2021屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)第一編必修3Module6OldandNew課時(shí)作業(yè)含解析外研版

Module6OldandNew課時(shí)作業(yè)Ⅰ.閱讀(2020·深圳高級(jí)中學(xué)(集團(tuán))高三第一學(xué)期第一次測(cè)試)Welovethesea.Weswimintoit,livenearit,buildbesideit,andevenimagineaboutlivingunderthesea.Butwe'reterrifiedofit,too.Formuchofourhistory,wehaveturnedto“hardengineering”tocontrolthemarine(海洋)environmentandmanageitsinfluenceonus.Webuilddams,seawallsandchannels.Butalltheseeffortsseemtofail.Theseahasahabitoftakingbackitsown.Andwesuffer.Johnston,amarineecologist,isadvocatingfor“blueengineering”—themarineversionofthe“greenengineering”movementonlandthathasseennationslikeSingaporebuildingthewallsandroofsoftheconcretejunglewithplantlife.Weareexpandingfurtherintothemarineenvironment.Thispracticedoesharmtomarineecosystems.We'relovingtheseatodeath,butwe'venotbeenthinkingaboutdesignofstructures(建筑物)withrespecttoecology.Somecoastalstructurescreateshade,whichreducesthegrowthofseaweed.Brightlightsatnightcontusespeciessuchasturtles.That'swhyblueengineeringcomesin.Throughouttheworldpeoplearestartingtoturnthingsaround.ResearcherswiththeWorldHarbourProjectarecreatingtiles(瓦片)similartothenaturalstructuresfoundonrockyshoreswith3Dprintingtechnology.Thesemakemoreattractivehomesformarinecreatures.ResearchersarealsoactivelyseedingthesetileswithlocalseaweedsandcreaturessuchastheSydneyrockoyster,whichisparticularlygoodatimprovingwaterquality.Twelveharboursaroundtheworldaretakingpartinthismarinetileexperiment,eachworkingwiththeirownuniquemarinelife.It'safarcryfromthedayswhenhugenumbersofoldtyreswerethrownintotheseatobuild“artificialreef(礁石)”.Thoseclumsyearlyattemptsarenowcostingmillionstoremove,showingjusthowfarwehaveyettogoinunderstandinghowbesttoco-habitwiththeunderwaterworld.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講了引進(jìn)藍(lán)色海洋工程的原因以及如何實(shí)施藍(lán)色海洋工程。1．Whatdoweknowabout“hardengineering”？A．Ithasimprovedseaenvironment.B．Itcancontroltheinfluenceofsea.C．Ithasfailedtoachieveitspurpose.D．Itmakeslivingunderseaimpossible.答案：C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Webuilddams,seawallsandchannels.Butalltheseeffortsseemtofail.Theseahasahabitoftakingbackitsown.Andwesuffer.”可知，“hardengineering”所有的努力似乎沒有成功，也就是未能達(dá)到它的目的。故選C。2．Para.3ismainlyaboutthe________tointroducetheprojectof“blueengineering”．A．drawbacks B．reasonsC．procedures D．measures答案：B段落大意題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Thispracticedoesharmtomarineecosystems.”與“That'swhyblueengineeringcomesin.”可知，本段主要講了引進(jìn)“藍(lán)色工程”的原因。故選B。3．Whichofthefollowingisaformof“blueengineering”？A．Constructingbuildingswithplantlife.B．Expandingintomarineenvironments.C．Creatinganartificialreefwitholdtyres.D．Buildingstructuresbenefitingseacreatures.答案：D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“ResearcherswiththeWorldHarbourProjectarecreatingtiles(瓦片)similartothenaturalstructuresfoundonrockyshoreswith3Dprintingtechnology.”可知，建造對(duì)海洋生物有益的結(jié)構(gòu)是“藍(lán)色工程”的一種形式。