適用于新高考新教材天津?qū)０?024屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪總復(fù)習(xí)選擇性必修第三冊(cè)Unit5Learningfromnature課件外研版

選擇性必修第三冊(cè)Unit5

Learningfromnature英語(yǔ)通詞句基礎(chǔ)自測(cè)[必背寫作詞匯]教材單詞1.

adj.極好的,出色的

2.

n.(學(xué)科的)知識(shí)前沿

3.

v.播(種)

4.

v.鞠躬

5.

adj.農(nóng)村的,鄉(xiāng)村的

6.

adj.可接受的,相當(dāng)好的

7.

n.舒適,悠閑

8.

v.得到,獲得superb

frontier

sow

bow

rural

decent

ease

attain[識(shí)記閱讀詞匯]1.lotusn.

2.termiten.

3.moundn.

4.algaen.

5.tilen.

6.mimicv.

7.waterfrontn.

8.promenaden.

9.plumbingn.

蓮花,荷花白蟻土堆,土丘藻類(植物)

瓦片模仿濱水地區(qū)濱海步行道管道系統(tǒng)10.biomimicryn.

11.dioxiden.

12.pondn.

13.batn.

14.radarn.

15.swimsuitn.

16.dragonflyn.

17.dronen.

18.spidern.

仿生學(xué)

二氧化物池塘蝙蝠雷達(dá)游泳衣蜻蜓

無(wú)人駕駛飛機(jī)蜘蛛19.physiciann.

20.superficiallyadv.

21.cottagen.

22.domesticadj.

23.lanen.

24.atopprep.

25.mulberryn.

26.botanicaladj.

醫(yī)生表面(上)地鄉(xiāng)村小屋馴養(yǎng)的;家養(yǎng)的(鄉(xiāng)間的)小路在……頂上桑葚;桑樹植物(學(xué))的[構(gòu)織連脈詞匯]1.

n.

建筑師→

n.建筑學(xué)→

adj.建筑學(xué)的,建筑方面的

2.

v.使轉(zhuǎn)變;使轉(zhuǎn)換→

n.轉(zhuǎn)變,轉(zhuǎn)換

3.

n.智慧→

adj.明智的;英明的

4.

v.使用,運(yùn)用→

n.雇主→

n.雇員;雇工→

n.雇用;使用;就業(yè)→

n.失業(yè)→

adj.失業(yè)的

5.

adv.不慌不忙地,從容不迫地→

adj.故意的,蓄意的;從容不迫的

architectarchitecturearchitectural

convertconversionwisdomwise

employemployeremployeeemploymentunemploymentunemployed

deliberatelydeliberate6.

v.退出→

n.撤走;收回,取回;提款,取款

7.

adj.抑郁的→

v.使抑郁,使沮喪→

n.沮喪,抑郁癥→

adj.沮喪的→

adj.令人抑郁的,令人沮喪的

8.

adj.不情愿的;勉強(qiáng)的→

adv.不情愿地,勉強(qiáng)地

9.

v.離開(kāi)→

n.離開(kāi),出發(fā)

10.

n.純潔;潔凈→

adj.純粹的,干凈的;純真的;純正的

withdrawwithdrawal

depressivedepressdepressiondepresseddepressing

reluctantreluctantly

departdeparture

puritypure

11.

v.使自己順從于(做)某事;安于→

adj.逆來(lái)順受的,順從的;無(wú)可奈何的→

n.辭職;辭呈

12.

v.拒絕接受→

n.拒絕;否決

13.

n.滿足(感)→

v.履行

14.

v.評(píng)估,評(píng)價(jià)→

n.評(píng)估

resignresignedresignationrejectrejection

fulfilmentfulfil

evaluateevaluation常用短語(yǔ)1.

認(rèn)為……理所當(dāng)然

2.

一個(gè)……的例子

3.

把……轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)?/p>

4.

回應(yīng),響應(yīng)

5.

與……協(xié)調(diào)一致,與……和諧相處6.

尋求解決方法7.

從……中獲取靈感

8.

