備戰(zhàn)2023年高考英語(yǔ)全真模擬卷04（上海）

備戰(zhàn)2023年高考英語(yǔ)全真模擬卷04（上海）I.ListeningSectionA（第1-10題,每題1分；第11-20題，每題1.5分；共25分）Directions:InSectionyouwilltenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyyouaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersondecidewhichisthebestanswertothequestionyouhave1. A.Shewonderswhichlettertofinish. B.Shewillmakecopieslater.

C.ShewillmeetMr.Brownfirst. D.Shehopestobecomeatypist.2.A.7:00. B.7:10. C.9:00. D.9:10.

3.A.Eager. B.Regretful. C.Exhausted. D.Satisfied.

4.A.Hegavethewomansomewronginformation. B.Heputsugarintheglasscontainer.

C.Hebrokethetwocontainers. D.Headdedsalttothecoffee.

5.A.Hewillcleanthehouseimmediately. B.Hedoesn’thavetimetotakethewomanhome.

C.Itshouldbeeasyforthegueststofindthehouse. D.Heneedstimetorelaxbeforetheguestsarrive.

6.A.Shedoesn’tlikethepainting. B.Shehasn’tvisitedtheman’soffice.

C.She’llhangthepaintingonthewall. D.Shedoesn’tknowwheretoputthepainting.7.A.Hedoesn’tliketocook. B.Hemakesverygooddesserts.C.Heisn’tcarefulwhenhe’spreparingfood. D.HecooksfortheSpanishclubquiteoften.8.A.Shedoesn’tplantocontinuestudyingnextyear. B.Shewantstoknowabouttheman’sopinion.

C.Shehasalreadytoldthemanaboutherplan. D.Shewon’ttransfertoanotheruniversity.

9.A.Startcleaningsooner. B.Hireacleaningservice.

C.Takearestbeforetheparty. D.Havehispartyatadifferenttime.10. A.Hehasinvitedmanypeopletodinner. B.Heintentionallycookedalotofsoup.

C.Hedoesn’tlikeleftoverseither. D.Heusedleftoversinthesoup.

SectionB

Directions:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandalongerconversation,andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthepassagesandtheconversation.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersinyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.

Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

11.A.Apainting. B.Anartist. C.Anexperiment. D.Adisease.

12.A.Theweaknessofsight. B.Theinabilitytorecallafaceonceseen.

C.Thedeclineofmemorywithage. D.Thefailuretomemorizedifferentorders.

13.A.Landscapesareeasiertoidentifythanotherthings.

B.Facerecognitionskillscannotbetaughtandimproved.

C.Humanbrainshandlefacesdifferentlyfromotherobjects.

D.Peoplewithsomekindofblindnesshaveauniquebrainstructure.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

14.A.Whatpeoplethinkaboutisaffectedbyculturaldifference.

B.Thoseinlargecitiescaremoreaboutthemodernwayoflife.

C.Howpeoplemakesenseoftheworldisadvancingallthetime.

D.Theyoungadoptaninnovativestrategytoprocessinformation.

15.A.Thepassionfornature. B.Theurgetofindcauses.

C.Thepreferenceforcomparison. D.Thehabitsofthought.

16.A.Humanbeingsdon’tsharethesamehabitsofthought.

B.Categorizationplaysanimportantroleinlogicalthinking.

C.Ruleapplicationisuniversallyacknowledgedasessential.

D.Mainstreampsychologyhasusedawrongresearchmethod.

Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.

17.A.Whypeoplefeedoninsects. Includinginsectsinpeople’sdiets.

C.Howinsectsaffecthumans’foodsources. D.Usinginsectstodevelophealthyeatinghabits.

18.A.Eatinginsectsisstillconsideredtobesomethingunusual.

B.Foodcoloringmadefrominsectsaresaferthanthought.

C.Insectscanhelphumanbeingstofightagainststarvation.

D.Britainislookingforwaystoputinsectsintosensibleuse.

19.A.Theydidn’tfindinsectsdisgusting. B.Theywereusedtocookinginsects.

C.Sometypesofinsecttasteddelicious. D.Findinginsectswaseasierthanhunting.

20.A.Shehasn’teatenawholeinsect. B.Shehasconqueredherfearofinsects.C.Sheistryingtomakeflourfrominsects. D.Shedoesn’tconsiderinsectsasourceofprotein.

