高中英語Module4GreatScientists試題（含解析）外研版必修4

Module4GreatScientists

悅讀教材話題

FiveFaithsofNewton—“TheGreatestScientistInHistory”

”人類歷史上最偉大的科學(xué)家”牛頓的五則信條

PatientlyThink

"IfIhavedonethepublicanyservice,itisduetomypatientthought.”

Wedon,tspendenoughtimepatientlythinking!AlbertEinsteinsaid,”

It'snotthatVmsosmart,it'sjustthatIstaywithproblemslonger."If

youwouldjustblockoutsometimedailyto"think”,youcouldsolvemanyof

yourproblems.YoucouldevensolvesomeoftheworldJsproblems.

耐心思考

”我之所以能夠為社會作出什么貢獻(xiàn)，這都要歸功于耐心的思考?！?/p>

我們總是不愿拿出足夠的時間耐心思考問題！艾爾伯特?愛因斯坦曾說

過：”我并不是天才，只是我比普通人思考問題的時間更長。”如果你能夠每

天抽出一部分時間“思考”，你的很多問題都將得到解決，你甚至可以解決一

些全球性的問題。

LabortobeTactful

"Tactistheartofmakingapointwithoutmakinganenemy."Solomon

said,“Agentleanswerturnsawaywrath,butaharshwordstirsupanger."We

canallpolishuponourtact,ourdiplomacy,ourdiscretion,ourdelicacy,and

ourgracefulness.Solomonwentontosay,"Likeapplesofgoldinsettingsof

3人力*."照友計""值silverisawordspokeninright

視UX趨付*在女力|舌circumstances,"labortobetactfulinall

youdo.

機(jī)智處世

“機(jī)智是一門藝術(shù)，它不僅能使你表達(dá)自己

的看法，還不會使你樹敵?！彼_門說過：”回

答柔和，使怒消退。言語暴戾，觸動怒氣。”通過機(jī)智圓滑的處世之道，不論是我們的交

際手腕、判斷力、韌性，還是行為舉止都將更加出色。所羅門還說過：”一句話說得合

宜，就如金蘋果在銀網(wǎng)子里，”時時處處機(jī)智處世。

BuildBridges

uWebuildtoomanywallsandnotenoughbridges.

TonyRobbinssaid,"Thequalityofyourlifeisthequalityofyour

relationships."Thisiswhyyoumustspendyourtimebuildingbridgesinstead

ofwalls.Whenwe"buildbridges"weareliterallybuildingabetterlife.

Whenwebuildwalls,wearestagnatingourowngrowth.JosephF.Newton

said,”Peoplearelonelybecausetheybuildwallsinsteadofbridges.

構(gòu)建橋梁

"我們心中修葺了太多圍墻，卻鮮有溝通彼此的橋梁。"

托尼?羅賓斯說過："人際關(guān)系決定一個人的生活質(zhì)量。"這

就是為什么你要花費時間來構(gòu)建通往他人心墻內(nèi)的橋梁，而不是圍

墻。當(dāng)我們構(gòu)建了橋梁，我們也就創(chuàng)造了更加美好的生活。而當(dāng)我

們只顧著搭建圍墻時，我們自身的發(fā)展也就停滯不前了。約瑟

夫?F.?牛頓說："人們感到孤獨，是因為他們在人與人之間筑了

墻，而不是搭了橋。

ChaseafterKnowledge

"IfIhaveseenfurtherthanothers,itisbystandingupontheshoulders

ofgiants."

There'snoneedtorecreatethewheel.Tomakeprogress,allyoumustdo

istobuildonwhatothershavealreadydone.Commencebylearningwhatothers

know.Whenyouchaseafterknowledge,youstrategicallypositionyourselfon

theshouldersofgiants;youarethenabletoseewhatotherscan,tsee.

追逐知識

"如果說我比別人看得更遠(yuǎn)，那是因為我站在巨人的肩膀上?！?/p>

沒必要自壘陣營，你只用在前人已有的基礎(chǔ)上不斷進(jìn)步就行。你可以從前人已知的開

始入手，當(dāng)你汲取知識的時候，你是有戰(zhàn)略性地站在巨人的肩膀上，這樣你能掌握他人不

了解的知識。

PursueTruth

Amanmayimaginethingsthatarefalse,buthecanonlyunderstand

thingsthataretrue,forifthethingsbefalse,theapprehensionofthemis

notunderstanding.

