重慶市二0三中學校2023-2024學年高三上學期開學考試英語試題【含答案】

高三9月測試英語試卷第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)聽下面5段對話，選出最佳選項。1.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Athome.B.Atahospital.C.Inanoffice.2.Whatisthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Strangers.B.Schoolmates.C.Co-workers.3.Whatdothespeakersplantodonext?A.Takeaclass.B.Dosomeexercise.C.Haveadrink.4.Whydoesthewomantalktotheman?A.Topersuadehim.B.Tothankhim.C.Toencouragehim.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Afamouscook.B.Anaturaldiet.C.Avitaminpill.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白，選出最佳選項。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Howdidtheman’sparentsreacttohisdrawingintheworkbooks?A.Worriedly.B.Favorably.C.Angrily.7.Whatdidthemandoforthecafé?A.Hedecorateditsdiningroomwithhisdrawings.B.Heraisedmoneybysellinghisdrawings.C.Hesenthisdrawingstocustomers.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.WhyisthemanusingtheWeb?A.Towriteaschoolreport.B.Tomakeatravelplan.C.Topreparealesson.9.Whatcanthemanknowaboutthetreefromthearticle?A.Itsheight.B.Itslocation.C.Itsage.10.Wheredidthemanseecoastredwoodtrees?A.Fromafilm.B.Fromabook.C.Fromablog.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whicheventisthemantakingpartin?A.Amarathon.B.Abikeride.C.ATVprogram.12.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodofirst?A.Buildawebsite.B.Designaposter.C.Putupanotice.13.Whydoesthemanraisemoney?A.Tohousethehomeless.B.Tosupportcancerresearch.C.Tohelpheartdiseasepatients.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Whoisthewoman?A.Afitnesstrainer.B.Alifecoach.C.Aprivatetutor.15.Howdoesthewomanfeelabouttheman’sfitnessplan?A.It’sunimportant.B.It’sunnecessary.C.It’sunclear.16.Whatdoestheletter“M”remindpeopletodo?A.Keeptrackoftheprogress.B.Setgoalsthatmattertoyou.C.Breakgoalsintodoablesteps.17.Whatdoestheletter“T”standfor?A.“Technique”.B.“Target”.C.“Time”.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.WhydoesIsabellewanttobuyagiftforhermother?A.It’sWomen’sDay.B.It’sMother’sDay.C.It’sherbirthday.19.WhatdoesthespeakersuggestCharlottedo?A.Askherfriendoutforameal.B.Buyherfriendsomemake-up.C.Takeherfriendtoarecordingstudio.20.Whatwillthespeakerdonext?A.Recommendapresent.B.Answeracall.C.Introduceafestival.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15個小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5)AWelcometoBiscayneNationalParkBiscayneisnotveryfarfromthelightsandexcitementofdowntownMiami.Butithasaverydifferentatmospherefromthebigcity.Establishedasanationalmonumentin1968,BiscayneNationalParkincludesthenorthernpartoftheworld-famousFloridaKeyswhicharelow-lyingislandsorreefs.BiscayneNationalParkIfyouenjoywater,Biscayneistheparkforyou.Youwillfindthethreatenedhuge,gentleWestIndianmanatee,thelessgentleAmericancrocodile,severalkindsofseaturtlesandover500speciesoffish.Fourecosystemscometogetherhere,whichiswhatmakestheparksodiverse.Theblendingecosystemscreate”edgecommunities.