2024年中考英語二輪復習 專題十三 簡單句和復合句

中考英語二輪復習專題十三簡單句和復合句目錄01.考點分析02.模擬考題01考點分析考點1

簡單句的基本句型1.主謂The

bus

is

coming.

主語

謂語2.主系表①Amy

is

helpful.主語

系動詞

表語②He

became

a

teacher.

主語

系動詞

表語提分速記除了be動詞和become之外，常見的系動詞還有：get/grow/go/turn

變得keep/remain/stay/lie/stand

保持，處于look/feel/sound/taste/smell

看起來/摸起來/聽起來/嘗起來/聞起來3.主謂賓John

opened

the

door.主語

謂語

賓語4.主謂賓賓Grandpa

bought

me

a

new

dietionary.

主語

謂語

間接賓語

直接賓語5.主謂賓賓補Mosl

students

have

found

online

learning

necessary.

主語

謂語

賓語

賓語補足語存現(xiàn)句的結構<ib>There

be</ib>+<ib>主語</ib>+<ib>其他成分</ib>There

is

a

tree

behind

the

shop.There

be

主語

狀語6.存現(xiàn)句（There

be句型）存現(xiàn)句的句式<ib>肯定句式</ib>There

is

a

cat

in

the

room.There

be

主語

狀語<ib>否定句式</ib>There

is

not

a

bank

nearby.There

be

not

主語

狀語<ib>疑問句式</ib>Are

there

any

books

in

the

box?

Be

there

主語

狀語存現(xiàn)句的時態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時：There

is/are+主語（+其他）一般過去時：There

was/were+主語（+其他）一般將來時：

There

is/are

going

to

be/will

be+主語（+其他）存現(xiàn)句中的主謂一致

存現(xiàn)句中be動詞的形式通常要與離它最近的主語保持一致，即遵循"就近原則"。如：●There

is

a

tree

and

some

flowers

in

the

garden.●There

are

two

pencils

and

a

pen

on

the

desk.考點2

復合句并列復合句

并列復合句是指由并列連詞and、but、or等把兩個或兩個以上的簡單句連在一起而構成的句子。常見的并列連詞的用法詳見專題六

連詞

→考點1。主從復合句

主從復合句由一個主句和一個或一個以上的從句構成，復合句中的主句和從句都有完整的主語和謂語。1.賓語從句語序

賓語從句要用陳述語序，即"連接詞+主語+謂語+其他"。陳述句作賓語從句時，應用原陳述語序；疑問句作賓語從句時，原來的倒裝語序要改為陳述語序。如：●"She

is

a

good

student,"

the

teacher

told

us.=The

teacher

told

us

（that）

she

was

a

good

student.●Where

does

he

live?

Do

you

know?=Do

you

know

where

he

lives?時態(tài)（1）<ib>主句：一般現(xiàn)在時、現(xiàn)在進行時、現(xiàn)在完成時</ib>→<ib>賓語從句：根據(jù)實際情況而定</ib>●I

don't

know

when

he

left

last

night.●Tell

him

when

we

will

start.（2）<ib>主句：一般過去時、過去進行時</ib>→<ib>賓語從句：與過去相關的某種時態(tài)</ib>●Alex

said

he

would

go

to

London.●He

didn't

say

where

he

had

been

before.（3）<ib>主句：任意時態(tài)</ib>→<ib>賓語從句（說明客觀事實或真理）:一般現(xiàn)在時</ib>●My

teacher

said

that

the

moon

moves

round

the

earth.●Everyone

knows

that

there

are

sixty

minutes

in

an

hour.連接詞（1）that

本身無意義，不充當句子成分，只起連接作用，可省略。如：I

believe

（that）

April

is

the

hottest

month

in

Thailand.（2）連接代詞：what、whom、which、whose、who等

在從句中作一定成分，如主語、賓語、定語等。如：He

asked

me

whose

coat

it

was.（3）連接副詞：when、where、how、why等

在從句中作狀語。如：—Sarah,

do

you

know

when

World

Book

Day

is?—It's

on

April

23.［2023連云港中考］（4）if/whether

意為"是否"，不作句子成分，但不可省略。如：I

asked

if/whether

they

would

win

the

match.2.狀語從句

狀語從句由從屬連詞引導，在句中充當狀語，按其用途主要分為時間狀語從句、條件狀語從句、原因狀語從句、目的狀語從句、結果狀語從句和讓步狀語從句等。（1）從屬連詞的分類和用法（講解見專題六