作為對(duì)……的回報(bào)

take...forgranted

anexampleof

orespondto

inharmonywith

seeksolutionstotakeinspirationfrom

inreturnfor

9.

汲取,吸取

10.

反對(duì)

11.

對(duì)……的反應(yīng)12.

離開(kāi),從……退出

13.

屈從于,使順從于

14.

不拘束,放松

draw...from

beopposedto

reactionto

withdrawfromresignoneselfto

ateasewith重點(diǎn)句型1.Infact,wearesousedtothemthatwemayeventakethemforgrantedwithoutrealisinghowmuchinspirationtheyhavegivenus.【嘗試翻譯】

【考點(diǎn)凝練】so...that...引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句

事實(shí)上,我們已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了它們的存在,甚至可能把它們視為理所當(dāng)然,沒(méi)有意識(shí)到它們給了我們多少靈感。2.PeoplewhoseinterestisexploringtherelationshipbetweenartandsciencewillenjoySingapore'sArtScienceMuseum.【嘗試翻譯】

【考點(diǎn)凝練】whose引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句

對(duì)探索藝術(shù)與科學(xué)的關(guān)系感興趣的人會(huì)樂(lè)于參觀新加坡的藝術(shù)科學(xué)博物館。

3.Shaped

to

resemble

a

lotus

flower,itappearstofloatabovethewaterfrontpromenadeandthewaterthatsurroundsit.【嘗試翻譯】

【考點(diǎn)凝練】過(guò)去分詞(短語(yǔ))作狀語(yǔ)

它的形狀像一朵蓮花,漂浮在海濱長(zhǎng)廊和周圍的水面上。

4.NowhereisthisbetterillustratedthaninthebeautifulLingeringGardenofSuzhou.【嘗試翻譯】【考點(diǎn)凝練】“否定詞+比較級(jí)”表示最高級(jí)含義

沒(méi)有什么比美麗的蘇州留園更能說(shuō)明這一點(diǎn)了。

提能力增分課堂◎核心詞匯突破1.employ

v.使用,運(yùn)用;雇用【歸納】(1)employ

sb

as...雇用某人作為……employ

sb

to

do

sth雇用某人做某事be

employed

in...從事于……;忙于……(2)employer

n.雇主employee

n.雇員employment

n.就業(yè);工作unemployment

n.失業(yè)【佳句】Actually,I'vebeen

employed

inmystudies.Ofcourse,apartfrommystudies,IalwaysmanagetofindtimeforwhatI'minterestedin.

what引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句

事實(shí)上,我一直忙于我的學(xué)業(yè)。當(dāng)然,除了學(xué)業(yè)外,我總是設(shè)法找時(shí)間做我感興趣的事。

【練會(huì)】單項(xiàng)填空①(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷改編)Mylifeasatax-paying

personbeganinmiddleschool,when,forthreewholedays,Iworkedinabakingfactory.

A.employing B.employedC.employer D.employee②Ifyouareateenagerlivingincertainpartsoftheprovince,youcouldbeeligible(符合條件)forthisprogram,whichprovideseightweeksofpaid

alongwithtraining.

A.approval B.employmentC.experience D.responseBB③Forthepastthreeyearshehasbeenemployed

anarchitect.

A.for B.toC.of D.as【寫美】句式升級(jí)·背誦④Hewasemployedinreadingandhedidn'tseeTomcomein.→

,hedidn'tseeTomcomein.(過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ))

DEmployedinreading2.withdraw

v.退出;提,取;收回;撤回,撤離【歸納】(1)withdraw...from...從……撤離/提取……withdraw

from...從……撤離/退出(2)withdrawal

n.撤走;收回;取回;退出【佳句】Ifyouexperienceanyunusualsymptomsafterwithdrawalofthetreatment,don'thesitatetocontactyourdoctor.如果您在停止治療后出現(xiàn)任何異常癥狀,立刻聯(lián)系你的醫(yī)生?！揪殨?huì)】單項(xiàng)填空①HenryDavidThoreauwashappytowithdraw

sociallife,seekingaharmoniousrelationshipwithnatureinthequietnessofhislife.