“HumanhistoryHumanhistoryatBiscaynebeginsmorethan10,000yearsago.Scientistssayevidenceofthearea’searliestpeopleismostlyunderwaternowandlearnaboutthesepeoplebyexaminingthehillsofshellstheyleftbehind.Asthepopulationgrew,itdividedintoseparatecultures.Thegroupsbeganmakingpotteryandcreatedtradenetworks.TheseNativeAmericansarecalledtheTequesta.TheTequestadependedontherichfoodsourceoftheseatosurvive.Theywerenotcenteredonfarmingandhadmoretimethanothernativesforartandreligion.Thereefsandroughwatersmadeitdifficultforearlyexplorersresultinginmorethan50shipwrecks.Scubadiverstodaycanexploresixofthem.ExploringtheparkManyvisitorstoBiscayneNationalParkchoosetoexploreunderwater.Guidesleadsnorkelingandscubadivingtrips.AtBocaChitaKey,visitorscanexplorealighthouse,asymbolofBiscayneNationalParkbuiltinthe1930s.ButvisitorstoBiscayneNationalParkprobablyarenottheretoseeskyscrapersandcitylights.ThebeautyinBiscayneisquietwaters,rustlingmangroves.1.WhatisthefeatureoftheecosystemintheBiscayneNationalPark?A.Thedifferentspeciesoftheanimals. B.Themixedbiologicalcommunities.C.Thelow-lyingislandsorreefs. D.Theclearandwarmwaters.2.Whatcanweknowfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Humanhistorydatesbacktomorethan50,000yearsago.B.TheNativeAmericanspreferfarmingtofishing.C.Biscayneisaparadiseforthewatersportsenthusiasts.D.Scubadiverstodayaretoseeskyscrapersandcitylights.3.Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?A.Apersonaldiary. B.geographytextbook. C.AAtravelmagazine. D.Abookreview.【答案】1.B2.C3.C【解析】【導語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了比斯坎國家公園的一些游玩項目。【1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Fourecosystemscometogetherhere,whichiswhatmakestheparksodiverse.(四個生態(tài)系統(tǒng)在這里結(jié)合在一起，這使得公園如此多樣化)”可知，比斯坎國家公園的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的特點是混合生物群落。故選B。【2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“ManyvisitorstoBiscayneNationalParkchoosetoexploreunderwater.Guidesleadsnorkelingandscubadivingtrips.(許多來比斯坎國家公園的游客選擇在水下探險。導游帶領(lǐng)浮潛和水肺潛水之旅)”可知，比斯坎灣是水上運動愛好者的天堂。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)標題“WelcometoBiscayneNationalPark(歡迎來到比斯坎國家公園)”結(jié)合文章主要介紹了比斯坎國家公園的一些游玩項目?？赏浦恼逻x自一本旅游雜志。故選C。BAone-roomstudioatopawoodedhillonthesouthwestcoastofVancouverIslandiswherethemagichappensformasterluthier(撥弦樂器制作者)ReubenForsland.He’sastoryteller,onlythestorieshetellsaren’tmadeofwords;they’refashionedofwoodandmetal.Forslandspendshistimebuildingcustomguitars-andthestoriesbehindtheinstrumentsarejustasimportanttohimasthesuperbqualityandsoundofhiscreations.BornandraisedincentralAlberta,Forslandhasspentmostofhislifebuildingthings,rangingfromcustomfurnitureandhousestoskateboardsandsurfboards.Hebecameaprofessionalluthierin2014.ThequalityofForsland’sJOIGuitarshasattractedinterestfromprofessionalmusicians,likeGunsN’RosesguitaristSlash,whohiredhimtomakeaguitar.EverycustomguitarReubenForslandmakesbeginswithconversationsandconnections.“Thefocusistocreateaguitarthatinspirestheplayertomakeanemotionalandspiritualconnection,”saidForsland.ForSlash’sguitar,Forslandwenttogreatlengthstofindasourceofinspiration.OncehefoundoutJimiHendrixwasoneofSlash’sheroes,ForslandspentsixmonthstrackingdownPeteSikov,theowneroftheSeattlehouseHendrixgrewupin.