Unit4AGlimpseoftheFutureUsinglanguageGrammar課件高二英語選擇性

AglimpseofthefutureUnit4Usinglanguage—grammara....50percentofmytime

wasspentresearchingnewrestaurants.b.

Everyrecommendation

shegivesmeisgreat...c....almost50percentofUSjobs

areatriskfromautomationinthenext20years.d....noneofus

ispreparedforthechallengesofAI.Lookatthesentencesfromthereadingpassageandanswerthequestions.

Whyis50percentsingularinsentence(a)butpluralinsentence(c)?Whatarethesubjectsinsentences(b)and(d)?Aretheysingularorplural?UncountablenounCountablenounNowlet’sreadmoreexamples.Singular1.Moreover,whatmadeCunninghamgreat

washisdevotiontophotography...(U2P15)2.ButalongthesouthcoastofEngland,somethingunusualwashappening.(U3P26)3.OfthethousandsofcollegestudentsfromalloverChinawhoservedasinterpreters,onetenthwerefromLianda.(U3P33)4.Nearlyeveryjob

ispotentiallyatriskinthelongrun.(U4P39)1.Moreover,whatmadeCunninghamgreat(was/were)hisdevotiontophotography...

2.ButalongthesouthcoastofEngland,somethingunusual(was/were)happening.3.OfthethousandsofcollegestudentsfromalloverChinawhoservedasinterpreters,onetenth(was/were)

fromLianda.4.Nearlyeveryjob(is/are)potentiallyatriskinthelongrun.Completethesentencesbychoosingthecorrectformofthewordsinthebrackets.go

Ready?在英語表達中，句子中的謂語動詞在人稱和數(shù)上要和主語保持一致，我們稱之為“主謂一致”。主謂一致(二)Focuson基本用法Subject–verbagreement(2)1.謂語動詞常用單數(shù)的情況2.謂語動詞常用復(fù)數(shù)的情況3.謂語動詞用單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)的情況謂語動詞用單數(shù)of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞Notes:of后的復(fù)數(shù)名詞不是主語，of前面的one,everyone等才是主語。everyone(~one)nobody(~body)something(~thing)等不定代詞作主語oneeacheveryoneeachoneanyoneEachof

thehouseswasslightlydifferent.1.Is

anyone

goingtotellhimthenews?2.Listen!Someone

is

knockingatthedoor.謂語動詞用單數(shù)注意:manya修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，謂語動詞也用單數(shù)形式，但表示復(fù)數(shù)意義，意為“許多”。1.Everyboy

and

everygirl

admires

himforhisfinesenseofhumour.2.Manyaboyandmanyagirlhas

madethesamemistake.1.Maths

is

arequiredcourseformiddleschoolstudents.2.Gymnastics

ismyfavouritesport.并列主語前有each,every,manya,no等修飾。news,gymnastics,physics,mathematics,economics作主語謂語動詞用單數(shù)1.WhatIwantisaninterestingbook.2.Goingtobedearlyand

gettingupearly

is

goodforyourhealth.注意：多個非謂語動詞或從句作主語，表達同一概念用單數(shù)，表達不同概念，用復(fù)數(shù)。1.Fivedollarsseems

afairprice.2.Twokilometersisnotveryfarfortheyoungman.非謂語動詞形式或從句作主語3.Readingbooks

and

playingtabletennis

are

mygreatpleasure.距離、時間、長度、金額、質(zhì)量等復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語課堂問答想一想，表示距離、時間、長度、金額、質(zhì)量等的名詞都有哪些？milesdollarspoundskilogramskilometerscentimeterssecondshours

years謂語動詞用單數(shù)lawandruleknifeandforkwarandpeace法規(guī)刀叉戰(zhàn)爭與和平表示國名、人名、書名、組織機構(gòu)等專有名詞作主語時并列主語作為不可分的整體時1.TheUnitedStatesisadevelopedcountry.2.TheNewYorkTimes

