職稱英語考試閱讀理解分析

職稱英語考試閱讀理解分析

例一：

LightNight,DarkStars

1.Thousandsofpeoplearoundtheglobestepoutsidetogazeattheir

nightsky.Onaclearnight,withnoclouds,moonlight,orartificiallights

toblocktheview,peoplecanseemorethan14,000starsinthesky,says

DennisWard,anastronomerwiththeUniversityCorporationfor

AtmosphericResearch(UCAR)ir)Boulder,Colo.Butwhenpeopleare

surroundedbycitylights,hesays,they'reluckytosee150stars.

2.Ifyou'veeverdriventowardabigcityatnightandseenitsglow

fromagreatdistance,you/vewitnessedlightpollution.Itoccurswhen

lightfromstreetlights,officebuildings,signs,andothersourcesstreams

intospaceandilluminatesthenightsky.Thishazeoflightmakesmany

starsinvisibletopeopleonEarth.Evenatnight,bigcitieslikeNewYork

glowfromlightpollution,makingstargazingdifficulto

3.Dustandparticlesofpollutionfromfactoriesandindustriesworsen

theeffectsotlightpollution."Ifonecityhasalotmorelightpollution

thananother,“Wardsays,“thatcitywillsuffertheeffectsoflight

pollutiononamuchgreaterscale."

4.Hazyskiesalsomakeitfarmoredifficultforastronomerstodo

theirjobs.

5.Citiesaregettinglarger.Suburbsaregrowinginoncedark,rural

areas.Lightfromallthisnewdevelopmentisincreasinglyobscuringtile

faintlightgivenoffbydistantstars.Andifscientistscan'tlocatethese

objects,theycan'tlearnmoreaboutthem.

6.Li-htpollutiondoesn'tonlyaffectstarvisibility.Itcanharmwildlife

too.It'sclearthatartificiallightcallattractanimals,makingthemgooff

course”.There/sincreasingevidence.Forexample,thatmigratingbirds

usesunsetsandsunrisestohelpfindtheirway,saysSydneyGauthreaus

Jr.,ascientistatClemsonUniversityinSouthCarolina."Whenlight

occursatnight/hesays,“ithasaverydisruptiveinfluence."Sometimes

birdsflyintolightedtowers,highrises,andcablesfromradioand

televisiontowers.Expertsestimatethatmillionsofbirdsdiethisway

everyyear.

1.Whencanpeoplesee14000stars?

AWhentheyhaveafairlygoodtelescope.

BWhentheyareinalargecity.

CWhenthenightskyisclearofclouds,moonlightandartificiallights.

DWhenthenightskyiswithouthazeandfog.

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTrelatedtolightpollution?

AAhazeoflightformedfromartificiallightssuchasstreetlightsand

buildinglights.

BLightsfromdifferentsourcesinthecitystreamintospaceand

illuminatethenightsky.

CThenightskyisilluminatedbythelightsfrombigglowingcitiesinthe

night.

DStargazingbecomesdifficultbecausethereisalayerofhazeintheair.

3.Doesthewriterthinkgrowingcitiesaffectastronomers?work?Why

doeshethinkso?

AYes.Becausetheoncedarkruralareasarepollutedbylights.

BNo.Becausetheycanstillseestarsinruralareas.

C.Yes.Becauseruralareasarenotagoodplaceforastronomerstostudy

starso

D.No.Becausefaintlightgivenoffbystarscallstillbeseenonaclear

night

4.Howdoeslightpollutiotlaffectwildlife?WhichofthefollowingisNOT

correct?

A.Animalsmaygooffcourseduetotheattractionofartificiallights.

B.Animalsmightbeattractedbyartificiallightstogointocities.

C.Artificiallightsatnightmaymakemigratingbirdslosetheirway.

DAttractedbyartificiallights,birdsflyintolightedbuildings.

5.WhichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtothetitlewLightNight,

DarkStars”?

A.Thenightskyislightcoloredandstarsareblack.

B.Lightsappearatnightandstarsareseeninthedark.

C.Citieslightsillunfinatethenightskyandmakestarsinvisible.