“IaskedPeteifhewasopentotheconceptofusingsomeofthewoodfromthehouseforSlash’sguitar,andhewasgoodwiththat,”saidForsland,whohassincecompletedfourguitarsusingsomeofthatwood.Forsland’sfocusthesedaysisonmakingtheworld’sfirsttraditionallybuiltguitarfromhempwood(麻木),awoodmaterialmadefromhempfibres.“ItabsorbsfourtimesmoreCO2initslifetimethanthesameareaasaforest,”Forslandsaid.Hesupportsenvironmentalsustainabilitywiththesamepassionhebringstomakingguitars.That’swhyhechoseEarthDayastheperfecttimetolaunchhishempwoodguitarofficially.“Althoughthisguitarcan’tsavetheenvironment,it’sapieceoftheconversationaboutwhatcanbecreatedwithasustainableproductintoday’smarketplace.”4.WhichwordcanbestdescribeForslandaccordingtoparagraph2?A.Ambitious. B.Handy. C.Optimistic. D.Sporty.5.WhatdidForslandbuildSlash’sguitaroutof?A.WoodprovidedbyGunsN’Roses. B.WoodfromJimiHendrix’schildhoodhome.C.WoodfromSlash’sSeattlehouse. D.HempwooddonatedbyPeteSikov.6.WhatdoweknowaboutForsland’smostrecentcreation?A.Itismadefromasustainablematerial. B.Itisaninstanthitinthemarketplace.C.ItisusedtocelebrateEarthDay. D.Itisthefirst-evertraditionallybuiltguitar.7.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.PayavisittoJOIGuitars B.Meettheworld’sbestluthierC.Customguitarssetthetrendsformusicians D.Eachguitartheluthiermakestellsastory【答案】4.B5.B6.A7.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了制琴師大師ReubenForsland制作吉他的靈感來源以及他最新的作品?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“BornandraisedincentralAlberta,Forslandhasspentmostofhislifebuildingthings,rangingfromcustomfurnitureandhousestoskateboardsandsurfboards.Hebecameaprofessionalluthierin2014.ThequalityofForsland’sJOIGuitarshasattractedinterestfromprofessionalmusicians,likeGunsN’RosesguitaristSlash,whohiredhimtomakeaguitar.(在阿爾伯塔省中部出生和長大的Forsland一生中大部分時間都在建造東西，從定制家具和房屋到滑板和沖浪板。2014年成為專業(yè)制琴師。Forsland的JOIGuitars的質(zhì)量吸引了專業(yè)音樂家的興趣，比如槍炮玫瑰樂隊的吉他手Slash，他聘請他制作吉他)”可推知，F(xiàn)orsland會制作各種東西，手巧。故選B?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“OncehefoundoutJimiHendrixwasoneofSlash’sheroes,ForslandspentsixmonthstrackingdownPeteSikov,theowneroftheSeattlehouseHendrixgrewupin.“IaskedPeteifhewasopentotheconceptofusingsomeofthewoodfromthehouseforSlash’sguitar,andhewasgoodwiththat,”saidForsland,whohassincecompletedfourguitarsusingsomeofthatwood.(當他發(fā)現(xiàn)吉米·亨德里克斯是Slash的偶像之一時，福斯蘭花了六個月的時間尋找亨德里克斯在西雅圖長大的房子的主人皮特·西科夫。“我問皮特，他是否愿意使用一些房子里的木材來制作Slash的吉他，他對此很滿意，”Forsland說，他已經(jīng)用這些木材完成了四把吉他)”可知，F(xiàn)orsland用吉米·亨德里克斯小時候家里的木頭做了Slash的吉他。故選B。【6題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段““ItabsorbsfourtimesmoreCO2initslifetimethanthesameareaasaforest,”Forslandsaid.Hesupportsenvironmentalsustainabilitywiththesamepassionhebringstomakingguitars.That’swhyhechoseEarthDayastheperfecttimetolaunchhishempwoodguitarofficially.“Althoughthisguitarcan’tsavetheenvironment,it’sapieceoftheconversationaboutwhatcanbecreatedwithasustainableproductintoday’smarketplace.”(“它在其生命周期中吸收的二氧化碳是同面積森林的四倍，”Forsland說。他對環(huán)境可持續(xù)發(fā)展的支持與他制作吉他的熱情是一樣的。這就是為什么他選擇地球日作為正式推出他的大麻木吉他的最佳時機?！半m然這把吉他不能拯救環(huán)境，但在當今的市場上，它是關(guān)于可持續(xù)產(chǎn)品可以創(chuàng)造什么的對話的一部分。”)”可知，F(xiàn)orsland的最新作品是由可持續(xù)材料制成的。故選A。