故選D。4．Whatisthewriter'sfeelingtowardsthepresentsituationofmarineenvironment?A．Relieved. B．Doubtful.C．Satisfied. D．Disappointed.答案：A推理判斷題。由最后一段可推知作者對(duì)海洋環(huán)境的現(xiàn)狀持放心態(tài)度。relieved“放心”；doubtful“不確定的”；satisfied“滿意的”；disappointed“失望的”。故選A?！驹~匯積累】①advocatev.擁護(hù)；支持；提倡②ecosystemn.生態(tài)系統(tǒng)③contusev.挫傷④clumsyadj.難以移動(dòng)的；難用的；設(shè)計(jì)欠佳的【難句分析】原文：It'safarcryfromthedayswhenhugenumbersofoldtyreswerethrownintotheseatobuild“artificialreef(礁石)”.這與過去為了建造“人工礁石”而把大量的舊輪胎扔進(jìn)海里的日子已經(jīng)大不相同了。(最后一段第一句)分析：本句為主從復(fù)合句。when引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞days；afarcryfrom意為“與……有很大差別；完全不同”。Ⅱ.完形填空IliveinthenorthernsuburbofSanFrancisco,wheredrivingisconsideredthemaintransportationchoiceformostpeople.Istillrememberhow__1__IwaswhenIfirstlearnedtodrive10yearsago.__2__atnight,withmusiccalmingmedown,Iwasfilledwithjoyand__3__inaforeignland!Ihadaphototakenofmyhuggingmy__4__andsentittomyfamilyinChina.I__5__mycar!Sometimesshewasmyonly__6__inlonelynights.__7__，astimewentby,thatexcitementworeoff,andI__8__driving.SoIjoinedthe21-dayMindfulWalkingChallengeandbegantowalk.I__9__thenewneighbornextdoor,andtwodifferentgardenersondifferentdaysandlistenedtotheirjoyingardeningaftera(n)__10__day—workingalldayinfrontofacomputer.I__11__ateveryonepassingbyme.IwalkedtothestreetsI__12__wouldn'tpassthroughifIdrovemycar,and__13__atinyfreelibraryonthesidewalk.Ibeganto__14__ifIhadreallylivedinthistownalltheseyears.It'sacompletelynewtownI__15__solittleabout!I'mgratefulforthe21-dayMindfulWalkingChallenge.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者從原來的開車出門到步行出街，發(fā)現(xiàn)了生活中另一番景象。由此告訴我們：只有打破常規(guī)，才有發(fā)現(xiàn)樂趣的可能。1．A.disappointed B．calmC．excited D．shy答案：C根據(jù)下文中的“Iwasfilledwithjoy”可知，作者10年前剛學(xué)會(huì)開車時(shí)應(yīng)該是特別激動(dòng)的(excited)。2．A.Running B．TravelingC．Walking D．Driving答案：D根據(jù)上文中的“whenIfirstlearnedtodrive10yearsago”可知，此處描述的是10年前作者開車(driving)時(shí)的情景。3．A.worry B．independenceC．doubt D．fear答案：B根據(jù)上文中的“Iwasfilledwithjoy”以及下文中的“inaforeignland”可知，作者在異國他鄉(xiāng)一個(gè)人開著車，覺得很快樂，也很獨(dú)立自由(independence)。4．A.car B．kidC．house D．neighbor答案：A聯(lián)系上下文可知，此處是指他拍了一張擁抱著自己的車(car)的照片發(fā)給了在中國的家人。5．A.fixed B．improvedC．loved D．missed答案：C根據(jù)上文作者抱著自己的車拍照發(fā)送給在中國的家人可知，作者很愛(love)自己的車。6．A.partner B．dreamC．plan D．hope答案：A根據(jù)下文中的“inlonelynights”可知，此處指車是作者在異國他鄉(xiāng)寂寞夜晚的唯一伙伴(partner)。7．A.So B．YetC．Therefore D．Instead答案：B根據(jù)上文以及下文中的“thatexcitementworeoff”可知，之前作者剛學(xué)會(huì)開車時(shí)很興奮，后來這種興奮慢慢地減弱，所以此處是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，用yet“但是；然而”。8．A.suggested B．keptC．enjoyed D．hated答案：D根據(jù)上文中的“thatexcitementworeoff”以及下文中的“begantowalk”可知，作者開始討厭(hate)開車。9．A.playedwith B．lookedforC．dependedon D．talkedto答案：D根據(jù)下文中的“l(fā)istenedtotheirjoyingardening”可知，作者和新鄰居以及兩個(gè)園丁聊天。talktosb.“和某人交談”。10．A.special B．tiringC．interesting D．important答案：B根據(jù)下文中的“workingalldayinfrontofacomputer”可知，作者一天都在電腦前面工作，所以這一天是令人疲勞的(tiring)一天。11．A.laughed B．smiledC．pointed D．