DCitylightsatnightilluminatestarsinthesky.

先理解標(biāo)題，推測文章內(nèi)容：LightNight,DarkStars0沒有生詞，

明亮的夜晚，昏暗的星空。只是看題目，還不易推測出文章的主要內(nèi)

容，因此，要快速瀏覽全文，看能否找到出現(xiàn)頻率較高的詞或短語，

它們有可能就是文章的核心！大家看到了我用黑線標(biāo)出了出現(xiàn)頻率最

多的短語：lightpollution.所以可以推測文章的內(nèi)容和光污染有關(guān)。

接下來判斷所給5題的題型，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)1至4都是細(xì)節(jié)題，因此

只需要找到關(guān)鍵詞逐一回答即可。而第5題是主旨題，而且是最后一

題，所以要等文章讀完后最后做。

1.Whencanpeoplesee14000stars?

AWhentheyhaveafairlygoodtelescope當(dāng)他們有一個非常不錯的望

遠(yuǎn)鏡.

BWhentheyareinalargecity當(dāng)他們在大城市時.

CWhenthenightskvisclearofclouds,moonlightandartificiallights

當(dāng)夜空中沒有云、月光和人造燈光時.

DWhenthenightskyiswithouthazeandfog當(dāng)夜空沒有陰霾和大霧

時.

分析：關(guān)鍵詞很容易找14000stars,在第一段出現(xiàn)了該詞：

Thousandsofpeople（數(shù)以千計的人）aroundtheglobe（世界上）

stepoutside（走出去）togazeat（凝視）theirnightsky.Onaclear

（晴朗的）night,withnoclouds,moonlight,orartificial（人造的）

lightstoblock（遮擋、擋?。﹖heview,peoplecanseemorethan14,000

starsintheskv（答案C）,saysDennisWard,anastronomer（天文學(xué)家）

withtheUniversityCorporationforAtmosphericResearch（UCAR）in

Boulder,Colo.Butwhenpeoplearesurrounded（被。。。包圍）bycity

lights,hesays,they/reluckytosee150stars.

補(bǔ)充：請注意短語：beclearofsth:無阻礙、障礙、危險

如：Waituntiltheroadisclearoftrafficbeforecrossing4等到路上沒車

時再過馬路。）

2.Whichofthefollowingstatements（敘述）isNOTrelatedto（同。。。有

關(guān)）lightpollution?

AAhazeoflightisformedfromartificiallightssuchasstreetlightsand

buildinglights（陰霾的光是由人造光而形成的，如路燈和建筑物的光）.

BLightsfromdifferentsourcesinthecitystreamintospaceand

illuminatethenightsky來自于不同來源的光進(jìn)入太空并照亮了夜空.

CThenightskyisilluminatedbythelightsfrombigglowingcitiesinthe

night夜空由晚上大城市發(fā)出的光照亮.

DStargazing（star+gazing觀望星星）becomesdifficultbecausethere

isalayerofhazeintheair由于空氣中有一層霾，所以觀望星星變得困

難.

分析：本題的關(guān)鍵詞是lightpollution,而且按照題目的題號應(yīng)該在文

章的前面，所以從第二段找找看：

Ifyou'veeverdriventowardabigcityatnightandseenitsglowfroma

（答案）（見證、目睹）

greatdistanceC￡you'vewitnessedlight

pollution.Itoccurswhenlightfromstreetlights,officebuildings,signs,

andothersourcesstreamsintospaceandilluminatesthenightsky（答案

A,B表述）.Thishazeoflightmakesmanystarsinvisibletopeopleon

Earth.Evenatnight,bigcitieslikeNewYorkglowfromlightpollution,

makingstargazingdifficult（請注意這句話并不是答案D,他們不同，

該句是說：甚至在晚上，許多像紐約這樣的大城市所產(chǎn)生的燈光使觀

望星星變得困難。）所以，D的表述同光污染沒有關(guān)聯(lián)。

3.Doesthewriterthinkgrowingcitiesaffectastronomers7work?Why

doeshethinkso?