答案：1—5BDDDA7—10ACDAB11—15DBCAD16—20ABCDA備注：聽(tīng)力文字稿附文檔末尾II.Grammar（每題1分；共20分）SectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.（2021秋·上海靜安·高三統(tǒng)考期末）Rereadingisaguiltypleasureformanyreaders.Howcanakeenreaderabandonhisto-be-readlistandwastetimewithabookhealreadyknows?Atthesametime,accordingtomanyexperts,theactofrereading____21____(regard),withoutdoubt,astheonlywaytotrulyunderstandatext.Academicsmostoftendiscussthebenefitofrereadingasawaytogaindeepunderstandingsofcomplextextsandoftheself.Teachersofearlyreading-agechildrenagreethatrereadingimprovesunderstandingbeyondbasicwords.Foradults,rereadingisnecessarytounderstandingatextwellsothatgoodcriticalarguments____22____bemade.Rereadinghelpstobuildabetterunderstandingofabook.____23____rereading,manyreadersfinditimpossibletoappreciateawriter’ssubtletalentsortocomprehendatext’sinnerideasandthemes.Rereadingisalsoanactofself-reflection.Thepracticeofpurposefulrereadingin____24____(real)createsakindofself-consciousness.Sincethebookneverchanges,itfunctionsasaconstant(恒量)____25____canbeusedtomeasurethereader’sgrowth.Itisawaytore-examinethereaderhimselfandthechangeshe____26____(undergo)sincetheinitialreading.Ofcourse,therearepossibledrawbackstorereadingaswell.Rereadingtakestime,____27____(draw)thereadersawayfromtheirto-be-readlist.Andit’shardtoimagine____28____frustratingitcanbeifabelovedbookfallsshortofyourrosymemoriesinrereading.AccordingtoDavidGalef,emotionslikepleasure,excitement,andcuriositycausethereadertorushthroughastoryandpassovertheinnercomplexity____29____(appreciate)inre-readings,andyettheyarealsoimportantelementsthatmaybedulledbythoserepeatedreadings.Furthermore,____30____yourrereadingisfocusedandintentionalaboutgainingnewthoughts,itmaynotresultinimprovedunderstanding.【答案】21．isregarded

22．can

23．Without24．reality

25．that##which

26．hasundergone

27．drawing

28．how

29．a(chǎn)ppreciation

30．if##when【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要講的是重讀的好處和壞處。21．考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：與此同時(shí)，許多專家認(rèn)為，重讀的行為無(wú)疑是真正理解文本的唯一途徑。通篇是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，重讀是被認(rèn)為是真正理解文本的唯一途徑，因此句子用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，即is/aredone，主語(yǔ)“theactofrereading”是單數(shù)，因此空格處是isregarded，故填isregarded。22．考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：對(duì)于成年人來(lái)說(shuō)，為了更好地理解一篇文章，重新閱讀是必要的，這樣才能提出好的批評(píng)論點(diǎn)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，句子表示“重新閱讀是必要的，可以提出好的批評(píng)論點(diǎn)”，因此空格處表示“可以或能夠”，空格后是動(dòng)詞原形，因此空格處是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can，故填can。23．考查介詞。句意：如果不重讀，許多讀者就不可能欣賞到作者微妙的才能，也不可能理解一篇文章的內(nèi)在思想和主題。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，句子表示“如果不重讀，許多讀者就不可能欣賞到作者微妙的才能”，因此空格處表示“沒(méi)有”，空格后是動(dòng)名詞rereading，因此空格處是介詞without，位于句首，首字母大寫(xiě)，故填Without。24．考查固定短語(yǔ)。句意：實(shí)際上有目的的重讀創(chuàng)造了一種自我意識(shí)。根據(jù)前面的“Rereadingisalsoanactofself-reflection”可知，句子表示“實(shí)際上有目的的重讀實(shí)踐創(chuàng)造了一種自我意識(shí)”，inreality是固定短語(yǔ)，意為“實(shí)際上”，因此空格處是reality，故填reality。25．考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：由于書(shū)是不變的，所以它的作用是一個(gè)常數(shù)，可以用來(lái)衡量讀者的成長(zhǎng)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，先行詞constant是物，因此空格處用關(guān)系代詞that/which，故填that/which。