shouted答案：B作者主動(dòng)和鄰居以及園丁聊天，說明作者的態(tài)度是友好的，所以這里指作者對(duì)每一個(gè)路過的人微笑(smile)。12．A.partly B．reallyC．normally D．lately答案：C根據(jù)下文中的“wouldn'tpassthroughifIdrovemycar”可知，作者開車的時(shí)候通常不經(jīng)過這些街道。normally“通常；正常情況下”。13．A.discovered B．examinedC．built D．learnt答案：A根據(jù)上文可知，作者平常不經(jīng)過這條路，所以現(xiàn)在步行之后才發(fā)現(xiàn)(discover)這家免費(fèi)的小圖書館。14．A.check B．studyC．see D．question答案：D根據(jù)下文中的“ifIhadreallylivedinthistownalltheseyears”可知，在開車時(shí)不常去的地方有了新的發(fā)現(xiàn)之后，作者意識(shí)到自己對(duì)這個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)的了解很少，開始懷疑(question)自己是否真的在這個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)生活過。15．A.hear B．knowC．talk D．think答案：B根據(jù)上文中的“It'sacompletelynewtown”可推斷，作者對(duì)小鎮(zhèn)了解(know)很少。Ⅲ.七選五(2020·吉林省梅河口市高三上學(xué)期聯(lián)考)Thehistoryofwritinginstruments,withwhichhumanshaverecordedandconveyedthoughtsandfeelings,isthehistoryofcivilizationitself.Thisishowweknowaboutourancestorsandtheirlife.Thehandysharpened-stonewasadaptedintothefirstwritinginstrument.Around24000BC,thecavemanstarteddrawingpictureswiththestoneontothewallsofhiscave.__1__WallsattheApollositeinNamibiaarebelievedtobetheoldestrockpaintingstodate.Beforepapercamealong,peopleusedclayorwaxtabletsonwhichtheywrotewithsharpobjectssuchasmetalsticksorbones.Around6,000yearsago,theEgyptiansinventedthefirstpaperlikematerialcalledpapyrus.Theword“paper”actuallycomesfromtheword“papyrus”．__2__Bonesormetalstickswerenolongerusefulasthepapyruscouldnotbescratched.SotheEgyptianscreatedareed-penperfectforthepapyrus.__3__Andthus,ancientEgyptianstransformedbamboostems(莖)intoanearlyformofafountainpen.Anotherwritinginstrumentthatremainedactiveinhistoryforalongperiodwasthequill(鵝毛)pen.Introducedaround700AD,thequillwasapenmadefromabirdfeather.Goosefeathersweremostcommon.__4__Formakingfinelinedrawings,crowfeatherswerethebest.Whenwritershadbetterinksandpaperandhandwritinghaddevelopedintobothanartformandaneverydayoccurrence,man'sinventivenatureonceagainturnedtoimprovingthewritinginstrument.__5__A．Nowsomethingwasneededtowriteuponthepapyrus.B．Thepapyrusbecamethemostpopularmaterialatthattime.C．Swanfeatherswereofahighquality,beingrareandmostexpensive.D．Bamboostemswerebetterandmuchmoreexpensivethangoosefeathers.E．Thisledtothedevelopmentofthemodemfountainpeninthe19thcentury.F．Theseweremostlythestemsofgrasses,especiallyfromthebambooplant.G．Thesedrawingsshowedeventsindailylifeliketheplantingofcropsorhuntingvictories.eq\x(篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了書寫工具的發(fā)展歷史。)1．G上文提示“大約公元前24000年，穴居人開始用石頭在洞穴的墻上畫畫?！痹俑鶕?jù)下文提示“納米比亞阿波羅遺址的墻壁被認(rèn)為是迄今為止最古老的巖畫?！币虼?，G項(xiàng)“Thesedrawingsshowedeventsindailylifeliketheplantingofcropsorhuntingvictories.”(這些圖畫展示了日常生活中的事件，如種植莊稼或打獵的勝利。)承上起下，切題。故選G。2．A下文提示“由于紙莎草紙不能被刮傷，骨頭或金屬棒不再有用?！币虼?，A項(xiàng)“Nowsomethingwasneededtowriteuponthepapyrus.”(現(xiàn)在需要能在紙莎草紙上書寫的工具。)引起下文，切題。故選A。3．F上文提示“因此，埃及人創(chuàng)造了一種蘆葦筆，完美地用于紙莎草紙。”因此，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“Theseweremostlythestemsofgrasses,especiallyfromthebambooplant.”