AYes.Becausetheoncedarkruralareasarepollutedbylights因?yàn)樵?/p>

經(jīng)黑暗的鄉(xiāng)村地區(qū)被光污染了.

BNo.BecausetheyCallstillseestarsinruralareas.

C.Yes.Becauseruralareasarenotagoodplaceforastronomerstostudy

stars因?yàn)猷l(xiāng)村地區(qū)不是一個好的研究星星的地方。

D.No.Becausefaintlightgivenoffbystarscallstillbeseenonaclear

night

分析：題目是說：不斷擴(kuò)大的城市會影響天文學(xué)家的工作嗎？為什么

他會這樣認(rèn)為？

在A答案中我們可以看到線索詞:polluted和lights.所以，根據(jù)閱讀

的規(guī)律，只要和線索詞有關(guān)的答案，多半就是最終答案。如果大家想

檢查答案是否正確的話，也可以帶著關(guān)鍵詞astronomers去找答案：

Hazyskiesalsomakeitfarmoredifficultforastronomerstodotheir

jobs.

通過對句子的分析，排除答案B,D.留下A,C.在接下來的段落中可

以對答案加以判斷：

Citiesaregettinglarger.Suburbs（郊區(qū)）aregrowinginoncedark,rural

areas.Lightfromallthisnewdevelopmentisincreasingly

obscuring（使。。。變得模糊）thefaint（微弱的）lightgivenoffbydistant

stars.Andifscientistscan'tlocate（確定。。。的位置）theseobjects,

theycan'tlearnmoreaboutthem.

總結(jié)：做閱讀理解時大家需要牢牢抓住文章的中心或核心詞，只要被

選項中有核心內(nèi)容的出現(xiàn)就可以推測為正確答案！

4.Howdoeslightpollutionaffectwildlife?WhichofthefollowingisNOT

correct?

A.Animalsmaygooffcourseduetotheattractionofartificiallights

由于受到人造光的吸引，動物們可能偏離航向.

B.Animalsmightbeattractedbvartificiallightstogointocities.

動物們可能會受到人造光的吸引而進(jìn)入城市

C.Artificiallightsatnightmaymakemigratingbirdslosetheirway.

夜間的人造光可能會使遷徙的鳥類們迷路

DAttractedbyartificiallights,birdsflyintolightedbuildings.

由于受到人造光的吸引，鳥類飛進(jìn)有光的建筑物里。

分析：題目是說：光污染是如何影響野生動物？下列哪個說法不正

確？

關(guān)鍵詞就是wildlife,在最后一段里，可以找到內(nèi)容：

Lightpollutiondoesn/tonlyaffectstarvisibility.Itcanharmwildlife

too.It/sclearthatartificiallightcallattractanimals,makingthemg。off

course”（答案A）.There/sincreasingevidence.Forexample,that

migratingbirdsusesunsetsandsunrisestohelpfindtheirway,says

SydneyGauthreausJr.,ascientistatClemsonUniversityinSouth

Carolina."Whenlightoccursatnight,"hesays,“ithasaverydisruptive

（破壞性的）influence（答案C）."Sometimesbirdsflyintolighted

towers（答案D）,highrises,andcablesfromradioandtelevision

towers.Expertsestimatethatmillionsofbirdsdiethiswayeveryyear.

所以，答案B并未提到。

5.Whichofthefollowingisclosest（最接近的）inmeaning（意思）tothe

title"LightNight,DarkStars"?

A.Thenightskyislightcoloredandstarsareblack夜空是淺色的而星星

是黑色的.

B.Lightsappearatnightandstarsareseeninthedark

光顯現(xiàn)在夜晚而在黑暗中人們看見星星.

C.Citieslightsillunfinatethenightskvandmakestarsinvisible

城市的燈光照亮了夜空而使得星星已經(jīng)無法看見.

DCitylightsatnightilluminatestarsinthesky.