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“He’sastoryteller,onlythestorieshetellsaren’tmadeofwords;they’refashionedofwoodandmetal.Forslandspendshistimebuildingcustomguitars-andthestoriesbehindtheinstrumentsarejustasimportanttohimasthesuperbqualityandsoundofhiscreations.(他是一個講故事的人，只是他講的故事不是由文字構(gòu)成的;它們是由木頭和金屬制成的。Forsland花時間制作定制吉他，對他來說，樂器背后的故事和他創(chuàng)作的卓越品質(zhì)和聲音一樣重要)”結(jié)合文章主要介紹了制琴師大師ReubenForsland制作吉他的靈感來源以及他最新的作品。由此可知，D選項“琴師制作的每把吉他都講述了一個故事”最符合文章標題。故選D。CCouldanewtreatmentdevelopedbytheUScompanyLillymean“thebeginningoftheend”ofAlzheimer’s(阿爾茲海默癥)?Couldweevencureitsomeday?Theseareheadlinesandquestionsswirling(流傳)aroundafternewsofanewdrug,calleddonanemab,showedpromisingresultsinphase-3trials.ThebrainsciencebehindAlzheimer’siscomplex,butCTandMRIscanssuggestthatpoisonouschangesoccurinthebrain,includingtheabnormalbuildupofproteinscalledamyloidplaquesandtautangles.Thedamagestartsinthepartsofthebrainessentialforformingmemoriesbutthenspreadsthroughouttheorgan,withbraintissueshrinkingsignificantly.DevelopingtreatmentsforAlzheimer’shasbeenachallenge,withalmost20yearspassingwithnonewdrugs.Butinthelastyear,twonewoneshaveemerged:donanemabandlecanemab.Neitherarecuresormagicbulletsforthedisease,buttheydoaddresskeysymptoms.Theytargettheamyloidproteinsthatcanaccumulateinthebrainanddamageneurons,slowingdownitsprogression.Whilethisnewsisexciting,therearemajorcaveats.OneiswhetheritwilleverbecomeavailableontheNHS.Thecostisestimatedtobeabout￡20,000perpersonperyearoftreatment.Anotheristheseriousside-effects:inthestudy,brainswellingoccurredin24%ofparticipantsandbrainbleedingoccurredin31.4%onthedrugcomparedwith13.6%intheplacebo(安慰劑)group.Therewerealsothreedeathsduringthetrial.Partoftheproblemforme,asanacademic,inassessingthedrugisthatthefullresultsofthetrialhaven’tyetbeensharedpubliclyorpublishedinapeer-reviewjournal.Wecannotaccessthefulldataorexaminethetrialyet,andthereisalwaysamotivationforprivatecompaniestooverstatetheeffectivenessofnewdrugs.Trialresultsneedtobeassessedbyanindependentbodyofexperts.Whileitisunlikelytochangeclinicalpracticeuntilatleast2025,thenewsofdonanemabisagainanindicationthatscienceiscontinuingtomakeprogresswhenitcomestotreatingthemajorcausesofillnessanddeath,evenonerelatedtothehighlycomplexinnerworkingsofthebrain.So,therearecaveatsandtheneedforcaution,butthesenewdrugsareindeedthegroundsforthatrarethingthesedays:hope.8.WhatcanwelearnaboutAlzheimerfromthepassage?A.Itiscausedbytheaccumulationofsomeproteinsinthebrain.B.MostpeoplewilldevelopAlzheimerwhentheyareold.C.Thereexistsanewdrugtocureitcompletely.D.Itresultsfromthelossofmemoriesaspeoplegetolder.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“caveats”meaninparagraph4?A.Weaknesses. B.Discussions. C.Debates. D.Warnings.10.Whatistheproblemofthenewdrugaccordingtotheauthorasanacademic?A.Theeffectivenessmaybeblownupwithoutfairassessment.B.Ithastheseriousside-effectssuchasbrainbleedinganddeaths.C.Thecostofthenewdrugisoutofreachforordinarypeople.D.ThereisnopossibilityfornewdrugstobeadmittedintotheNHS.11Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthenewdrug?A.Approving. B.Doubtful. C.Unclear. D.Indifferent.