A.to B.withC.from D.off②They

100dollarsfromabankaccountaftercheckingoutoftheirhotel.

A.withdrew B.pulled C.borrowed D.soldCA③Thecommander-in-chiefwasgiven36hourstosecurea

ofhistroopsfromtheruralareas.

A.advance B.fight C.withdrawal D.train【寫美】完成句子·背誦④聽(tīng)說(shuō)你因?yàn)橥炔渴軅顺霰荣?我感到很遺憾。I'msorrytohearthat

becauseofaleginjury.

Cyouwillwithdrawfromthecompetition3.depart

v.離開(kāi),出發(fā),動(dòng)身,起程;違背,背離【歸納】(1)depart

(for...)

(from...)離開(kāi)(……)(去……)depart

from

sth

違反,背離(常規(guī))depart

sth

離職;離開(kāi)某地(2)departure

n.

離開(kāi),起程,出發(fā)departure

from

離開(kāi)……【練會(huì)】單項(xiàng)填空①Liptonisreluctanttodepart

thecompanyhefounded.

A.away B.off C.out D.from②Pleasehandinyourkeysatreceptiononyour

fromthehotel.

A.departure B.reservation C.checking D.arriving【寫美】完成句子·背誦③由于天氣不好,我們的出發(fā)時(shí)間推遲了。

becauseofbadweather.(應(yīng)用文寫作之通知)

DAOurdeparturewasdelayed4.resign

v.

辭職,辭去;使自己順從于(做)某事;安于【歸納】(1)resign

from從……辭職resign

as...辭去……的職務(wù)resign

oneself

to

(doing)

sth順從……;使自己安于(做)某事(2)resignation

n.辭職;辭呈【佳句】AlthoughIwassweatingalloverandbecameverytired,Ididn'twanttoresign

myself

togivinguphalfway.雖然我渾身是汗并且很累,但我不想中途放棄。

v.

流汗

【練會(huì)】單項(xiàng)填空①Johnsonresigned

thedecentpositioninordertotakeamorechallengingjob.

A.with B.to C.under D.from②Wehavetoresignourselves

fatesincewecannotthinkoutaneffectiveremedy.

A.to B.at C.with D.by【寫美】一句多譯·背誦③據(jù)我所知,他辭去了委員會(huì)成員的職務(wù)?！鶤sfarasIknow,he

.

→AsfarasIknow,he

.

DAresignedfromthecommitteeresignedasamemberofthecommittee5.ease

n.舒適,悠閑

v.減輕(痛苦、憂慮)【歸納】(1)at

ease不拘束;自在;舒適with

ease輕易地;毫不費(fèi)力地take

one's

ease無(wú)拘束休息;輕松(2)ease

sb

of

sth減輕某人的(痛苦、負(fù)擔(dān)等)ease

the

pain

減輕痛苦ease

the

pressure/stress

減輕壓力ease

the

burden

減輕負(fù)擔(dān)【練會(huì)】單項(xiàng)填空①Wefeel

easeeveryday.

A.for B.to C.at D.in②

financialdifficulties,farmerscouldbecompensatedfortheirlossofsubsidies.

A.Easing B.Based C.Toease D.Havingeased【寫美】詞匯升級(jí)·背誦③Annewasintelligentandcapableofpassingherexamseasily.→Annewasintelligentandcapableofpassingherexams

.

CCwithease6.take...for

granted

認(rèn)為……理所當(dāng)然【歸納】take...seriously認(rèn)真對(duì)待……o

account/consideration把……考慮在內(nèi)take

it

easy輕松點(diǎn),別緊張take

one's

time別著急;慢慢來(lái)【點(diǎn)津】

take...forgranted后接that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí),常用it作形式賓語(yǔ),構(gòu)成takeitforgrantedthat...結(jié)構(gòu)?！揪殨?huì)】單項(xiàng)填空①

,please.Trytofollowthenaturalstepsandhaveyourownclock.

