2024屆北京市通州區(qū)高三下學(xué)期4月模擬考試英語模擬試題（有答案）

2024屆北京市通州區(qū)高三下學(xué)期4月模擬考試英語模擬試題本試卷共10頁，共100分?？荚嚂r長90分鐘?？忌鷦?wù)必在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答，在試卷上作答無效。考試結(jié)束后，請將答題卡交回。第一部分：知識運用（共兩節(jié)，30分）第一節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Samuelworkedinthetown’sbookstore.Hislifehadbeenpredictableandboring.Butonesunnymorning,thebookstoreowner1thattheshopwouldbeclosingforgood.Samuel’sheartsank,andhefoundhimselffacingan2future.Yetarayofhopeemerged—anopportunitytostartanew.Nothingventured,nothinggained,hethought,3thecouragetobreaknewground.Withanewfounddetermination,Samueldecidedtogoafterhisdreamofbecominga4.Withpeninhandandablankpagebeforehim,Samuelpouredhissouloutontothepaper.He5talesofadventure,loveandself-discovery.Ashewrote,hegavelifetothecharactersthatdancedacrossthepage.6,anunexpectedopportunitypresenteditself.Alocalpublishinghouse,charmedbySamuel’sstories,offeredhima7tosharehiswork.Hetookaleapoffaithandsaidyes!“Outwiththeoldandinwiththenew”becameSamuel’spetphrase.Theonce-shyclerk8aconfidentauthor.Hisbooksfoundtheirwayintothehandsofreadersnearandfar,touchingheartsandigniting（點燃）passions.Samuel’s9didn’tcomewithoutchallenges,butherememberedthesaying,“Whenonedoorcloses,anotheropens."Eachcloseddoorbecameanopportunityforgrowthandasteppingstonetoevengreaterachievements.Witheachbookhecomposed,heturnedoveranewleaf.Hisjourneyremindedeveryonethatstartinganewwasnotjustsurrendering（屈服）totheunknown.Itwasaninvitationto10alifefilledwithpurposeandfulfillment.1．A．permitted B．complained C．a(chǎn)dmitted D．a(chǎn)nnounced2．A．unusual B．uncertain C．impossible D．unrealistic3．A．gathering B．lacking C．a(chǎn)dmiring D．recalling4．A．clerk B．painter C．novelist D．publisher5．A．penned B．heard C．provided D．concluded6．A．Frequently B．Eventually C．Obviously D．Normally7．A．chance B．solution C．condition D．right8．A．dependedon B．knewabout C．learnedfrom D．transformedinto9．A．exploration B．curiosity C．success D．dignity10．A．change B．repeat C．create D．evaluate第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。請在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答。AAstrongworkethic（道德）isvitaltoacompany.Certain11（factor）cometogethertocreateastrongworkethic.Asenseofresponsibilityisafactor.Itaffects12anemployeeworks.Whentheemployeefeels13（personal）responsibleforhisjobperformance,heshowsupontimeandcompletesprojectstothebestofhisability.Asenseofteamworkisanotherfactor.Anemployeewithahighsenseofteamworkhelpsateammeetitsgoals.Theseemployeesrespectandhelpeachother,14（make）cooperationgosmoother.BNiagaraFallsisagroupoffalls,15（compose）ofthreefalls.ItreferstotheHorseshoeFallsontheNiagaraRiveroftheCanadiansideandtheAmericanFallsandtheBridalVeilFallsontheNiagaraRiveroftheAmericanside.InthemiddleoftheNiagaraRiverthereisanislandnamedGoatIsland,16dividestheNiagaraRiverintotheHorseshoeandAmericanFalls.Theislandprovidescloseaccess17theHorseshoeandtheBridalVeilFalls.CAfewyearsago,Nikedecidedtocreateanewuniformthatwouldhelpathletestogofaster.Theaimwas18（reduce）windresistance.TheSwiftSuitismale.fromseveraldifferentfabrics.Sinceitscreation,manyworld-classathletes19（run）intheSwiftSuit.ThefamousathleteCathyFreeman20（wear）herfull-lengthgreenandsilversuitwhenshecompetedinthe400metressprint（短跑）attheSydney2000Olympicsandwongold.