Wemustpursue"truth!"Therersananonymousquotethatgoes,“The

truthisheavy,thereforefewcaretocarryit."Beoneofthosefewwho

pursuetruthbothdayandnight.BlaisePascalsaid,"Onceyoursoulhasbeen

enlargedbytruth,itcanneverreturntoitsoriginalsize.

追求真理

"人類可能會猜測一些事情是錯誤的，但他只能夠明白這些

事是真實存在的，卻不明白它錯在哪兒，這便是人們對真理的不

理解。"

我們必須追求真理！有這樣一句諺語："真理沉重，因此少

有人承載它。"做一個每天都在追逐真理的人，布萊士?帕斯卡

（注：法國數(shù)學(xué)家）說："一旦你的靈魂被真理延伸，它絕不會

再回到最初的形態(tài)。"

悅背單元詞匯

I.核心單詞

l._n.人物

2.vt.出版

3.vt.支持

4.vt.取代；以……代替

5.vi.逃跑；逃避

6.adj.直的

7.n.生產(chǎn)者一_______________vt.生產(chǎn)一________n.生產(chǎn)

8.adj.主要的fvt.領(lǐng)導(dǎo)f_______________n.領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者

9._vt.教育一_n.教育一_n.教育者

10.______n.農(nóng)業(yè)f_________adj.農(nóng)業(yè)的

11.adj.原來的；最初的一n.起源

12.vt.出口_vt.進(jìn)口

13.n.數(shù)量_n.質(zhì)量

14.adj.簡短的；簡潔的一adv.簡短地，簡潔地

15.vi.畢業(yè)n.畢業(yè)生一n.畢業(yè)

16.n.爆炸；爆炸聲一vi.爆炸

H.重點短語

1.培養(yǎng)；養(yǎng)育

2.由于……的結(jié)果

3.因……而出名

4.謀生

5.掌權(quán)

6.bringin______________

7.thekeytodoingsth

8.experimentwith

9.convert...to...

10.attach...to..

參杏答案

I.核心單詞

1.figure2.publish3.support4.replace

5.escape

6.straight7.producer；produce；production8.leading；lead；leader

9.educate；education；educator10.agriculture；agricultural

11.original；origin

12.export；import13.quantity；quality

14.brief；briefly

15.graduate；graduation16.explosion；explode

II.重點短語

1.bringup2.asaresultof3.beknownfor4.earn

one*sliving5.cometopower

6.引進(jìn)；帶來7.做某事的關(guān)鍵8.對……進(jìn)行實驗9.把……轉(zhuǎn)化

10.把……系到……上

1.supportvt.支持；支撐；資助；供養(yǎng)n.支持；支撐物；幫助

Fromdawntodusk,heworkscountlesshourstosupportourfamily.從早到晚，為

了養(yǎng)活我們一家人，他工作的時間不計其數(shù)。

I歸納拓展I

supportsbin(doing)sth在某一方面支持某人

givesupportto支持，支援

cometoonessupport支持某人

insupportof

2.quantityn.數(shù)量；大量

It'salotcheaperifyoubuyitinquantity.如果你大量購買要便宜得多。

I歸納拓展I

alargequantityof大量的

largequantitiesof大量的；許多的

inquantity大量地

【名師點睛】

aquantityof/quantitiesof既可修飾可數(shù)名詞，也可修飾不可數(shù)名詞。aquantityof

+n.作主語時，謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于名詞，quantitiesof+n.作主語時，謂語動詞

用復(fù)數(shù)。

3.escapevi.逃跑，逃離；逃脫vt.避開；避免；被遺忘，被忽視n.逃離；逃脫

Hisheartbeatwildly,andwithoutthinkinghestartedtorunandluckily

escapedthecat4spaws（爪子）.他（老鼠）的心怦怦亂跳,趕緊逃竄，幸運地躲過了那只

貓的抓捕。

I歸納拓展I

(1)escapefrom逃跑；逃脫；從……逃走

escapedoingsth逃避、避開做某事

escapedeath/punishment死里逃生/逃脫懲罰

(2)makeanarrowescape九死一生，幸免于難

makeone'sescape逃跑

4.beknownfor因..而出名/聞名

Shangrilaisknownforitsquietnaturalscenery.香格里拉以其恬靜的自然風(fēng)光聞

名。

I歸納拓展I

beknownas作為....而出名

beknownto為...熟知

beknownby憑...而知

5.cometo/intopower掌權(quán)；執(zhí)政

Thepartycametopoweratthelastelection.這個政黨是在上次大選中當(dāng)選執(zhí)政的。

I歸納拓展I

inpower當(dāng)權(quán)，執(zhí)政

takepower掌權(quán)