【答案】8.A9.D10.A11.B【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一種治療阿爾茨海默氏癥的新藥，文章介紹了阿爾茨海默氏癥產(chǎn)生的原因以及這種新藥存在的一些問題?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“ThebrainsciencebehindAlzheimer’siscomplex,butCTandMRIscanssuggestthatpoisonouschangesoccurinthebrain,includingtheabnormalbuildupofproteinscalledamyloidplaquesandtautangles.(阿爾茨海默氏癥背后的腦科學是復雜的，但CT和MRI掃描表明，大腦中發(fā)生了有毒的變化，包括淀粉樣斑塊和陶蛋白纏結(jié)的異常積聚)”可知，阿爾茲海默癥是由大腦中某些蛋白質(zhì)的積累引起的。故選A?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞后文“OneiswhetheritwilleverbecomeavailableontheNHS.Thecostisestimatedtobeabout￡20,000perpersonperyearoftreatment.(一個是它是否會在國民醫(yī)療服務(wù)體系中普及。據(jù)估計，每人每年的治療費用約為2萬英鎊)”可知，針對這種新藥存在一些警告，一個是它是否會在國民醫(yī)療服務(wù)體系中普及。據(jù)估計，每人每年的治療費用約為2萬英鎊。故劃線詞意思是“警告”。故選D?！?0題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Partoftheproblemforme,asanacademic,inassessingthedrugisthatthefullresultsofthetrialhaven’tyetbeensharedpubliclyorpublishedinapeer-reviewjournal.Wecannotaccessthefulldataorexaminethetrialyet,andthereisalwaysamotivationforprivatecompaniestooverstatetheeffectivenessofnewdrugs.Trialresultsneedtobeassessedbyanindependentbodyofexperts.(作為一名學者，我在評估這種藥物時遇到的部分問題是，試驗的全部結(jié)果尚未公開分享，也沒有在同行評議期刊上發(fā)表。我們還無法獲得完整的數(shù)據(jù)或檢查試驗，而且私營公司總是有夸大新藥有效性的動機。試驗結(jié)果需要由一個獨立的專家機構(gòu)進行評估)”可知，作為一名學者，作者認為新藥的問題是如果沒有公平的評估，效果可能會被夸大。故選A?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Partoftheproblemforme,asanacademic,inassessingthedrugisthatthefullresultsofthetrialhaven’tyetbeensharedpubliclyorpublishedinapeer-reviewjournal.Wecannotaccessthefulldataorexaminethetrialyet,andthereisalwaysamotivationforprivatecompaniestooverstatetheeffectivenessofnewdrugs.Trialresultsneedtobeassessedbyanindependentbodyofexperts.(作為一名學者，我在評估這種藥物時遇到的部分問題是，試驗的全部結(jié)果尚未公開分享，也沒有在同行評議期刊上發(fā)表。我們還無法獲得完整的數(shù)據(jù)或檢查試驗，而且私營公司總是有夸大新藥有效性的動機。試驗結(jié)果需要由一個獨立的專家機構(gòu)進行評估)”可推知，作者對新藥是懷疑態(tài)度。故選B。DNuclearbombs.That’sthego-toanswerforincomingspaceobjectslikeasteroids(小行星)andcometsasfarasHollywoodisconcerned.MovieslikeDeepImpactandArmageddonrelyonnuclearweapons,deliveredbystarslikeBruceWillis,tosavetheworldanddeliverthedrama.Butplanetarydefenseexpertssayinreality,ifastronomersspottedadangerousin-comingspacerock,thesafestandbestanswermightbesomethingmoresubtle,likesimplypushingitoffcoursebycrashingitwithasmallspacecraft.That’sjustwhatNASAdidonMondayevening,whenaspacecraftheadedstraightintoanasteroidcalledDimorphos,whichisaround7millionmilesawayandposesnothreattoEarth.It’sabout525feetacrossandorbitsanotherlargerasteroid.Inimagesstreamed(傳輸)asthecrashneared,theegg-shapedasteroidgrewinsizefromalittlespotonscreentohaveitsfullrockysurfacecomequicklyintofocusbeforethesignalwentdeadasthecrafthitrightontarget.Eventshappenedexactlyasengineershadplanned,theysaid,withnothinggoingwrong.“Asfaraswecantell,ourfirstplanetarydefensetestwasasuccess,”saidElenaAdams,themissionsystemsengineer,whoaddedthatscientistslookedonwith“bothterrorandjoy”asthespacecraftneareditsfinaldestination.ThecrashwasthepeakofNASA’sDoubleAsteroidRedirectionTest(DART),a7-yearandmorethan$300millioneffortwhichlaunchedaspacevehicleinNovemberof2021toperformhumanity’sfirst-evertestofplanetarydefensetechnology.Itwillbeabouttwomonths,scientistssaid,beforetheywillbeabletodetermineifthecrashwasenoughtodrivetheasteroidslightlyoffcourse,probablyshorteningitsoriginalorbit.NASAplanstolaunchanasteroid-huntingspacetelescopenamedNEOSurveyorin2026.