新編大學(xué)英語教案-第四冊-Unit6

新編大學(xué)英語教案（4）Unit6RisksAimsofTeachingMasterthewordsdescribingsomeriskyactivitiesImprovethestudents’abilitiesofreadingcomprehensionandwritingKeyPointsIntroducingthemethodsoflocatingthekeysentenceofeachparagraphtosumupthewholetextLearningtoemploythefollowingkeywordsandphrasesintopractice.riskorotherplaythe/apartofonthestrengthofallmannerofposequestionsto..onvacationsfeedondefinitiveratherthanwhatifendupmaywellbeassociatedwithinotherwordsreduce…to…affordhaveafeelforinquestionbycontrastnotnecessaryversusdivide…by…turnoutbeopposedto…focusoneliminatesensiblepreferable(to)preoccupationwith…diefromstriketerrorin…bring…undercontrolcomealongthreatto…exposureto…showupbear…inmindhave/withamindtodo....beapttodo...beindifferentto...makesenseinthis/thatlightonthebasisofbyvirtueofclaimcompare…to…bareartificialconcentratecontriveinflict…on…inmanycasesevolvehavegroundsfor…asyetdependableemissionhaveagoodideaof…outsideone’scontrolraisedoubt(s)about…inresponsetonodoubtgreet…with...identify…as…qualify…as…allowforchancereflectionclosetoMethodsofTeachingUsingmulti-mediateachingequipmentGroup-DiscussionLivingperformanceTimeArrangement:1Preparation2-3In-ClassReading:RisksandYou4After-ClassReading5ExercisesUnit6RisksPartonepreparation1)TandSslistdifferentjobs,andthenSsdiscussthecorrespondingrisksJobs:nurse,psychiatrist,businessman,policeman,coalminer,lawyer,stockbroker,presidents,secretary,beggar,teacher,fighterpilot,accountant,footballplayer,interpreter,fireman,singer,civilservant,ambassador…Categorizethemintothreetypes:physicalones,financialones,emotionalones2)Whichactivityisriskier?Rockclimbing,workingonafarm,drivingacar,skiing,beinga65-year-oldman,flyinginanairplane,drivingamotorcycle,andskydiving3)Issuediscussion:DoyouthinkCET-4causesrisksinthestudents?Ifthereissome,whatarethey?(certificate,degree,emotionalinfluence)In-ClassReading:RisksandYou1.Wordsandexpressions1.orother:(usu.usedwithsomebody/something/somewhere,someday,somehow,etc.)expressinguncertaintyorvaguenessaboutaperson,thingorplace.a.Theboxissomewhereorotherinthekitchen.箱子在廚房的某個(gè)地方。b.Somehoworother,Johnmanagedtogetawell-paidjobinthebank.不管怎么說，約翰設(shè)法在銀行找到了一份待遇不錯(cuò)的工作。Cf.orrather:(usedwhenmakingastatementmoreaccurateorcorrect)更確切地說a.Westayedatmyfriend’shouse,orratheratmyfriend’sparents’house.我們住在我的朋友家，更確切地說，住在我朋友的父母家。b.Heismyrelative-orrathermyfather’scousin.他是我的親戚，更確切地說，是我父親的表兄。2.risk:(instanceofthe)possibilityofmeetingdangerorsufferingharm,loss,etc.遇險(xiǎn)；風(fēng)險(xiǎn)；受害a.Isanyriskofthebombexploding?有炸彈爆炸的危險(xiǎn)嗎？b.There’snoriskofherfailing/thatshe’llfail.她沒有失敗的危險(xiǎn)。Phrases:atrisk:threatenedbythepossibilityofloss,failure,etc;indanger處在危險(xiǎn)之中a.Thewholefutureofthecompanyisatrisk.