26．考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：這是一種重新審視讀者自身及其自最初閱讀以來(lái)所經(jīng)歷的變化的方式。由since可知，句子時(shí)態(tài)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，主語(yǔ)he是單數(shù)，因此空格處是hasundergone，故填hasundergone。27．考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：重讀需要花費(fèi)時(shí)間，把讀者從他們的閱讀清單上引開(kāi)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句中謂語(yǔ)是takes，空格處是非謂語(yǔ)形式，Rereading和draw之間是主謂關(guān)系，因此空格處用現(xiàn)在分詞表主動(dòng)，故填drawing。28．考查副詞。句意：如果你重讀一本心愛(ài)的書(shū)，卻沒(méi)有留下美好的回憶，那是多么令人沮喪??！根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，句子表示“如果你重讀一本心愛(ài)的書(shū)，卻沒(méi)有留下美好的回憶，那是多么令人沮喪啊”，空格處用表示“多么”的how，故填how。29．考查名詞。句意：DavidGalef認(rèn)為，快樂(lè)、興奮和好奇等情緒會(huì)導(dǎo)致讀者匆匆讀完故事，在重讀時(shí)忽略對(duì)故事內(nèi)在復(fù)雜性的欣賞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，句子表示“快樂(lè)、興奮和好奇等情緒會(huì)導(dǎo)致讀者匆匆讀完故事，在重讀時(shí)忽略對(duì)故事內(nèi)在復(fù)雜性的欣賞”，因此空格處用名詞，作賓語(yǔ)，appreciate的名詞是appreciation，意為“欣賞”，是不可數(shù)名詞，故填appreciation。30．考查從屬連詞。句意：此外，如果(當(dāng))你的重讀是為了獲得新的想法，它可能不會(huì)導(dǎo)致更好的理解。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，句子表示“如果你的重讀是為了獲得新的想法，它可能不會(huì)導(dǎo)致更好的理解”，空格處表示“如果”，用連詞if，引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，也可以用when（當(dāng)……的時(shí)候）引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，故填if/when。SectionBDirections:ineachblankwithathebox.Eachcanbeonlyonce.Notethatisoneyou（2022秋·上海·高三上海師大附中?？计谥校〢．groundB．discourageC．massivelyD．collapseE.disapproveF.privateG.containH.surviveI.escapeJ.slightlyK.formerLoansatpubliclibrariesfelldramaticallyduringthepandemic,whilewebsitevisitsrose.Iftheserviceisto____31____furthercuts,itneedsusers.Librariesareromanticyetplainplaces.Theromanceisthatofreading,andthewealthofhumanimaginationthey____32____.Theplainsideoflibrariesismorephysical.Thisistheworldofbuildings,shelving,books,librarycards,computers-andpeoplewhosemindsarereadytobeopened.Itwouldbehardtofindanyonewhoactively____33____of,orquestiontheprinciplesofself-improvementlibrariesstandfor.Butwhenitcomestopracticalities,Britain’slibrariesareonlesssolid____34____.Thesectorhasbeencut____35____inthepastdecade,witharound800librariesacrossEnglanddisappearing.ThefirstCovidlockdowncausedanewincreaseofinterestinreading,astheideatookholdthatpeopleforcedtostayathomewouldspendmoretimewithbooks—bothtofindoutmoreaboutthepandemicandto____36____fromit.Butthelatestdataregardinglibrariesareworryingforanyonewhovaluesthemasbricks-and-mortar(實(shí)體店)placestogo.Thenumberofphysicalvisitsalsotendedto____37____,from214.6mto59.7m,comparedwiththefactthatwebsitevisitsgrewby18%to154.7m.Ofcourse,thisisthebehaviorthatonewouldexpectduringapandemic.Manylibrarieswereclosedduringthisperiod,whenthegovernmentchoseto____38____peoplefromunnecessarymixing.Meanwhile,____39____librariesathome,whetherlargecollectionsorsingle,untidybookshelves,appeartobebooming,withmoreonesspringingup.Butthehopemustbethatvisitsandloansatpubliclibrarieswillsoonreturntotheir____40____leveltoo.Likeanyotherservice,librariesneedusers.Thishassomethingtodowiththeromanticnotionofthereaderasexplorer.Bookscanbetreasuredpossessions,butthereisalsosomethingspecialaboutthatONEcopytoarriveinyourhand.【答案】31．H

