中考英語(yǔ)人教版語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)項(xiàng)復(fù)習(xí) 專(zhuān)題四 代詞

中考英語(yǔ)人教版專(zhuān)項(xiàng)復(fù)習(xí)專(zhuān)題四代詞目錄01.解析02.模擬考題01解析圖解語(yǔ)法考點(diǎn)1

人稱(chēng)代詞、物主代詞與反身代詞人稱(chēng)代詞物主代詞反身代詞主格賓格形容詞性名詞性第一人稱(chēng)單數(shù)I1._____________________復(fù)數(shù)we2._________________________第二人稱(chēng)單數(shù)you3.___________________________復(fù)數(shù)you4._____________________________memyminemyselfusouroursourselvesyouyouryoursyourselfyouyouryoursyourselves人稱(chēng)代詞物主代詞反身代詞主格賓格形容詞性名詞性第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)he5._____________________she6.______________________it7._________________復(fù)數(shù)they8.______________________________補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明：請(qǐng)根據(jù)提示補(bǔ)全上表所缺信息。himhishishimselfherherhersherselfititsitsitselfthemtheirtheirsthemselves續(xù)表代詞it的常見(jiàn)用法1.指代上文中提到過(guò)的事物［2017.32］I

caught

the

ball

and

threw

it

back.我接住球，把它扔了回去。2.指代時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、距離、天氣、溫度等It

is

raining

outside.

外面在下雨。3.it常用于以下句型：①I(mǎi)t's+adj.（+for/of

sb.）+to

do

sth.

"做某事（對(duì)于某人來(lái)說(shuō)）是……的/（某人）做某事是……的"②It's

time

for/that/to

do...

"是（做）……的時(shí)間了"③It's

one's

turn

to

do

sth.

"輪到某人做某事"④It

seems

that..."好像……"⑤It

takes

（sb.）+一段時(shí)間+to

do

sth.

"做某事花費(fèi)（某人）多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間"it/one［2018.33］考點(diǎn)用法it指代上文中提到的同一事物one指代上文中提到的同類(lèi)事物中的一個(gè)（同類(lèi)不同物）請(qǐng)結(jié)合語(yǔ)境及代詞的用法試練如下題目：9.The

company

has

produced

some

new

electric

cars.

We

decide

to

buy

___.CA.them

B.that

C.one

D.it10.I

have

a

red

pen

and

________

writes

well.

So

I

plan

to

buy

another

________

for

my

brother.(

)

DA.it;

it

B.one;

it

C.one;

one

D.it;

one形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞的用法

形容詞性物主代詞修飾名詞，相當(dāng)于形容詞；名詞性物主代詞相當(dāng)于名詞，試比較：This

is

his

book.

My

book

is

over

there.=This

book

is

his.

Mine

is

over

there.這是他的書(shū)。我的書(shū)在那里。反身代詞的用法反身代詞常用作賓語(yǔ)，常見(jiàn)搭配如下：by

oneself

單獨(dú)；獨(dú)立地

dress

oneself

給自己穿衣服enjoy

oneself玩得愉快

help

oneself

（to）自己取teach

oneself=learn

sth.by

oneself自學(xué)【注意】解答該類(lèi)題目時(shí)，除了要考慮代詞的意義及固定用法外，還應(yīng)根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞，厘清人物關(guān)系及題目所要表達(dá)的信息。請(qǐng)結(jié)合語(yǔ)境試練如下題目：11.The

movie

is

quite

moving.

It

shows

parents'

love

for

___

children.CA.your

B.her

C.their

D.his12.No

one

taught

the

old

lady

how

to

use

WeChat.

She

learned

it

by

___.DA.yourself

B.myself

C.himself

D.herself考點(diǎn)2

指示代詞單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)用法thisthese表時(shí)間、空間上的"近指"thatthose表時(shí)間、空間上的"遠(yuǎn)指"試比較：①I(mǎi)

like

this

car

better

than

that

one

over

there.與那邊那輛車(chē)相比，我更喜歡這一輛。②These

are

animals

and

those

are

plants.

這些是動(dòng)物，那些是植物。請(qǐng)結(jié)合語(yǔ)境及代詞的用法試練如下題目：13.—What

are

___,

do

you

know?—I

think

they

are

smartwatches.CA.it

B.this

C.those

D.thatthat和those的用法1.that和those均可指代上文提及的內(nèi)容

that指代上文提及的可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞,those指代上文提及的可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，且二者均可用于比較結(jié)構(gòu)中。如：①The

values

of

today's

young

people

are

different

from

those

of

their

parents.

