2022-2023學(xué)年河北省保定市六校聯(lián)盟高一下學(xué)期期中聯(lián)考英語試題（解析版）

高中英語名校試卷PAGEPAGE1河北省保定市六校聯(lián)盟2022-2023學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期中聯(lián)考英語試卷第一部分：聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.〖答案〗是C。1.Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodo?A.Lendhimatennisball.B.Havelunchtogether.C.Playtennisafterschool.2.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Acompany.B.Apieceofnews.C.Anaccident.3.Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Inabookstore.B.Inalibrary.C.Inagym.4.Whatdoesthewomansuggestdoing?A.Buyinganewchair.B.Fixingthebrokenchair.C.Replacingthebrokenchair.5.WhathappenedtoAnna?A.Shegotherclothesdirty.B.Shedroppedhercoffee.C.Shefellonthecarpet,第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Wherewillthespeakersgothisweekend?A.Toacinema.B.Toapark.C.Tothebeach.7.Howmuchwillthespeakersprobablyspend?A.￡8.B.￡24.C.￡40.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Attendaclass.B.Checkadatabase.C.Buyabook.9.Whichmethodofpaymentisunacceptable?A.Thecreditcard.B.Thecash.C.Thecheck.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.WhatisSam’sopinionontheconcert?A.Itiscrowded.B.Itisexcellent.C.Itislon11.WhatdoesStacyplantodointhesummer?A.Seeaband.B.Designalogo.C.Goonatour.12.WhatwillSamgiveStacy?A.A.T-shirt.B.Aticket.C.ACD.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.HowlongdidthewomanstudyGerman?A.Oneyear.B.threeyears.C.Fouryears.14.Whatdoesthearticlesayaboutpeoplegoingabroad?A.Theypracticetheforeignlanguagesinadvance.B.Theyuseforeignlanguagestheystudiedatschool.C.Theyprefertogotocountrieswithoutlanguageproblems.15.Whatlanguageisthemostpopularamongstudents?A.Italian.B.French.C.Spanish.16.WhatwillschoolsdowiththestateoflanguagelearningintheUK?A.Offerforeignlanguageclassesinprimaryschools.B.Encouragestudentstopracticeforeignlanguages.C.Askparentstohelptheirchildrenlearnlanguages.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatisthespeaker?A.Adoctor.B.Acoach.C.Ahostess.18.WhatdidEricNerhusdowhenhewasindanger?A.Hestuckhisfingersintotheshark’seye.B.Heknockedtheshark’sbody.C.Hehittheshark’smouth.19.HowdidEricNerhusgettothehospital?A.Byboat.B.Bycar.C.Byhelicopter.20.WhatdoesthespeakerthinkofEricNerhus?A.Heisbrave.B.Heislucky.C.Heisstrong.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATheMostExtremeTravelAdventuresinTheWorldThedriestplaceonEarth:AtacamaDesert,ChileYou’lldefinitelyneedtherightkindofsunscreenifyouplanontravelingthroughthisdesert.FromOctober1903toJanuary1918,theAtacamaDesertdidnotseesomuchasonedropofrain,makingitthelongestrainlessperiodintheworld’srecordedhistory.Lesslypopulated,theAtacamaDeserthasseveralhotelstochoosefromthatcatertotouristswhocometoexploretheland.ThehottestplaceonEarth:LutDesert,IranHere,temperaturessoarashighas158degreesF,soit’simportanttohaveagameplanforstayingcoolandknowthesignsofheatstrokeincaseyoudevelopsymptoms.Accordingtoalocallegend,thenameDasht-eLutmeans“toastedwheat”inPersian,referencingastoryaboutaloadofwheatthatburstintoflamesafterbeingaccidentallyleftoutinthedesertforafewdays.Thoughtouristsvisitthisdesertland,it’sadestinationonlyforthosewillingtotakeonthechallengeofsurvivingtheheatandtheunbearablydryclimate.Theclosestplacetoouterspace:MountChimborazo,EcuadorAninactivevolcanothatlasteruptedinapproximately550AD,MountChimborazostandsatover20,000feethigh.WhileMountEverestisover29,000feettall,duetothepositionofthemountainontheearth’ssurface,thepeakofMountChimborazoisthefurthestspotfromthecenteroftheearth.Thatalsomeansthatstandingonitwillputyouclosesttoouterspacethanmancaneverreachonfoot.ThemostisolatedplaceonEarth:TristandaCunha,UnitedKingdomLookingforagetawayfromtheeveryday?Forgetthesepopularislandgetaways;thisisaboutasfarawayfromitasyoucanget.DiscoveredbyPortugueseexplorerTristaodaCunhain1506,theislandishometofewerthan300inhabitantsandhasnoairport;TristandaCunhaisaccessibleonlybysea.1.WhichofthefollowingsisamustduringyourvisittotheAtacamaDesert?A.Bookasuitablehotel.B.HaveabasicknowledgeofMartiansoil.C.Haveagameplanforstayingcool.D.Buyasuitablesunscreen.2.Whichplacebestsuitspeoplewhohaveahightolerancetohightemperature?A.TheAtacamaDesert.B.TheLutDesert.C.MountChimborazo.D.TristandaCunha.3.HowcanonegettoTristandaCunha?A.Byplane. B.Byboat.C.Bytrain. D.Bycar.〖答案〗1.D2.B3.B〖解析〗【導(dǎo)語】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了4個(gè)世界上最極端的旅行冒險(xiǎn)經(jīng)歷：地球上最干燥的地方；最熱的地方；最接近外太空的地方和最偏僻的地方。【1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ThedriestplaceonEarth:AtacamaDesert,Chile部分的“You’lldefinitelyneedtherightkindofsunscreenifyouplanontravelingthroughthisdesert.(如果你打算穿越這片沙漠，你肯定需要合適的防曬霜)”可知，在你去阿塔卡馬沙漠的時(shí)候，防曬霜是必需品。故選D。【2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ThehottestplaceonEarth:LutDesert,Iran部分的“Here,temperaturessoarashighas158degreesF,soit’simportanttohaveagameplanforstayingcoolandknowthesignsofheatstrokeincaseyoudevelopsymptoms.(這里的氣溫高達(dá)華氏158度，所以有一個(gè)保持涼爽的計(jì)劃很重要，如果你出現(xiàn)癥狀，知道中暑的跡象很重要)”可知，伊朗的魯特沙漠非常熱，因此這里適合耐高溫的人們。故選B?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ThemostisolatedplaceonEarth:TristandaCunha,UnitedKingdom部分的“DiscoveredbyPortugueseexplorerTristaodaCunhain1506,theislandishometofewerthan300inhabitantsandhasnoairport;TristandaCunhaisaccessibleonlybysea.(1506年，葡萄牙探險(xiǎn)家特里斯托·達(dá)·庫尼亞發(fā)現(xiàn)了該島，島上居民不到300人，沒有機(jī)場；特里斯坦達(dá)庫尼亞只能通過海路到達(dá))”可知，要去這里需要乘船。故選B。BDuringmytriptoEurope,IhadtheopportunitytovisitStonehenge,whichisconsideredoneofthemostfamousprehistoricsitesintheworld.AsIapproachedthearea,itbecamecleartomethatitwasacircleofhugestones.Thestoneswerehuge.Ourtourguidesaidthatthesquarestonesweighnearlyfivetonseach,standeighteenfeethigh,andarethreefeetthick.Itwasamazingtoseethemupclose.SomethingthatIreallyaskedmyselfwashowtheancientpeoplecouldhavebeenwiseenoughtoarrangethestonesasuprightpillars(柱子),thenconnectthestonesoverhead,andplacethemaltogethertoformacircle.Itwasagreatfeelingtoadmirethemagnificentstonesupclose.Itriedtoimaginethefiguresoftheancientpeoplemovingtheheavystones,butitwashardtoimaginehowtheycouldachievesuchincrediblework.AsIadmiredthestonesupclose,Ialmostimaginedmyselfbackintime,standingthere,watchingthepeoplemovethestones.Itwasreallystrange.AsIwalkedaroundthestones,Inoticedhowsegregatedtheywere:therewasnothingelsestandingaroundthem,nocommunityoranything.Weretheyalsodisconnectedinancienttimes?Ifso