32．G

33．E

34．A

35．C

36．I

37．D

38．B

39．F

40．K【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了圖書(shū)館是一個(gè)浪漫的地方，在圖書(shū)館獲得知識(shí)和文學(xué)藝術(shù)是非常寶貴的。同時(shí)，一些地區(qū)的圖書(shū)館面臨著讀者減少的困難，但作者認(rèn)為圖書(shū)館將有一個(gè)美好的未來(lái)。31．考查動(dòng)詞。句意：如果該服務(wù)想在進(jìn)一步削減中存活下來(lái)，它就需要用戶。根據(jù)前文“Loansatpubliclibrariesfelldramaticallyduringthepandemic,whilewebsitevisitsrose.”可知，因?yàn)橐咔楣矆D書(shū)館的借閱量大幅下降，在根據(jù)后文“itneedsusers”可推知，公共圖書(shū)館想要生存下去，才需要客戶。故選H項(xiàng)。32．考查動(dòng)詞。句意：浪漫的是閱讀，以及其中蘊(yùn)含的豐富的人類想象力。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句是省略了that的定語(yǔ)從句，從句部分缺少謂語(yǔ)，所以空處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞，定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞是humanimagination，所以contain表示“蘊(yùn)含的豐富的人類想象力”符合句意，又描述的是客觀事實(shí)，所以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故選G項(xiàng)。33．考查動(dòng)詞。句意：很難找到一個(gè)積極反對(duì)或質(zhì)疑圖書(shū)館所代表的自我完善原則的人。根據(jù)后文“orquestiontheprinciplesofself-improvementlibrariesstandfor”可知，空處和question對(duì)應(yīng)，所以disapprove“不贊成”符合句意。故選E項(xiàng)。34．考查名詞。句意：但說(shuō)到實(shí)用性，英國(guó)圖書(shū)館的基礎(chǔ)就不那么堅(jiān)實(shí)了。根據(jù)前文“Butwhenitcomestopracticalities”此處表轉(zhuǎn)折。由此可知，英國(guó)的圖書(shū)館并不好，以及后文“witharound800librariesacrossEnglanddisappearing”可知，空處應(yīng)填ground，表示“并不堅(jiān)固的地基”符合句意。故選A項(xiàng)。35．考查副詞。句意：在過(guò)去的十年里，這一領(lǐng)域被大規(guī)模削減，英國(guó)各地約有800家圖書(shū)館消失。根據(jù)后文“witharound800librariesacrossEnglanddisappearing”可知，英國(guó)的圖書(shū)館被大規(guī)模削減，所以massively符合句意。故選C項(xiàng)。36．考查動(dòng)詞。句意：第一次新冠疫情封鎖引發(fā)了人們對(duì)閱讀的興趣新的增長(zhǎng)，因?yàn)槿藗冋J(rèn)為被迫呆在家里的人會(huì)花更多時(shí)間看書(shū)——既是為了了解更多關(guān)于大流行的信息，也是為了逃離大流行。根據(jù)前文“bothtofindoutmoreaboutthepandemic”可知，空后的it代指的是疫情，所以此處表達(dá)是“了解和逃離疫情”之意，所以escape“逃離”符合句意。又空前的to是不定式標(biāo)志，所以填escape。故選I項(xiàng)。37．考查動(dòng)詞。句意：實(shí)體訪問(wèn)的數(shù)量也趨于崩潰，從2.146億下降到5970萬(wàn)，而網(wǎng)站訪問(wèn)卻增長(zhǎng)了18%，達(dá)到1.547億。根據(jù)后文“from214.6mto59.7m”可知，實(shí)體訪問(wèn)的數(shù)量大幅度下降，是趨于崩潰，所以collapse“崩潰”符合句意。故選D項(xiàng)。38．考查動(dòng)詞。句意：在此期間，許多圖書(shū)館都關(guān)閉了，因?yàn)檎x擇阻止人們不必要的交往。根據(jù)前文“Manylibrarieswereclosedduringthisperiod”可知，在疫情期間，政府肯定是選擇阻止人們不必要的交往，所以discourage“阻止”符合句意，又空前是to為不定式標(biāo)志，應(yīng)填原形。故選B項(xiàng)。39．考查形容詞。句意：與此同時(shí)，國(guó)內(nèi)的私人圖書(shū)館，無(wú)論是大型藏書(shū)還是單一而雜亂的書(shū)架，似乎都在蓬勃發(fā)展，而且越來(lái)越多的私人圖書(shū)館如雨后春筍般涌現(xiàn)。根據(jù)后文“whetherlargecollectionsorsingle,untidybookshelves,appeartobebooming,withmoreonesspringingup”可知，此處再說(shuō)圖書(shū)館在蓬勃發(fā)展，但是前文一直在說(shuō)公共圖書(shū)館在衰落，所以此處應(yīng)是私人圖書(shū)館，所以private“私人的”符合句意。故選F項(xiàng)。40．考查形容詞。句意：但人們肯定希望公共圖書(shū)館的訪問(wèn)和借閱也能很快恢復(fù)到以前的水平。根據(jù)后文“Likeanyotherservice,librariesneedusers.”可知，圖書(shū)館的運(yùn)營(yíng)，也需要客戶來(lái)維持，所以人們希望公共圖書(shū)館的訪問(wèn)和借閱也能很快恢復(fù)到以前的水平，公共圖書(shū)館才能持續(xù)下去，所以former“以前的”符合句意。故選K項(xiàng)。III.ReadingComprehension(41–55題，每題1分；56–70題，每題2分；共45分)SectionADirections:eachblankinthefollowingpassagemarkedB,CandD.ineachblankwiththeorphrasethatbestthecontext.（2023春·上?！じ呷龔?fù)旦附中?？