如今年輕人的價(jià)值觀與他們父母的不同。②

The

weather

in

Beijing

is

colder

than

that

in

Guangzhou

in

winter.

在冬天，北京的天氣比廣州的冷。2.that可用在電話用語(yǔ)中

在電話用語(yǔ)中，this指代自己，that指代對(duì)方?！猅his

is

Jill.

Who's

that？我是吉爾。你是哪位？—Hey,

Jill.

This

is

Mary.

嘿，吉爾。我是瑪麗?？键c(diǎn)3

不定代詞普通不定代詞

常考的易混淆的普通不定代詞主要有以下幾組：1.some/any考點(diǎn)用法例句some表示"一些"，一般用于肯定句中You'll

find

some

there.你會(huì)在那里找到一些。在一些表示委婉地提議或請(qǐng)求的疑問(wèn)句中，可用someWhy

not

have

some?

為什么不來(lái)一點(diǎn)呢？any表示"一些（人或事物）"，一般用于疑問(wèn)句或否定句中I

need

some

salt;

there

isn't

any

left.我需要一些鹽，已經(jīng)用光了。表示"任一"，常用于肯定句中I'll

take

any

you

don't

want.你不要的我拿走。2.many/much/（a）

few/（a）

little考點(diǎn)用法例句many許多;很多a

few一些;幾個(gè)（肯定）few幾乎沒(méi)有（否定）指代可數(shù)名詞I've

read

a

few

of

her

books.我讀過(guò)她的幾本書(shū)。much許多;很多a

little一點(diǎn)（肯定）little幾乎沒(méi)有（否定）指代不可數(shù)名詞—It'll

taste

better

with

some

sugar.

Let's

add

a

little.

有點(diǎn)糖，味道會(huì)更好。我們加點(diǎn)吧?！狟ut

there

is

little

in

the

jar.

但罐子里幾乎沒(méi)糖了。3.the

other/others/the

others/another考點(diǎn)用法例句the

other特指"兩個(gè)中的另一個(gè)"，常與one連用，構(gòu)成"one...，the

other..."I

have

two

uncles.

One

is

a

teacher

and

the

other

is

a

doctor.

我有兩個(gè)叔叔。一個(gè)是老師，另一個(gè)是醫(yī)生。others泛指"其他的（人或物）",相當(dāng)于"other+復(fù)數(shù)名詞"，不能作定語(yǔ)，常與some連用，構(gòu)成"some...，others..."Some

like

baseball，

and

others

like

football.一些人喜歡棒球，而另一些人喜歡足球。考點(diǎn)用法例句the

others特指"其余所有的（人或物）"，相當(dāng)于"the

other+復(fù)數(shù)名詞"，不能作定語(yǔ)I

don't

like

this

one,

and

show

me

the

others.

我不喜歡這個(gè)，把其余的都拿來(lái)給我看看吧。another泛指"（不定數(shù)目中的）另一個(gè)"I

don't

like

this

dress.

Show

me

another.

我不喜歡這條裙子。讓我看看另一條吧。續(xù)表4.either［2014.45］/neither［2016.33］/both/all/none考點(diǎn)用法

與兩者相關(guān)either表示"（兩者中的）任何一個(gè)"，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)neither表示"兩者都不"，可與of連用，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)both表示"兩者都"，可與of連用，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)與三者及以上相關(guān)all表示"（三者或三者以上）全部"，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)受其后名詞的影響none表示"（三者或三者以上中）沒(méi)有一個(gè)"【注意】上述這組辨析是安徽中考的常考考點(diǎn)，解答含此類(lèi)考點(diǎn)的題目時(shí)，要在辨析詞義的基礎(chǔ)上，關(guān)注語(yǔ)境所暗含的指代關(guān)系，鎖定關(guān)鍵詞，從而做出正確的判斷。請(qǐng)?jiān)嚲毴缦骂}目：14.—Where

will

you

go

on

vacation,

Kunming

or

Sanya?—___

is

possible.

It's

up

to

my

mom.BA.Both

B.Either

C.None

D.All15.—Which

one

do

you

want,

apple

juice

or

orange

juice?—___.