這家公司的整個(gè)前途都處于危險(xiǎn)之中。b.Myjobisatrisk.(Imaylosemyjob.)我的工作處在危險(xiǎn)之中。attheriskof(doingsth.):withthepossibilityof(doingsth.)冒…的危險(xiǎn)；不顧…的危險(xiǎn)a.Attheriskofsoundingungrateful,Imustrefuseyouroffer.恕我不能領(lǐng)情，我必須拒絕你的意見。atrisktosb./sth.:withthepossibilityoflosingorinjuringsb./sth.冒著…的危險(xiǎn)a.Hesavedthechildatconsiderablerisktohimself/tohisownlife.他冒著極大的生命危險(xiǎn)救了那個(gè)孩子。runtherisk(ofdoingsth.):dosth.thatexposesonetoadanger,possibility,etc.做危險(xiǎn)的事；冒險(xiǎn)a.Wecan’truntherisk(oflosingallthatmoney).我們不能冒失掉那全部錢的危險(xiǎn)。b.Herunsmoreriskofbeingarrested.他冒著被逮捕的更大危險(xiǎn)。run/takearisk/risks:dosth.thatinvolvesthepossibilityoffailure,danger,etc.冒險(xiǎn)（做可能失敗、有危險(xiǎn)的事）a.Youcan’tgetrichwithouttakingrisks.你不冒險(xiǎn)就不能發(fā)財(cái)。Assignment:exercisesforin-classreading,after-classreadingAfter-ClassReadingPassageI:HealthRisksprefer:choosesth.ratherthansth.else;likesth.better較喜歡；更喜歡；寧愿Ipreferwalkingtocycling.我喜歡步行勝過騎自行車。Iwouldpreferteatocoffee.茶和咖啡，我更喜歡茶。Shepreferstobealone.她喜歡獨(dú)處。Theirfatherprefersthemtobehomeearly.他們的父親愿意他們早回家。Ipreferwalkingalone.我喜歡獨(dú)自散步。preferableadj.(notusedwithmore)moredesirableorsuitable；較合人意的；較好的Hefindscountrylifepreferabletolivinginthecity.他覺得住在鄉(xiāng)下比城里好。Anythingwaspreferabletothatdreadfulnoiseinthehouse.什么也比住房里那討厭的喧鬧聲好。showup:arrive,oftenafteradelay;appear到場（經(jīng)常在延誤一段時(shí)間后）；露面Itwasteno’clockwhenhefinallyshowedup.到十點(diǎn)鐘，他才露面。Wewerehopingforafullteamtodaybutonlyfiveplayersshowedup.我們原希望今天全隊(duì)人員到齊，但僅有五名選手到場。Cf.showoff:trytoimpressotherswithone’sabilities,wealth,intelligence,etc.炫耀；賣弄Dostopshowingoff—it’sembarrassing.千萬不要再賣弄了---那令人難為情。Thechilddancedaroundtheroom,showingofftoeverybody.那個(gè)孩子在屋內(nèi)各處跳舞，向每個(gè)人炫耀。differ:1)beunlike;notthesameassb./sth.不同；有異Thebrothersdifferwidelyintheirtastes.這兄弟幾個(gè)情趣大不相同。Inthisrespect,FrenchdiffersfromEnglish./FrenchandEnglishdiffer.在這方面，法語和英語不同。2)disagree;notsharethesameopinion不同意；意見不同I’msorrytodifferwithyouonthat.對(duì)不起，關(guān)于那個(gè)問題我和你看法不一致。Wedifferonmanythings.我們在很多事情上意見不同。differentadj.notthesame(assb./sth.)與…不一樣的Theirtastesaredifferentfrom/tomine.他們的情趣和我的不同。Heisverydifferentfrom/tohisbrother.他和他的兄弟大不相同。indifferent:havingnointerestinsb./sth.;notcaringaboutsb./sth.;neitherfornoragainstsb./sth.對(duì)…不感興趣的；漠不關(guān)心的；不重視的Howcanyoubeindifferenttothesufferingsofstarvingpeople?你對(duì)忍饑挨餓的人的苦難怎么能漠不關(guān)心？Someexplorersarequiteindifferenttothedangersoftheirjourney.有些探險(xiǎn)家對(duì)旅途中的危險(xiǎn)毫不介意。makesense:1)haveanunderstandablemeaning有意義；有道理Whatyousaymakesnosense.你的話沒有道理。Thesewordsdon’tmakesense.這些話毫無疑義。2)besensible明智的a.Itdoesn’tmakesensetobuythatexpensivecoatwhenthesecheaperonesarejustasgood.