茧A段練習(xí)）Theteenageyearsofanindividualismarkedbyevaluatingone'svalues,experiencingashiftinoutlooks,andatendencytoactrebellious.Itcanalsobeatimewhensomeonebecomesextremely__41__tonegativeinfluences,andisdrawntowardsdangeroussituations.Ontheotherhand,forparents,theperiodoftheirchildren'sadolescencemeansregularlyworryingabouttheirsafetyandformationasacitizen.Thus,amethodof__42__teenagers'securityisneeded,andcurfews(宵禁)areoftenseenassuchameasure，sincetheyhaveprovedtheir___43___thesametime,certainpeculiaritiesexistaboutestablishingcurfewsforchildren.TheissueofteenagecurfewsiswidelydebatedintheUnitedStates,wherethismethodisstillrather__44__,andinEuropeandemocracies,wherethismeasureisyetnotsowidelyused.Thefirstandforemostreasonforestablishingcurfewsischildren'ssecurity.__45__curfewsrequireteenagersunder17yearstostayoutofstreetsstartingfrom11p.m.ormidnight.Thisisbelievedtoprotectthemfromcrimescommittedafternightfall,aswellasfrombreakingthelaw,andthereexistsseriousevidence__46__thisbelief.Forexample,whenNewOrleansenabledadusk-til-dawncurfewin1994,theratesofjuvenilecrimewerereportedtofallmorethan20percent.Evenmoreimpressive___47___wererecordedinDallas,whichreporteda30-percentdecreaseinviolentjuvenilecrime,anda21-percentdecreaseintheoverallratesofcrimescommittedbyyoungpeople(TheNewYorkTimes).Ontheotherhand,curfewscanbeseenasapreventivemeasurethatrobyoungpeopleoftheirrights,__48__theirfreedom.Thisopinionis__49__supportedbythefactthatcurfewviolations(違規(guī))andtherespectivechargesareamongthemostoftencommittedjuvenilecrimesintheUnitedStates.___50___,therewerereportsclaimingthatpolicearrestedmorenon-whiteteenagersforcurfewviolations.Allthiscancauseateenagertobelievetheyhavecrossedapsychologicallinedividingthemascriminals;thus,suchteenagersmaystarttoseethemselvesasoutlaws,whichcan__51__committingmoreseriouscrimesthanacurfewoffense.Whatisimportantforaparenttorememberwhenestablishingacurfewfortheirchildrenisthatateenager'smisjudgedviewofcertain___52___maycausethemtomisbehaveinsomeotherway;thisisprovedbyresearchconductedbytheUniversityofMinnesota,accordingtowhichteenstendtoprotestagainstwhattheyseeas___53___.Consideringthis,parentsshould___54___theauthoritarianstyleofestablishingcurfews;instead,theyshouldhaveaconversationwiththeirteenagerthatwouldbeaimedatfindingidealconditionsforacurfewthatwould___55___bothsides.41．A．opposed B．subjected C．related D．restricted42．A．improving B．restoring C．ensuring D．expanding43．A．principle B．reference C．a(chǎn)pproach D．efficiency44．A．popular B．a(chǎn)bsent C．practical D．a(chǎn)ccessible45．A．Typical B．Evident C．Critical D．Specific46．A．inplaceof B．inhonorof C．incaseof D．infavorof47．A．results B．events C．patterns D．links48．A．protecting B．a(chǎn)cknowledging C．limiting D．liberating49．A．officially B．logically C．particularly D．physically50．A．Bycontrast B．Inaddition C．Inconclusion D．Ingeneral51．A．takechargeof B．contributeto C．resultfrom D．dealwith52．A．rules B．charges C．crimes D．relations53．A．impolite B．unrealistic C．inadequate D．unfair54．A．a(chǎn)dopt B．a(chǎn)llow C．a(chǎn)void D．a(chǎn)ddress55．A．satisfy B．spare C．surround D．settle【答案】41.B