第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，38分）第一節(jié)（共14小題；每小題2分，共28分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AManythingscometomindwhenIthinkofagreatvacation.Impressivesceneryanddeliciousfoodarecertainlyonmylist.Thosetwofeaturescan’talwaysbefoundinthesamelocation.However,amazingviewsandgreatfoodarebothonthemenuatthefollowingthreerestaurants.TheRock.ZanzibarOnanenormousstoneoffthecoastoftheEastAfricanislandofZanzibarsitsTheRock.Thefreshestseafood,muchofitstraightfromthesurroundingocean,isalwaysavailablehere.Freshlobster,prawns,octopussaladandcalamariarejustafewoftheappetizingdiningoptions.Atlowtide,customerscanwalkouttoTheRock.Asthewaterrises,though,customersmusttakeashortboatridetoit.Oncetheyarrive,they’regreetedbyfriendlystaffand360-degreeviewsofbeautifulblue-greenwater.TheRock,sometimescalledthe“floatingrestaurant,”isavailableforweddingsandothersmallgroupevents.TheLabasinWaterfallsRestaurant,PhilippinesStunningwaterfallssometimeshaverestaurantsatthetop.ButtheLabasinWaterfalls,inSanPabloCity,Philippines,aredifferent.Arestaurantsitsatthebottomofthesefalls.GuestsdineonauthenticFilipinomealsatbambootablesthatstandrightinthewater.Theycooltheirfeetinthewaterthatflowsundertheirtables.Thesurroundingjunglemakesaperfectbackgroundforthisone-of-a-kinddiningexperience.TheGrotto,ThailandTheGrottoRestaurantonThailand’sPhraNangBeachoffersdeliciousfoodandanincrediblediningexperience.Therestaurantispartlypositionedinsideacaveandpartlyonthebeach.GuestsseatedtowardthefrontlookoutatHappyIslandinthelovelyAndamanSea.Thoseseatedatthebackenjoyanauthenticcave-diningexperience.Comfortabletablesarearrangedinsidethecave.InternationalfoodwithaThaiinfluenceisfeatured.Foryournexttravel-and-diningadventure,whynotmakeareservationatoneoftheseuniquerestaurants?21．WhatdoweknowaboutTheRock?A．Itislocatedonanenormousship.B．Itissuitableforholdingaweddingcelebration.C．Customerscanwalkouttotherestaurantallthetime.D．Thetablesstandrightinthebeautifulblue-greenwater.22．Whatdothethreerestaurantshaveincommon?A．Customerscanenjoythebeautifulviewsofthesea.B．Shortboatridesareneededtogettotheserestaurants.C．Theyofferthefreshestseafoodfromthesurroundingocean.D．Theyintegratedeliciousfoodwithincrediblediningexperiences.23．Whatisthemainpurposeofthispassage?A．Tocallonreaderstovisittheuniquerestaurants.B．Topresentavailablerestaurantsforreaderstoworkin.C．Tointroducethedeliciousfoodofferedintherestaurants.D．Toremindpeopletotakeabreakfromthebusyschedules.BWhenEmmawokeup,sheknewitwasgoingtobeoneofthosedays.Shefeltunwell—acoldhadtakenholdofher.Still,sheneededtobravethestormofresponsibilitiesatwork.Emmadraggedherselfoutofbedandgotreadyforwork.Thensheputonherraincoatandwentoutintothepouringrain.Asshewalked,shefoughtagainstthebadweather.Emma’sumbrellawasalmostuselessasitwasrainingcatsanddogs.Thenlikeaboltfromtheblue,thewindblewitinsideout.Shewasimmediatelywetfromheadtotoe.Shesaidtoherselfinaquietvoice.“Whatadaytoforgetmyrainboots!”Attheoffice,thedaywasasstormyastheweather.Shehadamountainoftasks.Handlingendlessemailsandphonecallsshouldhavebeenalightwind.Butbeforelong,shewasdesperatetotakeabreaksoshecouldgetasecondwind.Then,atexactlythemoment,hercoworkerAlexcametoherrescue.Alexwasnotafair-weatherfriendbutwasalwaysreadytolendahand.Withawarmsmile,heofferedtohelpEmma.HavingAlexassistherwaslikearayofsunshineonarainyday.Theirlaughterandgood-fellowshipastheycompletedtheirtasksmadethehourspassquickly.Onherwayhome,Emmareflectedontheday,whichhadendedupbeingsurprisinglypleasant.Sherealizedthateveryclouddidindeedhaveasilverlining.Today,thatsilverlininghadbeenherwonderfulcolleague,Alex.WhenEmmaarrivedhome,shedecidedtosendAlexaheartfeltmessageofappreciation.Shewrote,“Thanksforbeingmyrayofsunshineinthisrainyday!”Itwasasimplemessage,butitcarriedalotofmeaning.Thatnight,listeningtoitraincatsanddogsoutside,Emmacouldn’thelpbutsmile.ShehadweatheredthestormwithAlex’shelp.24．