,whyhadtheancientpeopleconstructedthemthatway?Andwhydidtheyplacethemfarawayfromanycommunity?IfonlyIcouldreallytravelbackintimeandfindout!Mythoughtswereinterruptedbyourtourguide’svoice.Hewasexplainingthatnobodyknewabouttheexactoriginofthestones,butmostscientistsagreedthatitdatesfromthetimeoftheDruids,thefirstpeopleinEngland.HesaidthatthereweremanydifferenttheoriesaboutwhyStonehengewascreated.SomepeoplebelievethatStonehengewasanastronomicalcalendarbecauseitwasbuiltinacirculardesign;theythinkitmightrepresentthepassingoftime.Ileftthatawesomeplacewiththefeelingthatmanypeoplehadbeenherebeforeme,eachwithadifferentunderstandingoftheplace,eachwonderingaboutsomethinggreatandunknownthattookplacetherealongtimeagointhepast.Itwasanunforgettableexperience.4.Whatdidtheauthorwanttoknowwhenhelookedatthestone?A.Howtheancientpeopleliftedthestones.B.Howmucheachstoneweighed.C.Whythestoneswerearrangedinthatway.D.Whytheancientpeopleusedsuchhugestones.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“segregated”inparagraph4means?A.special B.separatedC.creative D.ancient6.Whatdoweknowaboutthestonesfromthetext?A.ThesestonesoriginatedfromthetimeoftheDruids.B.Stonehengemayhavebeenbuiltassomekindofreligiousstructure.C.Thearrangementofthesestonesisnaturallyformed.D.Thecirculardesignofthesestonesmaybeasymboloftimepassing.7.Wheredoesthetextprobablycomefrom?A.Anofficialreport.B.Ahistorypaper.C.Ageographytextbook.D.Aculturaljournal.〖答案〗4.C5.B6.D7.D〖解析〗【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述的是作者去歐洲旅行，有機(jī)會看到了世界上最著名的史遺址——巨石陣以及講述了作者對這一歷史遺址的一些疑問和有關(guān)這一歷史遺址來源的一些理論。【4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“SomethingthatIreallyaskedmyselfwashowtheancientpeoplecouldhavebeenwiseenoughtoarrangethestonesasuprightpillars(柱子),thenconnectthestonesoverhead,andplacethemaltogethertoformacircle.(我真正想問自己的是，古人是如何聰明到把石頭排成直立的柱子，然后把石頭連接在頭頂上，并把它們放在一起形成一個(gè)圓圈的。)”可知，作者好奇為什么古代人要把石頭安排成直立的柱子，然后將石頭連起來，并把它們弄成一個(gè)圈呢，由此可知，作者想知道的是為什么那樣安排這些巨石。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第四段中劃線單詞冒號后的“therewasnothingelsestandingaroundthem,nocommunityoranything.Weretheyalsodisconnectedinancienttimes?Ifso,whyhadtheancientpeopleconstructedthemthatway?Andwhydidtheyplacethemfarawayfromanycommunity?(周圍什么也沒有，沒有社區(qū)什么的。它們在古代也不相連嗎？如果是這樣，為什么古人要這樣建造它們呢？為什么他們把他們安置在遠(yuǎn)離社區(qū)的地方？)”可知，此處是對劃線單詞的解釋說明，講述的是巨石的周圍什么都沒有，作者好奇為什么把它建在一個(gè)離社區(qū)很遠(yuǎn)的地方，即將它與社區(qū)分離，由此可知，該單詞的意思是“分離”。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“HesaidthatthereweremanydifferenttheoriesaboutwhyStonehengewascreated.SomepeoplebelievethatStonehengewasanastronomicalcalendarbecauseitwasbuiltinacirculardesign;theythinkitmightrepresentthepassingoftime.(他說，關(guān)于巨石陣的形成原因有很多不同的理論。有些人認(rèn)為巨石陣是一種天文歷法，因?yàn)樗且詧A形設(shè)計(jì)建造的；他們認(rèn)為這可能代表著時(shí)間的流逝。)”可知，對巨石的理論說法有很多，有人認(rèn)為這是一種天文歷法，被設(shè)計(jì)成原形代表著時(shí)間的流逝。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)首段中的“DuringmytriptoEurope,IhadtheopportunitytovisitStonehenge,whichisconsideredoneofthemostfamousprehistoricsitesintheworld.(在我的歐洲之行中，我有機(jī)會參觀了巨石陣，它被認(rèn)為是世界上最著名的史前遺址之一。)”可知，作者去歐洲有幸游歷了世界最著名的史前遺址——巨石陣，進(jìn)而講述了作者對這一歷史遺址的一些疑問和有關(guān)這一歷史遺址來源的一些理論，這與文化有關(guān)，由此可知，此處本文應(yīng)出自于文化期刊。故選D項(xiàng)。