havepowerover控制，支配

in/withinone'spower在某人的權(quán)力/力量之內(nèi)

beyondone'spower不能勝任；力所不能及

beinpowertodosth某人有權(quán)（有能力）做某事

核心句型剖析

1.Thetubeswereattachedtoalongstickwhichhelpedkeeptherocketmoving

inastraightdirection.管子都被綁到一根長木棍上，這有助于火箭徑直向前飛。

句中含有“keep+賓語+賓語補足語”結(jié)構(gòu)，意為”使……繼續(xù)處于某種狀態(tài)”，這里

keep為使役動詞。

"keep+賓語+賓語補足語”結(jié)構(gòu)中，賓語補足語可以是介詞短語、名詞、形容詞、分詞

等，但高考主要考查分詞，其用法如下：

⑴keep+賓語+過去分詞，過去分詞和賓語構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系。

⑵keep+賓語+現(xiàn)在分詞，現(xiàn)在分詞和賓語構(gòu)成主動關(guān)系。

2.Orwashecarriedmilesintospace,becomingtheworld,sfirstastronaut?

還是他被帶到了數(shù)英里之外的太空，成了世界上第一位宇航員？

現(xiàn)在分詞充當(dāng)結(jié)果狀語

3.Hethoughttherewasonlyonewaytodothis-bycrossingdifferentspecies

ofriceplant,andthenhecouldproduceanewplantwhichcouldgiveahigher

yieldthaneitheroftheoriginalplants?他認(rèn)為，唯一的辦法就是使不同種類的水

稻雜交，這樣才能培育出產(chǎn)量比原先任何一種水稻產(chǎn)量都要高的新品種。

awaytodosth/ofdoingsth做....的方法/方式

高考試題一

體裁題材詞數(shù)難度建議時間

說明文孩子玩耍與科學(xué)研究447★★★☆☆8，

(2016?浙江卷閱讀理解C篇)Ascientistworkingatherlabbenchandasix-

month-oldbabyplayingwithhisfoodmightseemtohavelittleincommon.After

all,thescientistisengagedinseriousresearchtouncovertheverynatureof

thephysicalworld,andthebabyis,well,justplaying…right?Perhaps,but

somedevelopmentalpsychologists(心理學(xué)家)havearguedthatthis"play”is

morelikeascientificinvestigationthanonemightthink.

Takeacloserlookatthebabyplayingatthetable.Eachtimethebowlof

riceispushedoverthetableedge,itfallstotheground一and,inthe

process,itbringsoutimportantevidenceabouthowphysicalobjectsinteract

(相互作用):bowlsofricedonotfloatinmid-air,butrequiresupportto

remainstable.Itislikelythatbabiesarenotbornknowingthisbasicfactof

theuniverse;noraretheyeverclearlytaughtit.Instead,babiesmayforman

understandingofobjectsupportthroughrepeatedexperimentsandthenbuildon

thisknowledgetolearnevenmoreabouthowobjectsinteract.Thoughtheir

rangesandtoolsdiffer,thebaby'sinvestigationandthescientistJs

experimentappeartosharethesameaim(tolearnaboutthenaturalworld),

overallapproach(gatheringdirectevidencefromtheworld),andlogic(aremy

observationswhatIexpected?).

Somepsychologistssuggestthatyoungchildrenlearnaboutmorethanjust

thephysicalworldinthisway一thattheyinvestigatehumanpsychologyandthe

rulesoflanguageusingsimilarmeans.Forexample,itmayonlybethrough

repeatedexperiments,evidencegathering,andfinallyoverturningatheory,

thatababywillcometoaccepttheideathatotherpeoplecanhavedifferent

viewsanddesiresfromwhatheorshehas,forexample,unlikethechild,Mommy

actuallydoesn,tlikeDovechocolate.