A.Takeyourtime B.Don'tforgetC.Takeitforgranted D.Mindyoursteps②Whenitcomestothecampussecurity,wehaveto

.

A.takethingseasy B.takeitseriouslyC.moveon D.manageitfinally【寫美】完成句子·背誦③一些人想當(dāng)然地認(rèn)為他們應(yīng)該用他們自己的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來(lái)判斷事情。Somepeople

bytheirownstandards.(應(yīng)用文寫作之演講稿)

AB

takeitforgrantedthattheyshouldjudgethings7.in

return

for

作為對(duì)……的回報(bào)【歸納】in

return

作為回報(bào)in

turn相應(yīng)地;轉(zhuǎn)而;依次;輪流in

one's

turn輪到某人;接著by

turns輪流;交替it

is

one's

turn

to

do

sth

輪到某人做某事take

turns

to

do

sth

輪流做某事【佳句】Whilestayinginthevillage,Jamesunselfishlysharedwhateverhehadwiththevillagerswithoutaskingforanythingin

return.當(dāng)待在村子里時(shí),詹姆斯無(wú)私地與村民分享他所擁有的一切,而不要求任何回報(bào)?！揪殨?huì)】單項(xiàng)填空①Whenitwas

myturn,Iwastooexcitedtospeak.

A.on B.to C.at D.in②Atthemeetingtheytookturns

forwardanumberofsuggestionsaimingtopromotethereformoftheeducationsystem.

A.putting B.put C.toput D.toputting③Thetwodaughterslookedaftertheirsickmother

turns.

A.in B.at C.by D.withDCC【寫美】完成句子·背誦④我們?yōu)閷W(xué)生提供良好的教育。相應(yīng)地,我們希望學(xué)生努力學(xué)習(xí)。Weofferanexcellenteducationtoourstudents.

,weexpectstudentstoworkhard.(寫作話題之教育)

⑤這會(huì)影響生長(zhǎng)在土地上的農(nóng)作物,相應(yīng)地影響到消化它們的動(dòng)物和人類。Thisaffectsthecropsgrownonthelandand,

,affectstheanimalsandhumanswhodigestthem.(寫作話題之環(huán)境)

Inreturn

inturn★補(bǔ)遺缺

微點(diǎn)練全Ⅰ.一詞多義——根據(jù)語(yǔ)境寫出句中黑體詞的詞性和含義1.reject①Themanagerrejectedthesuggestionthatitwastimeforhimtoresign.

②Whenshewassenttoaboardingschool,shefeltasthoughherparentshadrejectedher.

③Patientsoftenrejecttransplantedorgans.

v.拒絕

v.冷落,嫌棄

v.排斥,排異(移植的器官)Ⅱ.單項(xiàng)填空2.Thehotelisgoingtobeconverted

anursinghome.

A.to B.with C.in D.into3.IwashavingsuchagoodtimethatIwasreluctant

.

A.toleave B.leavingC.left D.tobeleftDA◎重點(diǎn)句型透視過(guò)去分詞(短語(yǔ))作狀語(yǔ)【教材原句】Shaped

to

resemble

a

lotus

flower,itappearstofloatabovethewaterfrontpromenadeandthewaterthatsurroundsit.它的形狀像一朵蓮花,漂浮在海濱長(zhǎng)廊和周圍的水面上?！練w納】(1)過(guò)去分詞(短語(yǔ))在句中作狀語(yǔ)時(shí),可表示時(shí)間、原因、條件、方式、伴隨、結(jié)果、讓步等。過(guò)去分詞(短語(yǔ))作狀語(yǔ)多放在句首,也可以放在中間或后面。(2)過(guò)去分詞(短語(yǔ))作狀語(yǔ)表示時(shí)間、原因、條件、讓步時(shí),可轉(zhuǎn)換為相應(yīng)的狀語(yǔ)從句;表示方式、結(jié)果和伴隨時(shí)可轉(zhuǎn)化為并列分句?！揪殨?huì)】單項(xiàng)填空①

withwhathedid,theEnglishteacherpraisedhiminclass.