CMiloisarescuedog,adoptedby20-year-oldMakaylaSwift.ButMiloisalsoarescuer.OnemorninginNovember2021,SwiftopenedherfrontdoorinSilverSpring,Maryland,andMilotookoffrunning.Milorantothehouseacrossthestreet.Heseemedunsatisfiedwiththishouse,soherantotheonenextdoor,Swiftonhistail.“Hestartedscratchingonthefrontdoor,”Swiftsays.“I’mthinking,‘Whyishereallytryingtobreakintoherhouse?’”Shewasembarrassed.Noteveryonewantsastrangedogintheirhouse.ButasshetriedtodragMiloaway,shecouldhearasoundcomingthroughanopenupstairswindow.Itwasavoiceyelling“Help!”Hoursearlier,around4a.m.,SherryStarrhadrisenfromherbed.“Allofasudden,standingtherebetweenthetoiletandthetub,Islipped,”shesays.“Iwentdown-hard-onthetilefloor.”Starris85.Shewasstuck.“Icouldnotmoveatall,”saysStarr,whowasjammedbetweenthetoiletandthetub.Starrwasscared.“I’mthinking:I’mjustgoingtodiehere,”shesays.Herbestbet,shedecided,wastolistenforthelettercarrierintheafternoonandscreamlikethedickens.Forthenextfewhours,Starrpracticedyelling:“Help!Help!Help!”“Hervoicewasveryfaint,”saysSwift.“YouhadtoberightatthefrontdoortohearMrs.Starryellforhelp.”UnlessyouwereMilo,whoapparentlyheardStarrthemomentSwiftopenedherownfrontdoor.Swiftcalled911.Paramedics(護(hù)理人員)thoughtthey’dhavetoremovethetoilettorescueStarr,buttheygaveonelastpullandoutshepopped.Thoughbruisedandbattered,Starrdeclinedatriptothehospital.Swifthasknownhershareofdistress(痛苦).Twoyearsago,hermotherdied.ShesaysMilohashelpedherwithhergrief.“Thatdogisablessing,”shesays.8.WhydidMilostartrunningwhenSwiftopenedherfrontdoor?A.Hewantedsomefreshair.B.Hewasinsearchoffood.C.Heheardasoundfromthenearbyhouse.D.Heseemedunsatisfiedwiththeneighbour.9.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesStarrwhenshewasstuck?A.terrified B.confidentC.doubtful D.disappointed10.WhatledtotherescueofStarr?A.Swift’skindness.B.Milo’ssharphearing.C.Thelettercarrier’shelp.D.Paramedics’medicaltreatment.11.WhatdoweknowaboutMilofromthetext?A.Miloisarescuedog,adoptedbySherryStarr.B.Milowasstuckbetweenthetoiletandthetub.C.Miloopenedthefrontdoorandtookoffrunning.D.MiloisablessingaccordingtoMakaylaSwift.〖答案〗8.C9.A10.B11.D〖解析〗【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。85歲的斯塔爾早上起來后摔倒了，她被困在馬桶和浴缸之間，她開始呼救，但聲音很弱，多虧斯威夫特收養(yǎng)的一只救援犬——麥洛，它依靠敏銳的聽覺聽到了從斯塔爾房子傳來的聲音后，跑向斯塔爾的房子，斯塔爾才得救。【8題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的句子“Shewasembarrassed.Noteveryonewantsastrangedogintheirhouse.ButasshetriedtodragMiloaway,shecouldhearasoundcomingthroughanopenupstairswindow.Itwasavoiceyelling‘Help!’（她感到很尷尬。不是每個(gè)人都想讓一只陌生的狗出現(xiàn)在自己家里。但當(dāng)她試圖把米洛拖走時(shí)，她聽到樓上一扇開著的窗戶里傳來了聲音。一個(gè)聲音在喊：‘救命！’）”和倒數(shù)第三段“UnlessyouwereMilo,whoapparentlyheardStarrthemomentSwiftopenedherownfrontdoor.（除非你是麥洛，在斯威夫特打開自家大門的那一刻，它顯然聽到了斯塔爾的聲音）”可知，斯威夫特打開大門的一刻，麥洛開始跑是因?yàn)樗牭綇难├颉に顾柕姆孔永飩鱽淼穆曇?。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段“‘Icouldnotmoveatall,’saysStarr,whowasjammedbetweenthetoiletandthetub.Starrwasscared.‘I’mthinking:I’mjustgoingtodiehere,’shesays.（‘我根本動不了，’斯塔爾說，她被擠在馬桶和浴缸之間。斯塔爾很害怕。‘我在想：我要死在這里了，’她說）”可知，斯塔爾當(dāng)時(shí)很害怕。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“UnlessyouwereMilo,whoapparentlyheardStarrthemomentSwiftopenedherownfrontdoor.