Viewingchildhooddevelopmentasascientificinvestigationthrowslight

onhowchildrenlearn,butitalsooffersaninspiringlookatscienceand

scientists.Whydoyoungchildrenandscientistsseemtobesomuchalike?

Psychologistshavesuggestedthatscienceasaneffort-thedesiretoexplore,

explain,andunderstandourworld-issimplysomethingthatcomesfromour

babyhood.Perhapsevolution（進(jìn)化）providedhumanbabieswithcuriosityanda

naturaldrivetoexplaintheirworlds,andadultscientistssimplymakeuseof

thesamedrivethatservedthemaschildren.Thesamecognitive（認(rèn)知的）

systemsthatmakeyoungchildrenfeelgoodaboutfiguringsomethingoutmay

havebeenadoptedbyadultscientists.Assomepsychologistsputit,"Itis

notthatchildrenarelittlescientistsbutthatscientistsarebigchildren."

50.Accordingtosomedevelopmentalpsychologists,.

A.ababy'splayisnothingmorethanagame

B.scientificresearchintobabies,gamesispossible

C.thenatureofbabies'playhasbeenthoroughlyinvestigated

D.ababy'splayissomehowsimilartoascientist'sexperiment

51.WelearnfromParagraph2that.

A.scientistsandbabiesseemtoobservetheworlddifferently

B.scientistsandbabiesofteninteractwitheachother

C.babiesarebornwiththeknowledgeofobjectsupport

D.babiesseemtocollectevidencejustasscientistsdo

52.Childrenmaylearntherulesoflanguageby.

A.exploringthephysicalworldB.investigating

humanpsychology

C.repeatingtheirownexperimentsD.observing

theirparents'behaviors

53.Whatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?

A.Theworldmaybemoreclearlyexplainedthroughchildren,splay.

B.Studyingbabies,playmayleadtoabetterunderstandingofscience.

C.Childrenmayhavegreaterabilitytofigureoutthingsthanscientists.

D.One,sdriveforscientificresearchmaybecomestrongerashegrows.

54.Whatistheauthor?stonewhenhediscussestheconnectionbetween

scientists'researchandbabies'play?

A.Convincing.B.Confused.C.Confident.

D.Cautious.

【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了孩子的玩耍和科學(xué)家的研究有共同

之處。

50.D【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的butsomedevelopmental

psychologists(心理學(xué)家)havearguedthatthis"play"ismorelikea

scientificinvestigationthanonemightthink可知，心理學(xué)家覺得孩子的

玩耍和科學(xué)家的研究有些相似，故選D。

51.D【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的overallapproach(gathering

directevidencefromtheworld)可知孩子也會像科學(xué)家一樣收集證據(jù)，故選

Do

52.C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段中的"Forexample,itmayonlybe

throughrepeatedexperiments,evidencegathering,andfinally

overturningatheoryu可知，孩子可以通過重復(fù)自己的實驗來學(xué)習(xí)語言的規(guī)

律，故選C。

53.B【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的HViewingchildhooddevelopmentasa

scientificinvestigationthrowslightonhowchildrenlearn,butitalso

offersaninspiringlookatscienceandscientists.”可知，研究孩子可以

讓人們更好地了解科學(xué)，故選B。

54.D【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)作者在文中的用詞appearto、用may來弱化絕對性

的表達(dá)及通過引用其他人的觀點Somepsychologistsuggestthat可知，作者的

語氣是謹(jǐn)慎的。故選D。

【名師點睛】

閱讀理解有時理解文章中的長難句是關(guān)鍵，理解不了這些句子就很難理解文章的大

意。下面我們分析一下這篇文章中的長句。

Forexample,itmayonlybethroughrepeatedexperiments,evidencegathering,

andfinallyoverturningatheory,thatababywillcometoaccepttheidea

thatotherpeoplecanhavedifferentviewsanddesiresfromwhatheorshehas,

forexample,unlikethechild,Mommyactuallydoesn'tlikeDovechocolate.例

如，可能只是通過反復(fù)實驗，收集證據(jù)，并最終推翻一個理論，一個嬰兒就會接受其他人

可以和他/她持有不同的意見和愿望這一觀點。例如，和孩子不同，媽媽實際上并不喜歡

德芙巧克力。

這句話使用了強調(diào)句，強調(diào)的是throughrepeatedexperiments,evidence

gathering,andfinallyoverturningatheory,這部分比較長，考生可能沒有注意到這

個句式。主干部分中idea后面是that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句，that在從句中不作成分；from