夜晚的城市的燈光照亮了天空中的星星。

分析：本題是唯一的一道主旨題，所以需要縱觀全文。通過我們對前

4題的解答，完全可以判斷出文章的主題就是說：由于不斷擴(kuò)大的城

市，越來越多的城市燈光，已經(jīng)成為一種污染，使得天空中的星星黯

然失色，所以答案就是C。

例二：

DecliningInterestinDevelopingForeignLanguageSkills

1.Australia/sforeignlanguageskillsaredeclining,voiceofAmericahas

reported.Newfiguresshowthatonly13percentofhighschool

graduatescanspeakaforeignlanguage.Butfourdecadesago,40

percenthadforeignlanguageskills.

2.ProfessorEliseTipton,fromtheUniversityofSydney,saysincreasingly

studentsdonotfeeltheneedtolearnanotherlanguagetoboosttheir

career.ShebelievesthatAustralia/seconomicboom,whichisdrivenby

red-hotdemandforitsminerals,ishelpingmaskseriousdeficienciesin

itslanguageskills.

3.AustraliadoesbusinessverysuccessfullyinEnglishwithmostofits

tradingpartners.Butastheworld/seconomicpowershiftstoemerging

regionssuchasAsia,itslanguagegapcouldsoonbeexposed.According

tothenewfigures,lessthan6.5percentofhighschoolgraduatesare

proficientinanAsianlanguage.Academicsworrythatthismeans

Australiawillincreasinglybeisolatedfromitseconomicallyimportant

Asianneighbors.DilipDutta,fromtheeconomicsandbusinessfacultyat

SydneyUniversity,sayslanguageskillscanenhancetradingopportunities.

IfAustralianswanttotradewithAsiancountries,itisveryimportantfor

themtolearnthelanguagethatwillhelpthemtogetclosertothe

culture.

4.ButstudentshavedifferentopinionsaboutAsianlanguagelearning

PippaMcCowage,a22-year-oldAustralianstudent,saysmanyyoung

Australianshaveahalf-heartedapproachtoforeignlanguages,andthe

languagecurriculumisoftenweak."Whilewe'reencouragedinhigh

schooltolearnanotherlanguage,it'snotreallyapparenttomeasa

realisticexpectationthatyouwillhavetospeakit,"saidMcCowage."For

example,IlearnedJapaneseinhighschool,whenIwentonanexchange

inYear10,IfoundthattheJapanesestudentsofmyagehadamuch

greaterproficiencyinEnglishthanIdidinJapanese.Sointhatsense,it

almostdiscouragesyou.

5.Atpresent,about70percentofAustralia/smajorexportsgotoAsia

andtheAustraliangovernmenthasbeenkeenondevelopingcloser

economicanddiplomatictieswithAsia.Academicssaythat,asAsia

becomesoneoftheworld/seconomicpowerhouses,Australianeedsto

improveitslanguageskillsifitistotakefulladvantageofthebusiness

opportunitiesonitsdoorstep.

1.Howmuchpercentofhighschoolgraduateswereproficientinforeign

languagesfortyyearsago?

A.70.B)13.C)40.D)6.5.

2.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph2?

A)Australiahasrichdepositsofminerals.

B)Australiaisessentiallyaself-sufficientcountry.

C)AustraliahasnointentiontotradewithAsiancountries.

D)Australianstudentsarenotrequiredtolearnaforeignlanguage.

3.WhatdoesDilipDuttathinklanguageskillscando?

A.Improveyourrelationwithyourpartner.

B.Helpsettleinternationalconflicts.

C.Removebarriersinnegotiations.

D.Increasetradingopportunities.

4.WhyhastheAustraliangovernmentbeenkeenlyinterestedin

strengtheningtieswithAsia?

A)BecauseAsiaiswhereAustraliaislocated.

B)BecauseAsiaiswhereAustralia/smajorexportsgo.

C)BecauseAsiaiswhereAustraliansgoandspendtheirholidays.

C)BecauseAsiaiswhereAustraliacanplayabigroleininternational

affairs.

5.Theword"faculty"inparagraph3canbereplacedby.

A)college.B)institute.C)university.D)department.