（除非你是麥洛，在斯威夫特打開自家大門的那一刻，他顯然聽到了斯塔爾的聲音）”可以推論出，是麥洛的敏銳的聽覺救了斯塔爾。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的句子“Twoyearsago,hermotherdied.ShesaysMilohashelpedherwithhergrief.‘Thatdogisablessing,’shesays.（兩年前，她的母親去世了。她說米洛幫助她度過了悲傷?！侵还氛媸莻€(gè)福氣，’她說）”可知，對斯威夫特來說，麥洛是個(gè)福氣。故選D項(xiàng)。DOverthepastfewyears,China’saerospaceindustryhaswitnessedmanylandmarkevents.Apartfromcelebratingthesescientificachievements,thepublichasalsodevelopedagrowinginterestinthemissions’uniquenames,ofwhichmanyarederivedfromChina’smythsandlegends.China’sspacecraftarecalledShenzhou.Thisliterallymeans“heavenlyship”inChinese,andisalsoahomonymfortheChinesewords“divineland”,whichisatermusedinliteraryworkstorefertothecountry.China’smoonexplorationprojectanditslunarprobe(月球探測器)arebothnamedafteraChinesegoddessofthemoon,Chang’e.In2013,theChang’e-3lunarprobelandedonthemoonandwascarriedaroundbyalunarrover(月球車)calledYutu.Thetwonamesperfectlymatchthelegendofthemoonfairyandherpet.Inanotherexample,therelaysatellitefortheChang’e-4moonexplorationmissioniscalledQueqiao,or“magpiebridge”.Themagpiebridge,inaChinesefolktale,wasformedbymillionsofmagpies,sothataseparatedcouplecouldmeeteachotherdespitetheMilkyWay.Likewise,theQueqiaorelaysatelliteservesasa“space-bridge”forcommunicationbetweenthemoonandtheearth.Chinesepeople’seagernessfortheuniversedatedbacktoancienttimes,someeventriedtoexplore.Luban,agreatinventorlivingintheEasternZhouDynasty,madeaflyingwoodbird.Otherscreatedmanymythsandlegends,suchas“KuafuChasestheSun”,toexplainphenomenathattheycouldnotexplain.ThesetraditionalstorieshavebecomethesourceofinspirationforChinesescientistsinthenamingofmajorspacemissions.ThefamousspacecraftandroversbuiltbytheUnitedStatesincludetheChallenger,theOpportunityandtheSpirit,whosenamesreflectapositiveandenterprisingspirit.ThisisquiteunlikehowtheChinesenametheirspacecraft,whichreflectstheChinesepeople’ssenseofromanceandaweforspaceaswellastheireffortstopassdowntraditionalcultureandtheirancestors’spiritofscientificdiscovery.Nevertheless,allthesenames,Chineseorforeign,showcasethedreamsofhumankindandourcollectivepursuittodiscoverthesecretsofspace.WhenApollo11preparedtolandonthemoon,thecontrolcenteronearthtoldtheastronautsonboardto“watchforalovelygirlwithabigrabbit”,whichreferstoChang’eandherrabbitYutu.WiththerapidprogressofChina’saerospaceindustry,moreandmoreChinesestoriesembodyingChineseromanticismwillbeshowntotheworld.12.Howisparagraph2developed?A.Bymakingcomparisons.B.Bydescribingprocesses.C.Bygivingexamples.D.Byanalyzingcauses.13.Whytherelaysatellitewasnamed“Queqiao”?A.Becausethisnamecandrawpublicattention.B.BecausethisnamecomesfromaChinesefolktale.C.BecausethisnamereflectsChineseromanticism.D.Becausethisnameindicatesthefunctionoftherelaysatellite.14.Whatcanweinferfromthelastthreeparagraphs?A.TheancientChineseexploredthespacetocreatemythsandlegends.B.Somespacesmissions’namesareoriginatedfromtraditionalstories.C.ChinaandtheUSnametheirspacecraftdifferentlybecauseofdifferentpursuits.D.China’saerospaceindustryhaschangedtheworld.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.SpaceMissions’Names.B.HowtonameSpaceMissions?C.SpaceMissions’NamesEmbodyChineseRomanticism.D.ChineseMythsandLegends.