后面的whatheorshehas是賓語從句，what在從句中作has的賓語。

高考試題二

體裁題材詞數(shù)難度建議時間

議論文不為人知的科學(xué)家358★★★☆☆T

（2011?江蘇卷閱讀理解A篇）Weknowthefamousones一theThomasEdisonsand

theAlexanderGrahamBells—butwhataboutthelessfamousinventors?What

aboutthepeoplewhoinventedthetrafficlightandthewindshieldwiper（雨舌ij

器）？Shouldn,tweknowwhotheyare?

JoanMcLeanthinksso.Infact,McLean,aprofessorofphysicsatMountain

UniversityinRange,feelssostronglyaboutthismatterthatshe,sdeveloped

acourseonthetopic.Inadditiontolearning"who"invented"what",

however,McLeanalsolikesherstudentstolearntheanswerstothe"why"

and"how"questions.AccordingtoMcLean,“Whenstudentslearntheanswers

tothesequestions,theyarebetterpreparedtorecognizeopportunitiesfor

inventingandmoremotivatedtogiveinventingatry."

Herstudentsagree.Oneyoungmanwithapatentforanunbreakableumbrella

iswalkingproofofMcLean'sstatement.”IfIhadnotheardthestoryofthe

windshieldwiper'sinvention,"saidTommyLee,aseniorphysicsmajor,"I

neverwouldhavedreamedofturningmybadexperienceduringarainstorminto

somethingsoconstructive."Leeiscurrentlynegotiatingtosellhispatentto

anumbrellaproducer.

So,justwhatisthestorybehindthewindshieldwiper?Well,MaryAnderson

cameupwiththeideain1902afteravisittoNewYorkCity.Thedaywascold

andstormy,butAndersonstillwantedtoseethesights,soshejumpedaboarda

streetcar.Noticingthatthedriverwasstrugglingtoseethroughthesnow

coveringthewindshield,shefoundherselfwonderingwhytherecouldn'tbea

built-indeviceforcleaningthewindow.Stillwonderingaboutthiswhenshe

returnedhometoBirmingham,Alabama,Andersonstarteddraftingoutsolutions.

Oneofherideas,alever（操作桿）ontheinsideofavehiclethatwould

controlanarmontheoutside,becamethefirstwindshieldwiper.

Todaywebenefitfromcountlessinventionsandinnovations.It'shardto

imaginedrivingwithoutGarrettA.Morgan?strafficlight.It'sequally

impossibletopictureaworldwithoutKatherineJ.BlodgettJsinnovationthat

makesglassinvisible.Canyoupicturelifewithoutclearwindowsand

eyeglasses?

56.Bymentioning'*trafficlight"and"windshieldwiper”,theauthor

indicatesthatcountlessinventionsare.

A.beneficial,becausetheirinventorsarefamous

B.beneficial,thoughtheirinventorsarelessfamous

C.notuseful,becausetheirinventorsarelessfamous

D.notuseful,thoughtheirinventorsarefamous

57.ProfessorJoanMcLean'scourseaimsto.

A.addcolourandvarietytostudents'campuslife

B.informstudentsofthewindshieldwiper,sinvention

C.carryouttherequirementsbyMountainUniversity

I）,preparestudentstotrytheirowninventions

58.TommyLee'sinventionoftheunbreakableumbrellawas.

A.noteventuallyacceptedbytheumbrellaproducer

B.inspiredbythestorybehindthewindshieldwiper

C.duetohisdreamofbeingcaughtinarainstorm

D.notrelatedtoProfessorJoanMcLean,slectures

59.Whichofthefollowingcanbestserveasthetitleofthispassage?

A.HowtoHelpStudentstoSellTheirInventionstoProducers?

B.HowtoDesignaBuilt-inDeviceforCleaningtheWindow?

C.Shouldn,tWeKnowWhoInventedtheWindshieldWiper?

D.Shouldn,tWeDevelopInventionCoursesinUniversities?