這些便宜的外衣質(zhì)量同樣好，偏要買那件貴的是不明智的。b.Itwouldmakesensetoleaveearly.早點(diǎn)走是明智的。Cf.makesenseof:understandsth.difficultorapparentlymeaningless弄懂a(chǎn).Canyoumakesenseofthesepoems?你讀得懂這首詩嗎？5.claim:1)demandorrequeststh.becauseitisoronebelievesitisone’srightorone’sproperty（根據(jù)權(quán)利）要求；認(rèn)領(lǐng)Sheclaimsownershipoftheland.她提出她對(duì)那塊土地?fù)碛兴袡?quán)。AftertheDuke’sdeath,hiseldestsonclaimedthetitle.公爵死后，他的長子要求承襲爵位。2)demandmoneyunderaninsurancepolicy,ascompensation,etc.索賠a.Youcanalwaysclaimfordamages.你永遠(yuǎn)都能要求賠償損失。3)stateordeclaresth.asafact(withoutbeingabletoproveit);assert聲稱；自稱Afterthebattlebothsidesclaimedvictory.戰(zhàn)斗之后雙方都宣稱取得了勝利。SheclaimstoberelatedtotheQueen.她自稱與皇后有親戚關(guān)系。4)(ofadisaster,anaccident,etc.)causethelossordeathofsb.（指災(zāi)難或事故）造成損失；招致傷亡a.Theearthquakeclaimedthousandsoflives/victims.地震致使幾千人死亡。PassageII:RisksfromNatureandTechnology1.cometo1)reachapointatwhichonerealizes,understands,believes,etc.終于認(rèn)識(shí)，明白相信等Shehadcometoseetheprobleminanewlight.她終于對(duì)這個(gè)問題有了新的認(rèn)識(shí)。Ihavecometobelievethatthegovernment’seconomicpolicyismisguided.我終于認(rèn)識(shí)到政府的經(jīng)濟(jì)政策有失誤。2)arriveataplacewherethespeakerorwriterisorataplacebeingreferredtobyhim到達(dá)；來到Theycametoariver.他們來到一條河邊。I’vecometocollectmybook./formybook.我來取我的書。cometonothing/notcometoanything:havenousefulorsuccessfulresult;beacompletefailure無效；毫無結(jié)果；一場空Allherplanshavecometonothing.她的計(jì)劃全盤落空了。Howsadthathiseffortsshouldcometonothing.他的努力毫無成效，多么令人傷心??！cometooneself:returntoone’snormalstate恢復(fù)正常；醒悟過來；恢復(fù)知覺a.Theshockmadeherhesitateforamomentbutshequicklycometoherself.震驚使她遲疑了一會(huì)兒，但是很快就恢復(fù)過來。evolve:1)causetodevelopnaturallyandusu.gradually（使）演化；（使）演變TheAmericanconstitutionwasplanned;theBritishconstitutionevolved.美國的憲法是按計(jì)劃制定的；而英國的憲法是自然演進(jìn)的。Hehasevolvedanewtheoryaftermanyyearsofresearch經(jīng)過多年研究，他.逐漸發(fā)展出一種新學(xué)說。2)(ofplants,animals,etc.)graduallydevelopfromasimpleformtoamorecomplexone進(jìn)化a.ManyVictorianswereshockedbythenotionthatManhadevolvedfromlowerformsoflife.許多維多利亞時(shí)代的人對(duì)人是從較低級(jí)生命形式進(jìn)化而來的見解感到震驚。3.nodoubt:veryprobably很可能a.Nodoubthemeanstohelp,butinfacthejustgetsintheway.無疑他原意是要幫忙，但事實(shí)上他正好礙事。without(a)doubt:certainly肯定地；無疑地a.HeiswithoutdoubttheclevereststudentI’veevertaught.毫無疑問，他是我所教過的最聰明的學(xué)生。beyonda/any/alldoubt:certainly肯定地；毫無疑問地a.Shewasbeyondalldoubtthefinestsingerofherday.毫無疑問，她是那個(gè)時(shí)代最杰出的歌唱家。doubt:v.feeluncertainaboutsth.;questionthetruthofsth.懷疑；不相信；拿不準(zhǔn)Idon’tdoubtthathe’llcome.(I’msurehewillcome.)我不懷疑他會(huì)來。Idoubtwhetherhe’llcome.我懷疑他是否能來。Idoubtifthatwaswhathewanted.我拿不準(zhǔn)那是不是他所需要的。4.reflect:1)(esp.passive)(ofamirror,etc.)makeavisibleimageofsb./sth;(ofasurface)throwback(light,heat,sound,etc.)