A

glass

of

water

is

exactly

what

I

want.CA.Both

B.Either

C.Neither

D.None16.—Which

of

these

two

ties

will

you

take?—I'll

take

___

so

that

I

can

change

sometimes.BA.either

B.both

C.neither

D.all17.—All

the

volunteers

were

very

tired,

but

___

of

them

had

a

rest.—They

were

busy

helping

the

firemen.DA.both

B.neither

C.all

D.none復(fù)合不定代詞初中階段常見(jiàn)的復(fù)合不定代詞：-onesomeoneanyoneeveryoneno

one-bodysomebodyanybodyeverybodynobody-thingsomethinganythingeverythingnothing1.復(fù)合不定代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)①Someone

is

knocking

at

the

door.

有人在敲門(mén)。②Nothing

is

impossible

to

a

willing

heart.

世上無(wú)難事，只怕有心人。2.復(fù)合不定代詞+形容詞/else當(dāng)形容詞或else修飾復(fù)合不定代詞時(shí)，形容詞或else必須放在復(fù)合不定代詞之后。如：I

found

something

interesting

in

English

learning.

我發(fā)現(xiàn)英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的有趣之處了。?？嫉膹?fù)合不定代詞辨析考點(diǎn)用法

something［2019.33］意為"某事；某物"，常用于肯定句中；還可以用在表示邀請(qǐng)、請(qǐng)求或希望得到肯定回答的疑問(wèn)句中anything意為"某事；某物"時(shí)，通常用在否定句或疑問(wèn)句中；還可以用在肯定句中，此時(shí)表示"任何事情；任何東西"nothing［2022.22］意為"沒(méi)有任何東西；沒(méi)有任何事"，相當(dāng)于not...anything考點(diǎn)用法

everything意為"所有東西；每件事"somebody意為"某人"nobody［2020.26;2016.49］意為"沒(méi)有人"【注意】復(fù)合不定代詞的辨析是安徽中考的?？伎键c(diǎn)，請(qǐng)結(jié)合語(yǔ)境及復(fù)合不定代詞的用法，試練如下題目：續(xù)表18.Will

you

come

over

to

my

home?

I

have

___

special

to

show

you.DA.anything

B.everything

C.nothing

D.something19.—Look！Our

hall

looks

clean

and

tidy.—Yeah,

___

has

cleaned

it.AA.somebody

B.anybody

C.everybody

D.nobody20.___

is

allowed

to

swim

in

this

river

because

it

could

be

very

dangerous.DA.Somebody

B.Anybody

C.Everybody

D.Nobody考點(diǎn)4

疑問(wèn)代詞考點(diǎn)用法例句who對(duì)人稱(chēng)代詞主格和賓格進(jìn)行提問(wèn)Who

sits

in

front

of

you?誰(shuí)坐在你的前面？whom對(duì)人稱(chēng)代詞賓格進(jìn)行提問(wèn)Whom

are

you

waiting

for?你在等誰(shuí)？whose對(duì)物主代詞進(jìn)行提問(wèn)Whose

ball

are

you

going

to

borrow?

你打算借誰(shuí)的球？考點(diǎn)用法例句what［2015.31］對(duì)具體內(nèi)容進(jìn)行提問(wèn)What

are

they

talking

about？他們?cè)谡務(wù)撌裁矗縲hich對(duì)指定范圍內(nèi)的"哪個(gè)"進(jìn)行提問(wèn)Which

movie

do

you

prefer？你更喜歡哪一部電影？續(xù)表1.所有疑問(wèn)代詞均可用作連接詞，引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。①I(mǎi)

don't

know

who

will

come.

我不知道誰(shuí)會(huì)來(lái)。②No

one

knows

what

will

happen.

沒(méi)人知道將會(huì)發(fā)生什么。③Do

you

know

which

is

right?

你知道哪個(gè)是對(duì)的嗎？含what的常考句型（1）詢(xún)問(wèn)意見(jiàn)：①What

about...？

……怎么樣?②What

do

you

think

of...？

你認(rèn)為……怎么樣？③What

would

you

like

to...？

你想……？（2）詢(xún)問(wèn)職業(yè)［2015.31］：What

is

sb.?=What

does

sb.

do?

某人是做什么的？（3）詢(xún)問(wèn)外貌：What

does

sb.

look

like?