42．C

43．D

44．A

45．A

46．D

47．A

48．C

49．C

50．B

51．B

52．A

53．D

54．C

55．A【分析】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。為了確保青少年的安全，國(guó)家對(duì)他們實(shí)行了宵禁。宵禁降低了青少年的犯罪率，非常有效，但在一定程度上限制了青少年的自由和權(quán)利。本文對(duì)宵禁這一舉措的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了論述。41．考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：它也可能是這樣一段時(shí)間，在這段時(shí)間一個(gè)人變得非常容易受負(fù)面影響，并被危險(xiǎn)的情況所吸引。A.opposed反對(duì)；B.subjected受控制，受影響；C.related聯(lián)系；D.restricted受限制。根據(jù)后面的“andisdrawntowardsdangeroussituations（被危險(xiǎn)的情況所吸引）”可知，被危險(xiǎn)的情況所吸引，自然易受消極的負(fù)面的事物所影響。故選B。42．考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：因此，需要一種確保青少年安全的方法，宵禁常常被視為這樣一種措施，因?yàn)橄C明了其有效性。A.improving提高，改善；B.restoring恢復(fù)；C.ensuring確保；D.expanding擴(kuò)大。根據(jù)上句“forparents,theperiodoftheirchildren'sadolescencemeansregularlyworryingabouttheirsafetyandformationasacitizen.”可知，對(duì)于父母來(lái)說(shuō)，孩子的青春期意味著要經(jīng)常擔(dān)心他們作為一個(gè)公民的安全。那么宵禁就是確保（ensure）他們的安全的一種措施。故選C。43．考查名詞辨析。句意：因此，需要一種確保青少年安全的方法，宵禁常常被視為這樣一種安全措施，因?yàn)橄C明了其有效性。A.principle原則；B.reference參與；C.approach方法；D.efficiency效率。下文主要敘述了在美國(guó)對(duì)青少年宵禁相當(dāng)普遍并卓有成效的例子?？芍?，宵禁是有效的。故選D。44．考查形容詞辨析。句意：對(duì)青少年宵禁的問(wèn)題在美國(guó)廣受爭(zhēng)議，這種方法在美國(guó)仍然相當(dāng)流行，而在歐洲民主國(guó)家，這一措施尚未得到如此廣泛的應(yīng)用。A.popular流行的，受歡迎的；B.absent缺席的；C.practical實(shí)用的；D.accessible可得到的。根據(jù)空前的“TheissueofteenagecurfewsiswidelydebatedintheUnitedStates”青少年宵禁問(wèn)題在美國(guó)廣受爭(zhēng)議，以及后面的“thismethodisstillrather__4__”中的轉(zhuǎn)折副詞still，表示與前面的句意相反，可知這種方法雖然備受爭(zhēng)議，但在美國(guó)仍然相當(dāng)流行。故選A。45．考查形容詞辨析。句意：典型的宵禁要求17歲以下的青少年從晚上11點(diǎn)開(kāi)始不要上街。A.Typical典型的，有代表性的；B.Evident明顯的；C.Critical批評(píng)的；D.Specific具體的。根據(jù)后面的舉例，宵禁的時(shí)間及針對(duì)的人群可知，這種宵禁非常典型。故選A。46．考查短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：這被認(rèn)為可以保護(hù)他們免受夜幕降臨后的罪行，以及違法行為的侵害，而且有確鑿的證據(jù)支持這一觀點(diǎn)。A.inplaceof代替；B.inhonorof紀(jì)念；C.incaseof以防；D.infavorof支持。下文舉例說(shuō)明這種宵禁使青少年犯罪率下降了，可知，這些都能支持（infavorof）這一種措施的可行性。故選D。47．考查名詞辨析。句意：達(dá)拉斯的結(jié)果更令人印象深刻，(紐約時(shí)報(bào))報(bào)告稱青少年暴力犯罪率下降了30%，青少年犯罪總犯罪率下降了21%。A.results結(jié)果；B.events事件；C.patterns模式；D.links鏈接。犯罪率的下降就是這種措施的結(jié)果（results）。故選A。48．考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：另一方面，宵禁可被視為剝奪年輕人的權(quán)利，限制他們的自由的一種預(yù)防措施。A.protecting保護(hù)；B.acknowledging承認(rèn)；C.limiting限制；D.liberating解放。根據(jù)宵禁期間，青少年在晚上11點(diǎn)后不準(zhǔn)上街，可知，宵禁限制（limit）了他們的自由。故選C。49．考查副詞辨析。句意：這一觀點(diǎn)尤其得到以下事實(shí)的支持：違反宵禁和相關(guān)指控是美國(guó)青少年最常犯下的犯罪之一。A.officially官方地；B.logically邏輯地；C.particularly尤其；D.physically身體上。根據(jù)“thatcurfewviolations(違規(guī))andtherespectivechargesareamongthemostoftencommittedjuvenilecrimesintheUnitedStates.”可知這一觀點(diǎn)尤其得到以下事實(shí)的支持。故選C。50．考查短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：此外，有報(bào)道稱警方因宵禁逮捕了更多違反規(guī)定的非白人青少年。A.Bycontrast相比；B.Inaddition此外；C.Inconclusion總之；D.Ingeneral一般地。上文說(shuō)了宵禁限制了青少年的自由，后面又舉一例，可知，空格處要用此外（Inaddition）。故選B。51．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：所有這些都會(huì)使青少年認(rèn)為他們已經(jīng)越過(guò)了將自己劃分為罪犯的心理防線；因此，這些青少年可能開(kāi)始將自己視為不法分子，這可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致犯下比宵禁罪更嚴(yán)重的罪行。A.takechargeof負(fù)責(zé)；B.contributeto促使，有助于；C.resultfrom由于；D.dealwith處理。分析前后兩句的內(nèi)容，可知青少年認(rèn)為自己是不法分子，這會(huì)促使（contributeto）他們犯下更重的罪行。故選B。52．考查名詞辨析。句意：在為孩子制定宵禁令時(shí)，父母要記住的一點(diǎn)是，青少年對(duì)某些規(guī)定的錯(cuò)誤判斷可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致他們?cè)谄渌矫娴牟划?dāng)行為。A.rules規(guī)定；B.charges費(fèi)用；C.crimes犯罪；D.relations關(guān)系。宵禁令是一種規(guī)定（rule）。