人教版必修5-Unit1Grammar課件

GrammarPart6過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)一、過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)[觀(guān)察]仔細(xì)觀(guān)察下列幾組句子中過(guò)去分詞的用法,然后加以總結(jié)。1.Buthebecameinspiredwhenhethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeopleexposedtocholera.2.Somanythousandsof

terrifiedpeoplediedeverytimetherewasanoutbreak..3.WiththisextraevidenceJohnSnowwasabletoannouncewithcertaintythatpolluted

watercarriedthevirus.4.Isthereanyoneinjured?1.過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí),表示動(dòng)作在___________之前發(fā)生,已經(jīng)完成并往往具有______的意思(見(jiàn)例句3)。此時(shí),作定語(yǔ)的過(guò)去分詞一般是由______動(dòng)詞變來(lái)的,因?yàn)橹挥写祟?lèi)動(dòng)詞才有被動(dòng)意義。[總結(jié)]及物動(dòng)作謂語(yǔ)被動(dòng)一、過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)

1.前置定語(yǔ)歸納1：?jiǎn)蝹€(gè)的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常放在被修飾的名詞_______。之前單個(gè)過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)，常放在被修飾詞的前面;過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)，常放在被修飾詞的后面。Englishisawidelyusedlanguage.Thisisoneoftheschoolsbuiltin1980.3.過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)位置apicturepaintedbyLeonardodaVinciawomandressedinwhite2.過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)：通常_____，其作用相當(dāng)于定語(yǔ)從句。1)It’sapicture_______________paintedbyLeonardodaVinci2)Therewasawoman____________dressedinwhitethat/whichwasthat/whowas后置單個(gè)過(guò)去分詞修飾something,everything,anything,nothing,somebody,nobody，those

等不定代詞時(shí)，也要放在這些詞后面。Nothingreported(inthenewspaper)interestedhim.教育定語(yǔ)

→Theinjuredboy

cannottakepartinthesportsmeet.AllbookswhichwereborrowedfromthelibraryshouldbereturnedbyFriday.Example

Theboywhoisinjuredcannottakepartinthesportsmeet.→Allbooksborrowedfromthelibrary

shouldbereturnedbyFriday.位于系動(dòng)詞后，不表示“被動(dòng)”或“完成”，而是表示主語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)、特點(diǎn)或思想感情等。相當(dāng)于形容詞1.Theyareexcited.2.Helookedworriedafterreadingthe

letter.3.Whenweheardofthis,weweredeeplymoved.二.過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)系動(dòng)詞的分類(lèi)：“似乎類(lèi)”：“感覺(jué)類(lèi)”：

“變成類(lèi)”：“仍然類(lèi)”：基本形式：Be(am,is,are)seem,appear,lookfeel,sound,smell,tastebecome,go,get,grow,fall,turnremain,stay,keep4.過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)1.用作表語(yǔ)的過(guò)去分詞被動(dòng)意味很弱，主要表示動(dòng)作的完成和狀態(tài)，此時(shí)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)形容詞。2.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的過(guò)去分詞被動(dòng)意味很強(qiáng),句子主語(yǔ)為動(dòng)作的承受者，后面常跟by短語(yǔ)。①Theglasswasbroken.TheglasswasbrokenbyTom.②Thewindowsareclosed.ThewindowsareclosedbyJack.狀態(tài)動(dòng)作動(dòng)作狀態(tài)[辨析]:

過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)與被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的區(qū)別：前者表示主語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)和特征,可被very修飾;而后者則表示動(dòng)作,不能被程度副詞very修飾。試比較：

MissGreenwasverypleasedwiththedishwhichwascookedbyherself.(wasverypleased)是系表結(jié)構(gòu);而wascooked是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),表動(dòng)作,不能把very放在cooked之前。

過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)與動(dòng)詞-ing作表語(yǔ)的區(qū)別：過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ),表示被動(dòng)或完成,有時(shí)表示主語(yǔ)(人)所處的心理狀態(tài);而動(dòng)詞-ing作表語(yǔ),表示主動(dòng)或進(jìn)行。如：Mr.Smithwasverytiredofthespeechthatwasboring.[辨析]:同步作業(yè)一、單句填空

1.Withthegovernment’said,those________(affect)bytheearthquakehavemovedtothenewsettlements.2.Thetrees_______(blow)downinthestormhavebeenmovedofftheroad.blownaffected3.Therewasnobody_______(injury).4.Mostoftheartists_______(invite)tothepartywerefromShanghai.5.Globalwarming,onceadistantthreat,isbecominga___________realityandpeopleinsomepartsoftheworldarereally__________(frighten).frightenedinjuredinvitedfrightening6.Sarah,hurryup.I’mafraidyouwon’thavetimetoget_________(change)beforetheparty.7.IhadtoborrowapenfromJack,forminewas_____(lose).lostchanged8.Theyarecleaningthe______(fall)leavesintheyard.9.Hefeltvery_________whenheheardthe_____________result.(disappoint)10.Sheremained__________(marry)allherlifeandlivedalonelylife.unmarriedfallendisappointeddisappointing二、語(yǔ)篇填空用

Thereisnodoubtthatthe21stcenturywillbemarkedbyaburstofnewscienceandtechnologysuchascloning(克隆)andtheInternetfillsourheartwithdelightaswellasawe.Futuredevelopmentofscienceandtechnologywillbringuswithbothbenefitsandproblems.1______(be)sure,wehumanbeingswillenjoythefruitof2_________(advance)scienceandtechnology.3__________(consider)thecaseofcloning.解析：1.tobesure誠(chéng)然。解析：2.過(guò)去分詞advanced當(dāng)前置定語(yǔ),“先進(jìn)的”。解析：3.此處應(yīng)構(gòu)成一個(gè)祈使句,引出下文,故填動(dòng)詞原形。TobeadvancedConsiderItopensmany4_______(excite)possibilities,fromsaving5_________(endanger)animalspeciesto6________(produce)organsfo