〖答案〗12.C13.D14.B15.C〖解析〗【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了中國航空航天業(yè)見證了許多具有里程碑意義的事件，這些任務(wù)獨(dú)特的名字很多事來自于中國的神話與浪漫傳說?！?2題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Inanotherexample,therelaysatellitefortheChang’e-4moonexplorationmissioniscalledQueqiao,or“magpiebridge”.Themagpiebridge,inaChinesefolktale,wasformedbymillionsofmagpies,sothataseparatedcouplecouldmeeteachotherdespitetheMilkyWay.(在另一個(gè)例子中，嫦娥四號月球探測任務(wù)的中繼衛(wèi)星被稱為“鵲橋”。在中國民間傳說中，鵲橋是由數(shù)百萬只喜鵲組成的，這樣，分開的情侶就可以在銀河系外重逢了。)”可知，該段列舉了多個(gè)與中國神話相關(guān)的航空航天任務(wù)的名稱，所以本段是用舉例子的方式展開的。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Themagpiebridge,inaChinesefolktale,wasformedbymillionsofmagpies,sothataseparatedcouplecouldmeeteachotherdespitetheMilkyWay.Likewise,theQueqiaorelaysatelliteservesasa“space-bridge”forcommunicationbetweenthemoonandtheearth.(在中國民間傳說中，鵲橋是由數(shù)百萬只喜鵲組成的，這樣，分開的情侶就可以在銀河系外重逢了。同樣，鵲橋中繼衛(wèi)星充當(dāng)了月球和地球之間通信的“太空橋梁”。)”可知，“鵲橋”可以使一對分離的夫妻在銀河相聚，而“鵲橋”中繼衛(wèi)星的充當(dāng)?shù)氖窃虑蚝偷厍蛲ㄐ诺摹疤諛蛄骸?，由此可知，二者的功能相似，所以中繼衛(wèi)星命名為“鵲橋”是因?yàn)檫@個(gè)名詞暗示了中繼衛(wèi)星的功能。故選D項(xiàng)。【14題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中的“ThesetraditionalstorieshavebecomethesourceofinspirationforChinesescientistsinthenamingofmajorspacemissions.(這些傳統(tǒng)故事已經(jīng)成為中國科學(xué)家命名重大太空任務(wù)的靈感來源。)”和倒數(shù)第二段中的“ThisisquiteunlikehowtheChinesenametheirspacecraft,whichreflectstheChinesepeople’ssenseofromanceandaweforspaceaswellastheireffortstopassdowntraditionalcultureandtheirancestors’spiritofscientificdiscovery.(這與中國人如何命名他們的航天器完全不同，這反映了中國人對太空的浪漫和敬畏感，以及他們傳承傳統(tǒng)文化和祖先科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)精神的努力。)”以及最后一段中的“WiththerapidprogressofChina’saerospaceindustry,moreandmoreChinesestoriesembodyingChineseromanticismwillbeshowntotheworld.(隨著中國航天事業(yè)的飛速發(fā)展，將有越來越多體現(xiàn)中國浪漫主義的中國故事向世界展示。)”可知，在后三段中都提到了中國航空航天也任務(wù)的名字與中國的神話和浪漫的中國故事相關(guān)，由此后三段可推斷出一些太空任務(wù)的名稱來源于傳統(tǒng)故事。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)首段中的“Apartfromcelebratingthesescientificachievements,thepublichasalsodevelopedagrowinginterestinthemissions’uniquenames,ofwhichmanyarederivedfromChina’smythsandlegends.(除了慶祝這些科學(xué)成就，公眾也對這些任務(wù)的獨(dú)特名字產(chǎn)生了越來越大的興趣，其中許多名字來自中國的神話和傳說。)”以及尾段中的“WiththerapidprogressofChina’saerospaceindustry,moreandmoreChinesestoriesembodyingChineseromanticismwillbeshowntotheworld.(隨著中國航天事業(yè)的飛速發(fā)展，將有越來越多體現(xiàn)中國浪漫主義的中國故事向世界展示。)”以及全文中列舉的中國航天任務(wù)的名稱可知，本文主要講述的是中國航天任務(wù)名字與中國的神話傳說以及浪漫的故事有關(guān)，所以本文的題目為“太空任務(wù)的名稱體現(xiàn)了中國的浪漫主義”體現(xiàn)了文章講述的主題，概括了全文的內(nèi)容，符合題目的要求。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。其中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。ThetraditionalChinesesolarcalendardividestheyearinto24solarterms.StartofWinter,(立冬),the19thsolartermoftheyear,meanswinteriscomingandcropsharvestedinautumnshouldbestoredup.____16____EatingdumplingsAlegendhasitthatattheendoftheEasternHanDynasty,“MedicalSaint”ZhangZhongjingsavedmanypeopleinHenanprovincearoundStartofWinter.Hecookedmutton,hotpeppersandherbstodriveawaythecoldandincreasebodyheat.Hewrappedtheseingredientsintoadoughskinandmadethemintoanearshape,whichbecameknownas“dumpling”.