(這些主要是草的莖，尤其是竹子的莖。)承接上文，切題。故選F。4．C上文提示“最常見的是鵝毛?！币虼?，C項(xiàng)“Swanfeatherswereofahighquality,beingrareandmostexpensive.”(天鵝羽毛質(zhì)量很好，既稀有又昂貴。)承接上文，切題。故選C。5．E上文提示“當(dāng)作家們有了更好的墨水和紙張，并且書法已經(jīng)發(fā)展成為一種藝術(shù)形式和日常生活的一部分時(shí)，人類的創(chuàng)造性再一次轉(zhuǎn)向改進(jìn)書寫工具?！币虼?，E項(xiàng)“Thisledtothedevelopmentofthemodemfountainpeninthe19thcentury.”(這導(dǎo)致了現(xiàn)代鋼筆在19世紀(jì)的發(fā)展。)承接上文，切題。故選E。Ⅳ.應(yīng)用文寫作(2020·安徽省合肥市八校高三第一次聯(lián)考)假設(shè)你是李華，你作為交換生正在英國學(xué)習(xí)，你所在城市博物館正在展出來自中國的文物(relics)，因而需要招聘懂一定中國文化的志愿者作為講解員，你需要寫一封信給博物館申請(qǐng)做一名講解員。要點(diǎn)如下：1．寫信目的；2．個(gè)人能力優(yōu)勢(shì)；3．能做的事情。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；3．開頭結(jié)尾已為你寫好，不計(jì)入詞數(shù)。DearSirorMadam，MynameisLiHua.Yours，LiHua[精彩范文]DearSirorMadam，MynameisLiHua.AsanexchangestudentfromChina,Iamstudyinginalocalschool.IamreallydelightedtolearnthataguideforyourChineseculturalrelicsexhibitionisrequiredandI'mconfidentthatIamtrulyfitfortheposition.Tostartwith,myadvantagefirstliesinthefactthatIamfromChinaandusedtobeavolunteerinShanghaiIwouldreallyappreciateitifyoucanoffermethechancetobeavolunteerinyourmuseum.Iamlookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.Yours，LiHua[寫作思路指導(dǎo)]Ⅴ.讀后續(xù)寫閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。續(xù)寫的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右。IsItSafetoStandinFrontofMicrowaveOvens?Microwaveovenshavebeenakitchenstaplefordecades,allowingyoutocookeverythingfromfrozenvegetablestopackagedmealsinminutes.Butwhileyouzapyourfood,youmaywonderhowcloseyoucansafelystandnexttoamicrowave,andwhetheranyradiationcouldescapefromthedeviceandpotentiallyharmyou.Doyoureallyneedtoworryaboutthis?Theshortansweris,notreally.Injuriesfrommicrowaveradiationareveryrare,accordingtotheUSFoodandDrugAdministration.However,therearecertainprecautionsyoucantaketokeepyourselfsafewhenusingamicrowaveoven.Eventhoughmicrowavesdon'tposethesamehealthrisksasX－rays,thatdoesn'tmeantheyarerisk－free.Microwavesheatfoodbycausingwatermoleculestovibrate,whichproducesheat.Intheory,microwavescanheatbodytissuesinthesamewaytheyheatfood,andathighlevels,microwavescancauseburnsandcataracts,accordingtotheFDA.Butthesetypesofinjuriesareveryrareandhavegenerallyoccurredwhenpeopleareexposedtolargeamountsofradiationleakingthroughopeningsintheoven,suchasgapsintheseal,theFDAsays.Still,theagencyrecommendsthatyoucheckyourmicrowaveovencarefullyanddonotuseitifthedoordoesn'tcloseproperly,orifitis“bent,warped,orotherwisedamaged.”Asanaddedprecaution,theFDArecommendsthatyoudon'tleanorstanddirectlyagainstamicrowaveovenforlongperiodswhileit'soperating.Asfarasinjuriesfrommicrowaveovensgo,themostcommonwaypeopleareinjuredisviaheat-relatedburnsfromtouchinghotcontainersoroverheatedfoods,orbeingexposedtoexplodingliquids.TheFDArecommendsthatpeopleusecommon－senseprecautionswhenhandlinghotfoodsandbeveragescookedinmicrowaveovens.Theagencyalsowarnsthat,whenyouuseamicrowavetoheatwaterinacup,there'sariskofthewaterbecoming“superheated，”