【語篇解讀】本文主要講述了我們不僅要記住像交通燈和雨刮器這樣的發(fā)明，也要記

住發(fā)明這些東西的科學(xué)家或個人。

56.B【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文中所舉的事例和最后一段可知，作者提到像交通燈

和雨刮器這樣的發(fā)明是想告訴我們，這些發(fā)明的發(fā)明者雖然不是很有名，但是這

些發(fā)明對我們的生活是非常有益的，因此選擇B項。

57.D【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段的最后一句"Whenstudentslearnthe

answerstothesequestions,theyarebetterpreparedtorecognize

opportunitiesforinventingandmoremotivatedtogiveinventinga

try."可知，ProfessorJoanMcLean的課程的目的是幫助學(xué)生去自己發(fā)明、創(chuàng)

造，因此D項正確。

58.B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第三句可知TommyLee發(fā)明unbreakable

umbrella是受到了發(fā)明雨刮器背后的故事的激勵，因此選擇B項。

59.C【解析】標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文可知本文不是關(guān)于如何幫助學(xué)生銷售他們的發(fā)明

的，也不是關(guān)于如何設(shè)計一種裝置來清潔窗戶的，在大學(xué)

里開設(shè)有關(guān)發(fā)明的課程只是用來說明我們應(yīng)如何對待生活

中的小發(fā)明：我們應(yīng)把握發(fā)明的契機(jī)、去創(chuàng)造。故C項最

適合作為文章的標(biāo)題。

【試題分析】

本文講述的是與發(fā)明有關(guān)的文章，我們不僅要記住像交通

燈和雨刮器這樣的發(fā)明，也要記住發(fā)明這些東西的科學(xué)家

或個人，不管他們是不是著名。從題目設(shè)置來說，標(biāo)題歸

納題、細(xì)節(jié)理解題、推理判斷題在本試題中都有出現(xiàn)，詞

義猜測題、觀點態(tài)度題、寫作目的題并未在此試題中有所體現(xiàn)。

高考試題三

體裁題材詞數(shù)難度建議時間

人物傳記居里夫人的女兒艾琳?居里269★★☆☆☆6，

（2011?陜西卷閱讀理解B篇）MostpeopleknowthatMarieCurie

wasthefirstwomantowintheNobelPrize,andthefirst

persontowinittwice.However,fewpeopleknowthatshewas

alsothemotherofaNobelPrizewinner.

BorninSeptember,1897,IreneCuriewasthefirstofthe

Curies,twodaughters.Alongwithniceotherchildrenwhose

parentswerealsofamousscholars,Irenestudiedintheirown

school,andhermotherwasoneoftheteachers.Shefinished

herhighschooleducationattheCollegeofSevigneinParis.

IreneenteredtheUniversityofParisin1914toprepare

foradegreeinmathematicsandphysics.WhenWorldWarIbegan,Irenewentto

helphermother,whowasusingX-rayfacilities（設(shè)備）tohelpsavethelives

ofwoundedsoldiers.IrenecontinuedtheworkbydevelopingX-rayfacilitiesin

militaryhospitalsinFranceandBelgium.Ilerserviceswererecognisedinthe

formofaMilitaryMedalbytheFrenchgovernment.

In1918,Irenebecamehermother'sassistantattheCurieInstitute.In

December1924,FredericJoliotjoinedtheInstitute,andIrenetaughthimthe

techniquesrequiredforhiswork.Theysoonfellinloveandweremarriedin

1926.TheirdaughterHelenewasbornin1927andtheirsonPierrefiveyears

later.

Likehermother,Irenecombinedfamilyandcareer.Likehermother,Irene

wasawardedaNobelPrize,alongwithherhusband,in1935.Unfortunately,also

likehermother,shedevelopedleukemiabecauseofherworkwithradioactivity

（輻射能）.IreneJoliot-CuriediedfromleukemiaonMarch17,1956.

49.WhywasIreneCurieawardedaMilitaryMedal?

A.Becauseshereceivedadegreeinmathematics.

B.Becauseshecontributedtosavingthewounded.

C.BecauseshewontheNobelPrizewithFrederic.

D.Becausesheworkedasahelpertohermother.

50.WheredidIreneCuriemeetherhusbandFredericJoliot?

A.AttheCurieInstitute.B.Atthe

UniversityofParis.

C.Atamilitaryhospital.D.Atthe

CollegeofS6vign6.

51.WhenwasthesecondchildofIreneCurieandFredericJoliotborn?