A.Satisfying B.SatisfiedC.Satisfactory D.Beingsatisfying②

moretime,wewouldhavebeenabletodotheworkmuchbetter.

A.Togive B.Giving C.Given D.Tobegiven【寫美】句式升級(jí)·背誦③Sincehewasleftathomealone,hefeltthathewasrejected.→

,hefeltthathewasrejected.(過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ))

BCLeftathomealone研真題鏈接高考(2020·全國(guó)Ⅰ卷,閱讀理解D)——人與環(huán)境、人與動(dòng)植物Theconnectionbetweenpeopleandplantshaslongbeenthesubjectofscientificresearch.Recentstudieshavefoundpositiveeffects.AstudyconductedinYoungstown,Ohio,forexample,discoveredthatgreenerareasofthecityexperiencedlesscrime.Inanother,employeeswereshowntobe15%moreproductivewhentheirworkplacesweredecoratedwithhouseplants.TheengineersattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)havetakenitastepfurther—changingtheactualcompositionofplantsinordertogetthemtoperformdiverse,evenunusualfunctions.Theseincludeplantsthathavesensorsprintedontotheirleavestoshowwhenthey'reshortofwaterandaplantthatcandetectharmfulchemicalsingroundwater.“We'rethinkingabouthowwecanengineerplantstoreplacefunctionsofthethingsthatweuseeveryday,”explainedMichaelStrano,aprofessorofchemicalengineeringatMIT.Oneofhislatestprojectshasbeentomakeplantsglow(發(fā)光)inexperimentsusingsomecommonvegetables.Strano'steamfoundthattheycouldcreateafaintlightforthree-and-a-halfhours.Thelight,aboutone-thousandthoftheamountneededtoreadby,isjustastart.Thetechnology,Stranosaid,couldonedaybeusedtolighttheroomsoreventoturntreesintoself-poweredstreetlamps.Inthefuture,theteamhopestodevelopaversionofthetechnologythatcanbesprayedontoplantleavesinaone-offtreatmentthatwouldlasttheplant'slifetime.Theengineersarealsotryingtodevelopanonandoff“switch”wheretheglowwouldfadewhenexposedtodaylight.Lightingaccountsforabout7%ofthetotalelectricityconsumedintheUS.Sincelightingisoftenfarremovedfromthepowersource(電源)—suchasthedistancefromapowerplanttostreetlampsonaremotehighway—alotofenergyislostduringtransmission(傳輸).Glowingplantscouldreducethisdistanceandthereforehelpsaveenergy.理清脈絡(luò)

真題再做32.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A.Anewstudyofdifferentplants.B.Abigfallincrimerates.C.Employeesfromvariousworkplaces.D.Benefitsfromgreenplants.D解析:段落大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段可知,一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn),城市綠化率越高的區(qū)域犯罪率越低;另一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn),工作環(huán)境有室內(nèi)植物裝飾時(shí),員工的工作效率提高了15%。由此可知,本段主要講綠色植物給人類帶來(lái)的好處。故選D項(xiàng)。33.WhatisthefunctionofthesensorsprintedonplantleavesbyMITengineers?A.Todetectplants'lackofwater.B.Tochangecompositionsofplants.C.Tomakethelifeofplantslonger.D.Totestchemicalsinplants.A解析:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“These

include

plants

that

have

sensors

printed

onto

their

leaves

to

show

when

they're

short

of

water”可知,麻省理工學(xué)院的工程師們之所以在植物葉子上放置傳感器,是想監(jiān)測(cè)植物的缺水狀況。故選A項(xiàng)。34.Whatcanweexpectoftheglowingplantsinthefuture?A.Theywillspeedupenergyproduction.B.Theymaytransmitelectricitytothehome.C.Theymighthelpreduceenergyconsumption.D.Theycouldtaketheplaceofpowerplants.C解析:推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后兩段,尤其是最后一段中的“Glowing