故選A。53．考查形容詞辨析。句意：由明尼蘇達(dá)大學(xué)進(jìn)行的研究證明這一點(diǎn)，根據(jù)該研究，青少年傾向于抗議他們認(rèn)為不公平的事情。A.impolite不禮貌的；B.unrealistic不現(xiàn)實(shí)的；C.inadequate不足的；D.unfair不公平的。根據(jù)“protestagainst(抗議)”可知，青少年認(rèn)為這是不公平的的事，會(huì)進(jìn)行抗議。故選D。54．考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：因此，家長(zhǎng)應(yīng)該避免制定宵禁的專制風(fēng)格；相反，應(yīng)該與他們的青少年進(jìn)行對(duì)話，旨在為宵禁尋找理想的條件，讓雙方都滿意。A.adopt采納，收養(yǎng)；B.allow允許；C.avoid避免；D.address解決。上文說(shuō)青少年在認(rèn)為某事對(duì)自己不公平時(shí)會(huì)抗議。以及“haveaconversationwiththeirteenagerthatwouldbeaimedatfindingidealconditions”可知，要與青少年進(jìn)行一次旨在找到理想條件的談話，家長(zhǎng)要避免（avoid）專制。故選C。55．考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：因此，家長(zhǎng)應(yīng)該避免制定宵禁的專制風(fēng)格;相反，應(yīng)該與他們的青少年進(jìn)行對(duì)話，旨在為宵禁尋找理想的條件，讓雙方都滿意。A.satisfy滿足；B.spare留出，抽出；C.surround包圍；D.settle解決。上文說(shuō)要與青少年對(duì)話，不能專制，目的就是讓雙方滿意（satisfy）。故選A。SectionB Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)（2022秋·上海·高三上海交大附中?？奸_(kāi)學(xué)考試）GettingtoknowPeruistoadmireitschurches,archaeological(考古的)sites,andhouseswithbalconies,whoarewitnessestotherichhistoryandguardiansoftheculturaltreasuresofPeru.Weinviteyoutodiscoverthetop5mostrepresentativecollections.RoyalTombsofSipanThisisanexceptionalexhibitionoftheLordofSipan,oneofthemostpowerfulmenofancientPeru,ruleroftheMochicaCulturewhichdominatedthePeruviannortherncoastbetween100and800A．D．TheComplexfeaturestheartifactsfoundwithinitstomb.Thetourincludesavisittothearchaeologicalsite,whichgivesyouacompleteviewofthismagnificentdiscovery.LimaArtMuseumAlsoknownasMALI,themuseumishometoacollectionofmorethan17,000worksexhibitedinitspermanentgalleriesincludingart,textilesandsilverwarefromthefirstAndeancivilizationstoourdays.Inaddition,themuseum’stemporarygallerieshighlightlocalandinternationalexhibitions.ThebuildingthathousestheMuseumislocatedattheentranceofLima’shistoricdowntownnexttoabeautifulpublicparkandisoneofthemostbeautifulexamplesofarchitectureinLima.MATEPeru’smostrecognizedphotographer,MarioTestino,hasgainedaplaceasoneofthemostinfluentialfashionandportraitphotographersofourtimes.HereinPeru,hehaswrittenanewchapterinart’shistorybyrestoringabeautiful19thCenturymansiontoitsformerglorytohomeanon-profitmuseumthatbringsPeruvianartistsandculturetoworldwideattention.Themuseumoffersthebestofinternationalcontemporaryartandphotographythroughaprogramofexhibitions,residencies,andevents,alongsideapermanentdisplayofhiswork.SantaCatalinaConventThisisnotjustanotherreligiousbuilding—the20,000-sq-metercomplexisalmostacastlewithintheArequipaCity.Occupyingawholeblockandguardedbyimposinghighwalls,itisoneofthemostfascinatingreligiousbuildingsinPeru.ItsmainattractionisthemixofSpanishannativeelementsinthearchitecturalstyleandthesplendidworksofart,suchastheartgallerycontainingpiecesoftheCuscoSchoolofpaintingsshowingthelifeofSt.CatherineofSiena,andthemurals(壁畫(huà))thatcanbeseenallovertheplace.56．Thepassageismainlyintendedto______.A．highlightPeru’srichhistoryandwell-knownartifactsB．recommendsomeofPeru’splacesthatareworthvisitingC．explainwhyPeruhasprotecteditsculturaltreasureswellD．introducemostrepresentativecollectionsinPeru’smuseums57．Thebuildingof______hasaforeigntouch.A．RoyalTombsofSipan B．LimaArtMuseumC．MATE D．SantaCatalinaConvent58．Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A．TheMochicaCulturespreadacrossPeruaround800A．D．B．LimaArtMuseumislocatedontheoutskirtsofLima.C．MarioTestinoplaysapartinpublicizingPeruvianculture.D．SantaCatalinaConventisnolongerusedforreligiouspurposes.【答案】56．B