is

widelyreadintheworld.1.Alawandruleaboutprotectingenvironment

has

beendrawnup.2.Theknifeandforkhas

beenwashed.3.Warandpeaceis

aconstantthemeinhistory.謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)1.Apairofscissors______lyinginthatdrawer.2.Thesekindsofglasses______popularthissummer.isare由兩部分組成的物體名詞作主語時(glasses,scissors,shorts,socks,compasses)由kind/pair/sort/type/seriesof修飾的主語，謂語形式取決于這些詞的單復(fù)數(shù)1.Mytrousers

are

whiteandhisclothesareblack.2.Whyare

your

shoes

sodirty?1.由and連接主語時謂語動詞用單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)1.Bothriceandwheataregrowninthisarea.2.Theprofessor

and

writer

isspeakingatthemeeting.那位教授兼作家正在會上發(fā)言。并列主語表示不同的人、物或概念時并列主語表示同一個人、物或概念時謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)謂語動詞用單數(shù)1.ThePremierandForeignMinisterwaspresentatthestatebanquet.2.ThePremierandtheForeignMinisterwerepresentatthestatebanquet.總理兼外交部長出席了國宴?？偫砗屯饨徊块L都出席了國宴。指同一個人或物時，并列主語前只能用一個冠詞；指不同的人或物時，并列主語前需要分別加冠詞。2.The+adj.

作主語1.Theyoungarealwaysfullofvitality(活力).2.Thegoodiswhatpeoplelike.謂語動詞用單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)表示一類人時表示抽象概念時謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)謂語動詞用單數(shù)這類形容詞有old,young,living,dead,rich,poor,deaf,blind,dumb等。1.Twothirdsofthestudents________(support)theplan.2.Thirtypercentofitsarea___floodedeachyear.分數(shù)/百分數(shù)+of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞/復(fù)數(shù)代詞+謂語動詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式分數(shù)/百分數(shù)+of+單數(shù)名詞/單數(shù)代詞/不可數(shù)名詞+謂語動詞的單數(shù)形式supportis1.Agreatnumberoftourists______(has)beentotheGreatWall.have2.Thenumberofworkerswhowereoutofwork_______1,000.wasanumberof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+謂語動詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式thenumberof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+謂語動詞的單數(shù)形式大量的，許多……的數(shù)量在定語從句中，關(guān)系代詞

that,who,which等作主語時，取決于先行詞1.Thefactoryused65percentofthematerials,therestofwhich_______(be)savedforotherpurposes.2.

Themanwho_______(teach)usEnglishisLiMing'sfather.wereteaches就近一致(either)…or.../neither…nor...Notonly…butalso...there/here…引導句子時EitheryouorJaneistobesenttoNewYork.Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheteacherwishesforholidays.Here

is

abook,apenandsomepaperforyou.當主語后面接用來說明主語的修飾語，如with,alongwith,togetherwith,but,beside,except,like,including,inadditionto,aswellas,ratherthan等時，謂語仍同主語保持一致。1.Alibrarywithfivethousandbooks____offeredtothenationasagift.2.Theteacher,alongwithherstudents,___goingtoattendthelecture.3.Allbutone______(has)arrivedhere.4.Nooneexcepttwostudents_____lateforclassyesterday.isishavewasNowadays,somecompaniesoffergenetictestingforchildren'stalents.Alargenumberofclientshave/hasbeenattractedtoit.Theyareparents,eagertoknowwhattalentstheirchildrenmayhaveinthefuture.Theprocessissimple.Everychildprovide/providesasmallsampleofbloodorbodytissue.Thisis/Theseareanalysed.Eachofthechildrenis/aregivenareportshowingtheirpossibletalents.Arecentexamplecitedonthewebsiteisthatoneofthetestingcompaniescompare/comparesthetalentsoftwinsBobbyandBenny.Bobbywasassessedandhistalentswas/wererevealedtobemostlyscientific:a66%chanceofsuccessinchemistryand54%inphysicswas/wereshown.Meanwhile,Benny'shighestscorewas/wereshowntobeinanartssubject:thetestgavehim68%forliterarystudies.Isgenetictestingreliable?Somescientistssaythatmoreevidenceis/areneeded.Completethepassagebychoosingthesingularorpluralform.P412whiletherestissea,covering25%ofthesurface.