“We’vetrackedlotsofspacerocks,especiallythelargeronesthatcouldcauseextinction-levelevents.Thankfully,nonecurrentlythreatenEarth.ButmanyasteroidsthesizeofDimorphoshaven’tyetbeendiscovered,andthosecouldpotentiallytakeoutacityiftheycamecrashingdown,”explainsLindleyJohnson,NASA’sPlanetaryDefenseOfficer.12.Whydoestheauthormentionthemovies?A.Tomakeaprediction. B.Toprovideapossibility.C.Tointroducethetopic. D.Tomakeacomparison.13.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A..Dimorphoscouldcauseextinction-levelevents.B.The7-yearprogramhasdrawnaconclusion.C.NEOSurveyorhastrackedlotsofspacerocks.D.NASApushedDimorphosbycrashing.14.WhichstatementdoesLindleyJohnsonmostpossiblyagreewith?A.LargerasteroidswillnotbeathreattoEarth.B.NASAshouldshouldertheresponsibilityforthecrash.C.NEOSurveyorisexpectedtodiscoverasteroidsthesizeofDimorphos.D.AsteroidslikeDimorphosaremoredestructivethanotherlargerones.15.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.Anintentionalcrashinspace B.AthreattoEarthfromasteroidsC.Thecontributiontospacesafety D.Theimpactofplanetarydefensetechnology【答案】12.C13.D14.C15.A【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了美國宇航局在周一晚上用一駕宇宙飛船沖向一顆名為Dimorphos的小行星，通過撞擊來讓小行星偏離軌道，以保護地球?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Nuclearbombs.That’sthego-toanswerforincomingspaceobjectslikeasteroids(小行星)andcometsasfarasHollywoodisconcerned.MovieslikeDeepImpactandArmageddonrelyonnuclearweapons,deliveredbystarslikeBruceWillis,tosavetheworldanddeliverthedrama.(核炸彈。這是好萊塢對小行星和彗星等飛來的太空物體的首選答案。像《深度撞擊》和《世界末日》這樣的電影依靠核武器，由布魯斯·威利斯等明星來拯救世界，并呈現(xiàn)出戲劇性)”以及第二段“Butplanetarydefenseexpertssayinreality,ifastronomersspottedadangerousin-comingspacerock,thesafestandbestanswermightbesomethingmoresubtle,likesimplypushingitoffcoursebycrashingitwithasmallspacecraft.(但行星防御專家表示，在現(xiàn)實中，如果天文學家發(fā)現(xiàn)了一顆危險的太空巖石，最安全、最好的答案可能是一些更微妙的方法，比如用一艘小型航天器撞擊它，讓它偏離軌道)”可推知，作者提到電影是為了引入文章話題。故選C。【13題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Inimagesstreamed(傳輸)asthecrashneared,theegg-shapedasteroidgrewinsizefromalittlespotonscreentohaveitsfullrockysurfacecomequicklyintofocusbeforethesignalwentdeadasthecrafthitrightontarget.(隨著撞擊的臨近，這顆蛋形小行星從屏幕上的一個小點逐漸變大，直到它的整個巖石表面迅速成為焦點，然后信號就消失了，因為飛船正好擊中了目標)”可推知，NASA通過撞擊來推動Dimorphos。故選D?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“NASAplanstolaunchanasteroid-huntingspacetelescopenamedNEOSurveyorin2026.“We’vetrackedlotsofspacerocks,especiallythelargeronesthatcouldcauseextinction-levelevents.Thankfully,nonecurrentlythreatenEarth.ButmanyasteroidsthesizeofDimorphoshaven’tyetbeendiscovered,andthosecouldpotentiallytakeoutacityiftheycamecrashingdown,”explainsLindleyJohnson,NASA’sPlanetaryDefenseOfficer.(美國宇航局計劃在2026年發(fā)射一架名為“近地天體勘測者”的小行星探測太空望遠鏡?！拔覀円呀?jīng)追蹤了很多太空巖石，尤其是那些可能導致滅絕級別事件的較大巖石。值得慶幸的是，目前還沒有威脅到地球。但許多像Dimorphos這樣大小的小行星還沒有被發(fā)現(xiàn)，如果它們墜落，它們可能會摧毀一座城市，”美國宇航局行星防御官林德利·約翰遜解釋說)”可知，林德利·約翰遜認為近地天體勘測者號有望發(fā)現(xiàn)Dimorphos大小的小行星。