plants

could

reduce

this

distance

and

therefore

help

save

energy.”可推知,將來(lái)這種發(fā)光植物可能會(huì)有助于降低能源消耗。故選C項(xiàng)。35.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Canwegrowmoreglowingplants?B.Howdowelivewithglowingplants?C.Couldglowingplantsreplacelamps?D.Howareglowingplantsmadepollution-free?C解析:標(biāo)題歸納題。文章開(kāi)門見(jiàn)山,指出人類與植物的聯(lián)系一直是科研的主題;然后講述麻省理工學(xué)院開(kāi)展的研究,力求用植物代替日常用品的功能;接下來(lái)進(jìn)一步闡述用普通蔬菜來(lái)發(fā)出光照亮房間,甚至將樹木變成自供電的街燈。由此可知,文章最佳標(biāo)題為:發(fā)光的植物能替代街燈嗎?故選C項(xiàng)。語(yǔ)言能力1.掌握構(gòu)詞知識(shí)

詞根派生詞性及詞義例句

productive

Inanother,employeeswereshowntobe15%moreproductivewhentheirworkplacesweredecoratedwithhouseplants.2.猜測(cè)生僻詞詞義Theseincludeplantsthathavesensorsprintedontotheirleavestoshowwhenthey'reshortofwaterandaplantthatcandetectharmfulchemicalsingroundwater.

product

adj.富有成效的

發(fā)現(xiàn)

3.牢記熟詞生義

單詞詞性及詞義例句plant

Sincelightingisoftenfarremovedfromthepowersource—suchasthedistancefromapowerplanttostreetlampsonaremotehighway—alotofenergyislostduringtransmission.4.仿寫經(jīng)典句型Theengineersarealsotryingtodevelopanonandoff“switch”wheretheglowwouldfadewhen

exposed

to

daylight.仿寫:當(dāng)問(wèn)及他為什么遲到了時(shí),他保持沉默。n.發(fā)電廠

Whenaskedwhyhewaslate,hekeptsilent.5.破解復(fù)雜句式Inthefuture,theteamhopestodevelopaversionofthetechnologythatcanbesprayedontoplantleavesinaone-offtreatmentthatwouldlasttheplant'slifetime.分析:本句主干為the

team

hopes

to

develop

a

version

of

the

technology;其中第一個(gè)that引導(dǎo)

從句,修飾先行詞

,在從句中作主語(yǔ);第二個(gè)that引導(dǎo)

從句,修飾先行詞

。

譯文:定語(yǔ)technology

定語(yǔ)treatment在未來(lái),該團(tuán)隊(duì)希望能研制出一種可以一次性噴灑到植物葉子上就能延長(zhǎng)植物壽命的技術(shù)。

測(cè)效果課堂評(píng)價(jià)Ⅰ.熟詞生義1.employ項(xiàng)目意義例句熟義v.________Manygraduatesareemployedintheelectronicsandcomputingindustries.生義v.________Complicatedstatisticalanalysiswasemployedtoobtaintheseresults.雇用使用,運(yùn)用2.domestic項(xiàng)目意義例句熟義adj.

Outputconsistsofbothexportsandsalesonthedomesticmarket.生義adj.

Thinkabouttakingthetimetocompletethedomestic

chores.國(guó)內(nèi)的家庭的Ⅱ.單項(xiàng)填空

A組

基礎(chǔ)必練1.Elevenmillionbottlesofwaterhadto

fromsaleduetoahealthscare.

A.bethrown B.bereducedC.bewithdrawn D.bepurchased2.Sincewhitesymbolizes

andinnocence,itisusedinmanyimportantsituations.

A.images B.purityC.personality D.actionCB3.Althoughhedidnotdoit

,hedefinitelyhadsomeresponsibility.

A.accidentally B.occasionallyC.deliberately D.generally4.Apoetcanconvertordinarywords

ameaningfulandeffectivepieceofwriting.

A.to B.atC.into D.by5.Itisquiteconvenienttohaveasofathatcanbe

intoabedifnecessary.

A.converted B.posed C.polished D.constructedCCA6.Ialwaysseeksolutions

pro