解題目：Declining衰退的Interest興趣inDeveloping發(fā)展、開

發(fā)ForeignLanguage外語Skills技能，所以串在一起可以將之理

解成：逐漸喪失提高外語技能的興趣。通過理解題目，我們可以推測

一下，在文章中foreignlanguages和declininginterest應(yīng)是核心詞。

接下來，來看5道題的題目，對出題方式加以判斷：1,3,4都是細(xì)

節(jié)題，而2題是推斷題；5題是詞語釋義題。針對不同出題方式的題

目要以不同的方法加以應(yīng)對。

1.Howmuchpercent百分?jǐn)?shù)ofhighschoolgraduates(高中畢業(yè)生)

wereproficient(精通的)inforeignlanguagesfortyyearsago(40

年前)？

A)70.B)13.C)40.D)6.5.

分析：這是細(xì)節(jié)題，關(guān)鍵詞：highschoolgraduates,fortyyearsagoo

位于第一題的位置，所以答案應(yīng)該來源于第一段：

Australia'sforeignlanguageskillsaredeclining,VoiceofAmericahas

reported.Newfigures(數(shù)字)showthatonly13percentofhigh

schoolgraduatescanspeakaforeignlanguage.Butfour

decades（一個decade是10年）ago（40年前）,40percenthadforeign

languageskills（答案的出處）.

2.Whatcanbeinferred（推測出）fromparagraph2?

A）Australiahasrichdepositsofminerals.（澳大利亞有豐富的礦

藏）

B）Australiaisessentiallyaself-sufficientcountry.

C）AustraliahasnointentiontotradewithAsiancountries.

D）Australianstudentsarenotrequiredtolearnaforeignlanguage.

分析：題目中有infer,所以該題是推斷題。因此，需要讀第二段，

尋找核心內(nèi)容，主要是要找到關(guān)鍵句：

ProfessorEliseTipton,fromtheUniversityofSydney,saysincreasingly

studentsdonotfeeltheneedtolearnanotherlanguagetoboosttheir

career.ShebelievesthatAustralia'seconomicboom（經(jīng)濟(jì)的繁榮），

whichisdriven（受至驅(qū)動）byred-hot（非常有活力的）demand（要

求）foritsminerals礦物（核心詞），ishelpingmask掩蓋serious

deficiencies不足initslanguageskills.

注意：一般發(fā)現(xiàn)A、B、C、D四個選項中，哪個選項出現(xiàn)中心詞，一

般該選項就是正確答案。

3.WhatdoesDilipDuttathinklanguageskillscando?

A.Improveyourrelationwithyourpartner.

B.Helpsettleinternationalconflicts.

C.Removebarriersinnegotiations.

D.Increasetradingopportunities.

分析：這是一道標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的細(xì)節(jié)題，中心詞就是：DilipDuttao帶著它，

我們可以在第三段里搜索到相關(guān)的語句：

DilipDutta,fromtheeconomiceandbusinessfacultyatSydney

University,sayslanguageskillscanenhancetradingopportunities（答案D

出處！）.IFAustralianswanttotradewithAsiancountries,itisvery

importantforthemtolearnthelanguagethatwillhelpthemtoget

closertotheculture.

4.WhyhastheAustraliangovernment（澳大利亞政府）beenkeenly

（強(qiáng)烈地）interestedinstrengthening（力口強(qiáng)）ties（聯(lián)系）withAsia

（亞洲）？

A）BecauseAsiaiswhereAustraliaislocated.

B）BecauseAsiaiswhereAustralia'smajorexportsgo.

C）BecauseAsiaiswhereAustraliansgoandspendtheirholidays.

C）BecauseAsiaiswhereAustraliacanplayabigroleininternational

affairs.

分析：從題目的類型來說，一定是細(xì)節(jié)題，找到核心詞：Australian

government,keenlyinterestedin,tieswithAsia。我們會發(fā)現(xiàn)核心詞

沒有出現(xiàn)在第四段中，而在最后一段中出現(xiàn)了：

Atpresent,about70percent0fAlistralia'smajorexports（主要的出口貨

物）gotoAsiaand（該詞相當(dāng)于so,因果關(guān)系連詞）theAustralian

governmenthasbeenkeenondevelopingcloser（親密的）economic

（經(jīng)濟(jì)的）anddiplomatic（夕卜交的）tieswithAsia（答案出處）.