故選C。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)及第二段“Butplanetarydefenseexpertssayinreality,ifastronomersspottedadangerousin-comingspacerock,thesafestandbestanswermightbesomethingmoresubtle,likesimplypushingitoffcoursebycrashingitwithasmallspacecraft.(但行星防御專家表示，在現(xiàn)實中，如果天文學家發(fā)現(xiàn)了一顆危險的太空巖石，最安全、最好的答案可能是一些更微妙的方法，比如用一艘小型航天器撞擊它，讓它偏離軌道)”結(jié)合文章主要說明了美國宇航局在周一晚上用一駕宇宙飛船沖向一顆名為Dimorphos的小行星，通過撞擊來讓小行星偏離軌道，以保護地球?？芍珹選項“故意在太空墜毀”最符合文章標題。故選A。第二節(jié)共12.5分讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Outdoorplayisbeneficialforchildrenbeyondthephysicalactivityitprovides.Ithelpsthemsocialize,understandtheirbodiesbetter,engageinimaginativeplayandenjoytheoutdoors.____16____However,intoday’sbusyworld,itcanbedifficulttoschedulesomuchoutdoortimewithyourchild.But,itissomethingyoushouldprioritizebecauseitisreallyimportant.First,physicalactivityimprovesthehealthofyourchild.Itreducesthelikelihoodofobesity(肥胖)andweight-relatedhealthconcerns．____17____Outdoorplayalsoimprovesmentalhealthasaresultofphysicalactivity.____18____Schedulingtimetoactivelyplayoutdoorssetsanaturallimitontheamountoftimeyourchildcanspendwithadevice(suchasTV,smartphoneorvideogame).Itpromotesactiveengagementwiththeirpeers(同齡人)andthenaturalenvironment.Furthermore,outdoorplaycanimprovesleep,moodandsocialskills.Physicalactivityduringthedayhelpschildrensleepbetteratnight.____19____Perhapsthegreatesthealthbenefitisinachild’sabilitytolearnhowtoengagewithotherswhilehavingfun.Ithelpsthemgrowsocially,buildrelationshipsandsolveproblems.Knowingwhyoutsideplayisimportanttoyourchild’sdevelopmentisthefirststep.___20___Tofindideasforplacesyoucouldgoandactivitiesyoumaywanttotrywithyourfamily,visityourlocalparksandrecreationwebsiteorthevisitorcentersoftownsandcitiesnearwhereyoulive.Lookforthingslikepublicparks,zoos,botanicalgardensandwildlifecenters.A.Besides,itisabreakfromdevices.B.Next,outdoorplayencouragesadigitallifestyle.C.Thesearebecomingbiggerissuesforfamiliestoday.D.Knowingwheretogoisanotherstepintherightdirection.E.Itcanincreaseconcentrationandimprovemoodthenextday.F.Thebenefitsofoutdoorplaycanevenextendtosocialawareness.G.School-agedchildrenneedaboutthreehoursofoutdoorplayeachday.【答案】16.G17.C18.A19.E20.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了戶外活動對孩子的重要性以及好處?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Outdoorplayisbeneficialforchildrenbeyondthephysicalactivityitprovides.Ithelpsthemsocialize,understandtheirbodiesbetter,engageinimaginativeplayandenjoytheoutdoors.(戶外游戲除了提供體力活動外，還對孩子有益。它有助于他們社交，更好地了解自己的身體，參與富有想象力的游戲，享受戶外活動)”以及后文“However,intoday’sbusyworld,itcanbedifficulttoschedulesomuchoutdoortimewithyourchild.(然而，在當今繁忙的世界，很難安排這么多的戶外時間和你的孩子在一起)”可知，上文提到了戶外活動的好處，后文與本句構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，本句是在指出兒童需要的戶外時間，后文則提到了時間難以安排。故G選項“學齡兒童每天需要大約三個小時的戶外玩?！狈险Z境，故選G。17題詳解】根據(jù)上文“First,physicalactivityimprovesthehealthofyourchild.Itreducesthelikelihoodofobesity(肥胖)andweight-relatedhealthconcerns．(首先，體育活動可以改善孩子的健康。它降低了肥胖和體重相關(guān)健康問題的可能性)”可知，本句總結(jié)上文提到了肥胖和體重相關(guān)健康問題，故C選項“這些正在成為當今家庭面臨的更大問題”符合語境，故選C。