A.In1932.B.In1927.C.In1897.

D.In1926.

52.InwhichofthefollowingaspectswasIreneCuriedifferentfromhermother?

A.Ireneworkedwithradioactivity.

B.Irenecombinedfamilyandcareer.

C.IrenewontheNobelPrizeonce.

D.Irenediedfromleukemia.

【語篇解讀】本文主要介紹了居里夫人的女兒艾琳?居里的故事。

49.B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段后三句可知，居里夫人的女兒艾琳?居里之所以

獲得軍人獎?wù)率且驗樗诰戎蝹麊T方面作出了很多貢獻(xiàn)。

50.A【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段前三句可知，艾琳?居里是在居里研究所遇到后

來成為她丈夫的弗雷德里克?約里奧。

51.A【解析】推理計算題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句可知，他們的第一個孩子出生于1927

年，第二個孩子是五年后出生的，也就是1932年出生的。

52.C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容可知，艾琳?居里與自己的母親有很多相

似之處，唯一不同的就是，她只獲得一次諾貝爾獎，而母親獲得過兩次。

【試題分析】

2011年陜西卷英語試題閱讀部分難度比較適中。本篇材料屬于人物傳記，對于這類材料大

家并不陌生。做題時，要注意把握人物的主要成就、主要事跡。

悅額典型模擬

I.閱讀理解

JohnSnowwasanEnglishphysicianandaleaderintheadoptionof

anesthesia（麻醉的）andmedicalhygiene（醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生）.Heisconsideredoneofthe

fathersofmodernepidemiology（流行病學(xué)），inpartbecauseofhisworkin

tracingthesourceofacholeraoutbreakinLondon,in1854.Hisfindings

inspiredfundamentalchangesinthewaterandwastesystemsofLondon,which

ledtosimilarchangesinothercities,andasignificantimprovementin

generalpublichealtharoundtheworld.

SnowwasbornMarch15,1813inYork,England.Hewasthefirstofnine

childrenborntoWilliamandFrancesSnowintheirNorthStreethome.His

neighbourhoodwasoneofthepoorestinthecityandwasalwaysindangerof

floodingbecauseofitsnearnesstotheRiverOuse.Hisfatherwasalabourer

whomayhaveworkedatalocalcoalyard,butlaterwasafarmerinasmall

villagetothenorthofYork.SnowwasbaptizedatAllSaints,Church,North

Street,York.

In1837SnowbeganworkingattheWestminsterHospital.Admittedasa

memberoftheRoyalCollegeofSurgeonsofEnglandonMay2,1838,hegraduated

fromtheUniversityofLondoninDecember1844andwasadmittedtotheRoyal

CollegeofPhysiciansin1850.In1850hewasalsooneofthefoundingmembers

oftheEpidemiologicalSocietyofLondon,formedinresponsetothecholera

outbreakof1849.

In1830SnowbecameamemberoftheTemperanceMovement,andlivedfora

decadeorsoasavegetarianandteetotaler.Inthemid-1840shishealth

decreased,andhereturnedtomeat-eatinganddrinkingwine.Hecontinued

drinkingpurewater（viaboiling）throughouthisadultlife.Henevermarried.

SnowsufferedastrokewhileworkinginhisLondonofficeonJune10,1858.

Hewas45yearsoldatthetime.Heneverrecovered,dyingonJune16,1858.He

wasburiedinBromptonCemetery.

1.JohnSnowisrecognizedasapioneerofstudyinginfectivediseasespartly

because.

A.hecontributedalottothemedicalhygiene

B.heworkedtofindacholeraoutbreakinLondon

C.hediscoveredthecauseofanepidemic

D.hechangedthewaterandwastesystemofLondon

2.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisnotmentionedaboutJohn

Snow?

A.Education.B.Childhood.C.Background.

D.Achievement.

3.Theunderlinedword"teetotaler”(Para.4)suggestsJohnSnowprobably

forabouttenyears.

A.drankteaa

lot

B.cutoutallalcohol

C.wasoff

meat

D.wasfondofpurewater

II.完形填空

AlbertEinsteinwasaGerman-borntheoreticalphysicist.It'suniversally

knownthathewasthe1oftheNobelPrizeinPhysics.Heisbestknownfor

his2ofrelativity,whichholdsthatmeasurements