____17____“Nourishingthewinter”(補(bǔ)冬)OnthefirstdayofStartofWinter,thereisacustom,“nourishingthewinter”,inSoutheastChina.____18____,peoplethereliketoeathigh-caloriefoodsuchaschicken,beef,mutton,andfish,whichareusuallystewed(燉)withChinesemedicinestostrengthentheeffectivenessofthenourishment.EatingChinesepumpkinsInTianjin,onthefirstdayofStartofWinter,peopleeatdumplingsstuffedwithChinesepumpkins(wogua).____19____.Generally,thepumpkinsareboughtinthesummerandstoreduntiltheStartofWinter.EatingtuanziOnthefirstdayofStartofWinter,somepeopleofSouthernChinahaveacustomofeatingtuanzi,akindoftraditionalChinesefoodmadewithrice.____20____Andthetuanzimadebythenewly-harvestedcropstastesdelicious.A.TopreparefortheoncomingcoldwinterB.Atthistime,theautumngraincropshavejustbeensoldonthemarketC.TocelebrateStartofWinterD.MostruralresidentsmaketuanzibythemselvesE.HerearethingsyoushouldknowaboutStartofWinterF.ItisacommonvegetableinNorthChinaG.Sincethen,peoplehavelearnedtomakethefood,andthecustomwaspassedontotoday〖答案〗16.E17.G18.A19.F20.B〖解析〗【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹的是中國24節(jié)氣之一——立冬的相關(guān)風(fēng)俗。【16題詳析】分析語篇結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此空處應(yīng)為引出下文，根據(jù)空前的“StartofWinter,(立冬),the19thsolartermoftheyear,meanswinteriscomingandcropsharvestedinautumnshouldbestoredup.(立冬是一年中的第19個(gè)節(jié)氣，意味著冬天來了，秋天收獲的莊稼應(yīng)該儲存起來。)”可知，本文講述的與立冬相關(guān)，下文中介紹了四個(gè)與立冬相關(guān)的風(fēng)俗，E選項(xiàng)“HerearethingsyoushouldknowaboutStartofWinter(以下是關(guān)于立冬你應(yīng)該知道的事情)”引出了下文中與立冬相關(guān)的風(fēng)俗，符合題意。故選E項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)主題句“Eatingdumplings”可知，該部分講述的與立冬吃餃子的風(fēng)俗相關(guān)，根據(jù)空前“Hewrappedtheseingredientsintoadoughskinandmadethemintoanearshape,whichbecameknownas“dumpling”.(他把這些食材包在面皮里，做成了耳朵的形狀，這就是后來的“餃子”。)”可知，此處講述了餃子的由來，G選項(xiàng)“Sincethen,peoplehavelearnedtomakethefood,andthecustomwaspassedontotoday(他把這些食材包在面皮里，做成了耳朵的形狀，這就是后來的“餃子”。)”對立冬吃餃子的由來進(jìn)行總結(jié)，其中的thefood指的是空前的“dumpling”。故選G項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處只能是非謂語動詞短語或者是帶有連詞的句子，根據(jù)主題““Nourishingthewinter”(補(bǔ)冬)”可知，本段講述的是立冬“進(jìn)補(bǔ)”相關(guān)，A選項(xiàng)“Topreparefortheoncomingcoldwinter(為即將到來的寒冷冬天做準(zhǔn)備)”講述的內(nèi)容是為入冬做準(zhǔn)備，與主題“進(jìn)補(bǔ)”相關(guān)，且句式結(jié)構(gòu)符合句子構(gòu)成。故選A項(xiàng)。【19題詳析】根據(jù)空前的“InTianjin,onthefirstdayofStartofWinter,peopleeatdumplingsstuffedwithChinesepumpkins(wogua).(在天津，在立冬的第一天，人們吃倭瓜餡的餃子。)”可知，此處指的是立冬時(shí)吃倭瓜餡的餃子，根據(jù)空后“Generally,thepumpkinsareboughtinthesummerandstoreduntiltheStartofWinter.(一般來說，倭瓜在夏天購買并儲存到冬天開始。)”可知，倭瓜在夏季購買儲存到立冬，可推斷，此空處是在講述倭瓜這種蔬菜的情況，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“ItisacommonvegetableinNorthChina(倭瓜是華北地區(qū)常見的蔬菜)”是對“倭瓜”的介紹，內(nèi)容與上下文吻合。故選F項(xiàng)。【20題詳析】根據(jù)空后的“Andthetuanzimadebythenewly-harvestedcropstastesdelicious.(新收獲的莊稼做的團(tuán)子味道鮮美。)”可知，這種新收獲的農(nóng)作物應(yīng)指的是空處的內(nèi)容，B選項(xiàng)“Atthistime,theautumngraincropshavejustbeensoldonthemarket(此時(shí)，秋糧作物剛剛在市場上出售)”可知，秋季作物剛剛在市場上出售，與空后的“newly-harvestedcrops”指代一致，內(nèi)容吻合。故選B項(xiàng)。