【18題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Schedulingtimetoactivelyplayoutdoorssetsanaturallimitontheamountoftimeyourchildcanspendwithadevice(suchasTV,smartphoneorvideogame).Itpromotesactiveengagementwiththeirpeers(同齡人)andthenaturalenvironment.(安排時間在戶外積極玩耍會對孩子使用設(shè)備（如電視、智能手機或視頻游戲）的時間設(shè)置自然限制。這促進了與同齡人和自然環(huán)境的積極接觸。)”可知，戶外活動有助于孩子遠離電子設(shè)備，故A選項“此外，這是遠離電子設(shè)備的一段時間”符合語境，故選A?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Furthermore,outdoorplaycanimprovesleep,moodandsocialskills.Physicalactivityduringthedayhelpschildrensleepbetteratnight.(此外，戶外玩?？梢愿纳扑摺⑶榫w和社交技能。白天的體育鍛煉有助于孩子們晚上睡得更好)”可知，上文提到了戶外玩?？梢愿纳扑?、情緒，E選項中mood對應(yīng)上文mood。故E選項“它可以提高注意力，改善第二天的情緒”符合語境，故選E?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Knowingwhyoutsideplayisimportanttoyourchild’sdevelopmentisthefirststep.(了解為什么戶外游戲?qū)⒆拥陌l(fā)展很重要是第一步)”可知，上文提到了了解戶外游戲的重要性是第一步，可知本句是在說明接下來重要的是方向，故D選項“知道往哪里走是朝著正確方向邁出的又一步”符合語境，故選D。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)EveryyearI’dreadover2,000collegeapplicationsfromstudentsallovertheworld.Itisquite____21____tochoosewhomtoadmit.____22____,inthechaosofSATscoresandrecommendations,one____23____isalwaysirresistibleinacandidate：kindness.Themostsurprising____24____ofkindnessI’veever____25____camefromastudentwhohadexcellentscoresandasupportiverecommendationfromhiscollegecounselor(顧問).Evenwiththesequalifications,hemightnothave____26____.Butoneletterofrecommendationcaughtmyeye.Itwasfromaschoolsecurity____27____.Lettersofrecommendationaretypicallywrittenbypeoplelikeformerpresidents,celebrities,andOlympicathletes.Thesecurityguardwrotethathesupportedthisstudent’sadmissionbecauseofhis____28____.Thisyoungmanwastheonlypersonintheschoolwhoknewthenamesofeverymemberoftheguardstaff.Heturnedofflightsinemptyrooms,consistently____29____thehallwaymonitoreachmorningandtidieduptheclassroomafterhispeersleftschool____30____nobodywaswatching.Thisstudent,thesecurityguardwrote,hada(n)____31____respectforeverypersonattheschool,regardlessofposition,popularityorpower.Itgaveusa____32____ontoastudent’slifeinthemomentswhennothing“counted”.Thatstudentwasadmittedbyunanimous(一致的)voteoftheadmissionscommittee.Nextyeartheremightbeafloodofsecurityguardrecommendations____33____thisessay.Butifitmeansstudentswillstartpayingasmuch____34____tothepeoplewhocleantheirclassroomsastheydototheirprincipalsandteachers,I’mhappytohelpstartthat____35____.21.A.decent B.difficult C.delicate D.desperate22.A.However B.Otherwise C.Besides D.Therefore23.A.ability B.quality C.limitation D.assumption24.A.signal B.image C.appearance D.indication25.A.comeout B.pickup C.comeacross D.bringup26.A.stoodup B.stoodout C.givenup D.givenout27A.guard B.teacher C.principal D.counselor28.A.wisdom B.bravery C.encouragement D.consideration29.A.bothered B.answered C.visited D.thanked30.A.asif B.nowthat C.evenif D.inorderthat31A.demanding B.amusing C.refreshing D.puzzling32.A.passion B.trouble C.method D.window33.A.dueto B.inneedof C.exceptfor D.alongwith34A.money B.notice C.attention D.curiosity35.A.policy B.trend C.arrangement D.career【答案】21.B22.A23.B24.D25.C26.B27.A28.D29.D30.C31.C32.D33.A34.C35.B【解析】【導語】這