57．D

58．C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了秘魯具有歷史和文化意義的五處遺址。56．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的“GettingtoknowPeruistoadmireitschurches,archaeological(考古的)sites,andhouseswithbalconies,whoarewitnessestotherichhistoryandguardiansoftheculturaltreasuresofPeru.Weinviteyoutodiscoverthetop5mostrepresentativecollections.(了解秘魯就是欣賞秘魯?shù)慕烫?、考古這些遺址和帶陽(yáng)臺(tái)的房屋是秘魯豐富歷史的見(jiàn)證人和文化寶藏的守護(hù)者。我們邀請(qǐng)您探索前五大最具代表性的收藏)”結(jié)合下文對(duì)5個(gè)具有代表性遺址的介紹推知，本文的目的是給讀者推薦秘魯一些值得參觀的地方。故選B。57．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SantaCatalinaConvent部分的“ItsmainattractionisthemixofSpanishannativeelementsinthearchitecturalstyleandthesplendidworksofart,suchastheartgallerycontainingpiecesoftheCuscoSchoolofpaintingsshowingthelifeofSt.CatherineofSiena,andthemurals(壁畫(huà))thatcanbeseenallovertheplace.(它最吸引人的地方是建筑風(fēng)格中西班牙本土元素和精彩的藝術(shù)作品的結(jié)合，比如藝術(shù)畫(huà)廊里有展示錫耶納圣凱瑟琳生平的庫(kù)斯科派繪畫(huà)作品，還有隨處可見(jiàn)的壁畫(huà))”可知，SantaCatalinaConvent的建筑風(fēng)格是西班牙元素，即它的建筑有異國(guó)情調(diào)。故選D。58．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MATE部分的“HereinPeru,hehaswrittenanewchapterinart’shistorybyrestoringabeautiful19thCenturymansiontoitsformerglorytohomeanon-profitmuseumthatbringsPeruvianartistsandculturetoworldwideattention.Themuseumoffersthebestofinternationalcontemporaryartandphotographythroughaprogramofexhibitions,residencies,andevents,alongsideapermanentdisplayofhiswork.(在秘魯，他將一座美麗的19世紀(jì)宅邸修復(fù)成昔日的輝煌，成為一座非營(yíng)利性博物館的所在地，為藝術(shù)史譜寫(xiě)了新的篇章，這座博物館使秘魯藝術(shù)家和文化受到了全世界的關(guān)注。博物館通過(guò)一系列展覽、居住和活動(dòng)，以及他的作品的永久展示，提供最好的國(guó)際當(dāng)代藝術(shù)和攝影作品)”可知，MarioTestino在宣傳秘魯文化方面發(fā)揮了作用。故選C。(B)（2023·上海·上海中學(xué)?？寄M預(yù)測(cè)）Lidar,shortfor“l(fā)ightdetectionandranging”,involvesdirectingarapidseriesoflaserpulses-between100,000and400,000persecond—atthegroundfromanairplaneoradrone.SoftwarecapturesthetimeandwavelengthofthepulsesreflectedfromthesurfaceandcombinesitwithGPSandotherdatatoproduceaprecisethree-dimensional(三維的)mapofthelandscapebelow.Thesehigh-techexplorationshaverevealedlong-buriedMayancities,includingTikal,inthedensejungleofGuatemala,andCaracol,inBelize.Inrecentyears,lidarexposedanancientcityinwesternMexicocalledAngamuco.Thediscoveryofthislong-lostMexicancityisespeciallysignificant.BuiltbythePurepecha,whowereenemiesoftheAztecs,Angamucowasamajorcivilizationintheearly16thcentury,beforeEuropeansarrived.“TothinkthatthismassivecityexistedintheheartlandofMexicoforallthistimeandnobodyknewitwasthereiskindofamazing,”saysChrisFisher,anarchaeologist(考古學(xué)家)atColoradoStateUniversitywholedtheexploration.Thecityextendedovertensquaremilesbeforeitwascoveredbyalava(巖漿)flow.“Thatisahugeareawithalotofpeople,”saysFisher.“Youaretalkingabout40,000buildingfoundations,whichis[about]thesamenumberofbuildingfoundationsthatareontheislandofManhattan.”ArchaeologistsweresurprisedwhentheysawAngamuco’scityplan.ThePurepecha’smonumentswerelargelyconcentratedineightzonesaroundtheedgesratherthanbeinglocatedinonelargecenter.WhythisalmostLosAngeles-typesprawl(隨意)?Historianswanttoknowtheanswertothattoo.TherevelationofAngamucoisanexampleofthepowerandpromiseoflidar.Archaeologistsdiscoveredsignsoftheburiedcityin2007andinitiallyattemptedtoexploreitusingatraditional“bootsontheground”approach.Buttheteamsoonrealizedthatwiththeruggedterrain(畸嶇的地形)，itwouldtakeatleastadecadetooutlinetheentiremetropolis.In2011,theybeganusinglidartomapnearly14squaremiles,revealingsomeastonishingfeatures,frompyramidsandtemplestoroadsystems,gardenareas,andevenballcourts.Thisgavethemthe“map”theyneededtoknowwheretoexplorefurther.Sofar,Fisherandhisteamhaveverifiedmorethan7,000architecturalfeaturesovera1.5-square-milearea,withdiggingundertakenatsevenlocations.Alltold,researchersnowbelievethatmorethan100,000peoplelivedinAngamucofromaboutAD1000toAD1350.ThatmakesitthebiggestcityinwesternMexicoatthetime―oratleastthebiggestcityweknowaboutsofar“Everywhereyoupointthelidarinstrument,youfindnewstuff,”saysFisher.”Rightnow,everytextbookhastoberewritten,andtwoyearsfromnow,they’regoingtohavetoberewrittenagain.“59．WhichofthefollowingstatementsistrueofAngamuco?A．ItwasconstructedbyAztecs.B．ItisamajorcivilizationofMexico.C．Itwasdestroye