（鏡中）反映出…的影象Helookedathisfacereflectedinthemirror.他看著自己在鏡中反映出的面孔。Themoonshineswithreflectedlight.月球是借反射陽光而發(fā)光的。2)showthenatureoforexpresssth.表達(dá)；表現(xiàn)…的性質(zhì)；與…一致Hersadlooksreflectedthenatureofherthoughts.她憂郁的面容反映她思想的特征。Theliteratureofaperiodreflectsitsvaluesandtastes.一個(gè)時(shí)期的文學(xué)反映該時(shí)期的價(jià)值和情趣。3)(nopassive)thinkdeeplyabout,orremindoneselfof,pastevents;consider思考考慮Ineedtimetoreflectonyouroffer.我需要時(shí)間來考慮你的建議。Shereflectedonhisargumentforalongtime.對(duì)他的論點(diǎn)她考慮了很長時(shí)間。reflection:n.thingreflected,esp.animageinamirror,stillwater,etc被反射或反映的物（尤指鏡中或靜水中的映象）a.Underthebrightmoonlight,peoplecanseethereflectionofthetreesinthelake.在明亮的月光下，人們可以看到湖中樹木的倒影。Cf.shade:(placewherethereis)comparativedarknessandoftencoolnesscausedbysth.blockingdirectlightorheat,esp.ofthesun蔭，蔭涼處a.Stayintheshade—it’scooler.呆在蔭涼處—那兒涼爽。b.Thetreesgivesomewelcomeshadefromthesun.綠樹遮住了陽光形成人們喜歡的蔭涼。shadow:(patchof)shadecausedbyanobjectblockingdirectraysoflight陰影，影子Thechaircastsashadowonthewall.椅子的影子投在墻上。Shadowsarelongerwhenthesunislowinthesky.太陽在天空中低時(shí)影子長。onreflection:afterreconsideringsth.再考慮后Onfurtherreflection,Isawthatshemightberight,afterall.經(jīng)過進(jìn)一步考慮我終于認(rèn)為她可能是正確的。Shedecided,onreflection,toaccepttheoffer.重新考慮后，她決定接受這建議。ImportantStructures1.Althoughthisisshort-sighted,itdoesmakesensetodiscountlong-termrisksmorethanshort-termones.(L19)2.Thatcriticismfailstoconsiderthefactthat…,badasthatis,mightsuggest.(L45)3.Putdifferently,findingacureforAIDSwouldbelikelytoaddabout25to30yearstothelifeofeachpotentialvictim.(L48)4.Otherthingsbeingequal,thesoonerariskcausesdamageordeath,themorethatriskistobeavoided.(L58)PassageII:RisksfromNatureandTechnology1.Ifwehavebeenableto…..,thatisbecausewehavebeencleverenoughtocontrivewaysofdelayingthedecay,disease,anddestructionthatisinflictedonusbynature.(L16)2.Ithasbeenestimatedthatweconsume10,000timesasmanynaturalpesticidesasartificialones.(L22)3.Infact,suchstudiesasthereareraisedoubtsaboutthecommonlyassumedrisksofsomepollutants.(L44)4.Toqualifyasapossiblehumancarcinogen,….evenallowingfordifferencesinbodyweight.(L55)Paraphrasethefollowingsentences:In-ClassReading:RisksandYou1.Somepeoplejusthavetohearaboutanewdiseaseandtheybegincheckingthemselvestoseeiftheymaybesufferingfromit.(L2)2.Ouruncertaintiesmultiplyindefinitely.(L8)3.Inboth,thefearoranxietyfeedsonpartialinformation.(L10)4.Again,inhead-oncollisions,itmaywellsaveyourlife.(20).5.Butthefactthattherearerisksassociatedwitheverythingwearegoingtododoesnot,orshouldnot,reduceustotremblingneurotics.(L25)6.Buthowmuchsafer?(L29)7.Ifyouarereckless,thenyouarenotlikelytobeafraidofhigherratiosunlesstheygetuncomfortablylarge.(L59)Translatet