Academicssaythat,asAsiabecomesoneoftheworld'seconomic

powerhouses（支柱）,Australianeedstoimproveitslanguageskillsifitis

totakefulladvantageofthebusinessopportunitiesonitsdoorstep.

5.Theword"faculty"inparagraph3canbereplacedby.

A）college學(xué)院.B）institute學(xué)會、研究所

C）university大學(xué).D）department系.

分析：這是一道詞語釋義題。大家可以查字典?，也可以根據(jù)單詞出現(xiàn)

的前后文來判斷:DilipDutta,fromtheeconomics（經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)）and

（貿(mào)易）因?yàn)楹竺嬗小?/p>

businessfacultyatSydneyUniversity,ooouniversity,

因此自然想到是大學(xué)里的“系二

例三：

OlderVolcanicEruptions

1.Volcanoesweremoredestructiveinancienthistory,notbecausethey

werebigger,butbecausethecarbondioxidetheyreleasedwipedoutlife

greaterease.

2.PaulWignallfromtheUniversityofLeedswasinvestigatingthelink

betweenvolcaniceruptionsandmassextinctions.Notallvolcanic

eruptionskilledofflargenumbersofanimals,butallthemassextinctions

overthepast300millionyearscoincidedwithhugeformationsof

volcanicrock.Tohissurprise,theolderthemassivevolcaniceruptions

were,themoremoredamagetheyseemedtodo.Hecalculatedthe

“killingefficiency“forthesevolcanoesbycomparingtheproportionof

lifetheykilledoffwiththevolumeoflavathattheyproduced.Hefound

thatsizeforsize,oldereruptionswereatleast10timesaseffectiveat

wipingoutlifeastheirmorerecentrivals.

3.ThePermianextinction,forexample,whichhappened250million

yearsago,ismarkedbyfloodsofvolcanicrockinSiberiathatcoveran

arearoughlythesizeofwesternEurope.Thosevolcanoesarethoughtto

havepumpedoutabout10gigatonnesofcarbonascarbondioxide.The

globalwarmingthatfollowedwipedout80percentofallmarinegenera

atthetime,andittook5millionyearsfortheplanettorecover.Yet60

millionyearsago,therewasanotherhugeamountofvolcanicactivity

andglobalwarmingbutnomassextinction.Someanimalsdiddisappear

butthingsreturnedtonormalwithintenthousandsofyears.MThemost

recentoneshardlyhaveaneffectatall,“Wignallsays.Heignoredthe

extinctionwhichwipedoutthedinosaurs65millionyearsago,because

manyscientistsbelieveitwasprimarilycausedbytheimpactofan

asteroid.Hethinksthatoldervolcanoeshadmorekillingpowerbecause

morerecentlifeformswerebetteradaptedtodealingwithincreased

levelsofCO2.

4.VincentCourtillot,directoroftheparisGeophysicalInstituteinFrance,

saysthatWignalKsideaisprovocative.Buthesaysitisincrediblyhardto

dothesesortsofcalculations.Hepointsoutthatthekillingpowerof

volcaniceruptionsdependsonhowlongtheylasted.Anditisimpossible

totellwhetherthehugeblastslastedforthousandsormillionsofyears.

Healsoaddsthatitisdifficulttoestimatehowmuchlavaprehistoric

volcanoesproduced,andthatlavavolumemaynotnecessarily

correspondtocarbondioxideemissions.

1.Whydidoldervolcaniceruptionsdomoredamagethanmorerecent

ones?

A.Becausetheykilledofflifemoreeasily.

B.Becausetheywerebrighter.

C.Becausetheywerelarger.

D.Becausetheywerehotter.

2.HowdidWignallcalculatethekillingpowerofthoseoldervolcanic

eruptions?

A.Byestimatinghowlongtheylasted.

B.Bycountingthedinosaurstheykilled.

C.Bystudyingthechemicalcompositionoflava.

D.Bycomparingtheproportionoflifewipedoutwiththevolumeoflava

produced.

3.Whendiddinosaursbecomeextinct?

A)300millionyearsago.

B)250millionyearsago.