WhydidEmmagettotallywet?A．Becausesheforgottotakeherumbrella.B．Becauseshedidn’twearherraincoat.C．Becauseherrainbootswerebroken.D．Becausethewindwastoostrong.25．WhathappenedtoEmmaandAlexattheoffice?A．Theyfinishedtheassignmentswithjoy.B．Theytookabreaktorefreshthemselves.C．Theytalkedabouttheweatherwhileperformingtasks.D．AlexcametorescueEmmabecauseshewasindinger.26．HowdidEmmafeelatlast?A．Gratefulandwarm. B．Pleasedandamused.C．Shockedandconfused. D．Confidentanddetermined.27．Whatcanweconcludefromthepassage?A．Saveforarainyday. B．Hardworkpaysoff.C．Actionsspeaklouderthanwords. D．Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.CMemoriesarefunny,aren’tthey?Youcanbegoingalong,mindingyourbusiness,andthen,allofasudden,amemorypopsintoyourhead.Sometimesmemoriesaretriggered（觸發(fā)）byasongthatremindsyouofthesettingwhereyoufirstheardit.Oritmaybeasmellthatmakesyouthinkofadeliciousmealwithyourfriendsorfamily.Perhapshearingkidsarguingmakesyourememberanunhappysituationwithchildhoodfriends.Thesespontaneous（自發(fā)的）memoriescanhe“sweet,”ortheymightbe“sour.”Didyoueverwonderwhat’sgoingoninyourbrainthatmakesyourmemoriesproducepositiveornegativeemotions?ResearchersattheSalkInstituteforBiologicaStudiesinCaliforniahavemadeadiscoverythatcouldhelptouncoverthissecret.Theexplanationisabittechnical（forthoseofuswhoarenotbrainscientists）,butbasicallyitallfocusesonasinglemolecule（分子）calledneurotensin（神經(jīng)降壓素）.Oursurroundingenvironmentisconstantlypresentingourbrainwithstimuli（刺激）.Themoleculeneurotensinactsasakeyindicatorofwhetheranexperienceislabeledaspositiveornegative,dependingonthenatureofthestimuli.Ourbrainsubsequentlyassociatessimilarstimuliwiththepleasantorpainfulmemorythatweexperienced.ThestudybytheSalkInstitutewaspublishedinthejournalNature.Thefocusoftheirexperimentswasthebraincircuitryoflaboratorymice.Afterasoundwasplayed,themicereceivedeitherapleasantswallowofsugarywateror,anunpleasantelectricalshockorpuffofair.TheresearchersdiscoveredthatneurotensinwasthesignalthatassociatedthesoundwithrewardorwithpunishmentWhenthegene（基因）thatregulatesneurotensinwasremovedfromthemice’sbrains,theyhadmoredifficultyconnectingthesoundwiththesugarywater.However,thenegativeresponseswereenhanced.Understandinghowneuronsinthebrainrespondtoneurotensincouldhaveinfluencesonone’smentalhealth.Addictionsmaybecausedbyoverlyhighlevelsofneurotensin（connectedwithpositiverewards）.Ontheotherhand,depressionandanxietycanresultwhendecreasedlevelsofneurotensinallownegative.responsestodominate.Thus,regulatingneurotensincould.helptomaintainmentalstability.Oneotherthing:Theresearchstudyshowedthatthebrainmaytendtobeapessimist,focusingonfearfulmemoriesthatcausenegativeemotionalresponses.Perhapsinsightsintoneurotensinwillhelpushavefewersourmemoriesandmoresweetones.28．Whatisthefunctionofneurotensin?A．Toprovideourbrainwithstimuli. B．Toindicatethecategoryofanexperience.C．Tofocusonthesurroundingenvironment. D．