連詞

→考點2）（2）主句和從句的時態(tài)①主現(xiàn)從現(xiàn)：<ib>主句：祈使句或主句中有情態(tài)動詞</ib>→<ib>從句：一般現(xiàn)在時表將來</ib>You

can

get

good

grades

if

you

study

hard.②主將從現(xiàn)（時間、條件狀語從句中）:<ib>主句：一般將來時</ib>→<ib>從句：一般現(xiàn)在時表將來</ib>If

it

doesn't

rain

tomorrow,

we

will

visit

the

Great

Wall.③過去時態(tài)：<ib>主句：一般過去時/過去進行時</ib>→<ib>從句：一般過去時/過去進行時</ib>Someone

knocked

at

the

door

when

we

were

having

supper.3.關系從句（定語從句）關系代詞的用法關系代詞在從句中的成分

that、which作主語、賓語或表語that、who作主語、賓語whom作賓語whose作定語●He

is

not

on

the

train

that/which

arrived

just

now.（關系代詞作主語）●This

is

the

school

that/which

we

visited

last

year.（關系代詞作賓語）●He

was

the

kind

of

person

that

he

was.（關系代詞作表語）●I

hate

people

that/who

talk

much

but

do

little.（關系代詞作主語）●The

woman

that/who/whom

I

spoke

to

is

my

English

teacher.（關系代詞作賓語）●The

man

whose

wallet

was

stolen

was

very

sad.（關系代詞作定語）（1）關系代詞通常用that的情況：①當先行詞是something、anything、everything、nothing、little、few、all等不定代詞時。如：There

is

nothing

that

can

stop

him

from

doing

it.②當先行詞被the

only、the

very、the

same等修飾時。如：He

is

the

only

one

that

can

help

us

at

the

moment.③當先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級修飾時。如：This

is

the

best

film

that

I

have

ever

seen.關系代詞的特殊用法④當先行詞被all、any、few、no等修飾時。

如：All

the

presents

that

your

friends

gave

you

on

your

birthday

should

be

put

away.⑤當定語從句的先行詞中既有人又有物時。如：They

are

talking

of

the

designers

and

their

works

that

interest

them.（2）關系代詞的省略

一般情況下，that、which、whom在關系從句中作賓語時可省略，但關系代詞which、whom在關系從句中作介詞賓語并且介詞位于關系代詞之前時，不可省略。如：I

remember

the

day

on

which

I

saw

you

for

the

first

time.（which不可省略）02模擬考題語境小測1.[2023荊州中考]

—Could

you

tell

us

___

we

can

start

a

conversation

with

a

foreigner?—Talking

about

weather

is

a

common

way.DA.when

B.why

C.where

D.how2.[2023鄂州中考]

—Could

you

tell

me

___

get

something

to

eat?—Sure.

There's

a

restaurant

down

the

street.DA.what

I

can

B.what

can

I

C.where

can

I

D.where

I

can3.[2023新疆中考]

—Do

you

know

___?—It

was

introduced

through

the

Silk

Road.DA.why

pepper

was

planted

in

ChinaB.what

pepper

was

used

for

in

ChinaC.when

pepper

was

discovered

in

ChinaD.how

pepper

was

introduced

to

China4.[2023廣西中考改編]

—Excuse

me,

could

you

tell

me

___?—At

7

o'clock

in

the

evening.AA.when

the

concert

will

start

B.why

you

will

buy

concert

ticketsC.where

we

can

buy

concert

tickets

D.who

will

sing

songs

at

the

concert5.—Allen，

you

are

the

excellent

student

this

year.

I

wonder

___.—My

parents.

It's

impossible

for

me

to

make

it

without

their

care

and

love.CA.why

you

work

so

hard

B.how

you

realize

your

dreamC.who

you

want

to

thank

most

D.what

kind

of

book

you

like

best語篇提升

閱讀短文，從方框中選擇適當?shù)脑~并用其正確形式填空，使短文通順、意思完整。每空限填一詞，每詞限用一次。[2023成都中考改編]

which

that

be

or

when

Do

you

believe

a

rose

plant

says

"I