaslettertoSantabecauseIwanted14forChristmas，butthisturnedintoaplot.Bythen，I15knewSantawasn’treal，butIwantedenough16tosupportthis.Thatyearwas17，becauseonChristmasEve，mymotherdraggedmetoourlocalWalMartandledmearoundthetoysection.I18tosayaword，butdidletmyeyes19onaballetset.I20that“Santa”wouldn’tknowwhatIwantedbecauseheshouldn’tbeabletoreadmy21.However，mymotherwouldknoweverythingthatcaughtmyeyesinthestore.IfIgottheballetsetthenextmorning，Iwouldhavemyevidence.OnChristmasmorning，therewastheballetset，sittingunderthetreeagain.22Ididn’tuseitmuch，mymotherendedupreturningitafewdayslater.She23Santawasgenerousenoughtoleaveareceipt.ThatwastheendtomytasktodiscovertheexistenceofSanta.eq\x(語篇解讀本文介紹了作者小時(shí)候?yàn)榱蓑?yàn)證圣誕老人是不存在的而做的一些測(cè)試。)4.A.theories B.factsC.situations D.choices答案B解析隨著我慢慢長(zhǎng)大，我了解到更多的事實(shí)，證明圣誕老人是不存在的。fact事實(shí)。故選B。5.A.cautious B.typicalC.curious D.desperate答案C解析生性好奇，我決定做些測(cè)試，來看看圣誕老人是否是真的。curious好奇的。故選C。6.A.data B.examsC.tricks D.tests答案D解析下文“ThefirsttestwhenIwas5.”一句中有提示，故選D。7.A.real B.wiseC.merciful D.generous答案A解析第三段中的“IcameupwithanothertesttoseeifSantawasreal”有提示。real真實(shí)的.故選A。8.A.worked B.happenedC.succeeded D.failed答案B解析happen發(fā)生。第一個(gè)測(cè)試發(fā)生在我5歲的時(shí)候?？芍xB。9.A.calledup B.keptupC.stayedup D.madeup答案C解析我決定熬夜，這樣就能看到圣誕老人是否會(huì)順著煙囪下來。stayup熬夜。故選C。10.A.Instead B.OtherwiseC.Therefore D.However答案D解析由下文“Ifellasleepthatyear，andwhenIwokeup，Isawawrappedpresentunderthe.”可知，那是一個(gè)無用的嘗試。上下文之間為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故選however“然而”。11.A.attempt B.suggestionC.effect D.struggle答案A解析參考上題解析。attempt嘗試。故選A。12.A.roughly B.clearlyC.beautifully D.tidily答案C解析醒來的時(shí)候，我看到包裝精美的禮物……。beautifully美麗地。故選C。13.A.bed B.treeC.chimney D.table答案B解析由下文的“...sittingunderthetreeagain.”可知，禮物應(yīng)該是放在了圣誕樹下。故選B。14.A.everything B.nothingC.anything D.something答案B解析那年我沒有給圣誕老人寫信，因?yàn)槲沂裁炊疾幌胍othing什么也沒有。故選B。15.A.hardly B.neverC.already D.usually答案C解析當(dāng)時(shí)我已經(jīng)知道圣誕老人不是真的了。already已經(jīng)。故選C。16.A.evidence B.intentionC.idea D.experience答案A解析但是我想要足夠多的證據(jù)來支撐我的看法。evidence證據(jù)。故選A。17.A.amazing B.strangeC.interesting D.annoying答案C解析那年的圣誕節(jié)很有趣。interesting有趣的。故選C。18.A.hated B.triedC.hesitated D.refused答案D解析我拒絕說話，眼睛卻盯著芭蕾舞裝。refusetodo拒絕做某事。故選D。19.A.focus B.tryC.put D.call答案A解析但是確實(shí)讓我的眼睛聚焦在一套芭蕾裝上。focuson聚焦于。故選A。20.A.hoped B.explainedC.argued D.figured答案D解析我料想圣誕老人不會(huì)知道我要什么，因?yàn)樗x不懂我的心思。figure料想。故選D。21.A.purpose B.opinionC.mind D.eyes答案C解析參考上題解析。readone’smind讀懂某人的心思。故選C。22.A.As B.IfC.Although D.Assoonas答案A解析因?yàn)槲也淮笥?，所以母親幾天后把衣服退回去了。as由于。故選A。23.A.admitted B.promisedC.thought D.said答案D解析她說圣誕老人很慷慨，留下了收據(jù)。故選D。Ⅲ.短文改錯(cuò)(2017·江西南昌三中高二檢測(cè))Severaldaysbefore，Iwasoutwithmyfriendsatalocalfastfoodrestaurant.Thefoodweatewasgoodbutwehadfuntogether.Beforeweleftfortherestaurant，wefoundthatitalsosoldicecream.Wegotexcitingbecausewehadn’teatenicecreamforalongtime.Oneofmyfrienddecidedtobuyallofusicecreamandintherestaurant，theyallscreamedwithjoy！Thenthemancameinwithhisson，whowantedtobuyice