Toassociatethestimuliwithourmemory.29．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Addictionsandanxietymayberelatedtodifferentlevelsofneurotensin.B．Themiceweregivenbothsugarywaterandanelectricalshockafterhearingasound.C．Asthegenewhichcontrolsneurotensindisappeared,thenegativeresponsesdecreased.D．Thebrainprefersconnectingwithfearfulmemorieswhichproduceunexpectedemotions.30．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Whathappensinourbraintoformourmemory.B．Whatthediscoveryofmemorycandoformentalhealth.C．Howbrainconnectsourmemorywithdifferentemotions.D．Howweregulateneurotensintomakeushavegoodemotions.DInthisageofsocialmedia,everyonehasfollowedthereviewtrend.Nearlyeverybusinessorwebsitepersuadescustomerstoleavereviewsastheycandrivetraffictothesiteorbusiness.TheonlinebusinessdirectoryYelp,whichgets178millionmonthlyvisitors,invitesanyonewithacellphonetoleaveareviewofabusinessorrestaurant.Butbynomeansarenegativereviewsalwayshonest.Somepeoplethreatentogiveabadreviewtoextort（敲詐）discountedorfreefoodfromarestaurant.Somethenfollowthroughwhentheirdemandsarenotmet.Buttherearetwosidestoeverystory.OneDenverchefdecidedtorespondtobadreviewsathisrestaurant.Asitturnedout,somecustomerswholeftbadreviewsdeservedbadreviewsthemselves.Onecustomer’sterriblereviewclaimedthatthefoodattherestaurantwassoawfulthathedidn’teatasinglebite.Thecheflookedthroughthemonitorandfoundclearevidencethathehadeateneverybite!Inresponse,thechefcalledoutthedissatisfiedcustomerinhisownnegativereview.Sincethechefstartedrespondingtoallhisnegativereviews,businessathisrestauranthasnearlydoubled.Tellingpeoplewhatyouthinkofthemastheresultofabadreviewcanbackfireonyou,especiallywhenabadreviewisjustified.Reviewsareimportantbecause94percentofdinersreadonlinereviewsbeforetheydecidewheretoeat.Butbadreviewsappearformanyreasons.Thereviewermaybehavingabadday,orthechefmaybesickandthesubstitute（代替者）couldn’tfillhisshoes,sothecuisinesuffered.Orperhapstheservicewasn’tasgoodasusual.Theworst-casesceneisthatthereviewerwantstopunishtherestaurantonpurposeforsomeslight,realorimagined.Sooneortwobadreviewsneedtobetakenwithagrainofsalt.Manynegativereviews,however,indicateaproblem.Sowhatisarestauranteurtodo?Firstgiveanhonestassessmentofanynegativereviews.Takeastepbackandaskifthewriterhasmadeanyvalidpoints.Arethereareasforimprovement?Iftheanswerisyes,makeadjustments.Reviewersthemselvesneedtobehonestandconstructive.Thegoalshouldbetoimprovethesituation,notjustblowoffsteam.31．TheauthormentionsYelpinParagraph1to______.A．introducethetopic B．predicttheendingC．evaluateanargument D．supportastatement32．Regardingnegativereviewstorestaurants,theauthoris______.A．positive B．objective C．negative D．doubtful33．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“valid”inParagraph5mostprobablymean?A．Philosophical. B．Identical. C．Reasonable. D．Legal.34．Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．WhotoBeResponsibleforBadReviews? B．WhentoRespondtoBadReviews?C．HowtoCriticiseBadReviews? D．WhattoDowithBadReviews?