某人長(zhǎng)什么樣？（4）詢(xún)問(wèn)性格：What

is

sb.

like？

某人怎么樣？（5）詢(xún)問(wèn)天氣：What

is

the

weather

like？天氣怎么樣？2.疑問(wèn)代詞（除what

外）可用作關(guān)系代詞，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。

①Here

is

the

man

who

you

want

to

see.

你想見(jiàn)的人在這里。②I

prefer

the

book

which

is

educational.

我更喜歡具有教育意義的書(shū)。語(yǔ)境小測(cè)★人稱(chēng)代詞1.—Hi,

Bob!

I

plan

to

fly

kites

in

the

park

this

Sunday.

Will

you

come?—Good

idea!

Remember

to

call

___

then.BA.you

B.me

C.her

D.him2.The

couple

have

a

daughter.

They

called

___

Amy.AA.her

B.him

C.you

D.me3.—This

is

Tom's

English

book.

Where's

___?—Look,

here

it

is.

Your

name

is

on

it.CA.his

B.yours

C.mine

D.hers★不定代詞4.—Several

excellent

Chinese

films

will

be

shown

during

the

National

Day

holidays.—Really?

Let

me

check

them

online.

I

don't

want

to

miss

___.BA.it

B.any

C.none

D.one5.There

was

___

to

eat

at

home,

so

I

went

out

to

get

some

food.BA.anything

B.nothing

C.something

D.everything6.—Four

children

were

walking

under

a

small

umbrella.

___

of

them

got

wet.

Can

you

guess

why?—Because

it

was

not

raining!BA.All

B.None

C.Most

D.Some★其他代詞7.The

gravity

on

Mars（火星上的重力）

is

only

about

three

eighths

of

___

on

the

Earth.AA.that

B.those

C.one

D.ones8.—Liz,

___do

you

want

to

thank

most?—Mr.

Liu.

I

won't

pass

this

exam

without

his

help.BA.how

B.who

C.what

D.when語(yǔ)篇提升

閱讀短文，從方框中選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空，使短文通順、意思完整。每空限填一詞。others

their

him

it

we

mine

one

her

Today,

working

out

through

online

videos

becomes

popular.

Since

the

Internet

is

widely

used,

1.___

is

very

easy

for

us

to

do

so.

That

means

2.____

can

work

out

anywhere

and

anytime.itwe

3._____

of

my

friends,

Lin

Fei,

followed

short

workout

videos

to

do

daily

exercise.

She

said

with

live

programs,

she

felt

like

working

out

with

4._____

friends.

It

encouraged

her

to

hold

on

to

the

last

minute.

Another

friend

of

5.______,

Michael,

told

me

that

workout

videos

let

6._____

feel

so

comfortable.

"I

dislike

working

out

at

the

gym

（健身房）,

because

I

don't

like

being

watched

by

7._______,"

he

said.

With

8.______

examples,

I

decided

to

follow

an

online

workout

program.

After

the

first

period

of

training,

I

felt

it

really

helpful.Oneherminehimotherstheir02模擬考題單項(xiàng)填空1.[2023成都中考改編]

—Gina,

have

you

seen

my

textbook?—Oh,

sorry.

I

took

___

by

mistake.BA.mine

B.yours

C.hers

D.ours2.[2023云南中考]

The

boy

is

from

Yunnan,

and

___

name

is

Li

Hua.AA.his

B.her

C.their

D.your3.Three

Chinese

astronauts

were

sent

into

space

and

___

journey

will

last

about

180

days.DA.our

B.your

C.his

D.their4.Learning

is

a

lifelong

journey.

We

have

enough

time

to

learn

to

perfect

___.AA.ourselves

B.themselves

C.yourselves

D.himself5.[2023瀘州中考]

—There

are

two

books

about

Chinese

traditional

tea-making

culture.—You're

free

to

take

___

of

them

and

leave

one

for

me.BA.all

B.either

C.neither

D.none6.[2023本溪中考]

I

tried

to

buy

the

dictionary

in

two

bookstores,

but

___

of

them

had

it.CA.both

B.all

C.neither

D.none7.—Where

is

Sarah？Did

you

see

her？—Oh,

I

saw

___

talking

with

her

at

the

door.BA.anybody

B.somebody

C.everybody

D.nobody8.—In

this

book,

it

says

it

is

no

use

keeping

an

English

diary

every

day.