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共三節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Ihadthreeitemsinacheckoutline.Awomanandtwoteenageboys____21____mehadmaybeahalf-dozen.Thecustomerattheregister,awhite-hairedwoman,hadalreadybegunto____22____hergoodsandwasholdingoutcashtopayforthem.Thencametheproblem.Sometimesit’ssomeonewhoforgotto____23____apieceoffruit,orsomeonesearchingfor____24____.Fairenough.Onewaited.Buttoday,itwas____25____else.Somehow,thiswomandidn’thaveenoughmoney.Soshebeganthe____26____ofchoosingwhichitemstokeepandwhichto____27____tothecashierforre-shelving.Shepausedovereachone____28____keepingorgivingitup.Wewaited.Therewasahugelinegradually.Theprocesswentonandon.Finally,intheblack,thewomanturnedbacktousassheleft,____29____andapologetic.We____30____herembarrassment.Itcouldhappentoanyone.Wewere____31____sympathetic.ButIhadnoideajusthowsympatheticthemotherandherchildrenaheadofmewereuntiltheirturncame.Sheaskedthe____32____toaddalltheleft-behind____33____toherbillasquicklyaspossible.Thenthetwoboysranoutthroughtheexitwiththesmallbagofgroceriestosendittotheoldwoman.Whentheyreturned,itwasclearthattheyhaddonetheirjobperfectly.“Thatwasverynice!Whata(an)____34____toastranger!”Ioffered.Allittookto____35____thisflashofkindnesswaswaitingalittlelongerinacheckoutline.21.A.beside B.behind C.aheadof D.across22.A.decorate B.bag C.save D.settle23.A.gather B.harvest C.weigh D.bite24.A.chance B.place C.time D.change25.A.something B.nothing C.anything D.everything26.A.progress B.process C.range D.response27.A.comeback B.callback C.holdback D.handback28.A.if B.unless C.although D.before29.A.awkward B.pleased C.worried D.curious30.A.putoff B.setoff C.wavedoff D.cutoff31.A.roughly B.honestly C.cautiously D.accidentally32.A.cashier B.woman C.Passages D.customer33.A.mass B.packages C.belongings D.items34.A.generosity B.invitation C.dream D.information35.A.observe B.witness C.notice D.reserve〖答案〗21.C22.B23.C24.D25.A26.B27.D28.D29.A30.C31.B32.A33.D34.A35.B〖解析〗【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者在超市買東西時(shí)遇到的幫助別人買單的好人好事。【21題詳析】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：我前面的一個(gè)女人和兩個(gè)十幾歲的男孩大概有六個(gè)。A.beside在旁邊；B.behind在后面；C.aheadof在……前面；D.across交叉。前文提到“Ihadthreeitemsinacheckoutline.”（我在收銀臺排隊(duì)買了三件東西。）和“Thecustomerattheregister,awhite-hairedwoman,hadalreadybeguntohergoodsandwasholdingoutcashtopayforthem.”（收銀臺前的顧客是一位白發(fā)蒼蒼的婦女，她已經(jīng)開始結(jié)賬了，手里拿著現(xiàn)金準(zhǔn)備付款。）由此判斷，作者前面還有人結(jié)賬。故選C?！?2題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：收銀臺前的顧客是一位白發(fā)蒼蒼的婦女，她已經(jīng)開始把自己的商品裝進(jìn)袋子，手里拿著現(xiàn)金準(zhǔn)備付款。A.decorate裝修；B.bag打包；C.save拯救；D.settle決定。后文提到“washoldingoutcashtopayforthem.”（手里拿著現(xiàn)金準(zhǔn)備付款），準(zhǔn)備付賬了說明準(zhǔn)備開始把自己的東西裝好了。故選B?！?3題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：有時(shí)是因?yàn)橛腥送浄Q水果的重量，有時(shí)是因?yàn)橛腥讼胍伊恪.gather聚集；B.harvest收獲；C.weigh稱重；D.bite咬。根據(jù)常識可知，在超市購買水果之后要進(jìn)行稱重之后再付款。故選C。【24題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：有時(shí)是因?yàn)橛腥送浄Q水果的重量，有時(shí)是因?yàn)橛腥讼胍伊?。A.chance機(jī)會；B.place地點(diǎn)；C.time時(shí)間；D.change零錢。前文提到“washoldingoutcashtopayforthem.”（里拿著現(xiàn)金準(zhǔn)備付款），由此判斷，這間超市還在用現(xiàn)金付款，因此有人付款的時(shí)候就需要找零錢給顧客。故選D。【25題詳析】考查代詞詞義辨析。句意：但今天，情況有所不同。A.something某事；B.nothing沒什么事；C.anything任何事；D.everything每件事。后文提到“Somehow,thiswomandidn’thaveenoughmoney.”（