第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Beforeyouheadouttoafuneventwheretherewillbemanypeople,youshouldbeawareofthedangersofacrowdcrush（擁擠的人群）,whosepossibilityaddsupduringthefestivalsoronsomecelebratingoccasions.Thoughtheriskofcrowdcrushisrare,itcanbedeadlywhenithappens.Crowdcrushoccurswhenmanypeoplearepackedtogetherandbegintofalloveroneanother.Inthepast,suchinstanceshavecausedhorribleinjuryandevendeath.35Beforeattendingacrowdedevent,lookupamapofthevenue.36Onceyouarrive,choosingtherightspotcanbecrucial.Avoidthemiddleorfront;instead,pickthebackoredgesofacrowd.Itsalsoimportanttotrustyourfeelings.Stayawaretoseeifyoufeelpackedinatanypoint.Themorecrowdedtheeventbecomes,thesooneryoumayneedtomovetoasafeplace.37Themostimportantthingyoucandoisstayonyourfeet.Todothis,spreadyourfeetapartandbendyourkneesalittle.Alsomakesuretomovewiththeflowofthecrowd.Tryingtomoveagainstacrowdofpeoplewillonlyendindisaster.Helpingothersisanothergreatwaytokeepeveryonesafe.Onceonepersonfallsdown,morepeopletendtofalloverthem.38Acommoncauseofdeathinacrowdcrushisn’tbeingcrushedbutratherlosingairIt’sbesttoholdoutyourarmsinfrontofyourchest.39Italsoprotectsyourchestandlungsfrombeingcrushedonthegroundshouldyoufall.Thereisusuallyfunwherethecrowdsare,soenjoyyourself.Butmeanwhile,itisalsoimportanttoremembertostayalertandtakecareofyourfamilymemberswhenyousensethesmellofdanger.A．Ifyoudoendupinacrush,here’showyoucanstaysafe.B．Thisallowscebetweenyouandthepersoninfrontofyou.C．Soifyourneighborinthecrowdfallstotheground,helpthemup.D．Seekingforasaferplacetakessometimeandissometimeschallenging.E．Toavoidsuchanoutcome,it’sbesttoescapethecrushbeforeithappens.F．Theshortageofairmeanslessoxygen,whichwillleadtoseriousconsequences.G．Thiswillgiveyouanideaofthesurroundings—payspecialattentiontoanyexits.第三部分：書面表達(dá)（共兩節(jié)，32分）第一節(jié)（共4小題；第40、41題各2分，第42題3分，第43題5分，共12分）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。請在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答。Frombirth,everypersonneedsotherhumanbeings.Babiesneedtobecaredfortosurvive.Theirfirstconnectionsusuallycomefromparentsandotherfamilymembers.Butaschildrengrowup,theyspendmoretimewithothers.Andtheymayormaynotfeelconnectedtothepeopletheyseeeveryday.Somepeoplefeeldifferentfromorrejectedbytheirneighbors,peopletheyworkwithoreventheirfamilies.Peoplewhodon’tfeelliketheybelongoftenfeellonely,evenwhenothersarearound.Peoplefinddifferentwaystomeettheirnaturaldesiretobelongtoagroup.Somerelyontheirfamilieswhileothersfindcommunitiesbasedonotherinterests.Thesecanincludesharedgoals,lifeexperiencesorpopularculture.Youneedothersformanyreasons.Communitymemberscanofferadviceorpracticalhelpwhenyougothroughdifficulttimes.YoucanalsogrowasapersonfromhelpingothersSowhatcanyoudoifyoulackasenseofbelonging?Thefirststepwillusuallybetomakeaconsciousefforttoreachouttoothers.Youcouldjoingroupsbasedoninterestsyoushare.Oryoucouldcontactanindividualwithwhomyouhavesomethingincommonanddecidewhentomeetup.Thismaybeuncomfortableatfirst,butaswithmostthings,itbecomeseasierwithpractice.Focusingonothersmorethanonyourselfmayhelp.Askquestionsthatshowyoucareaboutothers’lives.Thiswillhelpthemfeelvalued.Ifyouareshy,itwillreyoufromhavingtotalkaboutyourselftoomuch.Findingcommunityrequiresawillingnesstoacceptothers.Butitisalsoimportanttoremaintruetoyourself.Ifapersonalwayshideshisorhertruethoughtsandfeelingstofitin,howcouldheorshefeelasenseofbelonging?Anditwillbemucheasierifyouaskyourselfwhatmattersmosttoyou.Findingaplacewhereyoubelongmaynotbeeasy.Butitwillhelpyouliveahappier,morefulfilledlife.Soifyouaretheonelookingforit,don’tlosehearteasilysinceittrulydeservestheeffort.40．Wherearebabies’firstconnectionsusuallyfrom?__________________