Halfofthelandiscoveredwithtrees.Residentialareaandarablelandbothaccountforthesameproportion,20%ofthetotalland.Therestisdesert,covering10%ofthetotalland.

Therearethreekindsofpeople.Fiftypercentofthepeopleareoriginalresidents,30%arefromEarthand20%arefromotherplanets.Completethedescriptionaccordingtothecharts,payingattentiontosubject-verbagreement.Possibleanswers：Threequartersofthesurfaceismadeupofland,…P413Describeanotherplanetforthefuture,payingattentiontosubject-verbagreement.Usefulexpressions:...while......ismadeupof...…consistof...Although...,....P4141.Whatactuallyhappens______(be)thatthemagician,employingquickhandmovementsoramechanicaldevice,hidesoneball.(2021年八省聯(lián)考)2.About98centsofeveryduckstampdollar_________(go)directlyintotheMigratoryBirdConservationFundtopurchasewetlandsandwildlifehabitatforinclusion(被包含)intotheNationalWildlifeRefugeSystem.(2021新高考I卷)3.Lastweekourteacheraskedustofillinaquestionnaire.Oneofthequestionsare:Whowillyougotointimesoftrouble?(2021全國甲卷短文改錯)isgoes實戰(zhàn)高考is4.Thenumberofmedicalschoolsreached18intheearly1990sand_____________(remain)aroundthatlevelsince.(2020天津)5.Themusicianalongwithhisbandmembers___________(give)tenperformancesinthelastthreemonths.(2019江蘇)6.Amy,aswellasherbrothers,____________(give)awarmwelcomewhenreturningtothevillagelastweek.(2019天津)hasremainedhasgivenwasgiven實戰(zhàn)高考主謂一致記憶口訣單單復(fù)復(fù)最常見， 集體名詞謂用單。如若強調(diào)其成員， 復(fù)數(shù)謂語記心間。有些名詞謂常復(fù)，people，police即這般。主語單數(shù)后接介，謂語單數(shù)介無關(guān)。manya作主語也如此，謂語動詞應(yīng)用單。or,nor,butalso,therebe，近主原則掛嘴邊。關(guān)系代詞定主語， 謂語根據(jù)先行詞判。不定式短語、動名詞， 主語從句謂全單。時間、貨幣與距離， 謂語多單復(fù)少見，rest,means,following等，意義決定其復(fù)、單。none,all,halfof等，of之賓語定答案。還有分數(shù)、百分數(shù)， 仍據(jù)of之賓定復(fù)、單。代詞all指人謂復(fù)數(shù)， all指事情謂用單。量詞用法請注意， 謂語要隨量詞變。and連接兩名詞， 身兼兩職一定冠。no,each,every后單名，兩種事物一概念。以上情況請記清， 謂語動詞全用單。形容詞帶the一類人， 姓氏復(fù)數(shù)加定冠，以s結(jié)尾的海峽、山脈與群島，謂語用復(fù)勿用單。代詞neither,either,each，用作主語謂全單?！爸髦^一致”是指主語和謂語在人稱和數(shù)等方面的一致。IndividualactivityI.對比填空。1.(1)Lastweek,thenumberofguestsattendingtheirwedding_____(be)morethan200. (2)Alargenumberofguests_______(be)goingtoattendtheirweddingnextweek.2.(1)Sofar,thescientistandwriter_______(write)threebooksaboutspaceexploration. (2)Sofar,thescientistandthewriter ____________(write)threebooksaboutspaceexploration.washaswritten

arehavewritten3.(1)Attheendoflastyear,agreatmanybooks_________(send)tothoseschoolsinthecountryside. (2)Attheendoflastyear,manyabook_______(send)tothoseschoolsinthecountryside.4.(1)Alargequantityofwater___________(waste)inourcountryeveryyear. (2)Largequantitiesofwater___________(waste)inourcountryeveryyear.5.(1)Peter,aswellashisparents,_______(be)leavingforHongKongfortheirholidaystomorrow. (2)NotonlyPeterbutalsohisparents_____(be)leavingforHongKongfortheirholidaystomorrow.weresentiswastediswassentarewastedareII.用括號中所給單詞的適當形式填空。1.Everyteacherandeverystude