C)60millionyearsago.

D)65millionyearsago

4.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph3concerningdinosaurs?

A)Theywerekilledoffbyanasteroid.

B)Theydiedofdrasticclimatechange.

C)Theywerewipedoffbyavolcaniceruption.

D)Thecauseoftheirextinctionhasremainedacontroversialissue.

5.Whatisthemainthesisofthearticle?

A)Volcaniceruptionsarenotalwaysdeadly.

B)Oldervolcaniceruptionsweremoredestructive.

C)Carbondioxideemissionsoftengiverisetoglobalwarming.

D)Itisnoteasytocalculatethekillingpowerofavolcaniceruption.

解標(biāo)題：OlderVolcanic(火山的)Eruptions(噴發(fā))

本文講的是遠(yuǎn)古火山噴發(fā)，所以oldervolcaniceruptions應(yīng)是核心詞。

1.Whydidoldervolcaniceruptionsdomoredamagethanmorerecent

ones?（為什么遠(yuǎn)古火山噴發(fā)比近期噴發(fā)損害更大？）

A.Becausetheykilledofflifemoreeasily.

B.Becausetheywerebrighter.

C.Becausetheywerelarger.

D.Becausetheywerehotter.

分析：細(xì)節(jié)題。第一題，一般在開頭段落尋找答案。

Volcanoesweremoredestructive（更具有破壞性的）inancienthistory

（在古代的勞歷史中），notbecause（不是因?yàn)椋﹖heywerebigger,but

because（而是因?yàn)椋﹖hecarbondioxide（二氧化碳）theyreleased（他

們所釋放的,定語修飾前面的thecarbondioxide）wipedout擦去、

抹去life生命greaterease（更容易）.

句子是說：古代的火山更具殺傷力，不是因?yàn)樗鼈兏螅且驗(yàn)樗?/p>

們釋放出來的二氧化碳更容易把人殺死。所以答案A表述的內(nèi)容同本

段相符。

2.How（如何，詢問方式）didWignallcalculate（計算）thekillingpower

（殺傷力）ofthoseoldervolcaniceruptions?

A.Byestimatinghowlongtheylasted.通過估計他們持續(xù)多長時間。

B.Bycountingthedinosaurstheykilled.通過數(shù)死去的恐龍的的數(shù)量

C.Bystudyingthechemicalcompositionoflava.通過研究熔巖的化學(xué)構(gòu)

成。

D.Bvcomparingtheproportionoflifewipedoutwiththevolumeoflava

produced.通過比較火山釋放出的熔巖的體積與殺死生命的比例。

分析：毫無疑問這是細(xì)節(jié)題，核心詞就是人名：WignalL

PaulWignalK核心詞出現(xiàn)了，接下來的內(nèi)容請大家注意了?。。。ゝromthe

UniversityofLeedswasinvestigatingthelinkbetweenvolcaniceruptions

andmassextinctions.Notallvolcaniceruptionskilledofflargenumbers

ofanimals,butallthemassextinctionsoverthepast300millionyears

coincidedwithhugeformationsofvolcanicrock.Tohissurprise,the

olderthemassivevolcaniceruptionswere,themoredamagethey

seemedtodo.He（代指Wignall）calculatedthe“killingefficiency

（功效）forthesevolcanoesbycomparing（比較）theproportion（比

彳列）oflifetheykilledoffwiththevolumeoflava（熔需1thatthey

produced.（答案出處?。〩efoundthatsizeforsize,oldereruptionswere

atleast10timesaseffectiveatwipingoutlifeastheirmorerecentrivals.

3.Whendiddinosaursbecomeextinct?恐龍什么時候滅絕的？

A）300millionyearsago.

B）250millionyearsago.

C）60millionyearsago.

D）65millionyearsago

分析：這是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的細(xì)節(jié)題，核心詞：dinosaursbecomeextincto而且

這題的特點(diǎn)就是數(shù)字，所以在接下來的段落中大家要用筆標(biāo)出所見到

的數(shù)字加以判斷！

ThePermianextinction,forexample,whichhappened250millionyears

ago（答案B,